Fault Analysis and Evaluation
Module for Power System
Monitoring
Introduction High-voltage transmission and distribution
networks are the backbone of modern power
generation and distribution systems. Faults on
the transmission system can lead to severe
economic losses. Rapid information about the
type and the location of the fault can assist
the task of repair and maintenance, thereby
minimizing the economic effects of power
interruption.
The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation
module belongs to the software suite "Power
System Monitoring”, abbreviated PSM.
After a line fault, it supports quickly the oper-
ator in the control centre with the localisation
of the fault. This is the most relevant informa-
User benefits The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation
module reduces down time of the transmis-
sion or distribution lines and supports the
quick restoration of power.
E_wineve assists the operator by generating
automatically a “short fault report” in case of
a line fault. It can be configured to print these
reports dependent on different configurable
conditions. Only relevant reports are gener-
ated and irrelevant reports are suppressed.
This supplies the operator with the right
information at the right time during demand-
ing situation after a line trips.
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Issued: August 2003
Changed since March 2003
Data subject to change without notice
tion directly after a line trip. Proper actions
can immediately be arranged to shorten the
outage time and restore electricity and full
network availability.
In addition, protection engineers are using
E_wineve to analyze all generated distur-
bance records, making good use of the highly
flexible evaluation and calculation features.
This leads to a better understanding of com-
plex effects in the network, weak spots in the
network are detected and settings are accu-
rately adjusted or protection schemas are
improved, which in the long-term results in a
decreasing number of faults. Therefore higher
reliability of the network is achieved.
The short report, generated by E_wineve
contains precise fault location and informa-
tion about the fault type. This reduces eco-
nomic impact of outages since the repair team
can reach the faulted section of line faster.
This reduces the time to put the line back into
service.
Seen in the long-term, E_wineve increases
the reliability of the power network and mini-
mises the damage resulting from faults in
transmission and distribution systems and in
power generation systems. This can be
achieved using the strong and user-friendly
analyzing functions of E_wineve. Calcula-
tions can easily be programmed using the
point and click icons. Related disturbance
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module
Utility Automation Systems
for Power System Monitoring
User benefits (cont’d) records can be merged and many other func-
tions can be applied to analyze disturbance
records. Using this information the protection
engineer will uncover secondary effects in the
Application The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation
system can be used to evaluate disturbances
recorded in the following devices:
• Dedicated disturbance recorders
- ABB INDACTIC 650
• Integrated disturbance recorders
- ABB protection devices
• 3rd party dedicated disturbance recorders
• 3rd party integrated disturbance recorders
- protection devices.
E_wineve can handle various standard and
proprietary file formats of the disturbance
recording, for example:
Functions E_wineve has a number of functions and fea-
tures tailored to the needs and requirements
of the user:
• Visualization/display
• Merging of two disturbance record files
• Automatic fault location with automatic
printout of the "short fault report"
• Manual fault location
• Display and printout of the signal vectors
• Application-specific mathematical calcu-
lation of the waveforms
• Information regarding pre-fault, fault and
post-fault conditions
• Time calculation based on the values of the
digital signals
• Selective printing of fault reports
• Data base and statistical analysis of the
fault location, fault types.
Visualization/display
• In the file open menu selection of the dis-
turbance files to be displayed as per spe-
cific period of day, month or year
• On-screen analysis support by means of:
- simultaneous display of several distur-
bance record files
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power system and might optimize the settings
of his assets, which results in a more robust
power network.
• COMTRADE IEEE C 37.111 - 1991
• ABB proprietary formats
- INDACTIC format
- EVE format
- REVAL format.
The E_wineve system can run on Microsoft
Windows 2000 or Windows NT computer for
evaluation and analysis of faults in the fol-
lowing areas:
• Distribution, transmission and sub-trans-
mission levels
• Power supply of industrial plants and the
auxiliary supply of power plants
• Power generation systems, generator,
transformer and transmission protection
systems.
- cursor lines that can be positioned to a
numeric time value
- zooming in/zooming out the interesting
part of a display by expanding the ampli-
tude and/or time axis
- display of individual signals or grouping
of several signals on one time axis, e.g.
all voltages on the same horizontal axis
• Selection of the colors for each of the ana-
log and digital signals from the standard
MS office color palette
• User-customized view settings, for exam-
ple amplitude size, axis height, signal col-
ors, time axis zoom, can be stored into 10
so-called user profile layouts
• Opening the disturbance record file in the
- ABB Indactic EVE format
- COMTRADE file format IEEE C37.111-
1991
- REVAL format
• Saving the disturbance record file in
- the Indactic EVE format
- the COMTRADE file format IEEE
C37.111-1991
• Printout of the disturbance record file on
commercially available color printers or
plotters
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring
• Each individual oscillograph can be copied
to another MS Windows program or office
application via the clipboard, thus making
Fig. 1 Visualization / display of a fault record
Merging of two disturbance record files
The merge function allows the combination
of data for the same fault, which has been
recorded by different acquisition units. This
results in a new data set with selected
measurements from an extended area that can
be used for further analysis by additional
functions, such as power analysis calculation
and fault location.
• Merging of different recorded fault data
for in-depth analysis
• Automatic synchronization of both data
sets, i.e. the time axes of both data sets are
made to correspond exactly within
<0.1 ms with regard to the event e.g. in a
1½ breaker scheme
• Merging based on time or on the basis of a
common signal in both files
• Free selection of signals to be combined
• Storage of the new, combined data set for
further processing.
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the documentation of fault records an easy
task (copy and insert bit maps).
Fault location
The purpose of fault location is to determine
fast and automatically the distance of the
fault from the substation and to print the
results in the form of a "short fault report", an
easy to read one-page report containing all
facts. The fault location algorithm produces
accurate results even for high-impedance
short circuits between lines or to earth. Line
parameters entered by the user are utilized for
the fault location calculation.
• Automatically triggered fault location with
an accuracy of better than 2% of the dis-
tance to fault
• Calculation of the loop impedance of the
faulted line
• Correct interpretation of short circuits to
earth, two- or three-phase short circuits,
symmetrical or asymmetrical lines, includ-
ing consideration of parallel lines
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring
Functions (cont´d) • Better accuracy of the results by means of
individual matching of input circuits, con-
sideration of mutual coupling impedance
and zero impedance, elimination of source
impedance and fault resistance influence,
and by multiple fault location calculations
using different parameters (summer/winter
etc.)
• Printout of fault history in tabular form for
use in graphical displays with typical
spreadsheet programs such as Excel; dis-
play of time, distance to fault and imped-
ance vector of the line loop.
The information printed out in the "short
report" (see Fig. 2) is the following:
• Information about the fault record
- Name of the acquisition unit recording
the disturbance
Fig. 2 "Short Fault Report"
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- Number of the acquisition device
- Date and time on the disturbance record
- Information of the line name and line
length
- The complete directory path and name
of the disturbance fault record
- Duration of the fault record
• Information regarding the trigger of the
recording
• Information regarding the disturbance and
location of the fault
- Fault type
- Fault duration
- Impedance at the fault in polar and carte-
sian format
- Distance to the fault.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring
Power analysis calculation
The power analysis calculation can be used to
derive useful data for in-depth fault analysis
by means of additional calculations and com-
bining of recorded signals. For example, the
analysis of harmonics provides a measure of
the quality of a voltage. It also permits the
calculation of the effective short-circuit pow-
er which has led to a damage of switching
elements, using the measured short-circuit
currents and voltages. The loop impedance as
a function of time (impedance and phase an-
gle) derived from the sequence of the voltage
and current is another possible calculation.
Fig. 3 Power analysis calculation functions
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• Sum, difference, multiplication and divi-
sion, average of input signals
• Pre-programmed function for calculation
- RMS values
- impedance and power vectors
- harmonic contents
- frequency deviation
• Formula editor, on-line syntax check, and
test execution of the calculation program
• Linking the stored calculation for auto-
matic execution.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring
Functions (cont´d) The power analysis calculation can be utili-
zed to calculate the polar impedance value
and the angle, and thereby to further calculate
the cartesian impedance values - the real and
imaginary values - R and jX. These values
can be exported to an Excel spreadsheet and
Fig. 4 Fault history in tabular form - exported to Excel
Expert fault reporting and time calculation
function
The expert function is an extension of the
automatic fault location system. The expert
function helps in executing additional calcu-
lations for working out the short-circuit dura-
tion as well as the line voltage and current
signal vectors. The results of such a calcula-
tion take the form of printed summaries and
text files. (See Fig. 5: Expert fault location
report).
• Fast fault summary "short fault report" -
automatically printed out and stored as a
text file
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plotted as an impedance chart, whereby the
trajectory of the fault impedance can be plot-
ted and coordinated with the setting of the
protection relay.
• A typical recording contains the short cir-
cuit time, type of fault, distance to the
fault, duration of the fault, short circuit
impedance
• Pre-fault, fault and post-fault values of the
voltages and currents, phase and angle val-
ues for the time before and after the fault
occurred, as well as after a return to nor-
mal conditions
• Application-specific analysis of digital
signals using the formula editor, e.g. ana-
lysis of digital signals taking chronological
interdependence into consideration
• Formula editor with BASIC-like syntax
• Selective printout of the fault report (see
Fig. 6).
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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Fig. 5 Expert fault location report

ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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Functions (cont´d)

Fig. 6 Selective printing of fault report and time calculation formula editor

Data base and statistical analysis - Event number, event date and time
IndBase is a data base for the management - Trigger type
and statistical analysis of fault location results
and expert analysis. Each fault that occurs is - Fault distance, fault duration, fault type
managed as a data set, in which the most im- • Extended search functions in data base,
portant values are stored. query on the following (see Fig. 8):
• A typical recording contains the station - Station
number and name, event number and date, - Line
trigger type and criterion, line name, type
of fault, distance to fault and fault duration - Fault type
• The records in the data base can be sorted - Date from - to
out in ascending or descending order based - Fault distance
on 4 priority levels of sorting keys. The - Fault duration
keys can be selected from any of the fol-
lowing attributes (see Fig. 7): - Fault trigger types
- Disturbance record, fault location report, • File administration with editing function
directory path and file names for adding/deleting records, and storing the
configuration data for output of the records
- Station number, station name and line
of the data base on screen (see Fig. 9)
name
• Data export as text file.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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Fig. 7 Sort function of the expert data base

Fig. 8 Search function of the records in the data base

ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
for Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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Functions (cont’d)

Fig. 9 Configuration of the on-screen output of the disturbance records

Variants / The E_wineve evaluation system is available

packages in the following variants:

1. RelView
2. Professional
Expert
Statistical
Analysis
3. Expert

Expert
Time
Fault
Calculation
Reporting
Professional

Power Power
Fault Fault
Analysis Analysis
Location Location
Calculation Calculation
RelView

Visualization/ Visualization/ Visualization/

Merge Merge
Display Display Display

Fig. 10 Variants / Packages of E_wineve

RelView
The RelView variant is the basic entry level
of the E_wineve. The functionality comprises
the display/view of the fault records, analog
and digital signals.
Professional
The Professional variant provides advanced
functionality in addition to the features avail-
able with the RelView variant.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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The advanced functionalities are: Expert

• automatic or manual fault location - "short
fault report"
• merge of two or more fault recorders into a
new file
• batch-mode: disturbance record file oscil-
lography - analog and digital signals - is
automatically printed out
• power analysis calculation.
Any desired power analysis calculation can
be programmed and the values can be dis-
played as a function of time, along with the
original analog and digital signals. The calcu-
lated signals are stored along with the origi-
nal signals.
The Expert variant is an advanced extension
of the Professional variant, and provides
functionality for quick overview and analysis,
and statistical information of system-wide
faults in the transmission and distribution net-
work.
The additional functionality comprises the
selective printout of the fault location report,
calculation of the operating times of the
switchgear and the protection equipment.
In addition all the system-wide fault reports
can be stored in the data base and evaluated
as per user-specific search and sort criteria.

Ordering Description SW variant License type Ordering number

information Software installation CD all all 1MRB260034R0099
License key RelView Single-user 1MRB260034R0001
Professional Single-user 1MRB260034R0011
Professional Multi-user license 1MRB260034R0012
Expert Single-user license 1MRB260034R0021
Expert Multi-user license 1MRB260034R0022
30-day Trial license key Expert Single-user On request:
SA-LEC-Support@ch.abb.com
User manual ENGLISH 1MRB520290-Uen
GERMAN 1MRB520290-Ude

Remarks:
• This data sheet considers E_wineve version 1.0 to 1.4 of software suite Power System Moni-
toring PSM V1.0 to PSM V1.4.
• The successor of the software described here is PSM 505, V1.5. See Chapter “Other relevant
documents”.
ABB Switzerland Ltd Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module E_wineve
Utility Automation Systems
for Power System Monitoring 1MRB520153-Ben
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Technical data Hardware platform and operating system Minimum requirements:

Intel Pentium - 333 MHz CPU
128 MBytes RAM
100 MBytes storage for SW (disturbance files and
fault report files not included)
CD-ROM drive
Keyboard, Mouse
Monitor resolution 1024 by 768 pixels with 65535
colors
Operating system:
Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 WS SP 5
Microsoft Windows 2000 SP3
Microsoft Windows XP
Application software E_wineve RelView
Professional
Expert
Languages English, German
Fault / disturbance record file formats Indactic EVE formats (Indactic 65/650)
RE.216/316*4 EVE format
REB500 COMTRADE format
COMTRADE (IEEE C37.111-1991)
REVAL format
Functions Event display: value cursor
time cursors
time scaling
grouping of signals
individual color
multi-event display
Calculations: arithmetic operations
(+, -, *, /)
trigonometric operations (sine, cosine)
harmonics (vector and angle)
impedance (vector and angle)
power (power vector)
distortion
true RMS
phase angle
frequency deviation
Fault location: automatic mode(distance protocol)
distance to fault as a table (distance and
impedance)

Other relevant Indactic 650 - Fault Recording System for Professional Fault Analysis 1MRB520255-Ben
documents SMS 530 - Substation Monitoring System 1MRB520268-Ben
IT
Inform Power System Monitoring
PSM 505 - Stand-alone Fault Analysis and Evaluation Tool 1MRB520376-Ben

ABB Switzerland Ltd

Utility Automation Systems
Brown-Boveri-Strasse 6
CH-5400 Baden/Switzerland
Tel. +41 58 585 77 44
Fax +41 58 585 55 77
E-mail: substation.automation@ch.abb.com

www.abb.com/substationautomation

Printed in Switzerland (0308-0400-0)