I/you/we/they Have I/you/we/they have not worked Have I/you/we/they worked?
(I’ve worked) (haven’t worked) He/she/it Has worked He/she/it has not worked Has he/she/it worked? He’s worked) (hasn’t worked)
When do we use the Present perfect? Present perfect indicators
Just : 1) For actions which happened at an indefinite time To talk about actions that happened in the past when the exact time is not important. a short time before now. These actions often have consequences in the Tom has just arrived. present. I’ve lost my keys. ( I can’t open the door ) Already: To emphasize that something 2) Recent actions where results are often visible in the happened before now, or before it present: used with key adverbs Just, already and was expected to happen. Yet. Tom has already arrived. Tom has just left. Yet: 3) Experiences “up to now” : Key adverbs Ever and With a negative verb to say that Never. something has not happened Have you ever been to New York? but we think it will happen. Tom hasn’t arrived yet. 4) For an action that began in the past and continues In questions to ask whether up to now: often used with Since and for. something that we expected to I have lived in Italy for three years. happen, has happened. Has Tom arrived yet? 5) With superlatives This is the best pizza I’ve ever had. Ever: Is used in questions and goes 6) With expressions the first time, the second time etc. between subject and main verb. This is the second time I’ve read this Have you ever travelled novel. abroad?
7) With today, this morning/afternoon/evening / Never:
year to talk about a period of time that is not yet Is used in negative statements and finished. goes between the auxiliary and the I have seen him today. verb. I have never travelled abroad. For: When we are talking about a period of time. He has lived here for 5 years Note: Been and gone Since: He’s gone to Australia ( he’s there now) When we are talking about the start He’s been to Australia ( He went there some in the of the period . past but he’s here now) He has lived here since 2005 teacher: natalie 1 For and since a) ……………. a second b) ……………….. a year c) ……………. nine o’clock d) ……………….. last Spring e) ……………. was at school f) ……………….. Christmas g) ……………. a long time h) ……………….. a few minutes i) ……………. many years j) ……………….. my birthday k) ……………. five months l) ……………….. World War two
2 Complete the sentences using the 3 Write affirmative (+) or negative (-) present perfect sentences
My father …………………. (buy) a new car. Francesca…………..(speak +) to the head
The students who……………………..(finish, teacher. already) the test , can leave. We………………(have-) lunch yet. Mum……………….(bake) a cake for the party. This is the best novel I …………..(read+) I………………….(study) all day. We …………………(see+) this film 3 times. Jane …………….( do) the washing up so we I …………….(blow-) up all the balloons yet. can go out. She…………………(photocopy+ ) the book for …………. you ………… (make) the beds? the exam. He ………………(write) 7 novels. I…………………..(pack-) my rucksack yet. They ……………….(be) to South America. We…………………(know+) them for ages.
4 Complete the dialogue using present perfect or past simple .
John: How long 1) …………………( you/know) each other? Tony: We 2)…………..(meet) three years ago. John: And when 3)……………………..(you/decide) to sing together? Sally: We 4) ……………..(begin) singing together after a few months. Tony: When we 5) ………….(start), we 6)…………………..(buy) some equipment we 7)…………………(run) out of money. Sally: It 8) ………(be) terrible. Tony: We 9)…………..(have) to borrow some money and of course we 10) …………….(not pay) it all back yet. John: But now you are quite famous and your Cd 11) ……………….( win) an award and all of your problems 12)…………………… (disappear_)
4.Complete the sentences with a word or 5 Present perfect or past simple
phrase from the box. Correct the mistakes
ago just ever for never
already still yet since a) Jack has broken his leg yesterday b) They arrived a few hours ago a) I don’t want to go in the water now I’ve ………… c) We’ve lived here since five years had lunch. d) What time has Jane phoned? b) My family has lived in this house …………. ages. e) Have you ever worked in an office? c) Sonia has ……………..skied . She hates the f) She’ s my best friend and I know her for snow. fifteen years. d) I haven’t seen john ………….. last weekend. g) I haven’t played volleyball since I was e) We’ve ……………… booked our holiday. We’re sixteen. going to the Caribbean Islands. h) Mel lived in Malaga since 1998. f) Have you ……………. worked in an office ? i) He’s gone to London twice. g) The boss hasn’t arrived …………. so we can j) I have won three awards. have a cup of coffee. k) He wrote ten bestselling novels. h) Sonia …………. hasn’t paid me the money she l) He has been married twice. owes me. m) When have you been to Rome? i) John left the school a year ……………. teacher: natalie