SPECIFICATION SHEET

IDENTIFICATION
Name of Equipment Crystallizer
Equipment Code T-1
Number Required
Capacity
Function
6.77
1

To crystallize Monosodium Glutamate from saturated

Monosodium Glutamate solution via adiabatic cooling
Operation Batch
Type Vacuum Swenson Surface-Cooled Crystallizer
Material Handled Saturated MSG solution ,MSG crystals

Operating Pressure
Temperature
1 DESIGN DATA
atm
20-30°C
Residence Time
Density 1051.95 /
2.35hrs

Design Pressure 1.55 

VESSEL DESIGN

Material of Construction
Vessel Volume
Diameter
SS – 
8.13 
SS –  316
 316

2.24 m
Height 5.42 m
Shell Thickness 4.0 mm
Head Thickness
Recirculation Rate 351.29 /ℎ
4.0 mm

COOLING SYSTEM DESIGN

Tube Design Shell Design

Fluid Handled Saturated MSG Fluid Handled Water
Solution
Mass Flow Rate 14,988.33 kg/day Mass Flow Rate 180,921.78 kg /day
Temperature 180°C 30°C Temperature 15°C 50°C
Number of 219 Shell Diameter 374 mm
Tubes
Length 3.66 m Baffle Diameter 372 mm
Outside 15.88 mm Baffle Spacing 149.6 mm
Diameter
Inside Diameter 12.22 mm
Pitch 19.84 mm
Clearance 3.97 mm
PUMP DESIGN
Pump Type Centrifugal Pump
Power Requirement 0.044 hp
 Drawing of the Crystallizer

Swenson Surface Cooled Crystallizer

Tube Arrangement

Outside Diameter = 5/8 in = 15.88 mm

Using Rotated Square Pitch

(From Plant Design and Economics by Peter and

Timmershaus)

Tube Pitch, pt = 1.25 Do = 1.25 (15.88 mm) = 19.84 mm

Clearance = 0.25 Do = 0.25 (15.88) = 3.97 mm

List of Assumptions

1. Batch Crystallization process will be employed.

2. 2 batches per day will be used.
3. 20% of the total volume of the feed is allotted as allowance for safety.
4. Using 30% of the conical vessel volume for the extension of the conical vessel on the
form of a cylinder to provide for vapor space.
5. SS –  316 will be used as material of construction fo r the vessel design of the
crystallizer.
6. Using Double Weld V –  butt with efficiency of 0.8 for the welding type.
7. 1 tube pass will be used with a Rotated Square Pitch arrangement.
8. Using 70% pump efficiency for the tube side fluid.

Design Equations:

Vessel Design

• Residence Time (Ʈ)

( Ref: ChE Hanbook, 8 th Ed, p. 18 –  47)

° °
  
Ʈ 6×× ×°
• For Vessel Volume (V)
Using 20% allowance for safety factor
V vessel = 1.2 × V Feed

• Vessel Diameter and Height

Using H = 1.5D

For Conical Vessel,

V = 0.230669 × π × 
• Hydraulic Pressure (P)
P = ρgH + 14.7
 • Maximum Stress (S)
(Ref: Eq. 4 –  1 of Process Equipment Design by Hesse and Rushton)

Sw = Sultimate + Fs + Fm + Fa + Fr

• Shell Thickness (ts)

(Ref: Eq. 4 –  7 of Process Equipment Design by Hesse and Rushton)

  + 161
  2cos
• Head Thickness (
(Ref: Eq. 4 –  10 of Process Equipment Design by Hesse and Rushton)

 + 161
  2
• Circulation Rate
(Ref:Handbook of Indutrial Crystallization by Myerson p.134)


 1.5∆
Heat Exchanger Design

Heat Transfer Equation

•

∆
∆  (, ,(,) (,,) , )
(, , )
 Richardson)

C. Pump Design

• Power
 ×
 3.67×10
(Ref: Equation, 10- 51Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th Ed)

• Circulation Rate

 1.5°∆
(Ref: p. 134Handbook of Industrial Crystallization by Myerson)
Vessel Design

From Solubility of MSG

Solubility of MSG = 0.10-0.9106 g/mL

• Density of MSG crystals = 1618 kg/m3

www.chemicalland21.com/lifescience/foco/MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE.html

• MSG liquid density = 680 kg/m3

https://www.merckmillipore.com/INTL/en/product/Sodium-L-glutamate-
monohydrate,MDA_CHEM-
106445?ReferrerURL=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F&bd=1

From Material Balance

Basis : 1 day operation

Component Mass (kg/day) Density (kg/m3) Volume (m3 /day)

MSG Crystals 3,322.91 1618 2.05

MSG liquid 1,173.59 680 1.73

Water 9,757.40 998.23 9.77

Total 14,253.90 13.55

Average Density

    14,13.253.5590kg 1051.95   kg  65.67  

 Nuclei Population Density

( Ref: Temperature Effects on the Crystallization Kinetics of Size Dependent Systems in a

Continuous Mixed Suspensions Mixed Product Removal Crystallizer))

° °
Where:     ./ ∙
 ℎ   /
B° = 1.54x106 crystals / m 3-sec

G = 2.4x10-8 m/sec

° 1.2.54410 6.4210 

10− 
Drawdown Time (Retention Time)

 6××
  ×°
Ʈ 
ƮRetention Time
Where:

   
 . 1   
    /
     ./ 
4√ 
6  1  1051.
1618 9 5
 6.421013
Ʈ 2.4108 8445.42sec≈2.35 ℎ
Operating Time

 Number of Batch per Day: 2

  2 ℎ 2.3 5 hours

Residence Time: 2.35 hours

 1 ℎ 4.70 ℎ

×
 1     
    ,.  × 2 ℎ × 1051.95 6.77 ℎ
  6.77
Vessel Capacity

Using 20% allowance for safety factor,

 1.2 () 6.77 
Volume of the vessel = 1.2( ) =8.13

Vessel Diameter and Height

For Conical Vessel,

1. 5 
0.230699
+   ×  × ×  +  × ℎ
× × 
 0.230699 × ×  8.13 
  8.13 
  × 0.230699
= 2.24= 17..5 2.34243.36  11.02 
(88.13 in)

Extension of the conical vessel in the form of a cylinder is provided for vapor space.
Using 30% of the conical vessel volume,
Volume of the Vessel Extension 0. 38.132.44
For Cylinder Vessel

  2.24 

  × ×   8.13 
Total Height
 2.06 
  +
 3.36 +2.06 5.42 17.79 
Material Specification

Material of Construction: SS316

Welding Type : Double Welded V –  Butt
Efficiency : 0.80
Corrosion Allowance : 1/16 inch

Hydraulic Pressure

  + /  
22.14.871+65. 6 7 / 17.79 

  1 )
 1.55 
Working Stress

For SS –  316 Grade of Steel

(Ref: Chemical Engineering Handbook, 8 th Ed., Table 25 – 
15,p.25-39)
Tensile Strength: 560 MPa (80,061.11 psi)
 . + + + +
(Ref: Process Equipment Design by Hesse and Rushton, p.81)
Where;
Fm =100% for grade A high tensile strength carbon steel

Fr   = 100% for plate thickness of the shell head at any welded

.
 joints do not exceed 5/4 in

 100%  ℎ 

 25%     650
(Table 4 –  2 of Process Equipment Design by Hesse and Rushton)
 Equation 4 –  1 of PED by Hesse and Rushton
 . + + + +
 81,243.52 ×1.0 ×1.0×1.0×0.25
 20310.88  140 
Vessel Thickness

(Ref: Eq. 4 –  7 of PED by Hesse and Rushton, API  –  ASME

code)
API –  ASME CODE:
A = ½ of included cone angle =
 30
Thickness of the shell is the same with the thickness of the

  2 + 161
cone

22.81  88.81830.8 + 161 

  2cos3020310.
 0.13 3.302  ≈4.0 
Head Thickness ( 
Using Ellipsoidal Head,
(Equation 4 –  10, p.87 of Process Equipment Design by

  2  + 161
 Hesse and Rushton, ASME –  UPV code)

22.88180.
  220310. 88.8122.
3 81 + 161 
 0.12  3.16 4 
Both shell and head thickness of the vessel is 4.0 mm
Cooling System Design

Design Calculations for Heat Exchanger

From Energy Balances

Amount of Heat, Q = 26,646,159.08kJ

Cooling Water Mass Flow = 180,921.78 kg

Design Operation:

Operation: 2 Batches per Day

Residence Time: 2.35 hour

Heat Transfer Equation: ∆

Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference

Slurry Cooling Water

Temperature in (0C) 180 15
Temperature out (0C) 30 50

∆  ∆∆∆
 ∆
∆  18030 5015
18030
ln | 5015 | 79. 0 2 

1   2.13ℎ
 26,646,159.08kJ× 2 ℎ 
5 ℎ ℎ 5, 6 69,395.5 5  1, 5 74, 8 32. 0 97 

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
 Overall Heat transfer coefficient of shell and tube heat

⁄ ∙°
exchanger wherein Cold fluid =Water and Hot Fluid = Organic Solvent is from 250 to 750

(Ref: Chemical Engineering Vol. 6, 4 th Ed. By Coulson and Richardson, Table 12.1 p. 637)

 250+750
2  500 ⁄ ∙° ,    
Heat Transfer Area

   ∆
74,832.097  
   500 ⁄ ∙°79. 02
,5
  39.86  
= 429.05

Tube Side Design:

Fluid Handled :Saturated Solution of MSG

Mass Flow Rate :14,253.90 kg/day

Mass Flow Rate

Mass Flow Rate kg/s  14,253.90  × 2ℎ

1  × 2.135ℎ × 1 ℎ 0.
ℎ 3600   8 4 
Volumetric Flow Rate (GPM)

  14,253.90  × 21ℎ

 × 2.135ℎ
ℎ × 1
60 ℎ
  × 11 
 × 0.264
1 
13.34gpm
Based on the available standard sizes of tubes used in shell and tube heat exchange,
Using Table 11-12 of Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th Ed, and in the assumption of

tube outside diameter is 5/8 in outside diameter and 12 ft. tube length.

Tube Size and Layout

Material of Construction : J9290

Outside Diameter : 5/8 in.

BWG No. : 15

Inside Diameter : 0.481 in.

Thickness : 0.072 in.

Length : 12 ft.

 Number of Tubes

  
  ××
429.0 5 
  12 ×× 5 × 1 
8 12 
 219 
Pitch Type:

Rotated Square Pitch

 ℎ,
 1.25 1.2558 × 2.514 × 101 19.84 
,
0. 25 0.25 58 × 2.514 × 101 3.97 
(Reference for the Tube Pitch and Clearance: Chemical Engineering Design by Coulson and

 Richardson, 4th Ed. Table 12.4)

Pressure Drop
(Ref: Equation 12.18 p.666 Chemical Engineering Vol. 6, 4 th
 Edition by Coulson and Richardson)
  
Δ8  2 


Evaluating for  , Viscosity of Solution mostly MSG = 56.7 MPa –  s

(Ref:
www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/sumaaries/;actacid/c13462rd.pdf)

Velocity, ut

     0.84 

  ××   ×0.0122 ×1,051.75  ×219 0.0313 
4 
Reynolds Number

 × × 0.0122 0.0313 
 1, 0 51. 7 5 
  
   
 
0.0000567 ∙
  7083
From Fig. 12.24 p. 668 of Chemical Engineering Vol. 6, 4th Ed. By Coulson and Richardson

  0.048

Therefore:

  
Δ8  2 

 3.6576 
Δ80.0480.0102  0.0313 
   1051.95 
   
2
Δ70.95 
Shell Side Design

Fluid Handled : Water

Mass Flow Rate : : 180,921.78 kg

Mass Flow Rate

Mass Flow Rate (kg/s) = 180,921.78

 × 
 × . ×  
   = 10.69 
Bundle Diameter

  0.01588 0.76215,  0.227 

(Ref:Equation 12.3 b, p. 648; Chemical Engineering Design, 4th Ed, by Coulson and
Richardson)
Where:
Db =bundle diameter
do= tube outside diameter
 NT = number of tubes

For no. of passes =1; Square Rotated Pitch

K1 = 0.215
n1 = 2.207

(Ref: Table 12.4, p.649; Chemical Engineering Design, 4th Ed, by Coulson and Richardson)

  0.01588 0.219215,  0.366 

Shell Diameter
   +2
 0.366 +20.00397 
 0.374   =14.72 in

Baffle Diameter and Spacing

For pipe shells with shell diameter of 6 to 25 in (152 to 635 mm), equation of Baffle Diameter to

 be used:

    

 371.9    (in between the range of 152 to 635 mm, therefore, the equation above for

computing Baffle Diameter is suitable)

 14.72  161 

 14.66 0.372 
(Ref: Table 12.5, page 651;Chemical Engineering Design, 4 th Ed, Coulson and Richardson)

According to Coulson and Richardson, “the optimum baffle spacing will usually be between 0.3

to 0.5 times the shell diameter.”

Using the average percentage baffle spacing:

0.3+0.2 5 0.40
 0.400.374 
 0.1496
Pressure Drop
   
∆ 8  2
 

Where: L= tube length

IB= Baffle Spacing

For the calculated shell-side Reynold’s number, read the JF from Figure 12.29

(Ref: Equation 12.26, p. 675,Chemical Engineering Design, 4 th Ed, by Coulson and Richardson)

Area for cross flow, As

    

   0.01984 0.015875 0.
0.01984  3 740. 1 496  0. 0 11 

Velocity, µ s

  
10.6 9 
  1000   ×0.011 

 0.956 
Evaluating diameter, De,

  .  0.785

 for rotated square pitch

(Ref: Equation 12.22, p.672;Chemical Engineering Design, 4 th Ed, by Coulson and Richardson)

1.27  [0.0198  0.7850.015875 ]0.0157 

  0.015875
Evaluating JF :

⁰
Viscosity of water at 27 C is 0.82 cP.

(Ref: Perry’s Chemical Engineerin Handbook, 8th Edition)

  ××
0.956  ×0.0157
   8.2×10−  ×1000 
∙
 18,304.53
(Ref: From Fig 12.29, p. 673, Chemical Engineering Design, 4 th Ed, by Coulson and Richardson)

Choose, 25 % Baffle Cut

JF= 2.75x10-3

Therefore:

  
∆ 8  2
 

0.374 3.6576  1000
∆ 82.75x10  0.0157 0.1496  2
−

  0.956 m 
∆ 5844.24 
A. Pump Design

Δ70.95 
∆ 5844.24 
 ∆ <∆
The pump design will be based on the pressure drop on the shell side. According to Coulson and

Richardson, fluid with lowest pressure drop should be allocated to the tube side. Pressure drop to

5844.24 
 be used for the pump design is Capacity

6. 7 7  × 21ℎ

   × 2.13ℎ
5 ℎ

1. 44 ℎ 
Pressure Head, H

 ∆
 5844. 24  5.56 ∙
1,051.95  
Power

×
 3.67×10
(Ref: Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th Ed, Equation 10-51)

5.46 ∙
 1. 4 4 
ℎ 1, 0 51. 9 5 
  
 3.67×10×0.70
0.03 0.044 ℎ
Available Motor Size is 0.05 hp.

Circulation Rate


 1.5℃
(Ref: Handbook of Industrial Crystallization by Myerson p. 134)

From Energy Balance:

 26,646,159.08kJ  × 21ℎ
 × 2.13ℎ
5 ℎ 5, 6 69, 3 95. 5 5 
ℎ
From Energy Balance:

4,496.50 0.91 4,076.53

10,491.83 4.18 43,855.85
14,987.33

47,9 32. 38
 14,987.33 k℃g 47,932.38

3.198 ℃∙ 
5,669,395.
 1.5℃3.198 ℃∙ 55 
ℎ  
 1,051.95 351.29 ℎ