Dubrovnik, Croatia, South East Europe

20-22 May, 2013

Cisco Evolved
Packet Core

Gennady Sirota
Vice President
Mobile Internet Technology Group
© 2012
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 1
What Do All These Things Have In Common?

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2

Key Takeaways / Summary
Global Mobile Data Traffic
By 2017, mobile data traffic will reach 11.2 EBs/month (134 EBs annually).
In 2012, mobile data traffic grew 70% (YoY).
Global Mobile Traffic Offload
In 2012, 33% of mobile traffic was offloaded; by 2017, 46% will be offloaded.

Global Mobile Cloud

In 2012, cloud was 74% of mobile data traffic; will be 84% by 2017.

Global Mobile Video

By 2017, over 66% of the world’s mobile data traffic will be video.

Global Mobile Network Speeds

Mobile connection speeds doubled in 2012; will increase 7-fold by 2017.
By 2017, 4G will account for 10% of connections, but 45% of mobile traffic.
Global Mobile Devices/Connections
By 2017, there will be more than one mobile connection (10.3B) for every member
of the world’s population (7.6B).

Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2012–2017

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3
 How Far operators in
commercially
Have subs
WW by CY16 Y/E countries are
deployed NWs in

We investing
units sold in
the 1st weekend
Come? countries

Source: GSA, Informa telecoms & media, Enga

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4

 1200-1300
Average Monthly Data MB/month
Consumption
The Impact of LTE

2-3x

450-550
MB/month
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Sources: Internal, Validas
Cisco Confidential 5
Average Mobile User—Traffic per Month Global Mobile Data Traffic Growth: 4G

2012 2017 4%
10 2-2.5G
3-3.5G

Exabytes per Month

8 4G

201 MB 2.0 GB 51%

Traffic/month Traffic/month 6

1 Hour of 10 Hour of
Video Video 4
2 Hours of 15 Hours of
Audio Audio 2 45%
10%
1 Video call 5 Video call
76%
14%
0
1 App 15 App 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Download Download
4G Will Be 10% of Connections and 45%
of Traffic in 2017

6
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2012–2017
 The MOBILE MOBILE Your MOBILE
Internet Way Experiences

“Not fixed in “My Device, Apps “Any-screen

Time or Space” and Services” Content”

• Mobile Web to
overtake
• 1,400 Apps added • Mobile Data up
desktop usage
to Android per Day 18x by 2016
by 2015
• 5+ Billion Subs • 95% of employers • Video to be 70%
by 2015 allow some BYOD of traffic by 2016

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7

 Mobility “Your Way”

Data Cap
Reached

BYOD

90%

Internet of
Lifestyle Devices App Freedom Everything
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8
 Apps for All

Internet of
Lifestyle Devices App Freedom Everything
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9
50% 70% Growth
Unpredictable
Growth in Signaling
Signaling
in Concurrent from the
Becomes
Subscriber2011Norm
Sessions

3M Subscribers

Voice Data Roaming Keep alive 1M Subscribers

Signaling Signaling Signaling Signaling

100s of signals
in minutes
Phone Call Browser Phone in Motion Multiple Apps by one user

Unpredictable
Lifestyle Devices App Freedom Internet of Things
Signaling
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10
 Old Normal New Normal

People People and Things

User
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Access
Voice and Data Experiences
Services
Predictable Unpredictable
Traffic
Static Elastic
Architecture

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11

Multi-dimensional Elasticity

3G Bearer Sessions

4G Signaling Transactions

Small Cell Services Throughput

Lifestyle Devices App Freedom Internet of Everything

3G to 4G & WiFI Unpredictable Signaling Machine to Machine to Human

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12

 One Network, Any G, Any Screen
Powerful
Performance
WiFi,
Femto
ASR 5000/5500
Series
Highly
Intelligent

2.5G
3G
Reliable

World’s #1 for
4G 3G & 4G Service Flexible
Providers

Single Platform for all Control and Bearer Plane Functions

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 19
Intelligent Performance for Mobile Packet Core
ASR 5000/5500
Competitive Optimized for Throughput,
platforms Transactions, and Density
optimized for
bandwidth
Bandwidth

Competitive
platforms
optimized
only for
transactions

Transaction Processing
Superior Performance = Throughput + Transactions + Density

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20

 Virtualized Software Architecture

SCM SGW
Software Inline GGSN
SGSN
Functions Services
SeGW
MME
HA PGW
StarOS PDSN ASN GW

Hardware Performance and

Platforms Scalability
Cisco® ASR 5000 Cisco ASR 5500

• Software functions work across multimedia core platforms.

Cisco ASR • Platform decision is based on performance, not function.
5000 Series
• All multimedia core platforms support EPC, 3G, etc.
Multimedia
• Product line is optimized for maximum performance & capital efficiency
Core Platforms

©
C97-708676-00
2013 Cisco and/or
© 2012
its affiliates.
Cisco and/or
All rights
its affiliates.
reserved. All rights reserved. 21
 Four Dimensions of Scale
Scalability Elastic non-bladed, distributed Architecture

No HW or SW Single point of failure

Redundancy Stateful Session Recovery and ICSR
Resiliency No End user session impact due to failures
Designed for world-class, mission critical app.
One Network, Any G, Any Screen – Single platform for all
control and Bearer plane services
Flexibility Service Abstraction – Single “logical entity” regardless of
number of instances
Linux-based OS provides virtualized mobile
Road to gateway services
GW services implemented as virtualized
Virtualization Application level tasks
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 22
Common Core Independent of Access Technologies
Stateful Content P2P
ECS
Firewall Filtering Detection

2G SGSN
2.5G,
2G/3G/4G PCEF Data
SGSN GGSN
3G Center
MME/
SGSN
3G SGSN
Unified
RAN GGSN/
PGW/SGW IP Core Internet
4G
MME
Small
Cell PGW PCEF
Gateway
SGW (WiFi, Integrated DPI and PCEF
Femto) Intelligence
Integration
Seamless
Flexibility
The Onlytoof
enables
UserSGSN
HighExp
provide
WiFi, lowers TCO (40% OpEx),
& In-line
MME
through services
Reduces
Performance
SeamlessFemto directly
Control
Gateway
Evolution
Integrated
Femto simplifies the network,
and Messages/Cost
on to
the
Secure
2G/3G/4Gplatform
WiFi
LTE/4G 30%
Access
SGSN
and ensures accuracy

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23

 Industry leading SAU/Transaction processing
Scalability capacity in lowest footprint in the industry
Integrated 2G/3G and S4-SGSN
2G/3G Link Management perf. Improvements
Network Overload Protection
Signaling Attach Rate Throttling, Deactivation-throttling,
Management Prohibit Reattach Timer
Overload and Congestion Management
Extensive Operator Policy - Network Sharing Features
Operational In-built debugging/tracing tools
Differentiators Event Logging Enhancements
GTP Interface Delay Monitoring
SGSN Pooling Gb/Iu Flex architecture support
Reliability/ NPU Fast path and Direct Tunnel support
Deployment flexibility - services sized according to
Flexibility resource usage for multi-access combos
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24
 Field proven performance in real world call models
Scalability High Transaction processing – manages
unpredictable app behavior causing network overload

Field proven interworking with majority of billing/policy systems

Integration Custom Dictionaries to enable easy integration
Flexibility Extensive IP Address Management Support (Ipv4, V6, v4v6 –
DHCP, Radius ..)

Corporate Access Methods – IPSec, L2TP, VLAN, MPLS

Enterprise VRF/APN Scalability Improvements
Feature Set Mobile Router/Network Mobility (NeMO) Feature set

Policy and Analytics Integration

Service M2M Feature set
Creation Application Detection and Control

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 25

 Common Misconception Warning!
MME MUST be Provided by Radio Provider

• Single Vendor EPC is a Myth

• 21 MME wins

• Deployed over 50 ASR5Ks worldwide

• Around 5M+ live subscribers and

significantly growing
• Combo SGSN+MME is desired deployment
option

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 26

 Industry leading superior performance in a single
Scalability chassis - 8M PDN’s/24M bearers
Up to 32K attached eNB’s per MME chassis
Intelligent/Heuristics Paging
Signaling Attach Rate Throttling / Diameter Throttling
Management Congestion Control Mechanisms
TAI List Management

Inter-access combo and signaling optimizations

Network Extensive Operator Policy - Network Sharing Features
Optimization Configurable Cause Code Mapping

Scalable CSFB and SrVCC feature offering

Reliability/ MSC/VLR Pooling – SCTP Enhancements
MME Pooling
Flexibility Load balancing/ re-balancing features
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 27
 Field proven performance in all dimensions of
Scalability scalability
Collocated S/PGW Optimizations

Paging Improvements for IMSR

Signaling Congestion Control Mechanisms
Management Gn Throttling
Overcharging Protection

Integrated WiFi architecture

Service Policy and Analytics
Creation VoLTE – IMS integration

Reliability/ Gx-Gy Enhanced Failure Handling

SGW Operator Policy and Virtual APN Features
Flexibility Support for NextGen Enterprise offering (End-to-End v6)
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 28
ASR 5000 Intelligence, Efficiency and Integration Internet

AAA and PCRF

Distribution Center

Data Center/
Cloud
All Flows
Intelligence (DPI)
Policy Assignment
Video
2% of Flows Optimization
Cisco ASR 5000
GGSN/HA/PGW Content
Mobile Video Gateway Adaption
Video flows are Engine (CAE)
redirected by ASR 5000
• 2% of flows make up majority of bits to optimization cloud
others to the Internet
• Optimizes 50% to 75%
• Centralized Cloud architecture provides scale speed of deployment and low TCO
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 29
ASR 5000 Intelligence, Efficiency and Integration Internet

AAA and PCRF

Distribution Center • Video pacing: Reduce unwatched

video downloads

• Deep Packet Inspection (DPI):

Data Center/
Detect video traffic Cloud
All Flows
Intelligence (DPI) • Video traffic steering: Steer only
Policy Assignment video traffic into video solution to
reduce load Video
2% of Flows Optimization
Cisco ASR 5000
GGSN/HA/PGW Content
Mobile Video Gateway Adaption
Engine (CAE)

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 30

ASR 5000/5500 Intelligence, Efficiency and Integration
Internet

AAA and PCRF

• Centralized real-time on-demend
transcoding

• Formats supported: Technology

Distribution Center
supports: Flash, MP4, RTMP,
Quicktime, Silverlight, HTML5,
…more Data Center/
Cloud
All Flows
• Delivers optimal versions of video
Intelligence
based (DPI) profile, user
on device
Policyand
policy, Assignemnt
network conditions
Video
TPO 2% of Flows Optimization
• Centralized
Cisco ASRoffline
5000 transcoding
andGGSN/HA/PGW
transrating / External Cache Content
Mobile
(Future)Video Gateway Adaption
Engine (CAE)

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 31

 Video / Data

Video Pacing

Video
25% Reduction of up to 25% in video traffic Pacing Video Tsunami

App App

OS OS

Data Center

Mobile Backhaul IP Core

UE
(e)NB
Internet

• Superior user experience

• Superior mobile bandwidth utilization
• Solutions for both data and video
• In-line capabilities reduce OpEx 25+% over external solutions
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 32
 Common Core Across Access Technologies

BTS GERAN
ASR 5x00 series
SGSN

NodeB UTRAN
3G

HSGW

eHRPD eHRPD
Non-3GPP
Access S1-MME

Evolved Packet Core

4G
MME SGW PGW
eNodeB E-UTRAN
eWAG/Femto GW/TTG/SaMOG

WiFi /
Femto / WiFi/Femto/ Not a dedicated “LTE Radio” core
Untrusted Other
Most operators target a common core
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 33
 Enhanced Peer
to Content Mobile Traffic
Charging Optimization
Peer Filtering Firewall
& NAT

SPI + DPI Signatures URL Rating MN:MN Video

Billing Internet:MN

AAA, PCRF, OCS

Local Pulled RADIUS or Pushed
DIAMETER
(Gx, Gy)

Charging Enrich Header Set Next Hop/NAT Reporting

Pass/Drop QoS Marking Rate Control

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 36
Integrated Intelligence
Traditional Multi-chassis Solution
Load Balancers
Monetize

Legacy Mobile
Gateway

Deep Packet Inspection,

Enhanced Charging
NAT P2P
Detection
Optimize

Cisco ASR 5000 Solution IP Network

Intelligent
In-Line Services

 Enhanced Charging  Header Enrichment

 Content Filtering
Secure
 Subscriber Firewall/NAT
 Intelligent Traffic Control  Mobility Unified Reporting
 Video Detection  Deep Packet Inspection
and Optimization  P2P Detection

Increase Network Intelligence and Service Velocity,

Reduce CAPEX and OPEX
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 37
 Massive signaling increase

NodeB RNC
SGSN GGSN

PDN/
Internet

RNC RNC functions migrated to eNB and EPC

• NB signalling aggregation -> MME (e.g. paging fan
out, intra LTE HO)
• NB user plane aggregation -> SGW (e.g. intra
LTE HO)

MME • User plan ciphering -> eNB

eNodeB
• NAS signalling ciphering -> MME

PGW

PDN/
Internet

SGW
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 38
One Size Does Not Fit All
Distributed
MME+SGSN +
Internet eWAG
2.5G 2.5G Internet
Centralized
Centralized
SGSN+GGSN
SGW+PGW
3G IP Backbone MME+SGW+ 3G IP Backbone
+GGSN
PGW+eWAG

LTE LTE
Distributed
MME+SGSN+
eWAG

Distributed
MME+SGSN Distributed
eWAG+GGSN Internet SGW+PGW+ Internet
+SGW+PGW eWAG
Internet
2.5G 2.5G
Distributed
MME+SGSN Centralized
3G IP Backbone eWAG+GGSN MME
3G IP Backbone
+SGW+PGW

LTE Distributed LTE

MME+SGSN Distributed
eWAG+GGSN Internet SGW+PGW+ Internet
+SGW+PGW eWAG

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 40

 Today’s typical deployments
Separate SGSN and GGSN
CPU Memory

• SGSN and GGSN on the same High

Capacity Network Element

GGSN
Resources required
• Better usage of resources

SGSN
• Reduce CAPEX, OPEX, Training,
Spares, OA&M, Charging complexity,
Footprint
• HW usage optimization
Combined SGSN and
GGSN

•More than 30% HW savings for a large CPU Memory

Northern European carrier

Resources required

S&G-GSN
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 41
 Active ASR5x00 Standby ASR5x00
• Session recovery for common services
- Software task recovery time is 2 seconds or less Redundancy
• Carrier grade architecture
Protocol
- Any terminated task will be restarted
- State will be recovered/verified via consistency audits
• NEBS Level 3 certification
• 99.9999% reliability (6 nines)
• Stateful inter-chassis redundancy
- Nodal redundancy due to catastrophic failures
- Power outages, fiber cuts, loss of routing table
- SW upgrades across major software versions

ASR5x00

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 44

Work Anywhere on Anything
EPC:
Policy, DPI,
Charging, &
Content
Increase
Filter
Work Play ARPU
Up to 20%

Small Cell
Gateway

Build
Customer
Loyalty

Security:
ePDG &
IPSec
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 49
Elasticity Accelerates New Business Opportunities

Quantum™ Software Suite

Orchestration Abstraction

Analytics and Policy Suites

SON for Mobile SON for IP/MPLS

CRS-3 CRS-3
UCS Prime
Elastic Network Infrastructure
CDE-420

Quantum™ Software Suite

IP Core Data Center Videoscape
Unity
ASR 5500 ASR 9006 ASR 9006 ASR 5000

Elastic Elastic
IP Edge
Packet Core Packet Core

ASR 903 ASR 903

Mobile
ASR 901S Backhaul
WLAN Controller
Mobile WLAN Mobile
Backhaul Controller Backhaul
ASR 901

ASR 901 ASR 901

X2
3G Module 3G Small Cell Aironet 1552e Universal
for Aironet SP Wi-Fi Small Cell

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 53

 Small Cells Elastic Core and Cloud and
Backhaul Virtualization
Elastic
Network POLICY Orchestration
ANALY-
TICS

Architecture Program
the
Harvest
and
Correlate
Network Network Data
Community

Network Intelligence Is The Key Driver For Monetization

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 54
 275 Operators in More Than 75 Countries

1B Subscribers Across Mobile Packet Cores

Cisco mobile packet core powers ~50% of

worldwide LTE connections

49+ LTE Wins; 20+ live deployments

#1: EPC Market Share

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Winner of 2013 Best LTE Core Network Award 55
 Thank You

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 56

Unique Conditions Affect Each Region’s Mobile Data Traffic
Avg. Mobile
Mobile Data
# of Mobile # of Mobile # of Users Speed
Region Traffic
Users Devices/M2M 2GB/Month Increase/4G
Growth
Connections

2.8B users 5.2B connects 593M 2GB users +57% faster 5.3 EBs/Mo
Asia Pacific
+5% +9% +82% +77% 4G +76%

Central & 342M users 785M connects 106M 2GB users +54% faster 845 PBs/Mo
Eastern Europe +1% +6% +102% +124% 4G +66%

494M users 940M connects 116M 2GB users +62% faster 723 PBs/Mo
Latin America
+2% +6% +105% +175% 4G +67%

Middle East & 849M users 1.6B connects 150M 2GB users +68% faster 861 PBs/Mo
Africa +5% +7% +218% +179% 4G +77%

316M users 841M connects 146M 2GB users +41% faster 2.1 EBs/Mo
North America
+2% +13% +37% +53% 4G +56%

380M users 954M connects 138M 2GB users +36% faster 1.4 EBs/Mo
Western Europe
+1% +10% +46% +117% 4G +50%

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2012–2017 57
 Enabling All-IP flat architecture

 Massive increase of Throughput, Signaling and Density

 Need for an architecture that optimizes the investments, taking into account
Cost of transmission / routing
Location of the Peering points
Scalability of the EPC platforms themselves
 Flat IP architecture opens new possibility for network deployment.
- Centralized versus Distributed
 True LTE subscriber profile is unknown today, Service mix is also to be
confirmed
 Holistic view must include all technologies (E.g. including WiFi, Femto, etc.)
 Re-architecting the network today to prepare LTE is a “leap of faith”

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 58

 Massive signaling increase

NodeB RNC
SGSN GGSN

PDN/
Internet

RNC RNC functions migrated to eNB and EPC

• NB signalling aggregation -> MME (e.g. paging fan
out, intra LTE HO)
• NB user plane aggregation -> SGW (e.g. intra
LTE HO)

MME • User plan ciphering -> eNB

eNodeB
• NAS signalling ciphering -> MME

PGW

PDN/
Internet

SGW
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 59
Key Benefit of Integrated, Elastic Architecture
• Single pool of CPU resources
• Drastically simplifies the planning effort. Throughput Vs Signaling flexibility:
• During the day (ToD)
• As users behavior evolves
• As new applications are launched
• As terminals behavior evolves
• During unusual conditions
• Cisco EPC as a Control Point to manage signaling storms
• CPU gets automatically fully allocated to signaling during signaling storms
• ASR 5000 Series typically never goes to overload during signaling storms
• Surrounding boxes may be impacted
• Cisco EPC supports Throttling, thus becoming the control point to manage
a signaling storm

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 60

Multiple Options
PCRF

Offload
to WiFi,
Femto
Content, Cloud

WiFi/
Femto MEF
Nexus
7000
ASR5k
Mobile
Backhaul IP Core
Internet
(e)NB ASR 1000 7600 ASR5k CRS-1
ASR9k

Network
Offload
UE

Network, WiFi, Femto Offload

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 61
Reaching out to New Markets – Internet of Things
Telematics

Telemetry

Wireless Local
Loop
Consumer Aftermarket
Consumer OEM telematics Vehicle & container tracking
Telematics

Automatic Metering
Infrastructure $20B Fixed Wireless
Terminals

by 2014

ATM/POS Industrial PDAs

Remote Monitoring &

Security Telehealth Remote Information Displays
* ABI Research Automation

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 62

Elasticity Accelerates New Business Opportunities

MOBILE CLOUD SERVICES

Monetization Unified Data Center Optimization

Analytics and Policy

INTELLIGENT NETWORK
Elastic Packet IP
Virtualized
Edge and
Mobile Backhaul Packet Core
Core Infrastructure
Core

Self Optimizing Network

HETEROGENEOUS CLIENT / ACCESS

Universal Small
Small Cell
Cell 3G Small Cell Macro
Macro Radio
Radio
LTE, 3G, Wi-Fi
(SP WiFi and Femto) 3G & Wi-Fi (2G,(2G,
3G,3G, LTE)
LTE)

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 63

 Consumers Value Data Services but Data Revenue Growth Does not Reflect that

3000

2500

1500 Data Revenue

Data Volume (PB/mo.)

Data Volume
1000
26X
500

100

0
2X

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Source: Cisco VNI, Cap Gemini, WCIS 64