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INDEX

Introduction ------------------------------------------------Page 2
General introduction on capacitor --------------------Page 3
Principle of functioning ----------------------------------Page 4
Composition of capacitor ----------------------------------Page 6
Different types of capacitors ---------------------------Page 8
Variable Capacitor -----------------------------------------Page 11
Behaviour of capacitor ----------------------------------Page 13
Application of capacitor ----------------------------------Page 14
Part II -----------------------------------------------Page 15
Conclusion ----------------------------------------Page 17
Reference ----------------------------------------Page 18





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Ever since Ewald Georg von Kleist invented capacitor, it has become inevitable in
mankind¶s life. It is hard to find an electronic component without a capacitor in it.
Without them this so called information age itself wouldn¶t itself exist. Imagine a
world without proper computers, music systems, fans etc. It is an important
component in computers as well, it is found on the outside of the chip package or
surround the chip on the motherboard. In signal processing, a capacitor and resistor
smooth the spikes and sharp edges from a signal. Therefore capacitor plays a
crucial and vital role in our day to day life.

Through this assignment, we are being asked to research and find out of what
capacitors is, its application, various types of capacitor, its effect in a circuit.

In Part I of assignment ask to describe capacitor, its functioning and main effects
on a circuit. The composition of a capacitor and different types of capacitor found
in today market has to be explained. A section of part I require to explain variable
capacitor and behavior of capacitor in a circuit looking into factors such as energy,
voltage and process of charging and discharging of a capacitor. At last not least an
application of capacitor should mention in detail.

Part II is to find right combination of capacitors in order to get a desired total

output capacitance. Four capacitors are given and have to be arranged in such a
way that each capacitor is only used once and all capacitors has to be used to get
the desired output


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When capacitors are connected across a direct current DC supply voltage they become charged
to the value of the applied voltage, acting like temporary storage devices and maintain or hold
this charge indefinitely as long as the supply voltage is present. During this charging process, a
charging current, I will flow into the capacitor opposing any changes to the voltage at a rate that
is equal to the rate of change of the electrical charge on the plates. This charging current can be
defined as: I = CdV/dt. Once the capacitor is "fully-charged" the capacitor blocks the flow of any
more electrons onto its plates as they have become saturated.

However, if we apply an alternating current or AC supply, the capacitor will alternately charge
and discharge at a rate determined by the frequency of the supply. Then capacitors in AC circuits
are constantly charging and discharging. A capacitor allows only ac signals to pass thru it n does
not allow dc to pass through it.

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