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DOMINGO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA Y ARQUITECTURA AMIN ABEL HASBUN
Escuela de Ingeniería Civil
PROYECTO FINAL
DISEÑO DE PUENTE
PUENTE (CIV-245)
Sustentado por:
GABRIEL ROSARIO
Matrícula 100079194
1
PRESENTACION DEL PROYECTO.
objetivo de concebir un producto final que cumpla con los requisitos necesarios
dos vías (dos aceras de 1.00m y dos vías de 8.00m cada una) de acuerdo a las
concreto pre-esforzado.
Se debe considerar dos apoyos extremos (Estribos) con una altura desde la
rasante hasta la cota de cimentación de 3.50m y un apoyo intermedio (Pila) con una
estudiante.
una carga admisible de Padm = 50 Ton. El relleno a utilizar en estribo tiene un peso
del concreto, esfuerzo de fluencia acero de refuerzo, esfuerzo último cables pre-
2
estructura (fuerzas internas y desplazamientos) y Detalle de los cálculos de la
revisión estructural.
Cargas Móviles (Cargas vivas) y Sismo. Por carga muerta se entiende el peso
y/o capa asfáltica, peso de terreno, presión de tierra, etc.). El peso de la capa de
rodadura se puede considerar igual a 200 kg/m2 y el peso de cada baranda igual a
100 kg/m.
Se entiende por cargas vivas a todas aquellas cargas móviles producidas por el
tráfico de vehículos sobre el puente durante su vida útil. Debe ser capaz de soportar
una carga viva mínima igual tren de carga HL93 (camión de diseño + carga de carril)
sobre los carriles de diseño de manera que recree las condiciones de carga máxima
3
COMBINACIONES DE CARGA:
DEFLEXIONES:
para la aplicación de estos criterios la carga del vehículo debe incluir el incremento
4
DESCRIPCION DEL PROYECTO.
Superestructura:
estará apoyada sobre las vigas principales del puente. Las vigas principales del
puente serán en hormigón pre-esforzado. La viga que se diseñará será una viga T
salvaran dos luces de 30.00 metros de longitud las cuales se apoyaran en estribos y
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓′𝑐 = 280 𝑐𝑚2
5
MATERIALES PARA LAS VIGAS:
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓𝑝𝑢 = 18,900 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓′𝑐 = 350 𝑐𝑚2
Subestructura:
cual servirá de apoyo a los dos tramos del puente simplemente apoyado con luces
proyecto.
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓′𝑐 = 280 𝑐𝑚2
6
OBJETIVO GENERAL.
2004.
OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS.
7
INDICE
8
(I)
DISEÑO DEL TABLERO.
9
(Acero principal perpendicular al tránsito).
(𝑆 + 3000)
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ≥ 165 𝑚𝑚
30
(2000 + 3000)
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 166.67 𝑚𝑚
30
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 175.00 𝑚𝑚
Asumimos:
𝑡 = 0.18 𝑚
10
𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑊𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎 𝑅𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑎 = (200 (1 )
𝑚2 ) 𝑚 = 200 𝑚
Peso de la baranda.
𝑘𝑔⁄ (1 )
𝑊𝐵𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎 = (100 𝑚) 𝑚 = 100 𝑘𝑔
11
𝑀(+) = 26.80 𝑘𝑔. 𝑚
12
Momentos debidos al peso de la baranda.
13
De acuerdo a tabla A4.1 Especificaciones AASHTO para el diseño de puentes por el
método LRDF.
Para S=2000 mm
14
1.3 CALCULO DEL REFUERZO:
𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝛽1 = 0.85
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑓′𝑐 = 280 𝑐𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑐 = 2.50 𝑐𝑚
𝑓′𝑐 𝑀𝑢
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.53 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 2
280 4.21𝑥10^5
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
4200 0.53 280 100 15.52
𝜌 = 0.0049
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = 7.52 𝑐𝑚2
Separación (S)
𝐴𝑣 1.27
𝑆= . 100 = . 100 = 16.89 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 7.52
Usar ф ½” @ 0.16 m
15
1.3.1.1 Revisión de la resistencia:
𝑀𝑢 ≤ 𝜑 𝑀𝑛
𝜑 = 0.90
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑦 ( 𝑑 − 2)
𝐴𝑉 1.27
𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = . 100 = . 100 = 7.94 𝑐𝑚2
𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 16
1.40
𝑀𝑛 = (7.94)( 4200) ( 15.5 − ) = 493550 𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚 = 4.94 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
2
𝑎 1.40
𝑐= = = 1.65 𝑐𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐 1.65
= = 0.106 ≤ 0.42 𝑂𝐾!
𝑑 15.5
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 = 4.44 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 𝑆𝑏 𝑓𝑅
16
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑅 = 2 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 2 √280 = 33.47
𝑐𝑚2
𝑏 ℎ2 100 (182 )
𝑆𝑏 = = = 5400 𝑐𝑚3
6 6
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 5400 (33.47) = 180,738 𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝑍 = 30,000 𝑘𝑔⁄𝑐𝑚2
2𝑦𝑏
𝐴=
𝑁𝑉
1.27
Para 𝑏 = 1.00 𝑚 ; 𝑦 = 2.50 + = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
1
𝑑𝑐 = 2.5 + (1.27) = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
100−2(2.5)
𝑁𝑆 = + 1= 7 barras
16
2 (100)(3.14)
𝐴= = 90𝑐𝑚2
7
𝑍 30,000 𝑘𝑔
3
= 3
= 4571.55 𝑐𝑚2
√𝐴 𝑑𝑐 √90(3.14)
𝑘𝑔
0.60𝑓𝑦 = 0.60(4200) = 2520 𝑐𝑚2
17
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
4571.55 𝑐𝑚2 > 2520 𝑐𝑚2 𝑁𝑂 𝐶𝑈𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸!
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼
𝑓𝑠 =
𝑘
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3)
𝐴𝑠 = 7.94 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑐 = 15,100 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 15,000 √280 = 250,998.01 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 = 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚 2
𝑛= = 𝑘𝑔 = 8.37
𝐸𝑐 250,998.01 2
𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 7.94
𝜌= = = 5.12 𝑥 10−3
𝑏𝑑𝑠 (100)(15.5)
𝐾 = √𝑛𝜌2 + 2𝑛𝜌 − 𝑛𝜌
𝐾 = 0.25
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼 2.44𝑥10^5
𝑓𝑠 = = = 2162.85 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑘 0.25
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3) 7.94 ∗ 15.5 ∗ (1 − 3 )
18
1.3.2 Refuerzo negativo apoyos internos.
𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝛽1 = 0.85
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝑓′𝑐 = 280 ⁄𝑐𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑐 = 2.50 𝑐𝑚
𝑓′𝑐 𝑀𝑢
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.53 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 2
280 4.36𝑥10^5
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
4200 0.53 ∗ 280 ∗ 100 ∗ 15.52
𝜌 = 0.0050
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = 7.75 𝑐𝑚2
Separación (S)
𝐴𝑣 1.27
𝑆= . 100 = . 100 = 16.39 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 7.75
Usar ф ½” @ 0.16 m
19
1.3.2.1 Revisión de la resistencia:
𝑀𝑢 ≤ 𝜑 𝑀𝑛
𝜑 = 0.90
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑦 ( 𝑑 − 2)
𝐴𝑉 1.27
𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = . 100 = . 100 = 7.94 𝑐𝑚2
𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 16
1.40
𝑀𝑛 = (7.94)( 4200) ( 15.5 − ) = 493550 𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚 = 4.94 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
2
𝑎 1.40
𝑐= = = 1.65 𝑐𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐 1.65
= = 0.106 ≤ 0.42 𝑂𝐾!
𝑑 15.5
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 = 4.44 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 𝑆𝑏 𝑓𝑅
20
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑅 = 2 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 2 √280 = 33.47
𝑐𝑚2
𝑏 ℎ2 100 (182 )
𝑆𝑏 = = = 5400 𝑐𝑚3
6 6
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 5400 (33.47) = 180,738 𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝑍 = 30,000 𝑘𝑔⁄𝑐𝑚2
2𝑦𝑏
𝐴=
𝑁𝑉
1.27
Para 𝑏 = 1.00 𝑚 ; 𝑦 = 2.50 + = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
1
𝑑𝑐 = 2.5 + (1.27) = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
100−2(2.5)
𝑁𝑆 = + 1= 7 barras
16
2 (100)(3.14)
𝐴= = 90𝑐𝑚2
7
𝑍 30,000 𝑘𝑔
3
= 3
= 4571.55 𝑐𝑚2
√𝐴 𝑑𝑐 √90(3.14)
𝑘𝑔
0.60𝑓𝑦 = 0.60(4200) = 2520 𝑐𝑚2
21
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
4571.55 𝑐𝑚2 > 2520 𝑐𝑚2 𝑁𝑂 𝐶𝑈𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸!
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼
𝑓𝑠 =
𝑘
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3)
𝐴𝑠 = 7.94 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑐 = 15,000 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 15,000 √280 = 250,998.01 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 = 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚 2
𝑛= = 𝑘𝑔 = 8.37
𝐸𝑐 250,998.01 2
𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 7.94
𝜌= = = 5.12 𝑥 10−3
𝑏𝑑𝑠 (100)(15.5)
𝐾 = √𝑛𝜌2 + 2𝑛𝜌 − 𝑛𝜌
𝐾 = 0.25
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼 2.44𝑥10^5
𝑓𝑠 = = = 2162.85 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑘 0.25
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3) 7.94 ∗ 15.5 ∗ (1 − 3 )
22
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 1 = 1 (0.216) + 1 (0.100) + 1(2.48) = 2.80 to. m
𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝛽1 = 0.85
𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝑓′𝑐 = 280 ⁄𝑐𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑐 = 2.50 𝑐𝑚
𝑓′𝑐 𝑀𝑢
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.53 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 2
280 4.76𝑥10^5
𝜌= (0.848 − √0.719 − )
4200 0.53 280 100 15.52
𝜌 = 0.0055
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = 8.53 𝑐𝑚2
Separación (S)
𝐴𝑣 1.27
𝑆= . 100 = . 100 = 14.89 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 7.52
Usar ф ½” @ 0.14m
23
1.3.3.1 Revisión de la resistencia:
𝑀𝑢 ≤ 𝜑 𝑀𝑛
𝜑 = 0.90
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑦 ( 𝑑 − 2)
𝐴𝑉 1.27
𝐴𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = . 100 = . 100 = 9.07 𝑐𝑚2
𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 14
1.60
𝑀𝑛 = (9.07)( 4200) ( 15.5 − ) = 559,982𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚 = 5.60𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
2
𝑎 1.60
𝑐= = = 1.88 𝑐𝑚
𝛽 0.85
𝑐 1.65
= = 0.12 ≤ 0.42 𝑂𝐾!
𝑑 15.5
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 = 5.04 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 𝑆𝑏 𝑓𝑅
24
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑅 = 2 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 2 √280 = 33.47
𝑐𝑚2
𝑏 ℎ2 100 (182 )
𝑆𝑏 = = = 5400 𝑐𝑚3
6 6
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 5400 (33.47) = 180,738 𝑘𝑔. 𝑐𝑚
𝜑 𝑀𝑁 ≥ 1.2 𝑀𝐶𝑅
𝑍 = 30,000 𝑘𝑔⁄𝑐𝑚2
2𝑦𝑏
𝐴=
𝑁𝑉
1.27
Para 𝑏 = 1.00 𝑚 ; 𝑦 = 2.50 + = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
1
𝑑𝑐 = 2.5 + (1.27) = 3.14 𝑐𝑚
2
100−2(2.5)
𝑁𝑆 = + 1= 8 barras
14
2 (100)(3.14)
𝐴= = 78.50𝑐𝑚2
8
𝑍 30,000 𝑘𝑔
3
= 3
= 4784.70 𝑐𝑚2
√𝐴 𝑑𝑐 √78.50(3.14)
𝑘𝑔
0.60𝑓𝑦 = 0.60(4200) = 2520 𝑐𝑚2
25
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
4784.70 𝑐𝑚2 > 2520 𝑐𝑚2 𝑁𝑂 𝐶𝑈𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸!
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼
𝑓𝑠 =
𝑘
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3)
𝐴𝑠 = 9.07 𝑐𝑚2
𝑑 = 15.5 𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑐 = 15,100 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 15,000 √280 = 250,998.01 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 = 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑠 2.1 𝑥 106 𝑐𝑚 2
𝑛= = 𝑘𝑔 = 8.37
𝐸𝑐 250,998.01 2
𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 9.07
𝜌= = = 5.85 𝑥 10−3
𝑏𝑑𝑠 (100)(15.5)
𝐾 = √𝑛𝜌2 + 2𝑛𝜌 − 𝑛𝜌
𝐾 = 0.26
𝑀𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝐼 2.80𝑥10^5
𝑓𝑠 = = = 2180.67 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑘 0.26
𝐴𝑠 𝑑 (1 − 3) 9.07 ∗ 15.5 ∗ (1 − 3 )
26
1.3.4 Calculo del refuerzo de temperatura:
𝜌 = 0.0018
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = 2.79 𝑐𝑚2
Separación (S)
𝐴𝑣 0.71
𝑆= 𝑥 100 = . 100 = 25.44 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 2.79
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.45 m
𝐴𝑆 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝛼 𝐴𝑆 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜
3840
𝛼= ≤ 67% (𝑆 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑚𝑚)
√𝑆
3840
𝛼= = 85.87 % > 67% (𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝛼 = 67%)
√2000
Separación (S)
𝐴𝑣 1.27
𝑆= . 100 = . 100 = 23.87 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝑠 5.32
Usar Ø ½” @ 0.20m
27
(ii)
DISEÑO DE LAS VIGAS.
28
2.1 SELECCIÓN DE LA VIGA:
TIPO V AASHTO
29
2.1.1 Propiedades geométricas de la viga:
SECCION COMPUESTA
𝐿
4
𝑏𝑒 𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒ñ𝑜
𝑆
{𝑛(12𝑡 + 0.53)
𝐿 30 𝑚
= = 7.50 𝑚
4 4
𝑆 = 2.00 𝑚
𝑏𝑒 = 2.00 𝑚
30
𝑠𝑠
𝑠𝑐 𝐴𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 𝑌𝑐𝑔 + 𝐴𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 𝑌𝑐𝑔
𝑌𝑐𝑔 =
∑𝐴
𝑠𝑐
(6535)(81.2) + (3200)(169)
𝑌𝑐𝑔 =
(6535 + 3200)
𝑠𝑐
𝑌𝑐𝑔 = 110.06 𝑐𝑚
𝑠𝑐
𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 6535 + 3200 = 9735 𝑐𝑚2
𝑠𝑐 𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑐 𝑠𝑠 2
𝐼𝑐𝑔 = 𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 (𝑌𝑐𝑔 − 𝑌𝑐𝑔 )
𝑠𝑐
𝐼𝑐𝑔 = 21,690,000 + (6535)(110.06 − 81.2)2
𝑠𝑐
𝐼𝑐𝑔 = 27,132,998.89 𝑐𝑚4
𝑠𝑠
𝐼𝑥𝑥 21,690,000.00 𝑐𝑚4
𝑆𝑐1 = = = 275,253.81 𝑐𝑚3
𝑌𝑐𝑔2 78.80 𝑐𝑚
31
2.2 ANALISIS DE CARGAS PARA VIGAS INTERIORES.
𝑘𝑔
𝑤𝑏𝑎𝑟+𝐴 𝑐𝑟 = 222.22
𝑚
32
2.3 MOMENTOS DE DISEÑO.
Para L = 30.00 m
15 15
𝐼𝑚 = ( )= = 0.22 ≤ 0.30
𝐿 + 38 30 + 38
33
Cálculo de factores de distribución de carga viva:
Vigas interiores.
Rango de Aplicabilidad
𝑁𝑏 = 9 ≥ 4 𝑜𝑘!
𝑠𝑠
𝐾𝑔 = 𝑛 (𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝑠𝑠 𝑒𝑔 2 ) = 1.12(216.9𝑥109 + 653.5𝑥103 (878)2 ) = 8.07𝑥10^11𝑚𝑚4
34
FDCV para momento en vigas interiores:
𝑆 0.4 𝑆 𝐾𝑔 0.1
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.06 + ( ) + ( )0.3 + ( )
4300 𝐿 𝐿 𝑡𝑠 3
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.56
𝑆 0.6 𝑆 𝐾𝑔 0.1
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.075 + ( ) + ( )0.2 + ( )
2900 𝐿 𝐿 𝑡𝑠 3
𝑆
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.36 +
7600
2000
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.36 + = 0.62
7600
𝑆 𝑆
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.2 + −( )2
3600 10,700
35
2000 2000 2
𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.2 + −( )
3600 10,700
Vigas exteriores.
∑ 𝑀𝑂 = 0 ↺ (+)
𝑃 𝑃
(1.8) − (0.40) − 𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 𝑃 (2.00) = 0
2 2
(−1.8 + 0.40)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 =
2 (2.00)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.35
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 𝑒 𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑑𝑒
𝑒 = 0.77 +
2800
36
0
𝑒 = 0.77 + = 0.77
2800
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.77(0.62) = 0.48
𝑁
𝑁𝐿 𝑋𝑒𝑥𝑡 ∑0 𝐿 𝑒𝑖
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ( + )𝑚
𝑁𝑏 ∑𝑁𝑏 𝑋1 2
0
𝑋𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 8 𝑚
𝑁𝑏 = 9
𝑁𝑏
∑ 𝑋1 2 = (82 + 62 + 42 + 22 ) 2 = 240
0
37
Para un carril
𝑚 = 1.20
𝑁𝐿 = 1
𝑁𝐿
∑ 𝑒𝑖 = 6.50
0
1 (8)(6.50)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ( + ) (1.2)
9 240
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.39
𝑚 = 1.00
𝑁𝐿 = 2
𝑁𝐿
2 (8)(9.4)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ( + ) (1)
9 240
𝑚 = 0.85
𝑁𝐿 = 3
𝑁𝐿
38
3 (8)(8.70)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ( + ) (0.85)
9 240
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.53
𝑚 = 0.65
𝑁𝐿 = 4
𝑁𝐿
4 (8)(4.40)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = ( + ) (0.65)
9 240
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.38
∑ 𝑀𝑂 = 0 ↺ (+)
𝑃 𝑃
(1.8) − (0.40) − 𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 𝑃 (2.00) = 0
2 2
(−1.8 + 0.40)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 =
2 (2.00)
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.35
39
𝑮𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒓 PARA DOS O MAS CARRILES DE DISEÑO
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 𝑒 𝐺𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑑𝑒
𝑒 = 0.6 +
3000
0
𝑒 = 0.6 + = 0.6
3000
𝐺𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 0.60(0.72) = 0.43
40
MOMENTO DISEÑO VIGA EXTERIOR
𝑒 = 71.20 𝑐𝑚
𝑘 = 0.80
𝑓𝑏 𝐴𝑠𝑠 (176.83)(6535)
𝐹𝑖 = =
𝑒 71.20
(1 + 𝐴𝑠𝑠 ∗ )∗𝑘 (1 + 6535 ( )) ∗ 0.80
𝑆𝑏𝑆𝐶 246529
𝐹𝑖 = 500,274.96 𝑘𝑔 = 500.27 𝑡𝑜
41
2.4.3 CALCULO NUMERO DE CABLES
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 13230
𝑐𝑚2
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 𝑓𝑎𝑑𝑚 𝐴𝑝 = (13230) (1.398)
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 18,500 𝑘𝑔
𝐹𝑖 500,274.96
𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = = = 27.07
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 18,500
𝐍𝐜𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 = 𝟐𝟖 𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬
𝑃𝑖 = 518,000.00 𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑐𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 0.60𝑓𝑐𝑖 = 0.60(350) = 210 𝑐𝑚2
42
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 34.42
𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑡𝑖 < 𝑓𝑡𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 𝑜𝑘‼‼
𝑃𝑓 = 414,400 𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 157.50
𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑡𝑓 < 𝑓𝑡𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 𝑜𝑘‼!
43
2.5 CALCULO PREESFUERZO VIGA EXTERIOR.
2.5.1 ESFUERZO FIBRA EXTREMA INFERIOR
𝑀𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 + 𝑀𝐿𝑂𝑆𝐴 𝑀𝐶𝑅 + 𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎 + 𝑀𝐶𝑉+𝐼𝑀
𝑓𝑏 = +
𝑆𝑏𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑏𝑠𝑐
17,644,500 + 9,720,000 2,499,750 + 13,837,000
𝑓𝑏 = +
267,118.23 246,529
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑏 = 168.71 𝑐𝑚2
𝑒 = 71.20 𝑐𝑚
𝑘 = 0.80
𝑓𝑏 𝐴𝑠𝑠 (168.71)(6535)
𝐹𝑖 = =
𝑒 71.20
(1 + 𝐴𝑠𝑠 ∗ )∗𝑘 (1 + 6535 ( )) ∗ 0.80
𝑆𝑏𝑆𝐶 246529
𝐹𝑖 = 477,274.14𝑘𝑔 = 477.27 𝑡𝑜
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 13230
𝑐𝑚2
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 𝑓𝑎𝑑𝑚 𝐴𝑝 = (13230) (1.398)
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 18,500 𝑘𝑔
𝐹𝑖 477,274.14
𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = = = 25.8
𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 18,500
𝑵𝒄𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 = 𝟐𝟔 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒅𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒔
44
𝑃𝑖 = 𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑁𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 18,500(26)
𝑃𝑖 = 481,000 𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑐𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 0.60𝑓𝑐𝑖 = 0.60(350) = 210 𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 34.42
𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑡𝑖 < 𝑓𝑡𝑖 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 𝑜𝑘‼‼
𝑃𝑓 = 384,800𝑘𝑔
45
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑓 = −125.03 𝑜𝑘‼!
𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 = 157.50
𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑡𝑓 < 𝑓𝑡𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑜 𝑜𝑘‼!
𝑉𝐶 = 0.53√𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑑 = 0.53√350(20)(155)
𝑉𝐶 = 30,737.7 𝑘𝑔 = 30.74 𝑡𝑜
𝜑𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 0.85(3.81)(4200)(155)
𝑆= = = 25.83 𝑐𝑚
𝑉𝑈 − 𝜑𝑉𝐶 84.77𝑥103 − 0.85(30.74𝑥103 )
𝑺 = 𝟐𝟓 𝒄𝒎
46
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = > 2.12 √𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑆
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 3.81(4200)(155)
𝑉𝑠 = = = 99,212.40 𝑘𝑔 = 99.21 𝑡𝑜
𝑆 25
𝑉𝑠 < 2.12 √𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = 99.21 𝑡𝑜
𝜙𝑉𝑛 = 110.46 𝑡𝑜
𝑉𝐶 = 0.53√𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑑 = 0.53√350(20)(155)
𝑉𝐶 = 30,737.7 𝑘𝑔 = 30.74 𝑡𝑜
𝜑𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 0.85(3.81)(4200)(155)
𝑆= = = 48.20 𝑐𝑚
𝑉𝑈 − 𝜑𝑉𝐶 69.87𝑥103 − 0.85(30.74𝑥103 )
𝑺 = 𝟒𝟓 𝒄𝒎
47
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = > 2.12 √𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑆
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 3.81(4200)(155)
𝑉𝑠 = = = 55,118 𝑘𝑔 = 55.12 𝑡𝑜
𝑆 45
𝑉𝑠 < 2.12 √𝑓 ′ 𝐶 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = 55.12 𝑡𝑜
𝜙𝑉𝑛 = 72.98 𝑡𝑜
48
(III)
DISEÑO DE ESTRIBOS.
49
3.1 PRE-DIMENSIONADO.
50
3.2 ANALISIS DE CARGA VERTICAL.
𝜙2 30 2
𝐾𝑎 = [tan(45 − ] = [tan(45 − ]
2 2
𝐾𝑎 = 0.33
𝑃′ 𝑣 = 𝛾ℎ = 1.80(3.50)
𝑡𝑜
𝑃′𝑣 = 6.30
𝑚2
𝑃ℎ𝑎 = 𝑃′ 𝑣 𝐾𝑎 = 6.30 (0.33)
𝑡𝑜
𝑃ℎ𝑎 = 2.08
𝑚2
𝑃ℎ𝑎 ℎ 𝐿 (2.08)(3.50)(17.80)
𝐸𝑎 = =
2 2
𝐸𝑎 = 64.80 𝑡𝑜
51
PARAMETROS DE DISEÑO SISMICO.
PARAMETRO VALOR
𝑆𝑆 = 0.95
ZONA II
𝑆1 = 0.55
GRUPO III 𝑈 = 1.2
𝐹𝑎 = 1.0
CLASE E
𝐹𝑣 = 2.4
𝑅𝑑 = 4.5 (𝑇𝐴𝐵𝐿𝐴 8 𝑅001)
MUROS ESPECIALES
𝐾0 = 0.09
2 2
𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 𝐹𝑎 𝑆𝑠 = (1.0)(0.95)
3 3
𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 0.63
2 2
𝑆𝐷1 = 𝐹𝑣 𝑆1 = (2.4)(0.55)
3 3
𝑆𝐷1 = 0.88
𝑆𝐷1 0.88
𝑇𝑜 = 0.2 = 0.2 ( )
𝑆𝐷𝑆 0.63
𝑇0 = 0.30
𝑇𝑠 = 5 𝑇𝑜 = 5(0.30)
𝑇𝑠 = 1.50
𝑘0 𝐻 (0.09)(3.5)
𝑇= =
√𝐷𝑠 √3.5
𝑇 = 0.32
𝑇 = 𝐶𝑇 𝐻 𝑥 = (0.048)(3.5)0.75
𝑇 = 0.12
52
Periodo Fundamental 𝑇 = 0.12
𝑇 < 𝑇0
𝑆𝐷𝑆 0.63
𝑆𝑎 = 0.6 (𝑇) + 0.4 𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 0.6 ( ) (0.15) + 0.4(0.63)
𝑇0 0.30
𝑆𝑎 = 0.40
𝑈 𝑆𝑎
𝐶𝑏 = ≥ 0.03
𝑅𝐷
𝑈 𝑆𝑎 (1.2)(0.40)
𝐶𝑏 = =
𝑅𝐷 4.5
𝐶𝑏 = 0.11 ≥ 0.03
53
3.5 ANALISIS DE ESTADO DE CARGA I: CM + E + S.
54
3.5.1 REVISION DE ESTABILIDAD.
Momentos Estabilizarores
Fuerza Brazo Momento
Elemento (to) (m) (to.m)
West1 30.24 1.25 37.80
West2 20.74 1.65 34.22
Wzap 81.48 1.75 142.59
Wter 190.24 2.58 490.82
Momentos Vuelco
Fuerza Brazo Momento
Elemento (to) (m) (to.m)
West1 3.33 1.20 4.00
West2 2.28 2.70 6.16
Wzap 8.96 0.25 2.24
Ea 64.80 1.17 75.82
Wter 20.93 2.12 44.37
3.5.1.1REVISION AL VUELCO.
∑ 𝑀𝑒 705.43
𝐹𝑆𝑉 = =
∑ 𝑀𝑉 132.58
55
∑ 𝐹𝐸 322.70
𝐹𝑆𝐷 = =
∑ 𝐹𝑉 100.30
𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 50 𝑡𝑜/𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝑒
∑ 𝑀𝐸 + ∑ 𝑀𝑉 705.43 − 132.58
𝑋𝐺 = =
∑ 𝐹𝐸 322.70
56
𝑋𝐺 = 1.78 𝑚
𝐵 3.5
𝑒= − 𝑋𝐺 = − 1.78
2 2
𝐵
𝑒 = −0.03 < = 0.58 (𝑛𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑦 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖ó𝑛) 𝑜𝑘!
6
𝑅1 166.19
𝑁𝑂. 𝑃𝐼𝐿𝑂𝑇𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐼𝑃𝑂 1 = =
𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑚 50
𝑅2 156.51
𝑁𝑂. 𝑃𝐼𝐿𝑂𝑇𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐼𝑃𝑂 2 = =
𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑚 50
57
𝑀𝐶𝑀+𝐶𝑉 = (30.05 + 39.38)(1.25)
1
𝑀𝑉 = 𝐸𝑎 ( ℎ) = 64.80(1.17)
3
𝑀𝑉 = 75.82 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑀𝐸 = 784.71 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
∑ 𝑅 = 392.13 𝑡𝑜
58
784.71 − 75.82
𝑋𝐺 =
392.13
𝑋𝐺 = 1.81
𝐵 3.5
𝑒= − 𝑋𝐺 = − 1.81
2 2
𝐵
𝑒 = −0.06 < = 0.58 (𝑛𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑦 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖ó𝑛) 𝑂𝐾‼!
6
392.13 (1.75 − 0.75 + 0.06)
𝑅1 = = 207.83 𝑡𝑜
2.00
392.13 (1.75 − 0.75 − 0.06)
𝑅2 = = 184.30 𝑡𝑜
2.00
𝑅1 207.83
𝑁𝑂. 𝑃𝐼𝐿𝑂𝑇𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐼𝑃𝑂 1 = =
𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑚 50
𝑅2 184.30
𝑁𝑂. 𝑃𝐼𝐿𝑂𝑇𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐼𝑃𝑂 2 = =
𝑃𝑎𝑑𝑚 50
59
3.7 REFUERZO ESTRIBO.
𝑘𝑔
𝑓′𝑐 = 280
𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔
𝑓𝑦 = 4200
𝑐𝑚2
𝑃𝑎 ℎ ℎ
𝑀𝑈 = 𝐸𝑎 (𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜) = ( ) ( ) ∗ 1.7
2 3
𝑡𝑜
𝑃𝑎 = 𝑘𝑎 𝛾 ℎ = 0.33(1.8)(3.5) = 2.08
𝑚2
2.08(3.52 )
𝑀𝑈 = ( ) ∗ 1.7
6
6000 6000
𝐶𝑏 = 𝑑= (0.45)
6000 + 𝑓𝑦 6000 + 4200
𝐶𝑏 = 0.26 𝑚
𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.17 𝑚
2 𝑀𝑢 2(7.22 𝑥 105 )
𝑎 = 𝑑 (1 − √1 − ( )) = 45(1 − √1 − ( ))
𝜙𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑏𝑑2 0.9(0.85)(280)(100)(452 )
𝑎 = 0.76𝑐𝑚
60
𝑎 = 0.76 𝑐𝑚 < 𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 17.00 𝑐𝑚 𝑜𝑘‼‼
𝑀𝑢 7.22 𝑥 105
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = =
𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − 𝑎⁄2) 4200(45 − 0.76⁄ )
2
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = 3.80 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴 = 8.1.00 𝑐𝑚2
Para Ø3/4”
2.85
𝑆= = 0.24 𝑚
8.1
𝐴𝑠 = 14.25 𝑐𝑚2
𝐶𝑏 = 0.15 𝑚
𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.10 𝑚
61
2 𝑀𝑢 2(0.69 𝑥 105 )
𝑎 = 𝑑 (1 − √1 − ( )) = 25(1 − √1 − ( ))
𝜙𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑏𝑑2 0.9(0.85)(280)(100)(252 )
𝑎 = 0.09 𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑢 0.69 𝑥 105
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = =
𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − 𝑎⁄2) 4200(25 − 0.09⁄ )
2
𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = 0.66
𝑚
𝐴𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018𝑏𝑑 = 0.0018(100)(25) = 4.50 𝑐𝑚2
𝑐𝑚2
𝐴 = 4.50
𝑚
Para Ø1/2”
1.27
𝑆= = 0.28 𝑚
4.50
𝑅𝐶𝑀 = 506.91 𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝑈 = 558.00 𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝑈 558.00
𝑅1 𝑀𝑂𝐷 = ( ) 𝑅1 = ( ) (207.83)
∑𝑅 392.13
𝑅1 𝑀𝑂𝐷 = 295.74 𝑡𝑜
62
𝑀𝑢 = 𝑅1 𝑀𝑂𝐷 (𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜) = 295.74(2.00)
𝑀𝑢 = 591.48 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
2 𝑀𝑢 2(591.48 𝑥 105 )
𝑎 = 𝑑 (1 − √1 − ( )) = 40(1 − √1 − ( ))
𝜙𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑏𝑑2 0.9(0.85)(280)(1940)(402 )
𝑎 = 3.73 𝑐𝑚
6000 6000
𝐶𝑏 = 𝑑= (0.40)
6000 + 𝑓𝑦 6000 + 4200
𝐶𝑏 = 23.53 𝑐𝑚
𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 15.00 𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑢 591.48 𝑥 105
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = =
𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − 𝑎⁄2) 4200(40 − 3.73⁄ )
2
𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = 369.43
𝑚
Para Ø 1”
5.07
𝑆= (1940) = 26.62 𝑐𝑚
369.43
Usar Ø 1” @0.25 m
63
(IV)
DISEÑO DE PILA.
64
4.1 PRE-DIMENSIONADO.
65
4.2 ANALISIS DE CARGA MUERTA SUPERESTRUCTURA.
𝑅𝐶𝑀 = 39.84(2)
𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑅𝐶𝑀 = 79.68
𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎
𝑁𝑏 = 9
𝑅𝐶𝑀 = 717.12 𝑡𝑜
𝑌1 = 1.00
1.00
𝑌2 = (25.70) = 0.86
30.00
1.00
𝑌3 = (25.70) = 0.86
30.00
66
𝑁𝐿 = 4
𝑃 = 7.26 𝑡𝑜/𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑎
𝑃𝐶𝑉+𝐼𝑀 = 15.06 𝑡𝑜
𝑃𝐷 = 2(15.06 𝑡𝑜)
𝑃𝐷 = 30.11 𝑡𝑜
30.11(1+0.86)+7.53(0.86) 62.48
𝑅𝐶𝑉 = = = 6.94 𝑡𝑜
9 9
67
𝑀𝑇 = ∑𝑃𝐷 ∗ 𝑒𝑖 = 30.11(6.50 + 2.00) = 255.94 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
PARAMETRO VALOR
𝑆𝑆 = 0.95
ZONA II
𝑆1 = 0.55
GRUPO III 𝑈 = 1.2
𝐹𝑎 = 1.0
CLASE E
𝐹𝑣 = 2.4
𝑅𝑑 = 4.5 (𝑇𝐴𝐵𝐿𝐴 8 𝑅001)
MUROS ESPECIALES
𝐾0 = 0.09
68
2 2
𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 𝐹𝑎 𝑆𝑠 = (1.0)(0.95)
3 3
𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 0.63
2 2
𝑆𝐷1 = 𝐹𝑣 𝑆1 = (2.4)(0.55)
3 3
𝑆𝐷1 = 0.88
𝑆𝐷1 0.88
𝑇𝑜 = 0.2 = 0.2 ( )
𝑆𝐷𝑆 0.63
𝑇0 = 0.30
𝑇𝑠 = 5 𝑇𝑜 = 5(0.30)
𝑇𝑠 = 1.50
𝑡𝑜
𝑊𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑧𝑎𝑙 = (2.4 ) (1.1 𝑚)(1.40 𝑚)(18) = 60.48 𝑡𝑜
𝑚3
𝑊 786,000 𝑘𝑔 𝑠2
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎 = = 𝑚 = 80,122.30 𝑘𝑔. 𝑚
𝑔 9.81 2
𝑠
Ε = 15,100√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 15100√280
𝑘𝑔
Ε = 252671.33 𝑐𝑚2
𝜋 𝑟 4 𝜋(0.754 )
𝐼= =
4 4
𝐼 = 0.25 𝑚4
69
12ΕI 12(2,526,713,300)(0.25)
K= =
ℎ3 23
kg
K = 1,895,034,975
m
𝑚 786,000
𝑇 = 2𝜋√ = 2𝜋√
𝐾 1,895,034,975
T = 0.13 seg
𝑇 < 𝑇0
𝑆𝐷𝑆 0.63
𝑆𝑎 = 0.6 (𝑇) + 0.4 𝑆𝐷𝑆 = 0.6 ( ) (0.13) + 0.4(0.63)
𝑇0 0.30
𝑆𝑎 = 0.42
𝑈 𝑆𝑎
𝐶𝑏 = ≥ 0.03
𝑅𝐷
𝑈 𝑆𝑎 (1.2)(0.42)
𝐶𝑏 = =
𝑅𝐷 4.5
𝐶𝑏 = 0.11 ≥ 0.03
𝐸𝑄 = 𝐶𝑏 ∗ 𝑤 = (0.11)717.12 = 78.88 𝑡𝑜
70
MODELO MATEMATICO.
71
Diagrama de momentos:
Diagrama de Cortante:
72
Diagrama de axial:
6000 6000
𝐶𝑏 = 𝑑= (130 − 5)
6000 + 𝑓𝑦 6000 + 4200
𝐶𝑏 = 73.53 𝑐𝑚
𝑏ℎ2 ′
120(1302 )
𝑀𝐶𝑅 = 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑆 𝑓′𝑎𝑑𝑚 = ∗ 2√𝑓 𝑐 = ∗ 2√280
6 6
𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 46.88 𝑐𝑚
73
2 𝑀𝑢 2(513 𝑥 105 )
𝑎 = 𝑑 (1 − √1 − ( )) = 125(1 − √1 − ( ))
𝜙𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑏𝑑2 0.9(0.85)(280)(100)(1252 )
𝑎 = 17.14 𝑐𝑚/m
𝑀𝑢 513 𝑥 105
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = =
𝜙𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − 𝑎⁄2) 0.90 ∗ 4200(125 − 17.14⁄ )
2
𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑐 = 116.56 𝑐𝑚2
14 𝑏 𝑑 14(120)(125)
𝐴𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = = 50.00 𝑐𝑚2
𝑓𝑦 4200
120 − 2(5)
𝑁𝑏 = = 22 ∅1" 𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑎
5
116
𝑁𝑏 = = 23
5.07
𝑵𝒃 = 𝟐𝟒 ∅𝟏 (usar una camada con 22 ∅1" y otra con 2 ∅1")
𝑨𝒔 = 24(5.07)=121.68 𝒄𝒎𝟐
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 (121.68)(4200)
𝑎= =
0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑏 (0.85)(280)(120)
𝑎 = 17.90 𝑐𝑚
𝑎 17.90 𝑐𝑚
𝑐= =
0.85 0.85
𝑐 = 21.06 𝑐𝑚
𝑑 125
𝜀 = 0.003 ( − 1) = 0.003 ( − 1)
𝑐 21.06
𝜀 = 0.0148
𝜀𝑦 = 0.002
74
𝜀 > 𝜀𝑦 𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎 𝐷ú𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑙
𝑎 17.9
𝜙𝑀𝑛 = 𝜙𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − ) = 0.90(121.68)(4200) (125 − )
2 2
𝑉𝑠 = 15848.29 𝑘𝑔 = 15.85 𝑡𝑜
𝜙𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 0.75(1.42)(4200)(125)
𝑆= = = 35.28 𝑐𝑚
𝑉𝑠 15848.29
75
4.7 DISEÑO DE FUSTE.
𝑀𝑉 44.5 𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑒= = = 0.0590 𝑚
∑ 𝐶𝑀 + 𝐶𝑉 753.96 𝑡𝑜
𝑒 0.0590
𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑣% = ∗ 100 = ∗ 100 = 2.95% < 10%
𝐿 2.00
Como la desviación es menor que el 10%, no se requiere el diseño a flexo compresión.
Basta con diseñar la sección a compresión pura, reduciendo un 20% de carga a
compresión.
𝑃𝐶𝑀 = 576 𝑡𝑜
𝑃𝐶𝑉 = 178 𝑡𝑜
𝑃𝑢 = 975.94 𝑡𝑜
76
𝑨𝒔 = 𝟑𝟖𝟓. 𝟑𝟐 𝒄𝒎𝟐
Colocar 76 Ø1”
ESTADO 1: CM+CV
𝑅𝐶𝑉 = 62.48 𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝑃𝑃 = 66.53 𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝐶𝑀 = 717.12 𝑡𝑜
𝑀𝑉 = 255.94𝑡𝑜. 𝑚
𝑀𝑉 255.94
𝑒= =
𝑅𝐶𝑉 + 𝑅𝑃𝑃 + 𝑅𝐶𝑀 62.48 + 66.53 + 717.12
𝑒 = 0.30 𝑚
ESTADO 2: 0.9CM+EQ
𝑀𝑉 255.94
𝑒= =
∑ 𝑅 783.65
𝑒 = 0.33 𝑚
𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.33 𝑚
𝐵
≥𝑒
6
𝐵 = 6𝑒 = 6(0.33)
𝐵 = 1.98 𝑚
Tomar B=2.50 m
77
4.9 CALCULO DE NUMERO DE PILOTES.
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠 = 50 𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝑡 = 779.60 𝑡𝑜
779.60
𝑁𝑜. 𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠 = = 15.60 𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠
50
Usar 16 pilotes
78
BIBLIOGRAFIA
Taveras.
AASHTO LRFD
79