3.

Resuelva el siguiente sistema lineal, empleando para ello la inversa

(utilice el método que prefiera para hallar 𝐴−1 )

1 −1 −1 𝑥 0
𝐴 = ( 3 −1 −3 ) ; 𝑋 = (𝑦) ; 𝐵 = (2)
−1 0 −1 𝑧 1
𝐴 ∗ 𝑋 = 𝐵 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑋 𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑎 = 𝐴−1 ∗ 𝐵

𝐿𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎 𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑓ó𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎:

1
𝐴−1 = ∗ 𝐴𝑑𝑗(𝐴)
𝑑𝑒𝑡𝐴

𝑆𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧

1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 −1
𝑑𝑒𝑡 ( 3 −1 −3 ) = | 3 −1 3 3 −1|
−1 0 −1 −1 0 1 −1 0

𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑚é𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑢𝑠 𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = (1(−1)(1) + (−1)(3)(−1) + (−1)(3)(0) − (−1)(1)(−1) − (1)(3)(0) − (−1)(3)(1)

𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = −1 + 3 + (0) − (−1) − 0 − (−3)

𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = 6

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 0 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎

𝑆𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠:

−1 3 3 3 3 −1
| | −| | −| |
0 1 −1 1 −1 0
−1 −1 1 −1 1 −1
−| || |−| |
0 1 −1 1 −1 0
−1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1
| |−| || |
−1 3 3 3 3 −1

−1 −(3 − (−3)) 0 −1 −1 −6 −1
(−(−1 − 0) 1−1 −(−0 − 1)) = ( 1 0 1)
−3 − 1 −(3 + 3) −1 + 3 −4 −6 2

𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜 𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟

 −1 −6 −1
𝐴𝑑𝑗(𝐴) ( 1 0 1)
−4 −6 2
1
𝐴−1 = ∗ 𝐴𝑑𝑗(𝐴)
𝑑𝑒𝑡𝐴

1 −1 −1 −4
𝐴−1 = ∗ (−6 0 −6)
6
−1 −1 2
−1 /6 1/6 −2/3
−1
1
𝐴 = ∗ ( −1 0 −1 )
6 −1/6 1/6 1/3

𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜:

𝑋 = 𝐴−1 ∗ 𝐵

−1 /6 1/6 −2/3 0
𝑋 ( −1 0 −1 ) ∗ (2)
−1/6 1/6 1/3 1

2 2
0+
+
6 3
𝑋 = 0+ 0 + 1
2 1
0+ +
( 6 3)

𝟏
𝑿 = (𝟏)
𝟎

𝑬𝒏𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔 𝒙 = 𝟏; 𝒚 = 𝟏; 𝒛 = 𝟎