6/18/2018 Battery calculator : Capacity, C-rating, ampere, charge and discharge run-time calculator (energy storage)

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Calculation of battery capacity, c-rate, charge and discharge current

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Enter your own values in the white boxes, results are displayed in the green boxes.

Voltage of one battery = 1.2 V

Rated capacity of one battery : 188 Ah    =    225.6 Wh

C-rate :   0.2    or    Charge or discharge current I : 37.6 A

Time of charge or discharge t (run-time) = 5 h

Time of charge or discharge in minutes (run-time) = 300 min

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Calculation of energy stored, current and voltage for a set of batteries in

series and parallel

Number of batteries in a serie = 169 elements

Number of series in parallel = 1 series

Voltage of the storage system = 203 volt

Current of the storage system = 37.6 ampere

Capacity of the storage system (energy stored) = 188 Ah    =    38.1264000000 kWh

Principle and de nitions

Capacity and energy of a battery or storage system

The capacity of a battery is the amount of energy stored according to speci c temperature, charge and discharge

current value and time of charge or discharge.

Rating capacity and C-rate

C-rate is used to scale the charge and discharge current of a battery. For a given capacity, C-rate is a measure that

indicate at what current a battery is charged and discharged to reach its de ned capacity.

A 1C (or C/1) charge loads a battery that is rated at, say, 1000 Ah at 1000 A during one hour, so at the end of the

hour the battery reach a capacity of 1000 Ah; a 1C (or C/1) discharge drains the battery at that same rate.

A 0.5C or (C/2) charge loads a battery that is rated at, say, 1000 Ah at 500 A so it takes two hours to charge the

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6/18/2018 Battery calculator : Capacity, C-rating, ampere, charge and discharge run-time calculator (energy storage)

battery at the rating capacity of 1000 Ah;

A 2C charge loads a battery that is rated at, say, 1000 Ah at 2000 A, so it takes theoretically 30 minutes to charge the

battery at the rating capacity of 1000 Ah;

The Ah rating is normally marked on the battery.

Last example, a lead acid batterie with a C10 (or C/10) rated capacity of 3000 Ah should be charge or disharge in 10

hours with a current charge or discharge of 300 A.

Why is it important to know the C-rate or C-rating of a battery

C-rate is an important data for a battery because for most of batteries the energy stored or available depends on the

speed of the charge or discharge current. Generally, for a given capacity you will have less energy if you discharge in

one hour than if you discharge in 20 hours, reversely you will store less energy in a battery with a current charge of

100 A during 1 h than with a current charge of 10 A during 10 h.

Formula to calculate Current available in

output of the battery
How to calculate output current, power and energy of a battery according to C-rate?

The simplest formula is :

I = Cr / Er

or

Cr = I / Er

Where

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6/18/2018 Battery calculator : Capacity, C-rating, ampere, charge and discharge run-time calculator (energy storage)

   Er = rated energy stored in Ah (rated capacity of the battery given by the manufacturer)

   I = current of charge or discharge in Amperes (A)

   Cr = C-rate of the battery

Equation to get the time of charge or charge or discharge "t" according to current and rated capacity is :

t = Er / I

t = time, duration of charge or discharge (runtime) in hours

Relationship between Cr and t :

Cr = 1/t

t = 1/Cr

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