_____________ is data that has been organized into groups known as intervals or classes.

a. Secondary data
b. Disorganised data
c. Grouped data
d. Primary data

ANSWERR:C

Identify the correct scale measurement for data collected about marital status.
a. Ordinal scale
b. Discrete scale
c. Interval scale
d. Nominal scale

ANSWER:D
Which of the following divides a group of data into four subgroup?

a. Percentile
b. Quartile
c. Standard deviation
d. Mode

ANSWER:B
Identify the option that is not a measure central tendency.
a. Percentile
b. Quartile
c. Standard deviation
d. Mode

ANSWER:C
The first and unorganized form of date is called_____________.
a. secondary data
b. organized data
c. primary data
d. none of the above

ANSWER: C
A parameter is a measure which is computed from________.
a. median data
b. population data
c. test statistics
d. sample data

ANSWER: B
The middle value of an ordered array of numbers is the_______.
a. midpoint
b. mean
c. mode
d. median

ANSWER:D
A modal class is the class that includes the______.
a. all observations
b. none of the observed data
c. largest number of observations
d. smallest number of observations

ANSWER: C
Scale used in statistics which provides difference of proportions as well as magnitude of
differences is considered as________.
a. exponential scale
b. goodness scale
c. satisfactory scale
d. ratio scale

ANSWER: D
________makes inferences, generalisations, estimates, forecasts and or other judgements
based on sample data instead of the whole population.
a. Inferential statistics
b. Statistical remodelling
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Population

ANSWER: A
Which of the following options cannot be less than zero (negative)?
a. Median
b. Arithmetic mean
c. Geometric mean
d. Mode

ANSWER: C
The science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analysing and interpreting data to assist in
making more effective decisions is called_________.
a. statistic
b. statistics
c. population
d. parameter

ANSWER: B
In statistics, conducting a survey means_________.
a. drawing graphs and pictures
b. making mathematical calculations
c. drawing a population from a sample to make inferences about measurement scales
d. collecting information from elements

ANSWER: D
________ are components of statistics.
a. Population and sampling
b. Frequency tables and histograms
c. Correlation and regression
d. Descriptive and statistical inferences

ANSWER: D
A quantity which during its computation is assumed to vary or capable of varying in value is
_________.
a. dependant value
b. independent
c. value
d. variable
ANSWER: D
Which of the following measure of averages is not based on all the values given in the data set?
a. Geometric mean
b. Mode
c. Arithmetic mean
d. Median

ANSWER: B
Numerical methods and graphical methods are specialized procedures used in_______.
a. education statistics
b. social statistics
c. business statistics
d. descriptive statistics

ANSWER: D
Identify the measure of average which can have more than one value.

a. Geometric mean
b. Median
c. Harmonic mean
d. Mode

ANSWER: D
In statistics, a population consist of___________.
a. all people living in the area under study
b. all subjects or objects whose characteristics are being studied
c. all people living in a country
d. certain people living in a certain country

ANSWER: B
The most repeated (popular) value in a data set is called_________.
a. harmonic mean
b. mode
c. median
d. geometric mean

ANSWER: B
Listing of a data in the form in which they are collected are known as_______.
a. raw data
b. qualitative data
c. arrayed data
d. secondary data

ANSWER: A
In statistics, a sample means__________.
a. all items under investigation
b. a portion of the sample
c. a portion of the total observations from a sampled data
d. a portion of the population

ANSWER: D
Which of the following measure of average is affected by extreme (very small or very large)
values in data set?
a. Arithmetic mean
b. Geometric mean
c. Median
d. Mode

ANSWER: A
Statistic is a numeric quantity, which is calculated from________.
a. data
b. sample
c. Population
d. Observations
ANSWER: B
Which of the following measurement does not divide a set of observations into equal parts?
a. Percentiles
b. Quartiles
c. Standard deviations
d. Median
ANSWER: C
Variables whose measurement is done in terms such as weight, height and length are classified
as______.
a. continuous variables
b. discrete variables
c. flowchart variables
d. measuring variables

ANSWER: A
A variable that assumes any value within a range is called_______.
a. independent variable
b. discrete variable
c. qualitative variable
d. continuous variable
ANSWER: D
A variable that assumes only some selected values [mostly integers only] in a range is
called_______.

a. continuous variable
b. quantitative variable
c. discrete variable
d. qualitative variable

ANSWER: C
________ is a summary measure that is computed from the sample to draw conclusions about
the true population parameters.
a. Claim
b. Sampling
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Sample statistic

ANSWER: D
When the characteristic being studied is non-numeric, it is called a______.

a. quantitative variable
b. discrete variable
c. continuous variable
d. qualitative variable

ANSWER: D
Data must be arranged either in ascending or descending order, if someone wants to
compute_______.
a. geometric mean
b. median
c. mode
d. harmonic mean

ANSWER: B
The data which have already been collected by some are called________.
a. secondary data
b. array data
c. fictitious data
d. raw data

ANSWER: A
_______ is a variable that can take different values but only in response to a predictor variable.
a. Dependant variable
b. Interval
c. Independent variable
d. Estimator

ANSWER: A
Sample statistics are denoted by the________.
a. lower case Greek letter
b. associated roman alphabets
c. upper case Greek letter
d. roman letters

ANSWER: D
When data are collected in a statistical study for only a portion or subset of all elements of
interest we are using________.

a. both a parameter and a population

b. a population
c. a sample
d. a parameter

ANSWER: C
Discrete variables and continuous variables are two types of_____.
a. quantitative classification
b. time series classification
c. open end classification
d. regression classification

ANSWER: A
The number of a students in class is 100. This is an example of________.
a. qualitative data
b. discrete data
c. categorised data
d. continuous data

ANSWER: B
In statistics __________ of an event is the number of times the event occurred in an experiment
or study.
a. frequency
b. mean
c. histogram
d. ogive

ANSWER: A
If any the value in data set is zero then it is not possible (i.e. impossible) to compute__________.
a. mode
b. harmonic mean
c. median
d. geometric mean

ANSWER: B
Identify the option that describes the middle part of a group of numbers.

a. Measure of shape
b. Measure of variability
c. Measure of association
d. Measure of central tendency

ANSWER: D
A survey in which information is collected from each and every individual of the population is
known as______.
a. biased survey
b. pilot survey
c. sample survey
d. census survey

ANSWER: D
Which measurement scare is more appropriate to measure data about the mass of students in
college?
a. Interval scale
b. Ratio scale
c. Qualitative
d. Nominal scale

ANSWER: A
If a distribution has two modes, then this distribution is called__________.

a. uni-modal
b. bi-modal
c. tri-modal
d. multi-modal

ANSWER: B
Summary and presentation of data in tabular form with several non-overlapping classes is
referred to as_______.
a. chronological distribution
b. nominal distribution
c. frequency distribution
d. ordinal distribution
ANSWER: C
A politician who is running for the vacant Member of Parliament [MP] seat with 50 000 registered
voters conducts a survey. In the survey, 60% of the 2 000 registered voters interviewed say they
planned to vote for the MP. ________ is the sample statistic.
a. 25000
b. 60%
c. statistical inferences
d. 2000

ANSWER: B
A politician who is running for the vacant Member of Parliament [MP] seat with 50 000 registered
voters conducts a survey. In the survey, 60% of the 2 000 registered voters interviewed say they
planned to vote for the MP. What is the random variable?

a. 50 000 voters
b. The political choices of the registered voters
c. 2 000 registered voters
d. Member of Parliament

ANSWER: B
Largest value is 60 and smallest value is 40 and the number of classes desired is 5, then the
class interval is_____.
a. 25
b. 4
c. 20
d. 15
ANSWER: B
A politician who is running for the vacant Member of Parliament [MP] seat with 50 000 registered
voters conducts a survey. In the survey, 60% of the 2 000 registered voters interviewed say they
planned to vote for the MP. Which figure represents the population of interest?
a. 2 000
b. The total number of Members of Parliament
c. 50 000
d. The total number of politicians

ANSWER: C
In a sample of 400 students in a college of business, 20 of them or 30% are marketing majors.
The 30% is an example of_______.
a. sample
b. descriptive statistics
c. population
d. statistical inferences

ANSWER: B
Which statement is INCORRECT regarding measures of central tendency?

a. The mode is the maximum point on a frequency distribution curve.

b. The median has an equal number of values above and below it.
c. The mode is the most frequently occurring value.
d. The median is the value in a given aggregate which would obtain if all the values were
equal.

ANSWER: D
Which option consists of correct data collection methods?
a. Intervals, observations and secondary data
b. Experiments and organised data
c. Surveys, interviews and questionnaires
d. Interviews, primary data and observations
ANSWER: C
Identify the appropriate measurement scale that is appropriate in rating (e.g. excellent, good, fair
or poor) of the studying material for Business Statistics.
a. Mean
b. Ordinal scale
c. Interval
d. Ratio scale

ANSWER: B
Identify the appropriate measure of central tendency that can be used to find the average speed
of a journey.
a. Geometric mean
b. Weighted mean
c. Mode
d. Harmonic mean

ANSWER: D
Which branch of statistics deals with the techniques that are used to organize, summarize, and
present the data?

a. Descriptive statistics
b. Inferential statistics
c. Probability statistics
d. Advanced statistics

ANSWER: A
Identify the CORRECT statement about inferential statistics.
a. In inferential statistics, we study how to make decisions about mean, median, or mode.
b. In inferential statistics, we study the methods to make decisions about population based
on sample results.
c. Inferential statistics deals with methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data
in a convenient and informative way.
d. In inferential statistics, we study how a sample is obtained from a population.
ANSWER: B
You asked five of your classmates about their height. On the basis of this information, you stated
that the average height of all students in your university or college is 67 inches. This is an
example of_______.

a. descriptive statistics
b. inferential statistics
c. population
d. parameter

ANSWER: B
If 10% is added to each value of variable, the geometric mean of new variable is added
by_______.
a. 5%
b. 110%
c. 90%
d. 10%
ANSWER: D
Which option BEST explains population in business statistics?
a. Population in business statistics is data collected in a statistical study for a portion or
subset of all elements of interest in a sample.
b. Population in business statistics is the group of all items that are of interest to the
statistician.
c. Number of children
d. A portion of the group
ANSWER: B
Students divided into different groups according to their intelligence and gender. This is an
example of____.
a. quantitative data
b. constant data
c. qualitative data
d. continuous data
ANSWER: C
The class _________ is halfway between the limits of the interval.

a. Midpoint
b. Intersection
c. Distribution
d. Frequency

ANSWER: A
Data in the population Census Report is___________.
a. grouped data
b. primary data
c. ungrouped data
d. secondary data

ANSWER: B
__________ is the nth root of the product of the given scores in the set of data.

a. Arithmetic mean
b. Geometric mean
c. Harmonic mean
d. Exponential mean

ANSWER: B
__________ is the square root of the average squared distanced from the central value.
a. variance
b. coefficient of variability
c. interquartile range
d. standard deviation

ANSWER: D
If a data set has an even number of observations, the median______.
a. is the average value of the two middle items
b. is the average value of the two middle items when all items are arranged in ascending
order
c. cannot be determined
d. must be equal to the mean

ANSWER: B
Mu is an example of a________.
a. sample statistic
b. population parameter
c. mode
d. population variance
ANSWER: B
__________ is found by adding up all the data values and then dividing the total by the sample
size.
a. Mode
b. Average
c. Median
d. Central location

ANSWER: B
The __________ is that data value that separates the top 25 percent of ordered data values from
the bottom 75 percent of the ordered data values.

a. lower quartile
b. upper quartile
c. primary data
d. middle quartile

ANSWER: B
Frequency distribution is considered as positively skewed if all values of distribution moves
to_____.
a. lower tail
b. upper tail
c. median tail
d. variance tail

ANSWER: B
The height of a student is 60 inches. This is an example of__________.
a. discrete data
b. qualitative data
c. continuous data
d. categorised data

ANSWER: C
Which of the following measurements divide a set of observations into equal parts?
a. Standard deviations
b. Variance
c. Correlation
d. Quartiles

ANSWER: D
The sum of the percentage frequencies for all classes will always equal_____.
a. one
b. the number of items in the study
c. the number of classes
d. 100

ANSWER: D
__________ means one variable (one type of data example distance travelled in kilometres:
14, 12, 11, 22, and 44).
a. Univariate data
b. Tripatite data
c. Bivariate data
d. Nominal data

ANSWER: A
If a distribution has more than three modes, then the distribution is termed__________.
a. uni-modal
b. tri-modal
c. bi-modal
d. multi-modal

ANSWER: D
The algebraic sum of deviations from mean is_______.
a. Maximum
b. Undefined
c. Minimum
d. Zero

ANSWER: D
In calculating r with raw scores, the numerator of r represents___________.
a. the covariance of X and Y
b. the variance of X
c. the variance of Y
d. the variance of X multiplied by the variance of Y
ANSWER: A
 Which of the following is used to represent a known value for the population variance?
a. s
b. s2
c. σ
d. σ2

ANSWER: D
Which measure of the central location is meaningful when the data is nominal for example colour
of jerseys and marital status?
a. The arithmetic mean and geometric mean
b. The mode
c. The arithmetic mean
d. Geometric mean

ANSWER: B
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the mean?
a. It minimizes the sum of squared deviations.
b. The sum of the deviations about the mean is 0.
c. It is affected by extreme scores.
d. It is best used with ordinal data.

ANSWER: D
Which of the following is affected mostly by outliers?
a. Mode
b. Standard deviation
c. Variance
d. Range

ANSWER: D
Measures of central tendency are________.
a. descriptive statistics that identify the best single value for representing a set of data
b. inferential statistics that identify the best single value for representing a set of data
c. descriptive statistics that identify the spread of the scores in a data set
d. inferential statistics that identify the spread of the scores in a data set

ANSWER: C
Which option is INCORRECT regarding dispersion in statistics?
a. Dispersion is also known as scatter.
b. Dispersion is also known as spread.
c. Dispersion is also known as variability.
d. Dispersion is also known as parameter.

ANSWER: D
A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several
classes is a____.
a. frequency distribution
b. frequency
c. relative frequency distribution
d. cumulative frequency distribution

ANSWER: C
Measurement techniques used to measure the extent of skewness in data set values are
called_____.
a. measure of skewness
b. measure of tail distribution
c. measure of distribution width
d. measure of median tail

ANSWER: A
__________ is a central location statistic that can be identified by mere inspection of the
ungrouped data set.
a. Mean
b. Mode
c. Quartile
d. Standard deviation

ANSWER: B
An __________ is an extreme value in a given data set.
a. outlier
b. quartile
c. range
d. minimal

ANSWER: A
The mean is_____.

a. the middlemost score

b. the statistical or arithmetic average
c. the most frequently occurring score
d. the best representation for every set of data

ANSWER: B
According to percentiles, median to be measured must lie in_________.
a. 100th
b. 50th
c. 80th
d. 40th

ANSWER: B
Identify that is NOT a characteristics of variance.
a. It is the value in a given aggregate which would obtain if all the values were equal.
b. It is not affected by extreme values.
c. All observations are used in the calculation.
d. It is the most widely used and reliable measure of dispersion.

ANSWER: A
In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data, ______.
a. the grouped data result is more accurate than the ungrouped result
b. the ungrouped data result is more accurate than the grouped result
c. the grouped data computations are used only when a population is being analysed
d. data values are treated as if they occur at the midpoint of a class

ANSWER: D
Range is the simplest measure of dispersion. Which of the following formulas is used to calculate
range.
a. range – maximum value
b. range– minimum value
c. maximum value – minimum value
d. minimum value – medium value
ANSWER: D
Which of the following options is the measure of dispersion?
a. Inter-Quartile range
b. 50th percentile
c. Variance
d. The range

ANSWER: B
Frequency distribution is considered as negatively skewed if all values of distribution move
to_____.
a. median tail
b. upper tail
c. lower tail
d. variance tail

ANSWER: C

The standard deviation of a sample of 100 observations equals 64. The variance of the sample
equals______.

a. 8
b. 4,096
c. 10
d. 6,400

ANSWER: B
The variance of a sample of 81 observations equals 64. The standard deviation of the sample
equals______.
a. 6,561
b. 4096
c. 8
d. 0

ANSWER: A
Which locational formulae is used to identify the upper quartile of a data set?
a. 0.75
b. 0.75(n+1)
c. 0.25n
d. 0.75n-100

ANSWER: B
Given the following set of data, what is the range? [12, 23, 34, 54, 21, 8, 9 and 67]
a. 56
b. 59
c. 8
d. 55

ANSWER: B
Using the following data set: 50, 60, 40, 30, 70, 90 and 80, the 50th percentile of the data set
is______.
a. 50
b. 40
c. 30
d. 25

ANSWER: C
Using the following data set: 50, 60, 40, 30, 70, 90 and 80, the interquartile range of the data set
is_____.
a. 80
b. 40
c. 30
d. 60

ANSWER: B
Using the following data set: 50, 60, 40, 30, 70, 90 and 80, the semi-interquartile range of the
data set is_____.
a. 25
b. 20
c. 40
d. 50

ANSWER: B
The __________ divides an ordered set of data values into two equal halves that is, 50 percent
of the data values lie below it and the other 50 percent above it.
a. average
b. modal class
c. value
d. median

ANSWER: D
sing the following data set: 50, 60, 40, 30, 70, 90 and 80, which of the following is the lower
quartile of the data set?

a. 2
b. 30
c. 40
d. 80

ANSWER: C
Given the following data set, what is the value of the median? [2, 4, 3, 6, 1, 8, 9, 2, 5 and 7]
a. 4.7
b. 4.5
c. 10
d. 2

ANSWER: B
Sample A consists of 9, 3, 8, 12, 4, 9 and 8. What is the value of n for this sample?
a. 8
b. 7
c. 14
d. 3

ANSWER: B
In a sample of 800 students in a university, 20% of this sample are Business majors. Based on
the above information, the school's paper reported that 20% of all the students at the university
are Business majors." This report is an example of______.

a. a population
b. a sample
c. descriptive statistics
d. statistical inference

ANSWER: D
If all the values fall on the same straight line and the line has a positive slope then what will
be the value of the correlation coefficient “r”?

a. r = -1
b. r = +1
c. r ≥ 0
d. 0 ≤ r ≤ 1
ANSWER: B
 In the model Y = mX + a, Y is also known as the_____.
a. predicted (dependent) variable
b. independent variable
c. explanatory variable
d. predictor variable

ANSWER: A
If the regression equation is equal to Y = 23.6 – 54.4X, the 23.6 is the _____ while -54.2 is
the _____ of the regression line.
a. radius, intercept
b. intercept, slope
c. slope, regression coefficient
d. slope, intercept

ANSWER: B
If the equation of regression line is y = 5, then what result will you take out from this?
a. The line passes through (5, 0)
b. This line is parallel to x-axis
c. The line is parallel to y-axis
d. The line passes through origin

ANSWER: C
A regression equation was computed to be Y = 35 + 6X. The value of 35 indicates_______.
a. the coefficient of determination
b. y-intercept where the regression line cuts the y-axis
c. the slope
d. X-intercept where the regression line cuts the X-axis

ANSWER: B
A researcher finds a correlation of 0.40 between personal income and the number of years of
college completed. Based upon this finding he can conclude that_________.
a. more years of education are associated with higher income
b. more years of education causes higher income
c. personal income is a positively skewed variable
d. a person who attended four years of college will have an annual income of R40,000

ANSWER: A
If the regression equation is equal to Y=23.6−54.2X, then 23.6 is the _____ while -54.2 is the
____ of the regression line.
a. intercept, slope
b. radius, intercept
c. slope, intercept
d. slope, regression coefficient
ANSWER:A