Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan 23

EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS
&
RESPONSE PLAN
PROJECT ASSESSMENT
THE ASSOCITION OF ENGINEER’S ,INDIA

1A-11, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA-700097
COURSE:- ADVANCE DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
PROJECT PAPER
PRENTED BY
NAME- DIPANKAR PRADHAN

SEM-3rd ,ROLL-12
REG. NO.-
https://boilersinfo.com
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN
Acknowledgement
I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support
and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of
them.
I am highly indebted to THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their
support in completing the project.
I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of THE ASSOCIATION
ENGINEER’S INDIA for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of
this project.
I would also like to thank my project external guide Mr. BASU ROY, and Mr. BIMAL
MUKHOPADHYAY all the people who provided me with the facilities being required and conductive
conditions for my EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS project.
My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and people who have
willingly helped me out with their abilities.
Dipankar pradhan
Student of : THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA

Course : Advance Diploma In Industrial safety
Semester : 3rd , Roll : 12, Year : 2016-17
REG, NO. :
Page 1
Chapter No. Title of chapter Page No.
i Cover Page 00
ii Acknowledgement 01
iii Table of contents 02
1.0 Purpose & Scope 03
1.1 Objectives 03
Emergency & Disaster – Concept
2.0 03
Clarification
Emergency Mapping in Building
3.0 08
Construction Project
Implication of Emergency in Building
4.0 10
Construction Project
5.0 Principle of Managing Emergency 11
Evolving Emergency Preparedness &

6.0 12
Response Plan
7.0 Responsibility Matrix 23
Emergency Preparedness and Response

8.0 23
Team
9.0 Records and References 27
10.0 Emergency Prevention Consideration 27
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1.0 PURPOSE & SCOPE

Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan (EPRP) envisages serving the following purposes;
 Prevention of loss of human life and injury

 Prevention of damage to the immediate environment which includes flora and fauna
 Provide a mechanism to evolve EPRP, execute it, review and update it continually
 Maintain Business Continuity through cycle of prevention, preparedness, response, recovery and
mitigation
1.1 OBJECTIVES
The plan covers all foreseeable emergency scenarios associated with project in its construction phase.
An on-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in hazardous installation and effects
are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the factory. On-site Emergency
Plan to deal with such eventualities is the responsibility of the occupier and is mandatory. Apart from
the provisions in the Hazardous Chemicals Rules, Section 41 B (4) of the factories act, 1948 (as amended)
it is also required that every occupier is to draw up an on-site emergency plan with detailed disaster
control measures for the factory and to educate the workers employed in the factory premises
The obligation of an occupier of hazardous chemicals to prepare an emergency plan is stipulated in
Rule 13 of the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989.
2.0 EMERGENCY AND DISASTER – CONCEPT CLARIFICATION
2.1 EMERGENCY
An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. Most
emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some
situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the
aftermath.
While some emergencies are self-evident (such as a natural disaster that threatens many lives), many
smaller incidents require the subjective opinion of an observer (or affected party) in order to decide
whether it qualifies as an emergency.
The precise definition of an emergency, the agencies involved and the procedures used, vary by
jurisdiction, and this is usually set by the government and the concerned organization, whose agencies
(emergency services) are responsible for emergency planning and management.
2.2 DISASTER
A disaster is a natural or man-made event that negatively affects life, property, livelihood or industry
often resulting in permanent changes to human societies, ecosystems and environment.
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Disasters may have different nomenclature depending upon the context. Here are common alternative
terms and contextual uses:
Business Interruption – Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote an event that affects
normal business operations.
Catastrophe – Insurance specialists use this phrase to denote a disaster beyond actuarial expectations.
Sr. Category/Type Description

No.
Emergency/ Natural Disaster
1 Earthquake An earthquake is a trembling or a

shaking movement of the Earth's
surface. Earthquakes typically result
from the movement of faults, quasi-
planar zones of deformation within
its uppermost layers
2 Fire The word fire is used to refer to the

combination of the brilliant glow and
large amount of heat released during
a rapid, self-sustaining exothermic
oxidation process of combustible
gases ejected from a fuel.
3 Epidemic An epidemic is generally a widespread disease that affects many individuals in a

population
4 Flood A flood is an overflow of water,

an expanse of water
submerging land, a deluge.
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5 Hurricane also A tropical cyclone (or

called typhoon tropical storm, typhoon
or cyclone or hurricane, depending
on strength and location)
is a type of low-pressure
system which generally
forms in the tropics.
While some, particularly
those that make landfall
in populated areas, are
regarded as highly
destructive, tropical cyclones are an important part of the atmospheric circulation
system, which moves heat from the equatorial region toward the higher latitudes
6 Thunderstorm A thunderstorm is a form

of severe weather
characterized by the
presence of lightning and
its attendant thunder. It
is often accompanied by
copious rainfall, or, on
occasion, snowfall
7 Storm surge A storm surge is an

onshore rush of water
associated with a low
pressure weather
system, typically a
tropical cyclone. Storm
surge is caused primarily
by high winds pushing on
the ocean's surface.
Storm surges are
particularly damaging
when they occur at the time of a high tide, combining the effects of the surge .

No
.
Emergency/ Natural Disaster
8 Tornado A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a twisting, funnel-shaped cloud.
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9 Tsunami A tsunami is a natural phenomenon consisting of a series of waves generated when

water in a lake or the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale. Earthquakes,
landslides, volcanic eruptions and large meteorite impacts all have the potential to
generate a tsunami. The effects of a tsunami can range from unnoticeable to
devastation.
10 Landslide, A landslide is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground

Mudslide movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows
Man-Made Emergency
1 Arson Arson is the crime of setting a fire with intent to cause damage.
2 Civil Disorder Civil disorder is a broad term that is typically used by law enforcement to describe
one or more forms of disturbance. Civil disturbance is typically a symptom of severe
cultural issues. Typically, the severity of the action coincides with public outrage.
Examples of civil disorder include, but are not necessarily limited to: parades; sit-ins;
or riots; sabotage; and other forms of crime. It is intended to be a demonstration to
the public and the government, but can escalate into general chaos
3 Crime A crime can be the action of violating or breaking the law, having the intention of
doing so or helping others in the process. Example – murder, rape, fighting, theft etc.
4 Public Relation Conflict of interest, cultural conflict, non-fulfilment of aspiration, loss of trust with
Crisis people, worker’s/ neighbour’s hostilities etc. leading to social unrest or worker
unrest.

No
.
Man-Made Emergency
5 Power Outage A power outage is the loss of the electricity supply to an area.
6 Communicatio A communication outage is the loss of the connectivity (phone, email & mobile)
n Outage supply to an area.
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7 Terrorism Terrorism refers to the use of violence for the purpose of achieving a political,
religious, or ideological goal. The targets
of terrorist acts can be government
officials, military personnel,
people serving the interests of
governments, or civilians. Acts of terror
against military targets tend to blend into
a strategy of guerrilla warfare. However,
one man's terrorist is another man's
freedom fighter. Random violence against
civilians (non-combatants) is the type of
action most widely condemned as "terrorism."
8 War War is conflict, between relatively large groups of people, which involves physical
force inflicted by the use of weapons. Other terms for war include armed conflict,
hostilities, and police action.
9 Incident Work related event(s) in which

an injury or ill health (regardless
of severity) or fatality occurred
or could have occurred.
Note 1- An accident is an
incident which has given rise to
injury, ill health or fatality.
Note 2 -An incident where no
injury, ill health, or fatality
occurs may also be referred as a
“near-miss”, “near-hit”, “close call” or “dangerous occurrence”.
Note 3 - An emergency situation is a particular type of incident.
10 Fire Same as above under natural
disaster
11 Occupational The term occupational disease refers to those illnesses caused by exposures at the
Diseases workplace. They should be separated, conceptually, from injuries that may also may
occur at workplaces due to a variety of hazards
Crisis – Disaster Management and Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote an event
that requires activation of Crisis Management organizations.
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Disruption – Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote a disaster that interrupts normal
business or technical processes.
Event – Disaster Management specialists use this phrase as a catch-all for disasters.
Outage – This phrase is used by Information Security specialists to denote a service or process failure.
Emergency & Disaster:
Emergency & Disaster are used interchangeably as synonym to each other for all practical purposes in
order to facilitate developing and implementing holistic preparedness, response and recovery and
mitigation plan.
3.0 EMERGENCY MAPPING IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Natural: Natural emergencies arise without direct human involvement, but can become more severe
because of human actions prior, during or after the disaster itself. Also, one specific event may spawn
another type of disaster. For example, a hurricane may cause flooding by excessive rain or by pulling
seawater onshore, also called a storm surge.
A volcanic eruption is particularly prone to spawning additional events like earthquakes, structural fires
and wildfires, flooding from melting of mountain snow and ice, landslides, mudslides, thunderstorms
and, if the volcano is located in or near the ocean, tsunamis.
Man-made: Emergencies having an element of human intent or negligence are called man-made
disasters. However, some of these events can also occur as the result of a natural emergency.
In particular to Tata Housing Development Company Ltd., a mapping of potential emergency scenarios
is presented in the Table-1.
The mapping is based on the nature of the project, its geography, and demography.
TABLE-1: POTENTIAL EMERGENCY SCENARIOS IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
SOME OTHER POTENTIAL EMERGENCIES ON A CONSTRUCTION SITE ARE:
Collapse of a slab
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Toppling of a Tower
Crane
Electrical leakage
and shocks
Falling from height
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Collapse of
Scaffolding,
Builders/Passengers
hoists
Explosion of Gas
Cylinders used for
Gas Cutting works
4.0 IMPLICATIONS OF EMERGENCY IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Depending upon severity, emergency situation can have serious implication to life and health of the
employee, property (raw materials, work-in-progress, machinery, equipment) and the local
environment. As a result project construction plan may be disrupted. Disaster posed by a danger to life,
health, property and environment is summarized hereunder.
4.1 Dangers to Life
Emergency scenarios can cause an immediate danger to the life of people involved. This can range from
emergencies affecting a single person, such as the entire range of medical emergencies including heavy
bleeding due to severe injury, heart attacks, strokes, and trauma, to incidents that affect large numbers
of people such as collapse of structure, fire, natural disasters including tornadoes, hurricanes, floods,
and mudslides.
Most agencies consider these to be the highest priority of emergency, which follows the general school
of thought that nothing, is more important than human life.
4.2 Dangers to Occupational Health
Sometimes emergency scenarios are not immediately threatening to life, but might have serious
implications for the continued health and well-being of a person or persons. Emergency may result in
danger to occupational health in many ways
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 Contamination of food/ water supply

 Disruption of occupational health services
 Poor sanitary conditions
 Poisoning of environment as a result of decay & decomposition of biodegradable
 Pest multiplication & encroachment
 Snake bite
 Epidemic diseases
4.3 Dangers to Property
Danger to property includes loss of production/ materials/ tools, damage to machinery/ equipment/
structure, and disruption of supply including power, communication and raw materials.
4.4 Dangers to the Environment

Disaster not only endangers life, health or property, but do affect the natural environment and creatures
living within it. Not all agencies consider this to be a genuine emergency, but it can have far reaching
effects on man and animals and the long term condition of the land. Examples would include oil spills,
spread of debris, contamination of water body, ground water, agricultural land etc.
5.0 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGING EMERGENCY
There are many protocols emergency services applied in an emergency, which usually start with planning
before an emergency occurs. Emergency management revolves around four pillars; Preparedness,
Response, Recovery & Mitigation in a cyclic order. Conspicuously, it is a dynamic process aimed at
continual improvement. Commonly used system emergency management is depicted here under.
A graphic representation of the four phases in emergency management
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The planning phase starts at preparedness, where the projects decide on how they shall respond to a
given emergency scenario. This should ideally include lines of command and control, and division of
activities between agencies (THDCL, Contractors, and Government & Non-Government Agencies). This
avoids potentially negative situations such as duplication of effort.
Following an emergency occurring, the projects then move to a response phase, where they shall
execute their plans, and may end up improvising some areas of their response (due to gaps in the
planning phase, which are inevitable due to the individual nature of most incidents).
Projects may then be involved in recovery following the incident, where they shall assist in the clearing
up from the incident, or help the people involved overcome their mental trauma.
The final phase in the circle is mitigation, which involves taking steps to ensure no re-occurrence is
possible, or putting additional plans in place to ensure less damage is done. This provides feedback in to
the preparedness stage, with updated plans in place to deal with future emergencies, thus completing
the circle.
6.0 EVOLVING EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP)
6.1 IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL EMERGENCY
 In reference to Table 1, select potential emergency considering nature of project and its
environmental settings. List the selected emergency scenario in column 2 in Table 2.
 Formulate risk statement against each emergency listed in column 2. Mention risk statement in
column 3 in Table 2.
 Evaluate Risk Level
The risk is the outcome of hazards (emergency) and depends upon the severity and probability of
hazards (emergency). Accordingly, risk associated with emergency is determined by multiplying
severity and probability factors (as tabulated below). Mention Risk Level in column 4 in Table 2.
Risks and Impact/ consequences identified by committee comprising of representatives of THDCL,
and major contractors in Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and determining controls (HIRAC)
and Environmental Impact Assessment Control (EIAC) form input to EPRP.
External expert and local agency may also be consulted in the process.
Risk Level = Severity (S) X Probability (P)

S Severity Impact
1 Negligible Slight injury or health effects (including first aid and medical treatment
cases) not affecting work performance or causing disability, negligible
property & environment damage.
2 Marginal Minor injury or health effects-affecting work performance e.g. restriction to
activities or need a time off to recover (Lost time accident) reversible health
effects, e.g. skin irritation, food poisoning. Marginal property & environment
damage.
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3 Critical Major injury or health effects (including permanent disability) – affecting

work performance in longer term, e.g. irreversible health damage without
loss of life (loss of /damage to limbs, noise induced hearing loss, chronic back
injuries). Noticeable property and environment damage.
4 Severe Single fatality or permanent total disability or major occupational illness.
Substantial damage to property and environment.
5 Catastrophic Multiple fatalities from an incident or Occupational chronic illness leading to
death/ fatality (poisoning, cancer). Extensive damage to property and
environment.
6.2 COMPONENTS OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP)

An emergency having medium risk (cautionary risk) to high risk (critical risk) associated with it needs to
be treated as non-tolerable or unacceptable. Projects use Periodic Management Attention and
Continuous Management Attention as a strategic tool to manage cautionary risk and critical risk
respectively.
Accordingly, Project Specific Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan is evolved incorporating five
components;
 Prevention
 Preparedness
 Response
 Recovery
 Mitigation
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TABLE 2: IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL EMERGENCY
Risk Level Managem

Sr. Potential (4)
Risk Statement ent
No. Emergency
(3) Strategy
(1) (2) Risk= Categ
S P (6)
SXP ory
High Monsoon / Flooding at construction Continuous
1 Monsoon zone, inaccessibility of site/office, damage to 5 3 15 H Manageme
equipment /machinery, growth of weeds, nt
snake infestation. Attention
An earthquake is a trembling or a shaking Under
2 Earthquake movement of the Earth's surface. 5 1 5 L control
Earthquakes typically result from the
movement of faults, quasi-planar zones of
deformation within its uppermost layers
A tropical cyclone is a type of low-pressure Periodic

3 Cyclone system which generally forms in the tropics. 5 2 10 M Manageme
While some, particularly those that make nt
landfall in populated Attention
areas, are regarded as highly destructive,
tropical cyclones are an important part of the
atmospheric
circulation system, which moves heat from
the equatorial region toward the higher
latitudes.
The word fire is used to refer to the Continuous

4 Fire combination of the brilliant glow and large 5 3 15 H Manageme
amount of heat released during a rapid, self nt
sustaining Attention
exothermic oxidation process of
Combustible gases ejected from a fuel.
An accident is an unexpected and unplanned Continuous

5 Accident event, which has a probability of causing 4 4 16 H Manageme
personal injury, property damage or both. nt
Attention
A power outage is the loss of the electricity Under
6 Power supply to an area. 2 3 6 L Control
Outage
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The various facets of these components are summarized in Table-3 as guiding principles for
consideration, selection and inclusion in emergency response plans of projects.
TABLE 3: COMPONENTS OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP)
Components Explanation/Associated Elements
Prevention Prevention may not be always practical in case of natural disasters. But certain
planning consideration (refer Annexure I) can help minimize the impacts during
above emergency situation.
Contrary, towards man-made emergency, prevention can be quite effective.
Example- incidents and occupational diseases can be prevented by applying various
controls; elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative & personal
Preparedness It involves developing mechanism towards emergency preparedness

a. Defining EPR team structure at project level (Refer Section 7.0)
b. Demarcation of roles, responsibility & authority
c. Determining line of command and control
d. Allocation of resources including training
e. Developing & maintaining inventory of emergency management equipment’s
Preparedness also involves periodical testing through planned Mock Drill & Table
Top exercises
Response Response is execution of preparedness plans and typically involves,

a. Put preparedness plan in execution
b. Evaluate its effectiveness i.e. determine the gap between the plan and the
execution
c. Revisit plan and improve it in view of gap analysis (as part of Mitigation)
d. Incorporate the learning’s for continual improvement
Recover Response is followed by recovery wherein projects need to take steps to bring back
normalcy as soon as possible. The focus should be to maintain continuity of business
by minimizing / eliminating disruptions and delays.
Typically recovery involves the following (but not limited to)
a. Clear up from the incident or help the people involved overcome their mental
trauma
b. Consultation and coordination with contractors, suppliers and internal
functions to streamline the work and the supply
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c. Repair/ renovate offices, Labour camps, stores, work fronts,

machinery/equipment
d. Sanitization of entire area including canteen and utilities- water supply, wash
rooms, & toilets/ urinals
e. Pest Control
f. Preventive Health Check-up & consultation
g. Reorganizing workforce and re-inducting them
Mitigation Mitigation involves taking steps to ensure no re-occurrence is possible, or putting

additional plans in place to ensure less damage is done next time. This should
feedback in to the preparedness stage, with updated plans in place to deal with future
emergencies.
6.3 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP)

In consideration with components of EPRP (as mentioned at section 5.2), project
specific EPRP is developed by the project team in a particular format as given in Table
4.
Tips for preparing plan:
 Have one plan sheet for one emergency scenario. Every emergency having
cautionary or critical risk need to be covered
 Emergency Preparedness & Response Team (refer Section 7.0) can be the same for
all emergency situations. Project should take a call to have one or more team for
emergency situation management.
 For every emergency; all the five components as indicated in the format (Table 4)
should be populated.
TABLE 4: EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN
Plan
Components Incident -01
Prevention  Edge barricading to all openings on the floor, floor edge, ducts and
excavated places.
 Safety and warning signage shall be placed at hazardous areas.
Safety induction and TBT Shall be carried out on site for all workforces.
 PPE Shall be mandatory on site for all.
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Preparedness  Continuous supervision of safe working environment.

 Special training shall be conducted on site to deal with any type of
incident.
 Sufficient stretcher shall be kept on site for immediate response during
incident. Availability of first aider, First aid box and medical health
center.
 Implementation of BOCW requirements other clauses of various rules
and regulations as per the ROR on sites
Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology):

Incident evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan.
Line of method:
 Emergency siren will be blown to alarm all workmen & staff.
 Everyone will gather at assembly point. Head count will be
administrated.
 Meanwhile, Rescue team members will rescue the victims.
 Victim will be moved to Occupational Health Centre or nearby hospital
(if required).
 Situation will be brought under control and then all clear siren will be
blown to inform all.
Response  As to see the effectiveness of the preparedness plan for an incident it

shall be executed at site as per the plan.
 Its Effectiveness shall be evacuated to understand the gap between the
plan and the execution on the basis of timelines,roles and
responsibilities given to EPRT members.
Recovery  The sufferer of the incident shall be provided with adequate medical
facilities to recuperate from the incident.
Mitigation  Additional plans will be put up in place to avoid any kind of incident on
site during work.
Plan Components Monsoon ( Flood ) - 02
Prevention  Proper dewatering and drainage system shall be implemented on site to

avoid flooding.
 Site is under flood area or not, this shall be confirmed through the local
emergency management office.
 To avoid electrical hazard during monsoon ELCB system shall be used. In
addition, to all the electrical cable joints shall be properly insulated.
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Preparedness  Dewatering pumps shall be purchased and placed all over the site during
monsoon.
 Drainage system shall be specially designed for flooding so that water
log jam is avoided.
 All construction equipment/machinery/official documental records
shall be ready to shift at a safe place where flood could damage the
same.
 All Electrical Distribution equipment shall keep under weather proof
shade on proper elevated platform.
Emergency evacuation drill will be carried as per Mock Drill Plan.
line of Method :-
• Emergency siren will be blown.
• All workers will be gathered at Assembly point.
• Head Counting
• Rescue the victims.
• Emergency stopped up siren will be blown
Response  As to see the effectiveness of the Preparedness plan for monsoon it
shall be executed at site as per the plan.
 Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the
plan and the execution on the basis of response timelines, roles and
Recovery  To recover from the monsoon disaster Immediate Repair/renovation
shall be done for offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts,
machinery/equipment.
 Pesticides shall be used all over the flooded or water logged area to
avoid any health contamination on site.
 Medical check-up for all workforces shall be done to ensure and
control epidemic situation on site.
Mitigation  Additional plans (as per observation during mock drill) shall be put up
in place to ensure less damage and losses should occur during
monsoon.
 Monsoon prevention plans shall be updated time to time to deal with
future emergencies.
Plan Earthquake - 03
Components
Prevention  Inspect every item that could fall, spill, break or move during an
 Earthquake & remove it from floor edge.
 Follow safety codes & building codes for building earthquake
resistance structure when constructing a project. Project should be
inspected by structural engineer.
 Heavy items shall be moved away from where people work.
 Fixed equipment and heavy machinery shall be secured to the
 floor.
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Preparedness  Disaster management accessories shall be maintained at site.

 Assembly point shall be notified at an open specific place for all
 to gather whenever the earth quake takes place on site emergency
contact nos. shall be displayed all over the site.
 All workforces shall follow the EPRT member’s instruction.
Emergency evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan.
line of Method :-
 Emergency siren will be blown.
 All workers will be gathered at Assembly point.
 Head Counting
 Rescue the victims.
 Emergency stopped up siren will be blown.
Response  Preparedness plan effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the
gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines,
roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members.
Recovery  To recover from the Earthquake incident Check with INSURANCE
bodies for life & property damages and Immediate Repair/renovation
shall be done for offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts,
machinery/equipment.
 Immediate reorganizing of work force shall be done to maintain
continuity of business without any delay.
 Moral support shall be given to workmen to come out from the
confrontation.
Mitigation  Additional plans shall be put up in place to ensure less damage and
losses should occur during earthquake.
 Earthquake and other Disaster management plans shall be updated
time to time to deal with future emergencies.
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Plan Cyclone - 04
Components
Prevention  Structures shall be built to withstand wind forces.
 Houses shall be strengthened to resist wind and flood damage.
 All elements holding the structures shall be properly anchored to resist the uplift
or flying off of the objects. For example, avoid large overhangs of roofs, and the
projections should be tied down
 A row of planted trees all around the site shall act as a shield. It reduces the
energy.
 Buildings should be wind and water resistant.
 All Communication on lines should be installed underground on site.
Preparedness  Continuous co-ordination with the weather forecast department shall be kept
to implement the effective warning system on site for cyclone and other
natural disasters.
 Provide strong public room for community shelter in vulnerable locations
inside the site.
 The entire workforce shall be evacuated from site as soon as the cyclone
warning will be declared.
 Provide evacuation plan with demarcated area for gathering (public room/
shelter)Training shall be provided to evacuation team for accurate and
immediate response at the time of cyclone.
line of Method :-
 All workers will be gathered at public room/shelter.Head Counting
 Rescue the victims if anyone is trapped at a place where cyclone
 may turn up.
 Govt. Disaster management Cell /NGO will be immediately
 Informed for further help.
Response  As to see the effectiveness of the EPRP for cyclone, it shall be executed at site
as per the plan.
 Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan
and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and responsibilities given to
EPRT members.
Recovery  To recover from the cyclone disaster losses and damage, necessary medical
and other required help shall be taken from
 Government bodies or local NGO’s.
 Moral Support shall be given to the cyclone affected people to
 come out from the situation.
 Proper pest control and other medical checkups shall be done to ensure that to
ensure and control epidemic situation on site.
 Check with INSURANCE bodies for property & life damages.
Mitigation  Additional plans (as per observation during mock drill) shall be put up in place
to ensure less damage and losses should occur during cyclone.
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 cyclone prevention plans shall be updated time to time to deal with future
emergencies
Plan Fire - 05
Components
Prevention  All the flammable material shall be kept at a designated place.
 Fire extinguishers, fire buckets etc. Shall be put up all across the site.
 Operational Training for fire extinguishers will be given to all.
Preparedness  Fire prevention accessories shall be maintained at site.
 Assembly point and fire exit shall be notified at a specific place for all to
gather whenever the fire takes place on site.
 Fire exit shall be away from debris. Contact nos. of local Fire brigade
and Fire Marshalls as well as nearest hospitals shall be displayed all over
the site.
 The site shall be having its own First Aid Centre and Emergency Vehicle
Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology
line of Method :-
 All workers will be gathered at Assembly point.
 Head Counting
 Rescue the victims.
 Fire will be put out by fire Marshalls or fire brigade.
Response  As to see the effectiveness of the Preparedness plan for Fire it will be
executed at site as per the plan.
plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and
Recovery  To recover from the Fire; Immediate renovation shall be done for
offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts,
 Machinery/equipment, also all this will be recovered with the help of
insurance.
 Immediate reorganizing of work force will be done to maintain
continuity of business without any delay.
Mitigation  Additional plans will be put up in place to ensure less destruction and
losses should occur during fire and for this additional insurance plan will
be introduced.
 Fire Drill will be reorganized time to time to compact with future
emergencies.
Page 21
Plan Power Outage - 06

Components
Prevention  Continuous inspection for power connections. Every distribution boards
should have ELCB.
 All electrical wire be routed above safe distance / guarded underground.
 Permits from local electrical authorities before any work start at
electrical connection area.
Preparedness  Standby power source like generators, inverters / torch shall be arranged
in case power outage.
 All cables shall be guarded to avoid any damage during work.
 Only license holder / competent electrician will carry out electrical work.
Power Outage evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan.
line of Method :-
 Emergency lights will be blown automatically or manually.
 Rescue the victims if any
 Call to local electrical authority
 Emergency stopped up siren will be blown after Power come.
Response  As to see the effectiveness of the EPRP for a power outage it shall be
executed at site as per the plan.
plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and
Recovery To recover from the power outage immediate help shall be done for sufferer.
Emergency power will be placed.
DG Sets shall be used to avoid the disruption in work.
Mitigation Additional plans shall be put up in place to ensure less / zero power outage will
occur during work.
Page 22
7.0 RESPONSIBILITY MATRIX
Components Responsibility
Primary Supporting
Developing & authorizing Emergency

Preparedness & Response Plan
(EPRP)
Mapping resources for EPRP
Resources allocation for EPRP
Mock Drill
Table Top Exercise
Execution of EPRP
Recovery & Mitigation
Note – Project EHS Coordinator assists “Project Head” in discharging his duties
8.0 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE TEAM (EPRT)
Main Controller
Liaison Officer/Communication Officer

Incident Controller
Head Marshal First Aid In-charge External Agency Internal Agency
Page 23
Position in Designation/Organization Name & Contact Number
Main Controller
Incident Controller
Liaison Officer /
Communication
Officer
Head - Marshal
First Aid In-charge
8.1 Roles, Responsibility, Accountability and Authority of EPRT members
Main Controller
In an unlikely event of occurrence of an emergency, the Main Controller will be

responsible for handling the emergency. The Main Controller will function with all
powers within his command within the premise.
On receipt of an Emergency call the Main Controller will;
 Control and direct the overall situation from the Emergency Control Area.
 Assess the magnitude of the situation & decide if workforce (employees, contractors)
and visitors needs to be evacuated to the assembly point.
 Exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected.
 Inform and direct the Incident Controller.
 Inform the Top Management i.e., MD & CEO, REC and Management Representative
about the incident.
 Maintain a continuous review of possible development with Incident Controller &
other key personnel.
 Gather information about the headcount from the incident controller and make sure
that there is no personnel trapped in the building and all employees, contractors and
visitors are accounted for at their respective assembly point.
 Control the return to normal operations after the emergency.
 Maintain a record of the Incident or emergency.
 Deal with press cautiously after consultation with the Top Management and Corporate
Communications.
Page 24
 Issue statements to employees and the public media through Corporate

Communications.
 After receiving the information about the injured person, if admitted, inform the Top
Management about their progress and health.
Incident Controller
On hearing of an emergency, he will rush to the site of the occurrence & take overall
charge & report to Main Controller. On arrival to the site of incident he will assess the
scale of emergency & decide if major emergency exists & inform the Main Controller
accordingly.
 Gather the information from the Floor Marshal of the affected area / floor.
 Inform and direct the Floor Marshals.
 Direct all operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safe evacuation
of personnel and then to minimize damage to the property & environment.
 Provide advice & information to the trained fire fighters & the local fire service as and
when they arrive.
 Report on all significant developments to the Main Controller.
 Responsible for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into the causes
& circumstances, which caused /escalated the emergency.
 Provide advice on possible effects on areas outside the premises.
 Make on the spot investigation and report the same to the Main Controller.
 Receive reports from Floor Marshal’s from assembly points & pass on the absentee
information to the Main Controller.
 Never allow any press personnel to take photographs and not allow them near the
incident. If still insist, take permission of the Main Controller and decide on further
course of action.
 Never give any statement to the press personnel.
 Ensure that the non-concerned personnel are evacuated from the scene of the
emergency.
Liaison Officer/ communication Officer
 Will be stationed at the Emergency Control Centre i.e., Project office during the
emergency.
 Will undertake the instructions from the Main Controller.
 Under the direction of the Main controller, handle police, press & other enquiries.
Liaison with senior officials of Police, Fire Brigade, Medical & Directorate of Industrial
Safety & Health & other government officials.
Page 25
 Communicate with officers of the public emergency services like Fire Brigade/
Ambulance/ Police as per the directives of Main Controller.
 Give the information about number of visitors at site to the Main Controller.
 Provide guidance to fire brigade on how to reach the project site.
 Restrict / block all non-essential telephone calls.
 In case of failure of telephone system arrange runners for effective communication
between the Main controller and Incident Controller.
 Update the Incident controller about arrival of fire brigade and ambulance services.
Marshal
 Should take directions from Incident Controller for immediate evacuation of

personnel.
 Be responsible for the head counts at the Assembly Point and pass on the information
to the Incident Controller and Main Controller.
 Inform the Incident Controller whether or not all the employees, contractors and
visitors have reached the designated assembly point.
 Without taking undue risk, should salvage important files and documents before
leaving the floors.
 Should provide directions for first aid and firefighting.
Fire marshal
 To lead the team to floor.

 Wait for the announcement/ instruction.
 Lead the occupants through the staircase/safe access to the assembly point.
 Fighting fire.
 Line the occupants up for the head count.
 Report status to Emergency Commander.
 Assist in re-entry process.
First Aider
 Keep team advised of any injury/ serious injury of casualty.

 Assist in treatment of casualties & render first aid as required.
 Make arrangement for ambulance.
 Report status to Emergency Commander
Page 26
9.0 RECORDS AND REFERENCES
As part of Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan, project generates and maintains
certain records for references and review.
 List of Marshals – Area/ Contractor Wise
 List of Trained First Aiders
 First Aid Box Inventory
 Fire Extinguishers Inventory
 Emergency Equipment Inventory
 Mock Drill Report
 Emergency Contacts
10.0 EMERGENCY PREVENTION CONSIDERATION
EARTHQUAKES
Planning Consideration:
1. Assess your Project’s vulnerability to earthquakes. Ask local government agencies for seismic
information for your area.
2. Have your Project inspected by a structural engineer.
3. Develop and prioritize strengthening measures. These may include:
a. Adding steel bracing to frames
b. Adding sheer walls to frames
c. Strengthening columns and building foundations -Replacing unreinforced brick filler
walls
4. Follow safety codes& building code when constructing a project or making renovations
5. Inspect non-structural systems such as air conditioning, communications and pollution control
systems. Assess the potential for damage.
6. Prioritize measures to prevent damage
Operational Consideration:
1. Inspect facility for any item that could fall, spill, break or move during an earthquake. Take
steps to reduce these hazards/ aspects:
a. Move large and heavy objects to lower shelves or the floor.
b. Hang heavy items away from where people work.
c. Secure shelves, filing cabinets, tall furniture, desktop equipment, computers, printers,
copiers, and light fixtures.
d. Secure fixed equipment and heavy machinery to the floor. Larger equipment can be
placed on casters and attached to tethers, which attach to the wall.
e. Add bracing to suspended ceilings, if necessary.
f. Install safety glass where appropriate. -Secure large utility and process piping.
Page 27
g. Keep copies of design drawings of the facility to be used in assessing the facility’s safety
after an earthquake.
h. Review processes for handling and storing hazardous materials. Have incompatible
chemicals stored separately.
i. Check for earthquake insurance.
2. Have WLL network
3. Designate areas in the facility away from exterior walls and windows where occupants should
gather after an earthquake if an evacuation is not necessary
4. Conduct table top exercise and audits. Provide personnel with the following information: -In
an earthquake, if indoor, stay there. Take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture or counter,
or brace
5. Check for transportation routes such as highways, bridges, overpasses, rail lines and airport
runways for evacuation or rescue operation
FIRE
Planning Consideration:
1. Sensitize your employees and workforce about fire safety: how to prevent fires in the
workplace, how to contain a fire, how to evacuate the facility, where to report a fire.
2. Instruct personnel to use the stairs, not the elevators, in a fire. Instruct them to crawl on their
hands and knees when escaping a hot or smoke-filled area.
3. Conduct evacuation drills. Post maps of evacuation routes in prominent places. Keep
evacuation routes including stairways and doorways clear of debris.
4. Assign fire wardens for each area to monitor shutdown and evacuation procedures.
5. Establish procedures for the safe handling and storage of flammable liquids and gases.
Establish procedures to prevent the accumulation of combustible materials.
6. Provide for the safe disposal of smoking materials.
7. Establish a preventive maintenance schedule to keep equipment operating safely.
8. Place fire extinguishers in appropriate locations. Train employees in use of fire extinguishers.
9. Install smoke detectors wherever feasible. Check smoke detectors once a month, and change
batteries at least once a year.
10. Establish a system for warning personnel of a fire. Consider installing a fire alarm with
automatic notification to the fire department.
11. Consider installing a sprinkler system, fire hoses and fire-resistant walls and doors.
12. Ensure that key personnel are familiar with all fire safety systems.
13. Identify and mark all utility shutoffs so that electrical power, gas or water can be shut off
quickly by fire wardens or responding personnel.
14. Determine the level of response your facility will take if a fire occurs
FLOOD
1. Ask your local emergency management office whether your facility is located in a flood plain.
Learn the history of flooding in your area. Learn the elevation of your facility in relation to
streams, rivers and dams.
Page 28
2. Review the community’s emergency plan. Learn the community’s evacuation routes. Know
where to find higher ground in case of a flood.
3. Establish warning and evacuation procedures for the facility. Make plans for assisting
employees who may need transportation.
4. Inspect areas in your facility subject to flooding. Identify records and equipment that can be
moved to a higher location. Make plans to move records and equipment in case of a flood.
5. Purchase a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Radio with a warning
alarm tone and battery backup. Listen for flood watches and warnings.
6. Flood Watch: Flooding is possible. Stay tuned to radio. Be prepared to evacuate. Tune to local
radio and television stations for additional information.
7. Flood Warning: Flooding is already occurring or will occur soon. Take precautions at once. Be
prepared to go to higher ground. If advised, evacuate immediately.
8. Consider the need for backup systems:
a. Portable submersible pumps to remove flood water.
b. Alternate power sources such as generators or gasoline-powered pumps.
c. Battery-powered emergency lighting.
9. Ask your insurance carrier for information about flood insurance. Typical property and
casualty insurance does not insure against flood loss. Consider the feasibility of mitigating loss
from flood at your facility.
10. Here are three methods:
a. Permanent measures are taken before a flood occurs and require no human
intervention when flood waters rise. They include:
i. Filling windows, doors or other openings with water-resistant materials such
as concrete blocks or bricks. This approach assumes the structure is strong
enough to withstand floodwaters.
ii. Installing check valves to prevent water from coming in where utility and sewer
lines enter the facility.
iii. Reinforcing walls to resist water pressure. Sealing walls to prevent or reduce
seepage.
iv. Building watertight walls around equipment or work areas within the facility
that are particularly susceptible to flood damage.
v. Constructing floodwalls or levees outside the facility to keep flood waters
away.
vi. Elevating the facility on walls, columns or compacted fill. This approach is most
applicable to new construction, though many types of buildings can be
elevated.
b. Contingent measures are taken before a flood but require some additional action
when flooding occurs. These measures include: -Installing watertight barriers called
flood shields to prevent the passage of water through doors, windows, ventilation
shafts or other openings. -Installing permanent watertight doors. -Constructing
movable floodwalls. -Installing permanent pumps to remove floodwaters.
c. Emergency measures are generally less expensive than those listed above, require
substantial advance warning and do not satisfy the minimum requirements for
Page 29
watertight flood proofing as set forth by the National Flood Insurance Program. They
include:
d. Building walls with sandbags. -Constructing a double row of walls with boards and
posts to create a “crib” and then filling the crib with soil. -Constructing a single wall by
stacking small beams or planks on top of each other.
TORNADO/ WINDSTORM
1. Ask the local emergency management office about the community’s tornado/windstorm
warning system.
2. Purchase a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Radio with a warning
alarm tone and battery backup. Listen for tornado/windstorm watches and warnings.
3. Tornado/windstorm Watch: Tornado/windstorms are likely. Be ready to take shelter. Stay
tuned to radio and television stations for additional information.
4. Tornado/windstorm Warning: A tornado/windstorm has been sighted in the area or is
indicated by radar. Take shelter immediately.
5. Establish procedures to inform personnel when tornado/windstorm warnings are posted.
6. Work with a structural engineer or architect to designate shelter areas in your facility.
7. Ask your local emergency management office or National Weather Service for guidance.
Consider the amount of space you will need. Adults require about six square feet of space.
8. The best protection in a tornado/windstorm is usually an underground area. If an
underground area is not available, consider: -Small interior rooms on the lowest floor and
without windows. -Hallways on the lowest floor away from doors and windows. -Rooms
constructed within reinforced concrete, brick or block with no windows and a heavy concrete
floor or roof system overhead.
9. Protected areas away from doors and windows. Note: Auditoriums, cafeterias, and
gymnasiums that are covered with a flat, wide-span roof are not considered safe.
10. Make plans for evacuating personnel away from lightweight modular offices or mobile home-
size buildings. These structures offer no protection from tornado/windstorms.
11. Conduct tornado/windstorm drills.
12. Once in the shelter, personnel should protect their heads with their arms and crouch down.
ACCIDENT/ INCIDENT
1. Identify all the routine, non-routine activities, behaviour of personnel, machineries, and
equipment’s used at project sites and conduct pro-active HIRAC and EIAC.
2. Review the HIRAC and EIAC after every incident occurrence and change management.
3. Implement operational control- Elimination, Substitution, Engineering, Administrative and
PPE’s and review their adequacy and implementation.
4. Review the root cause analysis of all incidents and implement CAPA.
5. Close the N.C’s and observations identified during Internal EHS audit.
6. Identify At Risk Behaviour and give immediate feedback to the Observe and target to reduce
the At Risk Behaviour.
Page 30
7. Sensitize the new joiners, employees, workforce and visitors through forums like EHS
Induction, Tool Box Talk, Training, Mock drill, Table Top Exercise, quizzes, promotional
activities, etc.
Page 31

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EMERGENCY

THE ASSOCITION OF ENGINEER’S ,INDIA

COURSE:- ADVANCE DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

NAME- DIPANKAR PRADHAN

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Student of : THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Chapter No. Title of chapter Page No.

iii Table of contents 02

1.0 Purpose & Scope 03

5.0 Principle of Managing Emergency 11

Evolving Emergency Preparedness &

7.0 Responsibility Matrix 23