International Journal Of Electrical, Electronics And Data Communication, ISSN: 2320-2084 Volume-4, Issue-1, Jan.

-2016

ECONOMICS ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOLAR- WIND-

BATTERY CONNECTED ON-GRID HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM IN
EASTERN INDIA REGION CLIMATE CONDITIONS
1
RATI RANJAN SABAT, 2S.M ALI, 3R.K PANIGRAHY
1
Research Scholar, Department of Electronics Science, Berhampur University, Odisha, India
2
Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics Science, Berhampur University, Odisha, India
E-mail: 1rati.ranjan@gmail.com, 2drsma786@gmail.com, 3rkpanigrahy74@gmail.com

Abstract- This paper concerns the supply of electricity using mainly renewable resources, by considering the regions, which
are rich in solar radiation and wind resources. The set-up scenario investigated cost- effectiveness of using a wind turbine
added to the PV-generator system. This work is done based on the process used to plan, design, and implement an on-grid
electrical system for few houses located in rural areas of eastern India. The economic analysis and optimization of the hybrid
renewable energy model is done to find out feasibility of hybrid systems in these regions.

Key Words- Solar PV, Wind Energy, Hybrid System, HOMER

I. INTRODUCTION Loads during dry season (March-June):

During summer the power demand increases
The region on eastern India experiences bright compared to winter and rain season. A typical load
daylight most seasons of the year although in winter duration curve clarifying the consumption of energy
season the solar radiation remains comparatively low per hour of the day for a day in the months of March
than that of summer season. Solar insolation – June (Dry season) is shown in Figure: 2
intensities on average of about 5.175kWh/day with
average sunshine hour of 6.2 hours/day of about 280
days of sun a year is available in this region. The
wind speed of this area is average around (4 m/s).
During the months May-July it gets a favorable wind
speed (max 4.3m/s). So combining both solar energy
and the wind energy to produce power, it’s possible
to meet the current demand. The standalone units will
not be able to provide a continuous and sufficient
power supply in all seasons due to non-linear
variation of renewable resources during different
Figure. 2: Daily Load Profile (March-June)
times of the year. For balance and stable power
output it needs to be integrated with a diesel Loads during winter season (November-February)
generator. Here a hybrid system is developed and During the winter season of the year, there will be
optimized with economic analysis using HOMER very limited use of fan, hence fan load will be almost
software for this area consisting of Solar PV, Wind negligible and all other loads will remain same as
turbine, Diesel Generator and Battery backup. July-October as shown in Figure: 3.
II. LOAD ESTIMATION

Loads (July-October)
The maximum demand of power per day is taken as
5KW during the month of July to October as shown
in Figure: 1

Figure 3: Daily load profile (November-February)

III. COMPONENTS OF THE PROPOSED

HYBRID SYSTEM

The hybrid power system is designed as per the

Figure 1: Daily Load Profile (July-Oct) project site with the power source of Wind Energy,

Economics Analysis And Optimization Of Solar- Wind- Battery Connected On-Grid Hybrid Energy System In Eastern India Region Climate Conditions

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International Journal Of Electrical, Electronics And Data Communication, ISSN: 2320-2084 Volume-4, Issue-1, Jan.-2016

Solar insolation and diesel. For continuous supply of The maximum solar radiation is found for the
power during non availability of sun and wind flow month of May and June with daily radiation of
a diesel generator is taken. Hence the components 5.786kWh/m2/day, whereas minimum radiation was
considered for the system are: found during the month of August with daily
1. Solar Photovoltaic system radiation 4.048kWh/m2/day .The average radiation
2. Wind Turbine throughout the year was 5.1758kWh/m2/day.
3. Diesel Generator
4. Storage device DIESEL GENERATOR

WIND MODEL A 2kW diesel generator is considered for the work in

order to get uninterruptable power supply. In case of
The speed of Wind varies throughout the year and the failure of Wind-PV to fulfill the load demand than the
wind speed data for each month is considered for a generator will be used. Specifications of the diesel
particular region as mentioned in Table 1. generator is:-
Limit consumption: 5000L/yr
Table 1: Wind speed throughout the year Lower heating value: 43.2MJ/Kg
Density: 820KG/m3
Carbon content: 88%
Sulphur content: 0.33%
At present the price of diesel: 50 Rs/L (liter).

STORAGE DEVICE

In order to store the energy from the hybrid system

compromises of Solar PV the system is modelled so
that the energy can be stored in battery and can be
used during low solar radiation or during cloudy days
or rainy days. The storage device can also provide the
stored power during the night.
The description of storage device i.e. battery is given
below:
Nominal Capacity: 1900Ah
Nominal Voltage: 4V
Round trip Efficiency: 80%
Minimum State of Charge: 40%
SOLAR PV MODEL Minimum Battery Life: 5yrs
Lifetime throughput: 10569kWh
By using HOMER software the solar resource input Suggested value: 10494kWh
throughout the year is obtained month wise for a Maximum charge rate: 1A/Ah
particular region is given in Table 2. Maximum charge current: 67.5A

Table 2: Solar radiation throughout the year IV. INPUT UNIT COST OF EQUIPMENT’S

The price of different equipment’s listed in Table: 3

are taken as the unit price of the equipments used in
the system by collecting data from vendors for the
individuals.
Table 3: Unit price of components for simulation
input

Economics Analysis And Optimization Of Solar- Wind- Battery Connected On-Grid Hybrid Energy System In Eastern India Region Climate Conditions

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International Journal Of Electrical, Electronics And Data Communication, ISSN: 2320-2084 Volume-4, Issue-1, Jan.-2016

turbine accounts for 11% of total electrical energy

produced by the hybrid system. The electricity
produced by Solar PV is comparatively much more
than other sources of the hybrid system.
The monthly average electric production of Solar PV,
Diesel Generator and Wind hybrid system is obtained
in a graph as mentioned in Figure 5.

V. COMPLETE MODEL OF HYBRID SYSTEM

The hybrid system model consisting of Wind, Solar

PV and Diesel generator as the individual generating
schemes, storage device and converter is shown in
Figure: 4

Figure 5: Monthly electric production of the Hybrid System

The consumption of electricity by primary load is

14603.82 kWh/yr, which is 77% of the total
electrical energy produced by the hybrid system and
4,632 kWh/yr is the excess electricity available from
the system.

Figure 4: Complete Model of Hybrid System COST SUMMARIES

The HOMER software is used to simulated peak
demand of primary load, which is found to be 6.2kW
and total energy consumption is found as
31kWh/day, calculated peak demand is found as 6
kW and total energy consumption is 37.1kWh/day.
The cost summary of hybrid system and net Present
cost of component size and cost type obtained after
simulation is given below in Figure 6 and Figure 7
respectively.

VI. SIMULATION RESULTS OF THE

HYBRID SYSTEM

The simulation of the hybrid system was designed

using HOMER by placing the input resource
parameters of each individual components. The
electrical output power of individual components of
the hybrid system is given in Table: 4

Table 4: Electrical output of the system

Figure 6: Cost summary by component type

It is seen from above table that PV array accounts for

total of 79% of hybrid system production whereas
Diesel Generator accounts for only 10% and Wind Figure 7: Cash Flow Summary by Cost type

Economics Analysis And Optimization Of Solar- Wind- Battery Connected On-Grid Hybrid Energy System In Eastern India Region Climate Conditions

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International Journal Of Electrical, Electronics And Data Communication, ISSN: 2320-2084
The economics of hybrid system is represented above
where the overall costs associated with the system is
given in individual manner of each participating
scheme as well as the overall system considered as a
whole. The costs associated with hybrid system is
given in both component type and cost type.
VII. SUMMARIZED RESULT
The hybrid system consisting of Wind, solar PV and
Diesel generator was modeled separately by
defining real input parameters for each of the
components. The economics analysis and feasibility
of the hybrid system is done with respect to cost of
energy (COE) produced by the hybrid system and
its affordability for the people living in the region.
The simulation result of HOMER obtained for
minimum per kWh cost (COE) of Hybrid system is
Rs. 19.198.
Here, Total Net Present Cost (NPC): Rs. 27, 93,315
Levelized Cost of Energy (COE): Rs 19.198 /kWh
Operating cost: Rs 84,692/yr
If the loan is taken for the capital amount from a bank
with interest rate then cost will be,
Initial Capital cost of the system = Rs 17, 10,667
At 6% interest rate (low interest rate for renewable
energy), system fixed capital cost = Rs. 1,02640
Total initial capital cost of the
Rs. 18, 13,307
VIII. PAYBACKS PERIOD ANALYSIS
Payback period is the number of years required to
recover the cost of the investment and cost benefit
analysis of our system. Different rate of per kW hour
as the fuel price as well as the electricity price is
increased day by day is also need to be considered.
a) Considering 1kWh = Rs 12
Total capital cost of the hybrid system = Rs. 17,
10,667
Annual income = Rs 175245.84
As annual consumption of electricity = 14603.82kWh
So, payback period in year = = 9.76 ≈ 8 years
b) Considering 1kWh = Rs 15
Total cost of the hybrid system = Rs 17, 10,667
Annual income = Rs 219057.3
So, payback period in year = 7.8 ≈ 8 years
CONCLUSION
The hybrid system has been optimized for optimum
performance, economic analysis and payback period
of the system using results from HOMER software.
Economics Analysis And Optimization Of Solar- Wind- Battery Connected On-Grid Hybrid Energy System In Eastern India Region Climate Conditions
Volume-4, Issue-1, Jan.-2016
But, the renewable hybrid system is still considered
as expensive and difficult to combine various energy
sources together. Initially the scheme may be costly
but, commercial use with the more customers of such
systems can decrease the cost of technology and
become economical for consumers. The expense is
only for one time with a life span of about 20-25
years. The simulated hybrid system can be used in
any off grid areas for electrification anywhere in the
country, as radiation of sun is used as primary source
of energy which is abundantly available throughout.
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