Non organelle

b) Non organelle Characteristics Functions

1. Plasma/cell membrane  made of_________ &  it regulates the_______of

phospholipids substances_____and out of the
cytoplasm
 ________ permeable

2. Cell wall  made of _________.  gives _____ to plant

(Plant cell)  _______ to all fluids  provides mechanical

________ for the plant cell

3. Cytoplasm  jelly-like matrix  medium for _______

reactions in the cell.
 medium which organelles are
_______.

 contains organic and

inorganic substances
2.1 UNDERSTANDING CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell Structure : Organelle

a) Organelle Characteristics Function

1. Nucleus  the largest organelle  control all _______ of the cell

 has _______ thread  contain _______ which determine the

characteristics and cell functions.

2. Vacoule  fluid filled sac enclosed  vacoule in plants store chemicals such
by membrane called as water,________, ________, mineral,
(plant cell) tonoplast. _________.

 the fluid is called  vacoule regulate _________ in plant cell

__________. and paramecium

 supports ___________ plants

3.  cylindrical shape  the site of _________ production through

Mitochondrion cellular respiration.
 made up of ________
membrane units Glucose + O2 Energy + H2O + CO2

 energy released is used for cellular

_______.

4. Lysosomes  contain hydrolytic  release enzyme to _______ material in

______. food vacuoles in organisms like
(animal cell)  membrane-bound sac Paramecium

 break down complex organic molecules

(eg protein, lipid, polysaccharides &
nucleic acid).

 digest _____, dead or damage _______ to

enable a cell to renew itself

5. Chloroplast  lens-shaped  traps _______ (energy) during

photosynthesis
(plant cell)  contains __________.

6. Centriole  small cylindrical  form spindle fibres during cell ______ in

structure animal cells
(animal cell)

7. Ribosome  small spherical  the site of _______ synthesis

organelles
 use information from nucleus to make
 either attached to RER these proteins.
or free

8. Endoplasmic  The membranes of ER i. RER

are continuous with the
reticulum (ER) nuclear membrane
i) RER  has ______ attached to its
surface
 does not have _______
ii) SER
attached to its surface
 _________ (made by ribosomes) to
Golgi apparatus.
 Protein are packaged in vesicles
which are called ____________.
ii. Synthesis of ________ (phospholipids
and steroids)

 _________ of drugs & poisons

9. Golgi body/  stacks of flattened
membranous sacs.
apparatus
 new membrane is
continuously added to
one end of Golgi
apparatus and buds off  all these modified substances, enclosed in
as _______ vesicles at
the other end.
Non organelle
b) Non organelle Characteristics
1. Plasma/cell membrane  made of proteins &
phospholipids
 processing, _________ and ________
center of synthesized proteins (such as
enzyme/hormone/antibody, phospholipids
and carbohydrate & glycoproteins (such as
mucus).
a _______ vesicle and bud off from the
Golgi body to the cell membrane/other
parts of the cell.
Functions
 it regulates themovement of
substances in and out of the
cytoplasm
  partially permeable

2. Cell wall  made of cellulose fiber  gives shape to plant

(Plant cell)  permeable to all fluids  provides mechanical support

for the plant cell

3. Cytoplasm  jelly-like matrix  medium for biochemical

reactions in the cell.
 medium which organelles are
suspended

 contains organic and

inorganic substances
2.1 UNDERSTANDING CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell Structure : Organelle

a) Organelle Characteristics Function

1. Nucleus  the largest organelle  control all activities of the cell

 has fine thread  contain DNA which determine the

characteristics and cell functions.

2. Vacoule  fluid filled sac enclosed  vacoule in plants store chemicals such
by membrane called as water, starch , amino acids, mineral,
(plant cell) tonoplast. lipid.

 the fluid is called cell sap  vacoule regulate water in plant cell and
paramecium

 supports herbaceous plants

3.  cylindrical shape  the site of ATP production through cellular

Mitochondrion respiration.
 made up of double
membrane units Glucose + O2 Energy + H2O + CO2

 energy released is used for cellular

activities

4. Lysosomes  contain hydrolytic  release enzyme to digest material in food

enzymes vacuoles in organisms like Paramecium
(animal cell)
 membrane-bound sac  break down complex organic molecules
(eg protein, lipid, polysaccharides &
nucleic acid).

 digest old, dead or damage cells to enable

a cell to renew itself
5. Chloroplast  lens-shaped
(plant cell)  contains chlorophyll
6. Centriole  small cylindrical
structure
(animal cell)
7. Ribosome  small spherical
organelles
 either attached to RER
or free
8. Endoplasmic  The membranes of ER
are continuous with the
reticulum (ER) nuclear membrane
i) RER  has ribosomes attached to
its surface
ii) SER
 does not have ribosome
attached to its surface
9. Golgi body/  stacks of flattened
membranous sacs.
apparatus
 new membrane is
continuously added to
one end of Golgi
apparatus and buds off
as secretion vesicles at
 traps light (energy) during photosynthesis
 form spindle fibres during cell division in
animal cells
 the site of protein synthesis
 use information from nucleus to make
these proteins.
i. RER
 Transport protein (made
by ribosomes) to Golgi apparatus.
 Protein are packaged in vesicles
which are called transport vesicle
ii. Synthesis of lipids (phospholipids and
steroids)
 detoxifies drugs & poisons
 processing, modify and packaging center
of synthesized proteins (such as
enzyme/hormone/antibody, phospholipids
and carbohydrate & glycoproteins (such as
mucus).
 all these modified substances, enclosed in
a secretion vesicle and bud off from the
the other end. Golgi body to the cell membrane/other
parts of the cell.