Professional Documents
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ABSTRACT
The objective of our project is to develop an our daily life that used to control the home
Exploiting Bluetooth on Android mobile devices for appliances. Mobile devices have been integrated in to
home appliances control appliances control our everyday life .consequently home automation
application. Mobile devices have been integrated into becoming increasingly prominent features on mobile
our everyday life consequently, home automation is devices.
becoming increasingly prominent features on mobile
devices .We have developed a security system that Our project consists of microcontroller, LCD display,
interfaces with an android mobile devices. The keypad, UART, Bluetooth modem relay, relay driver
mobile device will be communicated through and android smart phone. The status information is
Bluetooth by the shortest way. The mobile wirelessly transferred to the mobile and the same is
application can be loaded onto any compatible displayed at the LCD display. Thus the Bluetooth
device, and once loaded, interface with the functionality in the android mobile phone has been
appliances easily .commands to ON, OFF, or check effectively leveraged for implementing the home
the status of the appliance to which is installed can appliances system and as the android phone has been
be sent quickly from the mobile device via a simple, effectively leveraged for implementing the home
easy to use GUI. The security system then acts on appliances system and as the android phone is hand
these commands, taking the appropriate action and held; it is easy to get notifications like lock status etc.
sending a confirmation back to mobile device. This At the application itself.
system can also tell the user if any of appliances is
The microcontroller was connected in all blocks of
ON or OFF
the circuit. The block diagram consists of
1. INTRODUCTION Transmitter and Receiver. Android smart phone is
connected to the transmitter and GSM is connected
The objective of our project is to develop an to the receiver. The components placed in block
exploiting GSM (Global System for Mobile diagram like micro controller UART (Universal
communication) on android mobile devices for home Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter), GSM
appliances control application. Mobiles are used in (Global System for Mobile Communication), LCD
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
(Liquid Crystal Display), relay driver, and power machines and other communication equipment and
supply. home robots such as automatic vacuum cleaners.
In our Project we are using 4.0 version android it is The fundamental components well designed
“blue tooth”. The 12v electromagnetic relay used. home automation system include a computers
The signal is transmitted from the android smart withappropriate programming the various devices
phone and signal is received by gsm. Gsm 900 is and systems to be controlled, interconnecting cables
used. By using we can control the devices or wireless links a high-speed internet connection,
maximum up to 35 kilometres home appliances. and an emergency backup power source for the
computers its peripherals ‘and the essential home
1.1 ANDROID systems.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
done with one component. Furthermore, operator 1.5.2 PANELIZATION
wiring errors are eliminated
It is a procedure used to handle PCB which would
When the board has only copper connections and no otherwise be too small to process.
embedded components it is more correctly called a
“printed wiring board" (PWB) or etched wiring board. 1.5.3 COPPER PATTERNING
Although more accurate the term printed wiring board
The pattern in the manufactures PCB cam system is
has fallen in to disuse. A PCB populated with
usually output on a photo mask.
electronic components called a “printed circuit
assembly" (PCA)/ (PCBA). The term PCB is used 1.5.4 PATTERNING METHOD BY VOLUME
informally both for bare and assembled boards.
It has many volumes like large volume, small volume,
and hobbyist.
1.5.7 LAMINATION
Fig.3 Designing Of PCB
Multilayer PCB has trace layers inside the board
PCB was initially a fully manual process done on .Lamination is done by placing the stack of materials
clear Mylar sheets at a scale of usually 2 or 4 times in a press and applying pressureand heat for a period
the desired size. The schematic diagram is first of time.
converted in to a layout of components pin pads, then
traces were routed to provide the required 1.5.8 DRILLING
interconnections, pre-printed non-reproducing Mylar Holes and typically drilled with PCB board with PCB
grids assisted in layout, and rub-on dry transfers of board with required diameter.
common arrangements of circuit elements (pads,
contact finger integrated circuits profiles, and so on) 1.5.9 PLATING AND COATING
helped standardize the layout. Traces between devices
were made with self CC Cadhesive tape. The finished PCB plated with solder, tin, or gold over nickel as a
layout “artwork” was then photographically resister for etching away the unneeded underlying
reproduced on the resist layers of the blank coated copper.
copper-clad boards.
1.5.10 SOLDER RESIST APPLICATION
1.5 MANUFACTURING STEPS OF PCB
Areas that should not per soldiered may be covered
1.5.1 PCB CAM with solder resist.
Manufactures never use the file directly on their It is often printed on one or both sides of the PCB.
equipment but always read them in their cam system.
PCB cannot be manufactured progressively without 1.5.11 LEGEND PRINTING
cam system. It is often printed on one or both sides of the PCB.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
1.5.12 BARE BOARD TESTING Of tapping on the resistive element and resistors with
a movable tap (“potentiometer”) either adjustable by
It used to check whether the connections are correct the user of equipment or contained within are used.
or not.
1.6 RESISTOR
The resistor is a two terminal electronic components
designed to oppose an electronic current by producing
a voltage drop between its terminals in proportion to
Fig 5: Colors Of The Resistors
the current that is in accordance with ohm’s law
Ohms law V=IR
1.6.1 IDENTIFYING THE RESISTORS
The resistance is equal to the voltage drop v across the
resistor divided by the current through the resistor. Separate the resistors from all other components and
resistor are characterized primarily by the resistance place them on the bench. So that the gold band
and the power they can dissipate other components indicates the resistors have a tolerance of 5%.in other
include temperature co-efficient, noise and words they are made accurate than the older 10%
inductance, practical resistor can be made of resistive types. The gold band does not concern us in this
wire and various compounds and films and they can course but it does tell us which way around to hold
be integrated in to hybrid printed circuits the resistors so that the color bands can be read
correctly only 10 different colors are used for all
The size bad position of leads is relevant must be resistors
physically large enough not to overheat when
dissipating their power variable resistor adjustable by Hold the resistor so that 3 color band are to the left
changing the position and the right hand band is either gold or silver. The
first color gives the first digit of the resistance. The
second color gives the second digit in the answer. The
third color gives the number of zeros in the answer.
There are only 12 resistors in each decade and they
have the following first two colors.
1.7 CAPACITOR
Fig 4: Resistor
Fig 6: Charging Capacitor
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
In the capacitors the plates store the energy sort like a 2.2 WORKING PRINCIPAL
battery the big different between the batteries and
capacitors works at all voltages up to its maximum The transmitter produces the short duration high
safe rating. Basically when DC voltage source is power radio frequency pulses of energy that and
applied to the capacitor is equal to the applied voltage radiated in to space by the antenna. The transmitter
the current flow stops. When the current stops flowing side have the android smart phone to transmit the
from the power supply to the capacitor .the capacitor signal. The transmitter is required to have the
is discharge up. After the capacitor is charge it can be following technical and operating characteristics:
discharged in like a battery. The transmitter must have the ability to generate
The only problem is that the capacitor will not want to the required mean power and the required peak
hold its charge for more than a few minutes. These power.
present obvious problems using the capacitors as a The rather transmitter must have a suitable radio
storage devices. There are many materials make frequency band width
capacitors these includes the metals such as The transmitter must have a high radio frequency
aluminum, titanium and silver is the materials used stability to meet signal processing requirements
for making the capacitors. The transmitter must be easily modulated to meet
wave from design requirements.
1.8 HOME APPLIANCES USED IN OUR The transmitter must be efficient reliable and easy
PROJECT to maintain the life expectancy and the cost of the
output device must be acceptable.
1.8.1 FAN
The coolant fan is used in our project it is controlled
2.3 RECEIVER
by the 5 volts,
1.8.2 LIGHT
The normal home use bulb is used it is controlled by
40, 60,100….volts.
2.1 TRANSMITTER
Fig 8: Receiver
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
RECEIVER
UNDERSTAND
ACCEPT
USE AND
GIVE FEEDBACK
Bluetooth is a wireless devices used at the particular It starts from power supply section. We have the 12V
distances. it is specification IEEE (802.15.1)for the AC input from the secondary output of the
use of low power radio communications to link transformer. This is fed to the bridge rectification
phones, computers and other network devices over section that converts AC supply in to DC supply. This
short distance without wire is done by four IN4007, 1A diodes in bridge
configuration, then on the dc output of this section a
The name Bluetooth is borrow from ”Haraid large capacitor (IOOOMF, 10V) and another small
Bluetooth” a king in Denmark lived more than 1,000 100nF capacitor is there to filter the DFC supply and
years ago. Bluetooth technology was designed remove all the AC components from it. This is
primarily to support simple wireless networking of because we are operating predigital circuitry that fails
personal consumer devices and peripheral’s including to operate on unregulated and unfiltered supply. After
all phone PDAS ,and wireless signals transmitted the DC supply is being filtered as it is unregulated is
with Bluetooth cover short distance typically up to turned in to regulated 5V DC supply using LM7806
30MBPS feet (10 meters).Bluetooth devices are &7812 regulator.
generally communicate at less than 1MBPS
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
Again after that a small 1OOnF capacitor is there to DC supply it is a single layered PCB it consists of
filter the regulated DC supply. A regulated 3.3volt 1OOOMF capacitor, 22MF and 1OMF capacitor and
supply is also derived from another regulator is the diode IN1007, and transistor 7805GT and resistor of
input is fed from the regulated 5V output of the IC 330 ohms, Bluetooth (12v) it is a double layered PCB
7806&7812 voltage regulator. Regulated 5Volt supply , power supply(AC to DC 5V regulator and DC 12v is
is needed to drive the microcontroller, relays and all directly given to the relay driver, LCD (liquid crystal
the sensors while 3.3Volts is required by the display) (12v) DC supply it is a double layered PCB
Bluetooth and the IC is fully 5V supply are used as receivers.
The signal transmitted by the android smart phone
UART (universal asynchronous receiver was received by the receiver side, the android
&transmitter) module to operate. After that the 4.0version (Blue Term) is used in our project it
regulated supply is fed to all the sensors, relays and supports the multi touch software’s. The working
the microcontroller. principle of this block diagram is that the signal
transmitted by the android smart phone was received
There are five sensors are being directly interfaced to
by the GSM (global system for mobile
microcontroller. To sense the light intensity we use
communication) it covers the distance maximum up to
two LDR sensor that light dependent resistors
35 kilometers and it was connected to the universal
interfaced to the ADC input of the microcontroller.
asynchronous receiver and transmitter) UART is used
One pin of the LDR is connected to 330k resister and
for the communication between the devices and the
other tied to the ground. This creates the potential
relay is the controlling device it controls all the
difference between the circuits and fed to the pin A3
devices like fan, light... and finally the message was
and A2 of the microcontroller. To sense the
received by the android phone by using the GSM, .
temperature the two solid state semiconductor
temperature sensors from analogy devices also 5. PIC MICRO-CONTROLLER (PIC 16F877)
interfaced to the ADC input of the microcontroller.
The two pins are connected to the power supply. This microcontroller has only 35 single word
instructions to learn. All single word cycle
And the third pin is the output the switches are used to instructions except for program branches, which are
sense the home appliances are on/off if it is not off the two cycles. Operating speed in dc 20 MHZ clock
switch will be in open state. To display the messages input dc-200ns instruction cycle. 2000*14 words of
the sensor values 16*2 character LCD (liquid crystal program memory and 128*8 bytes of data memory
display) is used in 4bit mode to port B of them. To that is RAM. It has interrupt capabilities and eight-
sense the presence and the motion the PIR level deep hardware. It contains of direct, indirect and
(PYROELECTRIC INFRARED) is used. BC 107 relative addressing modes. It operates on 5v power
transistor circuit is interfaced with digital output of supply.
the microcontroller. The H-bridge circuit is used to
drive the DC motor in both directions. The three
transistors use the simple switch only and all the four
transistors are protected by limiting the current by R1-
R4 resistors.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
The most pins are multi-functional. For example,
designator RA3/AN3/Vref+/C1IN+ for the fifth pin
specifies the following functions
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
modem. Voice, Data/Fax, SMS, DTMF, GPRS, 8. POWER SUPPLY
integrated TCP/IP stack, RTC and other features like
the GSM / GPRS modules on this home page. A power supply is a device that supplies electrical
power to one or more electric loads or appliances. The
6.1 GSM FEATURE term is most commonly applied to devices that
convert one form of electrical energy to another,
GPRS class 10:max 85.6 KBPS(down link)
though it may also refer to devices that convert
PBCCH support
another form of energy to electrical energy. Low
Coding schemes CS1,2,3,4
voltage DC power supplies are commonly integrated
CDS up to 14.4 KBPS
with their loads in devices such as computers and
USSD
household electronics. Rectifier is used to convert
alternating voltage into pulsating direct voltage. A
7. RELAY small remaining unwanted alternating voltage
component at mains or twice mains power frequency
Relays are used throughout the most of appliances depending upon whether half or full wave
that comes in different sizes for suitable appliances. rectification is used ripple is unavoidably Super
And also it is used as remote control switches. A imposed on the direct output voltage. For purpose
typical vehicle can have 20 relays or more. It is purely such as charging batteries the ripple is not a problem,
for switching purpose. All relays operate using the and the simplestUNregulated mains-powered DC
same basic principle. Our example will use a power supply circuit consists of transformer driving a
commonly used 4-pin relays. It has two circuits. single diode in series with a resistor.
Control circuit has a small control coil and load
circuit has a switch. The whole coil controls the
operation of switch. The coil produces a magnetic
field. Relays are either normally closed or open
switched. When the current flows through the coil, the
magnetic field will be produced at the coil, hence the
open circuit will be closed and current flows through
the relay. At this time relay switches and power
source goes to the load. The magnetic field attracts the
upper contact arm and pulls it down, closing the
contacts and allowing power from the power source to
go to the load. Fig.12: Power Supply
9. LCD display
A LCD display is thin and flat electronic visual
display used to show the info to the users. Here we
used this display inside the vehicle to show the details
that from mobile phone caller. It is used instead of
mobile phone display. We used 16*2 character LCD
display. They are usually more compact, lightweight,
portable, less expensive and easier to visible on the
eyes.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
The receiver section contains 8051 microcontroller, It can also tie in home cinema system so a single
relay driver circuit and ignition system. remote can turn on a projector and start media
source
10. LED (LIGHT EMMITING DIODE) It reduces energy consumption
It increases the security and makes the home more
comfortable.
It saves the money and time.
12. APPLICATIONS
CONCLUTION
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
REFERENCE
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