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A Feasibility/Project Study on
By:
Carriedo, Karlo O.
Lazarte, Wilson D.
i
APPROVAL SHEET
This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the project study
prepared by Dungo, Alpha Karina L. Carriedo, Karlo O., Fernandez, James Elwin
L., Ferrera, Hanz Christian T., Lazarte, Wilson D. and Martin, Melvin Ralph
Entitled “DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF 75W PICO HYDROELECTRIC
SYSTEM FOR STREET LIGHTING IN BRGY. TANATO, CITY OF
BALANGA, BATAAN” and that the said project has been submitted for final
examination by the Oral Examination Committee.
_________________________
Instructor
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______________________ _____________________
____________________
Panel Member
This project study report is hereby approved and accepted by the Bataan
_________________________
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LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
May 9, 2017
(EE Project Study)”, the proponents would like to present the Project Study entitled
The main purpose of this study is to prove the potential of producing electrical
energy using a renewable source of energy which is hydro power. This project may
serve as a reference material for harnessing and utilization of hydro energy to produce
power and use it for street lighting. This project also aims to resolve energy inadequacy
We, the researchers, hope that this project will meet your approval. Anything
that we can do for the further improvement of the project will be willingly appreciated.
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Sincerely,
Carriedo, Karlo O.
Lazarte, Wilson D.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page . . . . . . . . . i
Approval Sheet . . . . . . . . ii
Letter of Transmittal . . . . . . . . iv
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . vi
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . x
List of Figures . . . . . . . . xi
Abstract . . . . . . . . . xiii
Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . xiv
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2.1.8 Pico Hydroelectric Plant in Kerala and Karnataka, India 11
2.1.9 Pico Hydro systems in Thapene village 12
2.2 Theoretical Framework 12
2.2.1 Pico Hydropower Technology 12
2.2.2 Primary Parts of Pico Hydroelectric System 13
2.2.2.1 Water Supply 13
2.2.2.2 Intake 13
2.2.2.3 Penstock 14
2.2.2.4 Turbine 14
2.2.2.5 Power House 16
2.2.2.6 Drive and Bearing System 16
2.2.3 Pico Hydro System Theory of Operation 17
2.2.4 Flow Rate 17
2.2.5 Mechanical Power 18
2.2.7 Battery 19
2.2.7.1 Stages of Battery Charging 19
2.2.7.2 Depth of discharge (DOD) 20
2.2.7.3 State of charge (SOC) 20
2.2.7.4 Battery capacity (Ah) 21
2.2.8 Generator 22
2.2.8.1 Working Principle of an Alternator 22
2.2.8.2 Construction of Alternator 23
2.2.8.3 Frequency of an Alternator 24
2.2.9 LED Street Lighting System 24
2.2.9.1 LED Lamps 25
2.2.9.3 Street Light Illumination 25
2.3 Hypotheses of The Study 26
2.4 Conceptual Framework 27
2.5 Definition of Terms 28
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Chapter III: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Planning 31
3.1.1 Gantt Chart 31
3.1.2 System Planning
3.2 Site Selection and Evaluation 32
3.3 Selection of Component Criteria 34
3.3.1 Selection of Turbine 34
3.3.2 Selection of Penstock 34
3.3.3 Selection of Generator 34
3.3.4 Selection of Drive System 35
3.3.5 Selection of Battery 35
3.3.5.1 Load Modeling and Battery Sizing 35
3.3.6 Selection of Lamps 37
3.4 Design and Fabrication of Components 38
3.4.1 Design of Pico Hydroelectric System 38
3.4.2 Canvassing and Procurement of Materials and Components 39
3.4.3 Fabrication of Turbine 41
3.4.4 Fabrication of Penstock and Inlet 43
3.4.5 Fabrication of Powerhouse and Gate 47
3.4.6 Construction of Drive System 47
3.5 Component and Circuit Assembly 47
3.6 Installation 49
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3.7.1 Flow Rate Measurement 51
Curriculum Vitae 75
ix
List of tables
x
List of figures
xi
Fig. 3.11 12V Automatic Voltage Regulator 41
Fig. 3.12 LED Lamps 41
Figure 3.13 Isometric View of the Turbine 42
Figure 3.14 Water Wheel Dimensions 42
Fig. 3.15 Fabrication of Undershot Water Wheel 43
Fig. 3.16 Undershot Waterwheel 43
Fig. 3.17 Isometric View of the Penstock and Inlet 44
Fig. 3.18 Penstock and Inlet Dimensions 45
Fig. 3.19 Fabrication of Penstock and Inlet 46
Fig. 3.20 Penstock with Inlet 46
Fig. 3.21 Drive System Dimensions 47
Fig. 3.22 Alternator to Inverter Circuit 48
Fig. 3.23 Installation of Pico Hydroelectric System 49
Fig. 3.24 Dimensions of Proposed Installation of Street Lightings 50
Fig. 3.25 Street Lightings 50
Fig. 3.26 Testing and Data Gathering Flowchart 51
Fig. 3.27 Flow Rate Measurement 52
Fig. 3.28 Speed Measurement 52
Fig. 3.29 Current Measurement 53
Fig. 3.30 Voltage Measurement 54
Fig. 4.1 Voltage-Time-Speed Relation 61
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ABSTRACT
The study aimed and install a 75W pico hydroelectric system for street lightings
produce 75W of generated output power, to be able to power up street lights for 12
hours and to sustain a generator speed of 1500-1800 rpm to have an output frequency
of 50 to 60 Hz.
On the other hand, the parameters to consider consisted of the turbine torque
and speed, the generator speed, the charging voltage, the generator current, the
The data collected through the use of various data gathering methods float
instruments such as clamp meter, multitester and tachometer. The acquired data were
tallied and evaluated to come up with the needed output required in the problem.
able to provide 75W power for electrification and lighting of street lightings.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This project consumed vast amount of work, research and dedication. Still,
implementation would not have been possible and accomplished without the help of
people whose support, guidance, and assistance serve as the fueling motivation for the
researchers. Therefore, the researchers would like to extend genuine gratitude to all of
them.
First and foremost, the researchers would like to acknowledge Almighty God,
for his unconditional love, kindness and most especially for giving the skills, good
health, and knowledge that led the researchers to the development and completion of
their study.
The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to their ever
beloved parents their Mom and Dad for the unending love and support on whatever
decision they made, and for their financial assistance on this project matter.
The researchers also wish to thank their friends and batch mates, BSEE5, for
And of course, the researchers would like to place on record their deepest
gratitude to the officials of Bataan Peninsula State University and mostly our supportive
adviser/Dean Engr. Nelson S. Andres, for teaching and for giving them the opportunity
to construct and design a project that can generate electricity and can help the
environment, for enlightening their minds every time they encounter problems in
calculating, designing, and testing this project and for his guidance towards to the
And finally, to all people who in their own way made this project possible, thank
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