BS5950-90-1

Title

Floor beam for an office building

Description

The beam loads are shown in Figure. The triangular loads are:

Dead = 2 × 1.52 × 6 = 27 kN
Imposed = 2 × 1.52 × 4 = 18 kN
Factored shear = (1.4 × 58.5) + (1.6 × 39) = 144.3 kN
Factored moment = 1.4[(58.5 × 3) − (27 × 1.5)] + 1.6[(39 × 3) − (18 × 1.5)]
= 333 kN m

Working load on beam

1
Verification Example

Theoretical Results(BS5950-90)

Plastic Modulus
S = 333 × 103 / 275 = 1210.9 cm3

Try 457×152 UB 60:

S x = 1284 cm3
Z x = 1120 cm3
I x = 25464 cm4

The Section can be checked and will be found to be plastic. The moment capacity is
p y S ≤ 1.2 p y Z
p y S = 275 × 1284 /103 = 353.1 kN m
1.2 p y Z = 1.2 × 1120 × 275 /103 = 369.6 kN m

The section is satisfactory.

Shear capacity Pv = 0.6 × 275 × 454.7 × 8.0 /102
= 600.2 kN(Satisfactory)

The deflection due to the unfactored imposed loads using is :

42 × 103 × 60003 36 × 103 × 60003
δ= +
48 × 205 × 103 × 25464 × 104 73.14 × 205 × 103 × 25464 × 104
= 5.65 mm

δ /span = 5.65 / 6000 = 1/1062 < 1/ 360 (satisfactory)

2
 BS5950-90-1

Results by MIDAS/Gen
-------------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - Steel Code Checking [ BS5950-90 ]
=======================================

*. PROJECT :
*. MEMBER NO = 1, ELEMENT TYPE = Beam
*. LOADCOMB NO = 1, MATERIAL NO = 1, SECTION NO = 1
*. UNIT SYSTEM : KN, m

*. SECTION PROPERTIES : Designation = UB 457x152x60

Shape = H - Section. (Rolled)
Depth = 0.455, Top F Width = 0.153, Bot.F Width = 0.153
Web Thick = 0.008, Top F Thick = 0.013, Bot.F Thick = 0.013

Area = 7.58000e-003, Asy = 3.66043e-003, Asz = 3.63760e-003

Ybar = 7.64500e-002, Zbar = 2.27350e-001, Qyb = 7.90098e-002,
Qzb = 2.92230e-003
Zyy = 1.11900e-003, Zzz = 1.04000e-004, Syy = 1.28300e-003,
Szz = 1.63000e-004
Iyy = 2.54500e-004, Izz = 7.95000e-006, Iyz = 0.00000e+000
Roy = 1.83000e-001, Roz = 3.24000e-002, Rop = 0.00000e+000
J = 3.35000e-007, Cwp = 3.87000e-013

*. DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR STRENGTH EVALUATION :

Len = 6.00000e+000, Le = 6.00000e+000 (User Defined).

*. MATERIAL PROPERTIES :
Fy = 2.75000e+005, Es = 2.05000e+008, MATERIAL NAME = 43A

*. FORCES AND MOMENTS AT (1/2) POINT :

Axial Force Fxx = 0.00000e+000
Shear Forces Fyy = 0.00000e+000, Fzz = 7.77000e+001
Bending Moments My = 3.33000e+002, Mz = 0.00000e+000
Moments of i-node Myyi = 0.00000e+000, Mzzi = 0.00000e+000
Moments of j-node Myyj = 0.00000e+000, Mzzj = 0.00000e+000

=================================================
[[[*]]] CALCULATE FACTORS AND EFFECTIVE LENGTH.
=================================================

( ). Calculate slenderness correction factor (n).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 13, Appendix B.3 ]
3
Verification Example

-. In case of Normal Loads.

-. n (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000

( ). Calculate equivalent uniform moment factors (my,mz).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 18 ]
-. In case of Normal Loads.
-. my (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000
-. mz (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000

=========================================
[[[*]]] CLASSIFY SECTION.
=========================================

( ). Determine classification and design strength of compression flange (Rolled).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7, Table 8 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. b/t = BTR = 5.75
-. BTR < 8.5*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyf = 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of web.

(Web, with neutral axis at mid-depth).
[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. d/t = HTR = 53.51
-. HTR < 79*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyw = 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of critical component of section.

-. Py = MIN[ Pyf, Pyw ] = 275000.000 KN/m^2.
( Class 1 : Plastic ).

=========================================
[[[*]]] CHECK AXIAL CAPACITY.
=========================================

( ). Check slenderness ratio of axial tension member (l/r).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.7.3.2 ]
-. l/r = 185.2 < 300.0 ---> O.K.

=========================================
[[[*]]] CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY.
=========================================

( ). Calculate shear strength in local-z direction (Pvz).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.2.3, Appendix H ]

4
 BS5950-90-1

-. In case of HTR < 63*e

-. Pvz = 0.6*Py*Asz = 600.20 KN.
( ). Check ratio of shear strength (Fvz/Pvz).
( LCB = 1, POS = J )
-. Applied shear force : Fvz = 144.30 KN.
Fvz 144.30
-. ----- = --------------- = 0.240 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Pvz 600.20

==================================================
[[[*]]] CHECK BENDING CAPACITY ABOUT MAJOR AXIS.
==================================================

( ). Calculate bending strength in local-y direction (Mcy).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.2.5 ]
In case of Fvz < 0.6*Pvz ( Plastic or Compact ).
-. Mcy = MIN[ Py*Syy, 1.2*Py*Zyy ] = 352.83 KN-m.

( ). Check ratio of flexural capacity (My/Mcy).

My 333.00
-. ----- = --------------- = 0.944 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Mcy 352.83

5
Verification Example

6
 BS5950-90-1

Comparison of Results
Result Reference MIDAS/Gen
Pv 600.2 kN 600.2 kN (100%)
M capacity 353.1 kNm 352.8 kNm (99.9%)

Reference

T.J.M., T.C.A., “Structural Steel Work:Design to Limit State Theory”, Example 5.9.1

7
 BS5950-90-2
Title

Universal column

Description

A part plan of an office floor and the elevation of internal column in figure. Applied design
load is 434.2 kN.

Axially loaded column with partially restrained

1
Verification Example

Theoretical Results (BS5950-90)

Design load = 434.2 kN
Try 152×152 UC 30
A = 38.2 cm2 ; ry = 3.82 cm

Design strength p y = 275 N/mm2

where section thickness is less than 16 mm

If the beam connections are the shear type, where end rotation is permitted, the effective
length from Table 24:

LE = 0.85 × 4000 = 3400 mm

Slenderness λ = 3400 / 38.2 = 89

For a rolled H section thickness less than 40mm buckling about the minor YY axis, use
Table 27 (c) :

Compressive strength pc = 144 N/mm2

Compressive resistance Pc = 144 × 38.2 /10 = 550.1 kN

2
 BS5950-90-2

Results by MIDAS/Gen
--------------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - Steel Code Checking [ BS5950-90 ]
========================================

*. PROJECT :
*. MEMBER NO = 1, ELEMENT TYPE = Beam
*. LOADCOMB NO = 1, MATERIAL NO = 1, SECTION NO = 1
*. UNIT SYSTEM : KN, m

*. SECTION PROPERTIES : Designation = UC 152x152x30

Shape = H - Section. (Rolled)
Depth = 0.158, Top F Width = 0.153, Bot.F Width = 0.153
Web Thick = 0.007, Top F Thick = 0.009, Bot.F Thick = 0.009

Area = 3.84000e-003, Asy = 2.58707e-003, Asz = 1.03950e-003

Ybar = 7.64500e-002, Zbar = 7.87500e-002, Qyb = 1.85303e-002,
Qzb = 2.92230e-003
Zyy = 2.22000e-004, Zzz = 7.33000e-005, Syy = 2.48000e-004,
Szz = 1.12000e-004
Iyy = 1.74800e-005, Izz = 5.60000e-006, Iyz = 0.00000e+000
Roy = 6.80000e-002, Roz = 3.82000e-002, Rop = 0.00000e+000
J = 1.06000e-007, Cwp = 3.07000e-014

*. DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR STRENGTH EVALUATION :

Len = 4.00000e+000, Le = 3.40000e+000 (User Defined).

*. MATERIAL PROPERTIES :
Fy = 2.75000e+005, Es = 2.05000e+008, MATERIAL NAME = 43A

*. FORCES AND MOMENTS AT (I) POINT :

Axial Force Fxx =-4.34200e+002
Shear Forces Fyy = 0.00000e+000, Fzz = 0.00000e+000
Bending Moments My = 0.00000e+000, Mz = 0.00000e+000
Moments of i-node Myyi = 0.00000e+000, Mzzi = 0.00000e+000
Moments of j-node Myyj = 0.00000e+000, Mzzj = 0.00000e+000

=================================================
[[[*]]] CALCULATE FACTORS AND EFFECTIVE LENGTH.
=================================================

( ). Calculate slenderness correction factor (n).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 13, Appendix B.3 ]
3
Verification Example

-. In case of Normal Loads.

-. n (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000

( ). Calculate equivalent uniform moment factors (my,mz).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 18 ]
-. In case of Normal Loads.
-. my (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000
-. mz (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000

=============================================
[[[*]]] CLASSIFY SECTION.
=============================================

( ). Determine classification and design strength of compression flange (Rolled).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7, Table 8 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. b/t = BTR = 8.13
-. BTR < 8.5*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyf = 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of web (Rolled).

Web, where whole section is subject to compression.
[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. d/t = HTR = 21.02
-. HTR < 39*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyw = 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of critical component of section.

-. Py = MIN[ Pyf, Pyw ] = 275000.000 KN/m^2.
( Class 1 : Plastic ).

==============================================
[[[*]]] CHECK AXIAL CAPACITY.
==============================================

( ). Check slenderness ratio of axial compression member (Kl/r).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.7.3.2 ]
-. Kl/r = 89.0 < 200.0 ---> O.K.

( ). Calculate axial compressive capacity (Pc).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.7.4, 4.7.5, Appendix C ]
a = 5.50 for Table 27(c)
Lambda0 = 0.2 * SQRT(pi^2*Es/Py) = 17.2
Eta = 0.001*a*(Lambda - Lambda0) = 0.40
Pe = (pi^2*Es)/Lambda^2 = 255400.94 KN/m^2.

4
 BS5950-90-2

phi = (Py+(Eta+1)*Pe)/2 = 315664.68 KN/m^2.

-. Pc = A*(Pe*Py)/[phi+SQRT(phi^2-Pe*Py)] = 553.63 KN.

( ). Check ratio of axial strength (F/Pc).

F 434.20
-. ---- = --------------- = 0.784 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Pc 553.63

5
Verification Example

Comparison of Results
Result Reference MIDAS/Gen
Pc 550.10 kN 553.63 kN (99.4%)

Reference

T.J.M., T.C.A., “Structural Steel Work:Design to Limit State Theory”, Example 8.4.8

6
 BS5950-90-3
Title

Beam column design

Description

A braced column 4.5m long is subjected to the factored end loads and moments about the
XX axis, as shown in Figure. The column is held in position but only partially restrained in
direction at the ends. Check that a 203X203 UC52 in Grade 43 steel in adequate.

Column subject to axial load and bending

1
Verification Example

Theoretical Results (BS5950-90)

(1) Column-section classification

Design strength from Table 6 p y = 275 N/mm2
Factor ε = (275 p y )0.5 = 1.0
Flange b T = 101.95 12.5 = 8.156 < 8.5

(2) Local capacity check

Section properties for 203 × 203 UC 52 are:
A = 66.4 cm2; Z x = 510 cm3; ry = 5.16 cm
x = 15.8 ; u = 0.848 ; S x = 568 cm3
Moment capacity about the XX axis
M ex = 275 × 568 /193 = 156.2 kNm
< 1.2 × 275 × 510 /103 = 168.4 kNm
Interaction expression:
880 × 10 35
+ = 0.48 + 0.22 = 0.7 < 1
66.4 × 275 156.2
The section is satisfactory with respect to local capacity

(3) Overall buckling check

The effective length from Table 24:
LE = 0.85 × 4500 = 3825
Slenderness λ = 3825 / 51.6 = 74.1
From Table 25 select Table 27(c) for buckling about the YY axis. From Table 27(c),
compressive strength pc = 172.8 N/mm2.

Referring to Table 9, the support conditions for the beam column are that it is laterally
restrained and restrained against torsion but partially free to rotate in plan:

Effective length LE = 0.85 × 4500 = 3825 mm

Slenderness λ = 74.1

The ratio of end moments:

β = 12 35 = 0.342

From Table 18 the equivalent uniform moment factor m = 0.697 . The factor n = 1.0 .
The equivalent slenderness:

2
 BS5950-90-3

λLT = uvλ
u = 0.848 − buckling parameter for H section
N = 0.5 − for uniform section with equal flanges
x = 15.8 − torsional index
λ x = 74.1 15.8 = 4.69
v = 0.832 − slenderness factor from Table 14
λLT = 0.848 × 0.832 × 74.1 = 52.2

From Table 11 the bending strength:

ρb = 232.7 N/mm2

Buckling resistance moment :

M b = 232.7 × 568 /103 = 132.1 kNm

Interaction expression :
880 × 10 0.697 × 35
+ = 0.77 + 0.18 = 0.95 < 1.0
66.4 × 172.8 132.1

The section is also satisfactory with respect to overall buckling.

3
Verification Example

Results by MIDAS/Gen
--------------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - Steel Code Checking [ BS5950-90 ]
========================================

*. PROJECT :
*. MEMBER NO = 1, ELEMENT TYPE = Beam
*. LOADCOMB NO = 1, MATERIAL NO = 1, SECTION NO = 1
*. UNIT SYSTEM : KN, m

*. SECTION PROPERTIES : Designation = UC 203x203x52

Shape = H - Section. (Rolled)
Depth = 0.206, Top F Width = 0.204, Bot.F Width = 0.204
Web Thick = 0.008, Top F Thick = 0.013, Bot.F Thick = 0.013

Area = 6.64000e-003, Asy = 4.58775e-003, Asz = 1.64960e-003

Ybar = 1.01950e-001, Zbar = 1.03100e-001, Qyb = 3.49600e-002,
Qzb = 5.19690e-003
Zyy = 5.10000e-004, Zzz = 1.73000e-004, Syy = 5.67000e-004,
Szz = 2.63000e-004
Iyy = 5.25400e-005, Izz = 1.76700e-005, Iyz = 0.00000e+000
Roy = 8.90000e-002, Roz = 5.16000e-002, Rop = 0.00000e+000
J = 3.19000e-007, Cwp = 1.66000e-013

*. DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR STRENGTH EVALUATION :

Len = 4.50000e+000, Le = 3.82500e+000 (User Defined).
Beta_y = 8.50000e-001, Beta_z = 8.50000e-001

*. MATERIAL PROPERTIES :
Fy = 2.75000e+005, Es = 2.05000e+008, MATERIAL NAME = 43A

*. FORCES AND MOMENTS AT (I) POINT :

Axial Force Fxx =-8.80000e+002
Shear Forces Fyy = 0.00000e+000, Fzz =-5.11111e+000
Bending Moments My =-3.50000e+001, Mz = 0.00000e+000
Moments of i-node Myyi =-3.50000e+001, Mzzi = 0.00000e+000
Moments of j-node Myyj =-1.20000e+001, Mzzj = 0.00000e+000

=================================================
[[[*]]] CALCULATE FACTORS AND EFFECTIVE LENGTH.
=================================================

( ). Calculate slenderness correction factor (n).

4
 BS5950-90-3

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 13, Appendix B.3 ]

-. In case of Normal Loads.
-. n (Default or User Defined Value) = 1.000

( ). Calculate equivalent uniform moment factors (my,mz).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7.6, Table 18 ]
-. In case of Normal Loads.
-. Beta = M1y / M2y
-. My = MAX[ 0.57 + 0.33*Beta + 0.1*Beta^2, 0.43 ] = 0.695
-. Beta = M1z / M2z
-. Mz = MAX[ 0.57 + 0.33*Beta + 0.1*Beta^2, 0.43 ] = 1.000

=========================
[[[*]]] CLASSIFY SECTION.
=========================

( ). Determine classification and design strength of compression flange (Rolled).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7, Table 8 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. b/t = BTR = 8.16
-. BTR < 8.5*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyf = 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of web (Rolled).

Web, where whole section is subject to compression.
[ BS5950-90 Part1. 3.5.2, Table 7 ]
-. e = SQRT( 275/Py ) = 1.00
-. d/t = HTR = 22.65
-. HTR < 39*e ( Class 1 : Plastic ).
-. Pyw= 275000.000 KN/m^2.

( ). Determine classification and design strength of critical component of section.

-. Py = MIN[ Pyf, Pyw ] = 275000.000 KN/m^2.
( Class 1 : Plastic ).

=============================
[[[*]]] CHECK AXIAL CAPACITY.
=============================

( ). Check slenderness ratio of axial compression member (Kl/r).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.7.3.2 ]
-. Kl/r = 74.1 < 200.0 ---> O.K.

( ). Calculate axial compressive capacity (Pc).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.7.4, 4.7.5, Appendix C ]
a = 5.50 for Table 27(c)

5
Verification Example

Lambda0 = 0.2 * SQRT(pi^2*Es/Py) = 17.2

Eta = 0.001*a*(Lambda - Lambda0) = 0.31
Pe = (pi^2*Es)/Lambda^2 = 368205.38 KN/m^2.
Phi = (Py+(Eta+1)*Pe)/2 = 379291.46 KN/m^2.
-. Pc = A*(Pe*Py)/[phi+SQRT(phi^2-Pe*Py)] = 1147.93 KN.

( ). Check ratio of axial strength (F/Pc).

F 880.00
-. ---- = --------------- = 0.767 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Pc 1147.93

==============================
[[[*]]] CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY.
==============================

( ). Calculate shear strength in local-z direction (Pvz).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.2.3, Appendix H ]
-. In case of HTR < 63*e
-. Pvz = 0.6*Py*Asz = 272.18 KN.

( ). Check ratio of shear strength (Fvz/Pvz).

( LCB = 1, POS = J )
-. Applied shear force : Fvz = 5.11 KN.
Fvz 5.11
-. ----- = --------------- = 0.019 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Pvz 272.18

==================================================
[[[*]]] CHECK BENDING CAPACITY ABOUT MAJOR AXIS.
==================================================

( ). Calculate bending strength in local-y direction (Mcy).

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.2.5 ]
In case of Fvz < 0.6*Pvz ( Plastic or Compact ).
-. Mcy = MIN[ Py*Syy, 1.2*Py*Zyy ] = 155.93 KN-m.

( ). Check ratio of flexural capacity (My/Mcy).

My 35.00
-. ----- = --------------- = 0.224 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Mcy 155.93

==================================================
[[[*]]] CHECK LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING.
==================================================

( ). Calculate lateral torsional buckling resistance of the member (Mb).

6
 BS5950-90-3

[ BS5950-90 Part1. 4.3.7, Appendix B ]

-. Hs = H - (tf1+tf2)/2 = 0.194 m.
-. Gamma = 1 - Izz/Iyy = 0.664
-. u = [ (4*Syy^2*Gamma) / (A*hs)^2 ]^0.25 = 0.848
-. x = 0.566*hs*SQRT(A/J) = 15.817
-. N = 0.500, Psi = 0.000
-. Lambda = Le / Roz = 74.128
-. temp_v = 4*N*(1-N) + 0.05*(Lambda/x)^2 + Psi^2 = 2.098
-. v = [ SQRT(temp_v) + Psi ]^(-1/2) = 0.831
-. Lambda_LT = n*u*v*Lambda = 52.200
-. Lambda_L0 = 0.4 * SQRT(pi^2*Es/Py) = 34.310

-. Eta_LT = MAX[ 0.007*(Lambda_LT-Lambda_L0), 0 ] = 0.125

-. Mp = Py * Syy = 155.93 KN-m.

-. Me = (Mp*pi^2*Es)/(Py*Lambda_LT^2) = 421.01 KN-m.
-. PhiB = [ Mp+(Eta_LT+1)*Me ] / 2 = 314.83 KN-m.
-. M_bar = my * My = 24.32 KN-m.
-. Mb = (Me*Mp) / [ phiB+SQRT{phiB^2-(Me*Mp)} ] = 131.88 KN-m.
M_bar 24.32
-. ----- = --------------- = 0.184 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
Mb 131.88

7
Verification Example

8
 BS5950-90-3

Comparison of Results
Result Reference MIDAS/Gen
λLT 52.2 52.2 (100%)
Mb 132.1 kNm 131.9 kN (99.9%)

Reference

T.J.M., T.C.A., “Structural Steel Work:Design to Limit State Theory”, Example 8.5.3