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Direct Objects: A direct object is a noun, pronoun, or group of words acting as a noun that receives the

action of a transitive verb.

Examples

I was watching the show until midnight. (Was watching what? Answer: show.)

Indirect Objects: An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that appears with a direct object and names
the person or thing that something is given to or done for.

Examples
I took her the slides.
(Took slides to or for whom? Answer: her)
We sent NASA the letters.
Objective Complements: An objective complement is an adjective or noun that appears with a direct
object and describes or renames it.
Examples
The President named her administrator of NASA.
I consider her the best candidate for the job.

Subject Complements: A subject complement is a noun, pronoun, or adjective that appears with a
linking verb and tells something about the subject

Appositive Phrases: A phrase is a group of words without a subject or verb that functions as one part of
speech.

Prepositional Phrases: A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition accompanied by a noun or


pronoun called the object of the preposition. The object may be compound and may have modifiers.

Example

Near the table and chairs

Adjective Phrases: An adjective phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun by
telling what kind or which one.

Adverb Phrases: An adverb phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an
adverb by pointing out where, when, in what way, or to what extent.

Appositives: An appositive is a noun or pronoun placed next to another noun or pronoun to identify,
rename, or explain it.

Appositive Phrases: An appositive phrase is a noun or pronoun with modifiers that is placed next to a
noun or pronoun to add information and details.

Participle: A participle is a form of a verb that can act as an adjective. Commented [EK1]:

A gerund phrase is a gerund with modifiers or a complement, all acting together as a noun.
An infinitive is a form of a verb that generally appears with the word to and acts as a noun, an adjective,
or an adverb.

An infinitive phrase is an infinitive with modifiers, a complement, or a subject, all acting together as a
single part of speech.

A clause is a group of words with its own subject and verb.

An independent clause can stand by itself as a complete sentence. A subordinate clause, although it has
a subject and a verb, cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence; it can only be part of a sentence.

An adjective clause is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun by telling what kind or
which one.

A relative pronoun or relative adverb connects the adjective clause to the modified word. It also acts
within the clause as a subject, direct object, or other sentence part.

Adverb clauses modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs, or verbal’s by telling where, when, in what way, to
what extent, under what condition, or why.

A noun clause is a subordinate clause that acts as a noun.

Sentence Combining: Sentences can be combined by using a compound subject, a compound verb, or a
compound object.

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