A. Conjugal Partnership of Gains – Arts.

105-133

1. Exclusive Properties of Each Spouse

a. Arts. 109-115

Case: Plata v. Yatco (12 SCRA 718)

Subsequently, the respondent, Villanueva, sued Gaudencio Begosa alone for illegal
detainer (Annex C. Petition) in Case No. Q-6250, and obtained judgment against him in the
court of first instance, that became final.
The illegal detainer judgment against the husband alone cannot bind nor affect the wife's
possession of her paraphernal, which by law she holds and administers independently, and
which she may even encumber or alienate without his knowledge or consent (Civ. Code, Arts.
136. 137, 140). Hence, as she was not made party defendant in the eviction suit, the petitioner-
wife could validly ignore the judgment of eviction against her husband

b. Property Acquired by Right of Redemption or Exchange with Exclusive Property of Spouse

Case: Rosete v. Prov. Sheriff (95 Phil 560)

2. Conjugal Property - Arts. 116-117

Cases:
Castillo v. Pasco (11 SCRA 102)
As the litigated fishpond was purchased partly with paraphernal funds and partly with
money of the conjugal partnership, justice requires that the property be held to belong to both
patrimonies in common, in proportion to the contributions of each to the total purchase price of
P6,000.

Zulueta v. PAN AM (43 SCRA 397)

Moreover, he having acted in this capacity in entering into the contract of carriage
with PANAM and paid the amount due to the latter, under the contract, with funds of conjugal
partnership, the damages recoverable for breach of such contract belongs to said partnership.

a. Property Bought on Installment - Art. 118

Cases:
Jovellanos v. CA (210 SCRA 126)
Alvarez v. Espiritu (14 SCRA 892)

b. Improvements at the Expense of Conjugal Funds or Through the Work or Industry of a Spouse –
Art. 120

Cases:
Vitug v. Montemayor (93 Phil 939)
Maramba v. Lozano (20 SCRA 474)
Caltex v. Felias (108 Phil 873)
Dominado v. Derayunan (49 Phil 452)
Calimlim-Canullas v. Fortun (129 SCRA 675)

1
3. Obligations and Charges Upon the Conjugal Partnership - Arts. 121, 123

a. Contractual Obligations Assumed by Either Spouse - Art. 122

Cases:
Luzon Surety v. De Garcia (30 SCRA 111)
Husband bounditself as guarantor - whether or not a conjugal partnership, in the absence of
any showing of benefits received, could be held liable on an indemnity agreement executed by
the husband to accommodate a third party in favor of a surety company.

Reyes, concurring:
This is the ratio behind our ruling in Javier vs. Osmeña, 34 Phil. 336, that obligations incurred
by the husband in the practice of his profession are collectible from the conjugal partnership.

Cobb-Perez v. Lantin (23 SCRA 637)

Ayala Investment & Dev’t. Co. v. CA (286 SCRA 272)

b. Charges Upon the Conjugal Partnership

Art. 122, par. 3

Case: Carlos v. Abelardo (380 SCRA 361)

4. Administration of Conjugal Partnership – Art. 124-125

5. Dissolution of the CPG – ARTS. 126-128

6. Liquidation – Arts. 129-133

B. Separation of Property

1. During the Marriage – Arts. 134-142

Cases:
Garcia v. Manzano (103 PHIL 798)
Partosa-Jo v. CA (216 SCRA 692)
Lacson v. San Jose (24 SCRA 837)

2. Regime of Separation of Property – Arts. 143-146

II. Unions Without Marriage

A. Arts. 147-148

B. Historical Background

2
 Cases:
Yaptinchay v. Torres (28 SCRA 489)
But stock must be taken of the fact that the creation of the civil relationship envisaged in
Article 144 is circumscribed by conditions, the existence of which must first be shown before
rights provided thereunder may be deemed to accrue. 13 One such condition is that there must
be a clear showing that the petitioner had, during cohabitation, really contributed to the
acquisition of the property involved. Until such right to co-ownership is duly established,
petitioner's interests in the property in controversy cannot be considered the "present right" or
title that would make available the protection or aid afforded by a writ of injunction.
Maxey v. CA (129 SCRA 187)
Valdes v. RTC (260 SCRA 221)
Nicdao Cariño v. Cariño (351 SCRA 127)

III. The Family

A. As an Institution – Arts. 149-151

B. The Family Home – Arts. 152-162

Case: Modequillo v. Breva (185 SCRA 766)

In the present case, the residential house and lot of petitioner was not constituted as a family
home whether judicially or extrajudicially under the Civil Code. It became a family home by
operation of law only under Article 153 of the Family Code. It is deemed constituted as a
family home upon the effectivity of the Family Code on August 3, 1988 not August 4, one year
after its publication in the Manila Chronicle on August 4, 1987 (1988 being a leap year).

The contention of petitioner that it should be considered a family home from the time it was
occupied by petitioner and his family in 1969 is not well- taken. Under Article 162 of the
Family Code, it is provided that "the provisions of this Chapter shall also govern existing
family residences insofar as said provisions are applicable." It does not mean that Articles 152
and 153 of said Code have a retroactive effect such that all existing family residences are
deemed to have been constituted as family homes at the time of their occupation prior to the
effectivity of the Family Code and are exempt from execution for the payment of obligations
incurred before the effectivity of the Family Code. Article 162 simply means that all existing
family residences at the time of the effectivity of the Family Code, are considered family homes
and are prospectively entitled to the benefits accorded to a family home under the Family Code.
Article 162 does not state that the provisions of Chapter 2, Title V have a retroactive effect.

Is the family home of petitioner exempt from execution of the money judgment aforecited No.
The debt or liability which was the basis of the judgment arose or was incurred at the time of
the vehicular accident on March 16, 1976 and the money judgment arising therefrom was
rendered by the appellate court on January 29, 1988. Both preceded the effectivity of the
Family Code on August 3, 1988. This case does not fall under the exemptions from execution
provided in the Family Code.

IV. Paternity and Filiation

A. Arts. 163-182;

3
B. R.A. 9858
"ART. 177. CHILDREN CONCEIVED AND BORN OUTSIDE OF WEDLOCK OF PARENTS WHO, AT THE
TIME OF CONCEPTION OF THE FORMER, WERE NOT DISQUALIFIED BY ANY IMPEDIMENT TO MARRY
EACH OTHER, OR WERE SO DISQUALIFIED ONLY BECAUSE EITHER OR BOTH OF THEM WERE
BELOW EIGHTEEN (18) YEARS OF AGE, MAY BE LEGITIMATED."

C. Cases:
Tayag v. CA (209 SCRA 665)
Benitez-Badua v. CA (229 SCRA 468)
Rodriguez v. CA (245 SCRA 150)

V. Adoption

A. Arts. 183-193

B. RA 8043, The Intercountry Adoption Act

C. RA 8552

D. RA 9523

E. Case: Republic v. CA (227 SCRA 401)

VI. Support

A. Arts. 194-208

VII. Parental Authority

A. Arts. 209-233

VIII. Age of Majority

A. RA 6809

IX. Summary Proceedings

A. Arts. 238-252

X. Final Provisions

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A. Arts. 253-256

XI. Care and Education of Children (From here onwards, provisions of law refer to the New
Civil Code, unless otherwise indicated)

A. Art. 363

B. Cases:
Luna v. IAC (137 SCRA 7)
Santos v. CA (242 SCRA 407)

XII. Funerals

A. Arts. 305-310

B. RA 7170 (Transplantable Organs)

XIII. Use of Surnames

A. Arts. 364-380

B. Cases:
Republic v. CA (209 SCRA 189)
Llaneta v. Agrava (57 SCRA 29)
Silva v. Peralta (110 Phil 56)
Calderon v. Republic (19 SCRA 721)
Naldoza v. Republic (112 SCRA 568)

XIV. Absence

A. Arts. 381-383

B. Rules of Court, Rule 107

C. Cases:
Lukban v. Republic (98 Phil 574)
Aboitiz v. Pepito (18 SCRA 1028)
Eastern Shipping Lines v. Lucero (124 SCRA 425)
Reyes v. Alejandro (141 SCRA 65)

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XV. Civil Register

A. Arts. 407-413

B. Rules of Court, Rule 108

C. PD 603, sec. 7; Republic Act 10172

D. Cases:
Republic v. Macli-ing (135 SCRA 367)
Republic v. Valencia (141 SCRA 462)
Kumala Salim Wing v. Abubakar (102 SCRA 523)
Leonor v. CA (256 SCRA 69)

PROPERTY

I. Classification of Property

A. Immovable Property

1. Art. 415

2. Cases:

Bicerra v. Teneza (6 SCRA 649)

Davao Saw Mill v. Castillo (61 Phil 709)
Ago v. CA (6 SCRA 530)
Presbitero v. Fernandez (7 SCRA 625)
Associated Insurance vs. Iya (103 SCRA 972)
Berkenkotter vs. Cu Unjieng (61 Phil 663)

B. Movable Property

1. Arts. 416-418

2. Cases:

Mindanao Bus v. City Assessor (6 SCRA 197)

Bd. of Assessment Appeals v. MERALCO (10 SCRA 68)
Tumalad v. Vicencio (41 SCRA 143)
Navarro v. Pineda (9 SCRA 631)

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II. Right of Accession

A. Real Property

1. Natural Increment

a. Arts. 441-444

2. Building, Planting, Sowing

a. Arts. 445-456

b. Cases:
Filipina Coll. v. Garcia Timbang (106 Phil 247)
Calapan Lumber v. Community Sawmill (11 SCRA 346)
Tayag v. Yuseco (105 Phil 484)
Ignao v. IAC (193 SCRA 18)
Pecson v. CA (244 SCRA 407)

3. Alluvium

a. Art. 457-458

b. Cases:
Republic v. CA (131 SCRA 532)
Ignacio v. Director of Lands (108 Phil 335)

4. Avulsion

a. Arts. 459-460

b. Case: Republic v. CA (132 SCRA 514)

5. Abandoned River Beds

a. Arts. 161-2

b. PD 1067, Art. 58

c. Case:
Hilario v. City of Manila (19 SCRA 931)

6. Islands in Riverbeds

a. Arts. 463-465

b. Case: Jagualing v. CA (194 SCRA 607)

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B. Movables

1. Adjunction/Conjunction

a. Arts. 466-471

2. Mixture (Commixtion or Confusion)

a. Arts. 472-473

b. Cases:
Santos v. Bernabe (54 Phil 19)
Siari Valley Estate v. Lucasan (97 Phil 987)

3. Specification

a. Art. 474

III. Actions

A. Replevin

1. Rule 60, RROC

B. Forcible Entry/Unlawful Detainer

1. Cases:

Masallo v. Cesar (39 Phil 134)

Monteblanco v. Hinigaran Sugar Plantation (63 Phil 794)

C. Accion Publiciana

1. Case:
Reyes v. Sta. Maria (91 SCRA 164)

D. Accion Reivindicatoria

1. Case:
Cruz v. CA (93 SCRA 619)

E. Quieting of Title

1. Arts. 476-481 NCC; Rule 64 ROC

2. Cases:
Bucton v. Gabar (55 SCRA 499)
Garcia v. CA (95 SCRA 380)
Jalandoni v. PNB (108 SCRA 102)
Layno v. CA (133 SCRA 718)

8
F. Abatement of Nuisance

1. Art. 694-707

2. Case:
Hidalgo Enterprises v Balandan (91 Phil 488)

IV. Co-ownership

A. Existence

1. Arts. 484-485, 492

2. Cases:
Adille v. CA (157 SCRA 455)
Oliveras v. Lopez (168 SCRA 431)

B. Rights

1. Arts. 493, 486-487

2. Case:
Pardell v. Bartolome (23 Phil 450)

C. Obligations

1. Arts. 488-491

2. Case:
Hibberd v. Estate of McElroy (G.R. L-8170, Aug 27, 1913, 25 Phil 164)

D. Partition

1. Arts. 494-501

2. Cases:
Tuason v. Tuason (L-3404, April 2, 1951, 88 Phil 428)
Vda. de Torres v. Encarnacion (L-4681, 89 Phil 678)

E. Redemption – Arts. 1620, 1623

V. Waters

A. PD 1067 (The Philippine Water Code)

B. Cases:
Metro Iloilo Water District v. CA (454 SCRA 249)
MMDA v. Concerned Residents of Manila Bay (574 SCRA 661)
Loney v. People (482 SCRA 194)

9
 VI. Possession

A. Acquisition

1. Arts. 523, 530-538

B. In the Concept of Owner

1. Good Faith vs. Bad Faith

a. General Rule

(i) Arts. 526-529

(ii) Cases:
Chua Hai vs. Kapunan (104 Phil 110)
Carbonell v. CA (69 SCRA 99)
Aznar v. Yapdiangco (13 SCRA 486)
De Garcia v. CA (37 SCRA 129)

b. Exception: Voidable Title

(i) Art. 1506

(ii) Case:
Edca v. Sps. Santos (184 SCRA 614)

2. Rights

a. Arts. 539-545, 549

b. Case:
DBP v. CA (316 SCRA 650)

3. Expenses, Improvements, Deterioration

a. Arts. 546-553

b. Cases:

Ortiz v. Kayanan (92 SCRA 146)

MWSS v. CA (143 SCRA 623)
Calagan v. CFI of Davao (95 SCRA 498)
Floreza v. Evangelista (96 SCRA 130)

4. Acquisition and Loss

a. Arts. 554-561

10
5. Recovery
a. Arts. 1140-1141

C. In the Concept of Holder

1. Usufruct

a. Arts. 592-597, 579-580

2. Lease

a. Art. 1678

3. Commodatum

a. Art. 1941, 1949

4. Mortgage

a. Case:
Gardner v. CA (80 SCRA 399)

5. Vendee a retro

a. Arts. 1616-1620

VII. Usufruct

A. Art. 607

B. Cases:
Palad v. Governor (46 SCRA 354)
Gaboya v. Cui (38 SCRA 85)
Grey v. Carandang (GR L-13361, Dec. 29, 1959, 57 OG No. 36, p. 6418)

VIII. Easements

A. Nature

1. Arts. 613-614, 617-618, 627-630

B. Kinds

1. Voluntary Easements

a. Arts. 688-693

b. Cases:
Trias v. Gregorio Araneta Inc. (15 SCRA 241)
Ortigas & Co. v. Feati bank (94 SCRA 533)

11
2. Legal Easements

a. Arts. 634-687

b. Cases:
Remman Enterprises v. CA (268 SCRA 688)
Relova v. Lavarez (9 Phil 149)
Valisno v. Adriano (161 SCRA 398)
NAPOCOR v. Gutierrez (193 SCRA 1)
Costabella Corp. v. CA (193 SCRA 333)
Case v. Heirs of Tuason (14 Phil 521)
Valenzuela v. Unson (32 Phil 19)
Cortes v. Yu Tibo (2 Phil 24)
Amor v. Florentino (74 Phil 404)
Gargantos v. Tan Yanon (108 Phil 888)

C. Acquisition

1. Arts. 620-626
2. Cases:
Ronquillo v. Roco (103 Phil 84)

D. Extinguishment

1. Arts. 631-633

2. Cases:
Benedicto v. CA (25 SCRA 145)
Salazar v. Gutierrez (33 SCRA 242)

IX. Registry of Property

A. 708-711 NCC

B. Cases:

Gonzales v. Basa (73 Phil 704)

ACCA of Hinigaran v. Yusay (107 Phil 791)
Sajonas v. CA (258 SCRA 79)

X. Modes of Acquiring Ownership – Art. 712

A. Original Modes

1. Occupation

a. Arts. 713-720, 438-439; Art 117 (5) FC

2. Intellectual Creation

12
 a. Arts. 721-724; R.A. 8293

b. Cases:
Filipino Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers v. Tan (148 SCRA 461)
Manzano v. CA (278 SCRA 688)

3. Prescription

B. Derivative Modes

1. Donation – Arts. 725, 734, 746

a. Kinds – Arts. 726-731

(i) Simple vs. Remunerative vs. Onerous

Cases:
Castro v. CA (27 SCRA 1076)
Llenado v. Hilvano (87 Phil 239)

(ii) Inter-vivos vs. Mortis Causa

Cases:
Bautista v. Sabiniano (92 SCRA 244)
Alejandro v. Geraldez (78 SCRA 245)
Puig v. Penaflorida (16 SCRA 137)

b. Parties

(i) Arts. 735-744

c. Perfection and Formalities

(i) Arts. 734, 745-749

(ii) Cases:
Pajarillo v. IAC (176 SCRA 340)
Genato v. de Lorenzo (23 SCRA 618)
Aldaba v. CA (27 SCRA 263)

d. Effects and Limitations

(i) Arts. 750-759

(ii) Cases:
Collado v. Alonzo (15 SCRA 562)

e. Revocation and Reduction

(i) Arts. 760-773
(ii) Cases:

13
 Oracion v. Juanillo (GR L-48678, Apr. 26, 1949, 46 OG No. 11, p. 5421)
Ortiz v. CA (97 Phil 46)
Cruz v. CA (140 SCRA 245)
De Luna v. Abrigo (181 SCRA 150)

C. Succession

D. Tradition/Delivery

SUCCESSION

I. Wills

A. Law Governing Form

1. In General

a. Arts. 795, 17, 815

b. Case: In re: Will of Abadia, Enriquez v. Abadia (95 PHIL 627)

2. Exceptions

a. Arts. 816-817; Art. 17, par. 2

b. Joint Wills – Arts. 818-819

Cases:
De la Cerna v. Rebaca-Potot (12 SCRA 576)
Vitug v. CA (183 SCRA 755)

c. Holographic wills – Art. 810

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B. Law Governing Contents

1. Arts. 16, par.2; 1039

2. Cases:
In re: Estate of Christensen, Aznar v. Garcia (7 SCRA 95)
PCIB v. Escolin (56 SCRA 266)

C. Kinds of Wills

1. Holographic Wills

a. Arts. 810, 804, 811

b. Cases:
In re: Estate of Esguerra, Gan v. Yap (104 PHIL 509)
Rodelas v. Aranza (119 SCRA 16)
Kalaw v. Relova (132 SCRA 237)
Ajero v. CA (236 SCRA 488)

2. Notarial Wills

a. Arts.805-806, 809

b. Cases:
Cruz v. Villasor (54 SCRA 31)
Cagro v. Cagro (92 Phil 1032)
Abangan v. Abangan (40 Phil 476)
Rodriguez v. Yap (68 Phil 126)
In re: Estate of Saguinsin (41 Phil 875)
Taboada v. Rosal (118 SCRA 195)
Caneda v. CA (222 SCRA 781)
Nera v. Rimando (18 Phil 450)
Guevara v. Guevara (98 Phil 249)

II. Preterition

A. Art. 854

B. Cases:
Escuin v. Escuin (11 Phil 332)
Eleazar v. Eleazar (67 Phil 497)
Neri v. Akutin (74 Phil 185)
Nuguid v. Nuguid (17 SCRA 449)
Balanay v. Martinez (64 SCRA 452)
Solano v. CA (126 SCRA 122)
Acain v. IAC (155 SCRA 100)

C. Preterition distinguished from Disinheritance without cause – Art. 918

15
D. Preterition distinguished from Art. 906

III. Death of Instituted Heir Before Testator’s Death – Art. 856

IV. Fideicommissary Substitution

A. Arts. 863-870

Case: Perez v. Garchitorena (54 Phil 431)

B. Distinguished from Simple Substitution

1. Arts. 857, 859

2. Case: Crisologo v. Singson (4 SCRA 491)

C. Distinguished from Resolutory Conditional Substitution

1. Arts. 867(1); 866, par.1; 863

2. Case: Ramirez v. Ramirez (111 SCRA 704)

V. Legitime

A. Arts. 886-904

B. Family Code, Art. 176

C. Compare Arts. 911 and 950

D. Case: Dizon-Rivera v. Dizon (33 SCRA 554)

VI. Reserva Troncal – Art. 891

A. Nature of Right of Reservor

1. Case: Sienes v. Esparcia (1 SCRA 750)

B. Distinguished from Fideicommissary Substitution

C. Reservees

1. Cases:
Chua v. CFI (78 SCRA 412)
Gonzales v. CFI (104 SCRA 161)
Padura v. Baldovino (104 Phil 1065)
De Papa v. Camacho (144 SCRA 281)

D. Effect of Alienation by Reservor

1. Cases:

16
 Nono v. Nequia (93 Phil 120)
Sumaya v. IAC (201 SCRA 178)

VII. Legacy – Arts. 957, 959

A. Case: Parish Priest v. Rigor (89 SCRA 493)

VIII. Intestate Succession

A. Arts. 969-969, 978-1010

1. Cases:
Corpus v. Corpus (85 SCRA 566)
Santillon v. Miranda (14 SCRA 563)
Bicomong v. Almanza (80 SCRA 421)
Sayson v. CA (205 SCRA 321)
Pascual v. Pascual-Bautista (207 SCRA 561)

B. Art. 992

1. Case: Diaz v. IAC (182 SCRA 427)

C. Estate of Illegitimate Child

1. Arts. 993, 903, 992-994, 1003-1010

D. Estate of Adopted Child

1. R.A. 8552

2. Case: De la Puerta v. CA (181 SCRA 861)

IX. Collation

A. Arts. 1061-1077

B. Family Code, Arts. 51, par. 3; 227

C. Cases:
Adan v. Casili (CA No. 299, March 18, 1946, 42 OG No. 11, p. 9277)
Vda. de Tupas v. RTC (144 SCRA 622)
De Roma v. CA (152 SCRA 205)

X. Partition of Estate – Arts. 1079-1080

A. Right of Redemption

1. Arts. 1088, 1619

2. Case: Doromal v. CA (66 SCRA 575)

17
B. Effects of Partition

1. Cases:
Guilas v. Judge of the CFI (43 SCRA 111)
De los Santos v. De la Cruz (37 SCRA 555)

PRESCRIPTION

Arts. 1106-1155

Code of Civil Procedure, Secs. 42 and 45

Cases:
Kiamco v. CA (211 SCRA 156)
MERALCO v. IAC (174 SCRA 313)
Solis v. CA (176 SCRA 678)

I. Distinction Between Acquisitive Prescription and Extinctive Prescription

A. Cases:
Montañez v. Montañez (51 OG No. 8, p. 4119)
Sunga v. De Guzman (90 SCRA 618)
Overseas Bank v. Geraldez (94 SCRA 937)
Buenavente v. Melchor (89 SCRA 222)
Ledesma v. CA (224 SCRA 175)

II. Distinction Between Extinctive Prescription and Laches

A. Cases:
Miguel v. Catalino (26 SCRA 234)
Lola v. CA (145 SCRA 439)
Victoriano v. CA (194 SCRA 19)

III. Special Cases

A. Cases:
Garrido v. Enriquez (30 SCRA 77)
Vda. de Espiritu v. CFI (47 SCRA 354)
Torreda v. Boncaros (69 SCRA 247)
Solidarios v. Alampay (62 SCRA 131)
Jalandoni v. PNB (108 SCRA 102)
Board of Liquidators v. Zulueta (115 SCRA 548)
Republic v. CFI (120 SCRA 154)
Luzon Surety v. IAC (151 SCRA 652)
Atok-Big Wedge v. CA (193 SCRA 71)

18
19