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Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Basic Characteristics
1.2 Benefits
1.3 Additional Information
2 Feature Operation
2.1 Network Requirements
2.2 <"Feature Operation Sequence Diagram" optional section>
2.3 <"Process Steps" optional section>
3 Parameters
3.1 Feature Configuration Parameters
3.2 Affected Parameters
3.3 <"Parameters Affecting the Feature" optional section>
4 Network Impact
4.1 <"Capacity" optional section>
4.2 <"Coverage" optional section>
4.3 <"Mobility" optional section>
4.4 <<other area> optional section>
6 Performance
6.1 KPIs
6.2 Counters
6.3 Events
7 O&M Information
7.1 Activate and Deactivate Feature
1 Introduction
This document describes the 64-QAM Uplink feature, which offers an increased uplink
throughput to UEs with 64-QAM capability in good covering areas, and makes the uplink
spectrum more efficient.
The benefits on uplink cell throughput increases if more receiving antennas are used. This
feature provides support of 64QAM modulation in the uplink for Category 5 UEs, and UL-
Category 5 and 13, defined in 3GPP TS 36.306 v12.4.0.
Replaces: N/A
Dependencies
1.2 Benefits
The 64-QAM Uplink feature enables higher order modulation on PUSCH, increases the
number of bits per symbol used in LTE physical layer resources, and improves throughput.
Benefits:
Allows uplink peak rate 70 Mbps for 64QAM capable UEs in FDD 20 MHz
bandwidth
Increase uplink throughput for 64QAM capable UEs in good coverage areas
2 Feature Operation
This section describes the 64-QAM Uplink feature in detail, including network configuration
requirements and operation flows.
3 Parameters
This section describes configuration parameters for the 64-QAM Uplink feature and
parameters affected by activating the feature.
4 Network Impact
64QAM is selected based on estimated uplink channel quality. Since UE is power limited,
64QAM may be applied in good radio conditions with the knowledge of UE’s power
headroom. The overall uplink cell throughput and spectral efficiency is expected to increase,
however the amount of the increase depends on the ratio of 64QAM users and their channel
characteristics. Ideally it allows for single user uplink peak rate and spectral efficiency as
below:
~75 Mbps in 20 MHz FDD, while ~55 Mbps in case of 16QAM • 3.75 bits/s/Hz,
while 2.75 bits/s/Hz in case of 16QAM
~75 Mbps in 20 MHz FDD, while ~55 Mbps in case of 16QAM • 3.75 bits/s/Hz,
while 2.75 bits/s/Hz in case of 16QAM
In practice there will be RBs allocated to PUSCH and PRACH. Thus a realistic
single user uplink peak rate is 70 Mbps with 90% 96 SBs allocation and 10% 90
SBs allocation.
6 Performance
This section describes performance indicators, counters, and events associated with the 64-
QAM Uplink feature.
6.1 KPIs
Table 7 lists the main Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) associated with the 64-QAM Uplink
feature.
Table 7 KPIs
KPI Description
CORE-B-PI:183 UL 64QAM Show the ratio of UL 64QAM feature usage.
Transport Ratio
CORE-B-PI:182 UL HARQ Extend existing PI “UL HARQ DTX Rate”
64QAM DTX Rate
CORE-B-PI:184 UL 64QAM Show the BLER for UL 64QAM
BLER
CORE-B-PI:83 UL HARQ Add 64QAM in the calculation.
Response rate
CORE-B-PI:143 UL HARQ Add 64QAM in the calculation.
Success Rate
CORE-B-PI:144 UL HARQ DTX Add 64QAM in the calculation.
Rate
CORE-B-PI:84 DL 64QAM Update PI name from “64QAM” to “DL 64QAM” since a similar UL one is
Transport Ratio created???
CORE-V-KPI:14 UDP UL Peak Link to new MARS requirements
Data Rate
CORE-B-KPI:49 UDP UL Link to new MARS requirement s
Average User Throughput
6.2 Counters
Table 8 lists the counters associated with the 64-QAM Uplink feature.
Table 8 Counters
Counter Description
pmMacHarqUlSucc64qam The total number of successful HARQ transmissions in the uplink
direction using a 64QAM modulation. Condition: To decide if it was
successful is based on the CRC check, not based on if RBS sends HARQ
ACK (RBS can use the ACK even if the transport block was not
successfully decoded in a way to control the HARQ). Counter type: ACC
Sampling rate: - Scanner: Not included in any predefined scanner
Counter is reset after measurement period: Yes
pmMacHarqUlFail64qam The total number of unsuccessful HARQ transmissions in the uplink
direction using a 64QAM modulation. Condition: To decide if it was
failed is based on the CRC check for received transport blocks (which
results in NACK). Counter type: ACC Sampling rate: - Scanner: Not
included in any predefined scanner Counter is reset after measurement
period: Yes
pmMacHarqUlDtx64qam The total number of occasions when an uplink grant was meant for
HARQ transmission of a transport block using 64QAM modulation in the
uplink direction, where DTX is considered the reason for no reception of
HARQ in uplink in the eNB. Condition: To decide if it was DTX is based
on not receiving a granted uplink transmission using 64QAM
modulation. Counter type: ACC Sampling rate: - Scanner: Not included
in any predefined scanner Counter is reset after measurement period:
Yes
pmSinrPuschDistr [0]: SINR <= -5 [1]: -5 < SINR <= -2 [2]: -2< SINR <= 2 [3]: 2 <
SINR <= 6 [4]: 6 < SINR <= 10 [5]: 10 < SINR <= 14 [6]: 14 < SINR
<= 17 [7]: 17 < SINR [7]: 17 < SINR <= 20 [8]: 20 < SINR
pmSinrPuschSectorCarrierDistr Distribution of the SINR values calculated for PUSCH. One bin added to
extend the range as done for pmSinrPuschDistr
pmUeCategoryDlUlCombDistr Distribution of supported combinations for UE capability parameters ue-
CategoryUL and ue-CategoryDL for established UE contexts, according
to 3GPP TS 36.306 Table 4.1A-6. PDF ranges: [0]: ueCategoryDL = 0
and ueCategoryUL = 0 [1]: ueCategoryDL = 6 and ueCategoryUL = 5
[2]: ueCategoryDL = 7 and ueCategoryUL = 13 [3]: ueCategoryDL = 9
and ueCategoryUL = 5 [4]: ueCategoryDL = 10 and ueCategoryUL = 13
[5]: ueCategoryDL = 11 and ueCategoryUL = 5 [6]: ueCategoryDL =
12 and ueCategoryUL = 13 [7]: ueCategoryDL = 13 and ueCategoryUL
= 3 [8]: ueCategoryDL = 13 and ueCategoryUL = 5 [9]: ueCategoryDL
= 13 and ueCategoryUL = 7 [10]: ueCategoryDL = 13 and
ueCategoryUL = 13
More information about counters can be found in Managed Object Model (MOM).
6.3 Events
Table 9 lists the events associated with the 64-QAM Uplink feature.
Table 9 Events
Event Event Parameter Description
EVENT_PARAM_UE_HARQ_UL_SUCC_64QAM The total number of successful HARQ
transmissions in the uplink direction using a
64QAM modulation. Successful is based on
the CRC check, not based on if RBS sends
HARQ ACK (RBS can use the ACK even if the
transport block was not successfully decoded
in a way to control the HARQ)
EVENT_PARAM_UE_HARQ_UL_FAIL_64QAM The total number of unsuccessful HARQ
transmissions in the uplink direction using a
64QAM modulation.Failure is based on the
CRC check (which will result in an NACK).
EVENT_PARAM_PER_UE_MAC_DTX_UL_64QAM The total number of occasions when an
uplink grant was meant for HARQ
transmission of a transport block using
64QAM modulation in the uplink direction,
where DTX is considered the reason for no
receiption of HARQ in uplink in the eNB.
EVENT_PARAM_SINR_MEAS_PUSCH_7 Number of samples for the measured SINR
on PUSCH, with 17 < SINR <= 20
EVENT_PARAM_SINR_MEAS_PUSCH_8 Number of samples for the measured SINR
on PUSCH, with 20 < SINR
EVENT_PARAM_UE_CAP_CATEGORY_DL_UL_COMB The ue-CategoryDL and ue-CategoryUL
Combination indicated by the UE, which sets
many other UE L2 parameters for the UE; it
has a range of [1..12]. See Table 4.1A-1,
4.1A-2, 4.1A-3, 4.1A-4, 4.1A-5 and 4.1A-6
3GPP Rel-12 TS 36.306.
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_0_UL_0
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_6_UL_5
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_7_UL_13
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_9_UL_5
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_10_UL_13
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_11_UL_5
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_12_UL_13
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_13_UL_3
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_13_UL_5
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_13_UL_7
EVENT_VALUE_UE_CATEGORY_DL_13_UL_13
EVENT_PARAM_SINR_MEAS_PUSCH_7_XL Number of samples for the measured SINR
on PUSCH, with 17 < SINR <= 20
EVENT_PARAM_SINR_MEAS_PUSCH_8_XL Number of samples for the measured SINR
on PUSCH, with 20 < SINR
EVENT_PARAM_UE_HARQ_UL_SUCC_64QAM_XL The total number of successful HARQ
transmissions in the uplink direction using a
64QAM modulation. Successful is based on
the CRC check, not based on if RBS sends
HARQ ACK (RBS can use the ACK even if the
transport block was not successfully decoded
in a way to control the HARQ)
EVENT_PARAM_UE_HARQ_UL_FAIL_64QAM_XL The total number of unsuccessful HARQ
transmissions in the uplink direction using a
64QAM modulation. Failure is based on the
CRC check (which will result in an NACK).
EVENT_PARAM_PER_UE_MAC_DTX_UL_64QAM_XL The total number of occasions when an
uplink grant was meant for HARQ
transmission of a transport block using
64QAM modulation in the uplink direction,
where DTX is considered the reason for no
reception of HARQ in uplink in the eNB
More information about events can be found in PM Event List (DU-based node) or Lists
(Baseband-based node).
7 O&M Information
This section provides Operation and Maintenance (O&M) information for the 64-QAM Uplink
feature.
7.1 Activate and Deactivate Feature
Activating the feature requires that the corresponding license is installed. When the license
is installed, an MO instance Ul64Qam is automatically created.