NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

964/3 (P3) STPM 2017

JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
BIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
KERTAS 3
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
(Satu jam setengah)
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI
JKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGIJKDBIOLOGI

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA

Instructions to candidates:

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Answer all questions in Section A. Indicates the correct answer on the Multiple-choice
Answer Sheet provided.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write the answer in the spaces provided.
Answer two questions only in Section C. You may answer all the questions but only the
first two answers will be marked. Write the answers on the answer sheets. All working should be
shown. For numerical answers, units should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each answer
on a new page of the answer sheet.
Answer may be written in English or Malay.
For examiner’s use
Section A
(1-15)
Section B
16
17
Section C

Total

This question paper consists of 9 printed pages and 1 blank page.

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

Section A
[15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

1. The following identification key is prepared for five types of animals.

1. a. Animals with back bone ………………………. Refer to 2

b. Animals without back bone …………………… Refer to 3

2. a. Body with dry scales ……………………………………. P

b. Body without scales …………………………………….. Q

3. a. A pair of antenna ………………………………. Refer to 4

b. More than a pair of antenna ……………………………. R

4. a. 3 pairs of mouthparts ……………………………………. S

b. A pair of jaws ……………………………………………. T

What are animal P,Q, R, S and T?

P Q R S T
A. Snake Frog Cockroach Prawn Centipede
B. Frog Snake Cockroach Centipede Prawn
C. Snake Frog Centipede Prawn Cockroach
D. Snake Frog Prawn Cockroach Centipede

2. The tropical rain forest in Malaysia is an example of a complex ecosystem. Unfortunately, the forest is
threatened by activities such as logging, whose consequences are species extinction and damage to the
ecosystem. Which of the steps below could be applied to overcome the problem?

I Replanting mangrove trees.

II Reassessing the activities of converting lowland forests into agricultural areas.
III Reducing logging wastage.
IV Managing forests efficiently.

A. I and II
B. II and III
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

3. The types of diversity and their descriptions are given in the table below.

Types of diversity Description

Species (a) There are 26 wild and one cultivated durian species.

(b) Orchids, tree ferns, palms and climbers are found at canopy
Genetic while mosses, fungi and tree seedlings are found at shrub area.

Ecological (c) At a forest reserve, 167 species in 107 genera comprising 41

families of trees are counted in a 50 hectare plot.

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

Species Genetic Ecological

A. (a) (c ) (b)
B. (c) (a) (b)
C. (b) (a) (c )
D. (c) (b) (a)

4. The energy flow through an ecosystem is shown in the diagram below.

At which trophic level is the energy transfer least efficient?

A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV

5.

Which of the following are correct for the characteristics of the animals and their survivorship curve?

I Organism with curve A has a high reproductive rate.

II Example of an organism with curve B is the Hydra,
III Organism with curve C is adapted for competition.
IV Organism with curve A usually produces a J-shaped population growth curve.

A. I, II and III
B. I, III and IV
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

6. X is a species of fish in a river. After a dam is constructed, individuals of species X upstream are
separated from the individuals downstream. Gradually, the individuals in the upstream become a new
species, this type of speciation is known as

A. Intraspecific and allopatric

B. Intraspecific and sympatric
C. Interspecific and allopatric
D. Interspecific and sympatric

7. In the natural population, three types of natural selection can be identified. The diagram below shows a
series of normal dispersion curves that describes how the three types of selection works.

What is the type of natural selection illustrated by the series of normal dispersion I, II and III above?

Dispersion Selection Directional Selection Stabilizing Selection

A. I III II
B. II I III
C. II III I
D. III I II

8. The combination of two alleles of a gene produces three different genotypes and three different
phenotypes. This interaction is known as

A. Epistasis
B. Dominance
C. Lethal gene
D. Incomplete dominance

9. The diagram below shows the regulatory scheme of lactose operon, where I to IV represent the
reaction sequence while X, Y and Z represent the genes.

What are the genes represented by X, Y and Z in the above scheme?

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

X Y Z
A. Regulator gene Operator gene Structural gene
B. Regulator gene Structural gene Operator gene
C. Operator gene Regulator gene Structural gene
D. Operator gene Structural gene Regulator gene

10. A section of a DNA molecule is shown below.

3’-A-T-T-C-T-C-C-A-A-5’ anti-sense strand

5’-T-A-A-G-A-G-G-T-T-3’ sense strand

The DNA molecule is treated with a mutagen which substituted all the cytosines with adenines. What
are the base sequences on the mRNA and tRNA which correspond to the new mutant DNA?

mRNA tRNA
A. 5’-A-U-U-C-U-C-C-A-A-3’ 3’-U -A-A-G-A-G-G-U-U-5’
B. 5’-U-A-A-G-A-G-G-U-U-3’ 3’-A-U-U-C-U-C-C-A-A-5’
C. 5’-U-A-A-A-U-A-A-U-U-3’ 3’- A-U-U-U-A-U-U-A-A-5’
D. 5’-U-A-A-U-A-U-U-U-U-3’ 3’-A-U-U-A-U-A-A-A-A-5’

11. The diagram below shows DNA cloning using a bacterial plasmid.

Why is it necessary to carry out screening?

I There are bacteria that are not transformed.

II There are bacteria that do not undergo amplification.
III There are bacteria that are transformed with non-recombinant plasmids.

A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II and III

12. Which are true about the similarities of genomic cloning and cDNA cloning?

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

I Uses DNA ligase

II Uses reverse transcriptase
III Uses restriction endonuclease
IV Uses DNA as the starting materials

A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and IV
D. III and IV

13. Which are true of restriction enzymes?

I a type of endonuclease
II Join two DNA fragments
III Use to cut DNA and RNA
IV Naturally found in some bacteria.

A. I and III
B. I and IV
C. II and III
D. II and IV

14. Which is the most suitable role of biotechnology in ensuring the safety of our country?

A. To improve nutritional quality of crops.

B. To counter act against biological weapons threat.
C. To ensure the well being of plants and animals resources.
D. To prevent from the lost of the gene resources and patents content.

15. Which genetically engineered microorganism is successfully used in bioremediation of oil spills?
A. Agrobacterium sp.
B. Bacillus sp.
C. Pseudomonas sp.
D. Trichoderma sp.

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 NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

Section B
[15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

16 The diagram below shows the Sulphur cycle.

Sulphur dioxide in
atmosphere
Sulphur dioxide
Oxidation byin atmosphere
sulphur bacteria
Sulphur dioxide
in atmosphere
Sulphur in
animal proteins

Hydrogen
Bacteria R sulphate
sulphide feeding
Process M

Bacteria Q Sulphur in
plant proteins

Sulphur Bacteria P
Weathering
and oxidations

Sulphur in
rocks

(a) What is meant by biogeochemical cycle? [1mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Name process M. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Name bacteria P and Q. [2 marks]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

(d) State the role of bacteria R. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(d) Name two examples of biological molecule in the cell that has incorporated sulphate
absorbed by the plants. [2 marks]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(f) Both bacteria P and Q are autotroph. State a difference between them. [1 mark]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

17 The base sequence of part of a gene that code for a particular polypeptide is shown below.

5’ CAAGTACCCTAC 3’

(a) (i) Name the process of formation of mRNA from DNA. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Name two enzymes involved in the process mentioned above. [2 marks]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b)

By referring to the table above, write the amino acid sequence for the above gene.
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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) With reference to the role of transfer RNA and ribosome, outline how amino acids are
lined up in the correct sequence along the mRNA during translation. [3 marks]

……………………………………………………………………………………………..…..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Section C [30 marks]

Answer TWO questions only in this section.

18 (a) Compare and contrast the characteristics between Kingdom Fungi and Kingdom Plantae.

[7 marks]
(b) (i) What is meant by sustainable development
[2 marks]

(ii) Discuss how sustainable development can be implemented in forestry. [6 marks]

19 (a) Explain how disruptive selection can cause speciation. [5 marks]

(b) Explain with example how adaptive radiation can lead to speciation. [7 marks]

(c) State the importance of speciation. [3 marks]

20 (a) Albinism is a hereditary disease due to the absence of the skin pigment melanin. The allele for
albinism is recessive to the allele for normal pigmentation. One person in 10 000 is an albino.
Determine the number of individual in a population which are carrier.
[5 marks]

(b)(i) Describe the main steps in the formation of DNA fingerprints. [7 marks]

(ii) State the use of this technique. [3 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

ANSWER SCHEME
Section A

1 D 6 A 11 B
2 C 7 A 12 B
3 B 8 D 13 B
4 C 9 A 14 B
5 D 10 D 15 C

Section B
16 (a)  Biogeochemical cycle is a cycle in which the chemicals/ elements/ nutrients 1m
are pass through living organisms by biological process as well as through
soil, air, water and rock by geological process
(b)  combustion of fossil fuel / volcanic eruption / mining activities 1m

(c)  P : Thiobacillus 1m
 Q : Chromatium 1m

 (scientific names must be underlined when hand-written, if not, 0

mark)
(d)  It reduces the sulphur in plants and animals into hydrogen sulphide in 1m
decomposition process.

(e)  Protein/ Amino acid cysteine 1m each

 Coenzyme A (any two)
 Biotin

(f)  P carries out chemosynthesis while Q carries out photosynthesis. 1m each

 P uses energy releases from oxidation of inorganic substance (sulphur) to (any one)
make food while Q uses energy from sunlight.
 P uses water as a source of hydrogen to make food while Q uses hydrogen
sulphide as a source of hydrogen.

TOTAL 8m
17 (a) (i)  Transcription 1m

(ii)  Helicase 1m
 RNA polymerase 1m

(b)  Valine/ val - glycine/ Gly - Tyrosine/ Tyr - Leucine/ Leu 1m

(c)  tRNA carries a specific amino acid determined by its anticodon. 1m

 Anticodon makes a complementary base pair with codon on mRNA that 1m
attached to ribosome.
 Ribosome moves along mRNA in 5’ to 3’ direction by a codon at each 1m
move. (The codons are translated to amino acid until the stop codon)

TOTAL 7m
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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

Section C

18 (a) Compare and contrast the characteristics between Kingdom Fungi and Kingdom Plantae.
[7 marks]

Similarity
1. Both cells of fungi and plants have cell wall.
2. They are eukaryotic
3. They are non motile

Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae

4. Chlorophyll absent Chlorophyll present
5. Heterotrophic nutrition Autotrophic nutrition
6. Food storage is glycogen Food storage is starch
7. Cell wall is made up of chitin Cell wall is made up of cellulose
8. Life cycle does not show alternation of Life cycle shows alternation of
generation generation

(b) (i) What is meant by sustainable development [2 marks]

1. The development that can continue indefinitely.

2. It exploits the use of renewable resources, minimizes the use of non-renewable resources thus
minimizing environmental damage.
3. Involve the preservation and conservation of the environment

(ii) Discuss how sustainable development can be implemented in forestry. [6 marks]

1. Replanting trees in areas that have been logged.

2. Selective logging to prevent soil erosion/ loss of water shed area/ species extinction.
3. Enforcement of law to prevent illegal logging.
4. Establish forest reserves to avoid destruction of the forest and maintain its biodiversity.
5. Stop traditional slash and burn forest clearance in shifting cultivation.
6. Educate the public to create their awareness on the importance of coservation.
7. Recycle paper to reduce the number of trees being cut down.

20 (a) Explain how disruptive selection can cause speciation. [5 marks]

1. Disruptive selection occurs when a selection pressure acts against the intermediate group/
phenotype and eliminate it.
2. But favours both the extreme groups/ phenotypes.
3. This occurs when environmental condition fluctuate between two opposite extreme values.
4. Eventually a population is split into two subpopulations/ demes.
5. Interbreeding/ gene flow between the subpopulations is prevented.
6. They are reproductively isolated and have developed different allele frequencies.
7. Over time the two subpopulations are unable to interbreed and become two different species.

(b) Explain with example how adaptive radiation can lead to speciation. [7 marks]

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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

1. Adaptive radiation is a process where a number of new sp. is formed gradually from an ancestral
sp. due to modification of adaptive features from generation to generation in different
ecological habitat & niche.
2. For example, the ancestral finches from mainland of South America were flew or blown or
brought by drifting wood to the Galapagos Island during freak storm.
3. The islands are geographically isolated from the main land, there were few species there and less
competition occurred.
4. The finches started to occupy the different empty ecological niches there.
5. There is variation in the beak size and shape, the finches with the beak sizes and shapes that is
most adaptable to the new niche were selected for survival and reproduce to pass their gene to
the next generation.
6. Mutation and natural selection that occurs produce finches with the beak size and shape that were
most adaptable to the food available in the new habitats and niches from generation to
generation
7. The finches were reproductively isolated, there is no gene flow and allele frequency change over
generations.
8. In this way speciation had occurred and produce 13 species of finches with different beak sizes
and shapes.

(c) State the importance of speciation. [3 marks]

1. Speciation produces biodiversity/ diversify living organisms

2. Improves adaptation of organisms to ever changing environment for their survival.
3. Results in divergent evolution that fill species to different niches.
4. Improves the quality of a species to meet human needs.

20 (a) Albinism is a hereditary disease due to the absence of the skin pigment melanin. The allele
for albinism is recessive to the allele for normal pigmentation. One person in 10 000 is an
albino. Determine the number of individual in a population which are carrier. [5
marks]

Frequency of homozygous recessive genotype (q2) = 1/10 000

= 0.0001 (1m)

Frequency of recessive allele (q) = 0.0001

= 0.01 (1m)

Frequency of dominant allele (p) =1-q

= 1 - 0.01

= 0.99 (1m)

Frequency of heterozygous genotype (2pq) = 2 x 0.99 x 0.01

= 0.0198 (1m)

Number of carrier = 2pq x 10 000

= 0.0198 x 10 000

= 198 (1m)
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NAME: …………………………………………………… CLASS: …………………………

(b)(i) Describe the main steps in the formation of DNA fingerprints. [7 marks]

1. DNA is extracted from a sample of cells, such as blood/ semen/ saliva.

2. DNA is treated with a restriction enzyme which cut the DNA into fragments.
3. The fragments are separated according to their sizes using gel electrophoresis.
4. The gel is immersed in an alkali to separate the double stranded DNA into single strand.
5. Southern blotting/ electroblotting/ vacuum blotting procedure is carried out to transfer the DNA to
a nylon filter.
6. Radioactive DNA probes with base sequence which are complementary to part of the DNA
fragments are added.
7. Autoradiography is carried out by placing an X-ray film on the nylon filter.
8. Radiation from any band to which the probes had hybridized will blacken the film forming dark
bands. With that a DNA fingerprint is produced.

(ii) State the use of this technique. [3 marks]

1. To determine paternity
2. To identify defective gene in a carrier
3. To confirm animal pedigree
4. To identify the criminal

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