Web Browser :

People access websites using software called a web browser. Popular examples include Firefox,
Internet Explorer, Safari, Chrome, and Opera. In order to view a web page, users might type a web
address into their browser, follow a link from another site, or use a bookmark.

Software manufacturers regularly release new versions of browsers with new features and
supporting new additions to languages. It is important, however, to remember that many computer
owners will not be running the latest versions of these browsers. Therefore you cannot rely on all
visitors to your site being able to use the latest functionality offered in all browsers.

Working

The World Wide Web operates on a client/server model. You run a web client on your computer—
called a web browser—such as Microsoft’s Internet Explorer or Firefox. That client contacts a web
server and requests information or resources. The web server locates and then sends the
information to the web browser, which displays the results.

Web Server:

A Web server is a program that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to serve the files that
form Web pages to users, in response to their requests, which are forwarded by their computers'
HTTP clients. Dedicated computers and appliances may be referred to as Web servers as well.
The process is an example of the client/server model. All computers that host Web sites must have
Web server programs. Leading Web servers include Apache, Microsoft's Internet Information
Server (IIS) and nginx from NGNIX. Other Web servers include Novell's NetWare server, Google
Web Server (GWS) and IBM's family of Domino servers.

Web servers often come as part of a larger package of Internet- and intranet-related programs for
serving email, downloading requests for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) files, and building and
publishing Web pages. Considerations in choosing a Web server include how well it works with
the operating system and other servers, its ability to handle server-side programming, security
characteristics, and the particular publishing, search engine and site building tools that come with
it.
Web Pages:

Web pages are what make up the World Wide Web. These documents are written in HTML
(hypertext markup language) and are translated by your Web browser. Web pages can either be
static or dynamic. Static pages show the same content each time they are viewed. Dynamic pages
have content that can change each time they are accessed. These pages are typically written in
scripting languages such as PHP, Perl, ASP, or JSP. The scripts in the pages run functions on the
server that return things like the date and time, and database information. All the information is
returned as HTML code, so when the page gets to your browser, all the browser has to do is
translate the HTML.

Please note that a Web page is not the same thing as a Web site. A Web site is a collection of
pages. A Web page is an individual HTML document. This is a good distinction to know, as most
techies have little tolerance for people who mix up the two terms.

Website
A website is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified
with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server. Notable examples
are wikipedia.org, google.com, and amazon.com. Today roughly 380 new websites are created
every minute across the World.

A website may be accessible via a public Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, or a
private local area network(LAN), by referencing a uniform resource locator (URL) that identifies
the site.

Websites can have many functions and can be used in various fashions; a website can be a personal
website, a corporate website for a company, a government website, an organization website, etc.
Websites are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, ranging from entertainment
and social networking to providing news and education. All publicly accessible websites
collectively constitute the World Wide Web, while private websites, such as a company's website
for its employees, are typically a part of an intranet.
Web Application
A web application or "web app" is a software program that runs on a web server. Unlike traditional
desktop applications, which are launched by your operating system, web apps must be accessed
through a web browser.
Web apps have several advantages over desktop applications. Since they run inside web browsers,
developers do not need to develop web apps for multiple platforms. For example, a single
application that runs in Chrome will work on both Windows and OS X. Developers do not need to
distribute software updates to users when the web app is updated. By updating the application on
the server, all users have access to the updated version.
From a user standpoint, a web app may provide a more consistent user interface across
multiple platforms because the appearance is dependent on the browser rather than the operating
system. Additionally, the data you enter into a web app is processed and saved remotely. This
allows you to access the same data from multiple devices, rather than transferring files between
computer systems.
While web applications offer several benefits, they do have some disadvantages compared to
desktop applications. Since they do not run directly from the operating system, they have limited
access to system resources, such as the CPU, memory, and the file system. Therefore, high-end
programs, such as video production and other media apps generally perform better as desktop
applications. Web apps are also entirely dependent on the web browser. If your browser crashes,
for example, you may lose your unsaved progress. Also, browser updates may cause
incompatibilities with web apps, creating unexpected issues.

IP Address:
An IP address, short for Internet Protocol address, is an identifying number for a piece of
network hardware. Having an IP address allows a device to communicate with other
devices over an IP-based network like the internet. An IP address provides an identity to
a networked device. Similar to a home or business address supplying that specific
physical location with an identifiable address, devices on a network are differentiated from
one another through IP addresses.
For example, when I enter a website like www.lifewire.com into my browser, my request
to load that page is sent to DNS servers that look up that hostname (lifewire.com) to find
its corresponding IP address (151.101.65.121). Without the IP address attached, my
computer will have no clue what it is that I'm after.

HOW TO FIND THE IP NUMBER AND MAC ADDRESS OF A NETWORK

CARD

1. Press the Windows Start key to open the Start screen.

2. Type cmd and press Enter to launch the command prompt.
o Note: You do not need to click on anything on the Start screen—typing will
automatically initiate a program search.

3. Type ipconfig /all at the command prompt to check the network card settings.
4. The MAC address and IP address are listed under the appropriate adapter as Physical
Address and IPv4 Address.

5. You can copy the Physical Address and IPv4 Address from the command prompt by
right clicking in the command prompt and clicking Mark.
 6. Select the text you want to copy with the mouse and hit the Enter key to copy it. You
should now be able to paste the text elsewhere using the standard clipboard "paste"
function.

Web:
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a network of online content that is formatted in HTML and
accessed via HTTP. The term refers to all the interlinked HTML pages that can be accessed over
the Internet. The World Wide Web was originally designed in 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee while he
was a contractor at CERN.

Internet :
Internet, a system architecture that has revolutionized communications and methods of commerce
by allowing various computer networks around the world to interconnect. Sometimes referred to
as a “network of networks,” the Internet emerged in the United States in the 1970s but did not
become visible to the general public until the early 1990s. By 2015, approximately 3.2 billion
people, or nearly half of the world’s population, were estimated to have access to the Internet.