Eng.

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Logging In and General Orientation
 Module 2 Logging In and General
Orientation

Introduction
In Linux, a terminal session starts by logging in through the
terminal. When the user logs in for the first time, the user
account is set and provided with a password.

Topics
 Typical terminal session
 Concept of Login and Logout
 Opening of Shell Prompt
 Command Line Format
 Basic commands
 vi Editor

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 A Typical Terminal Session

Provides login prompt to the user

Linux has two modes of terminals

 Graphical User Interface
 Character User Interface

Linux has seven terminals by default (F1 – F6)

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 Logging In and Out

A Graphical login screen Graphical Logout Session

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 Opening a Shell Prompt

Snapshot

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 Command Line Format

Pattern of issuing the command

The commands are separated with options using

spaces and symbols.

The options are usually prefixed with the hyphen ( - )

Command line has three basic parts

 Command
 Options
 Arguments

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 Shell Interpretation

Shell prompt accepts commands to perform

various functions like:
 Execute commands
 Variable assignment
 Variable substitution
 Filename generation
 I/O redirection
 Pipelines
 Command substitution
 Interpretive Programming language

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 Basic Commands

ls displays a list of files in current working

directory

clear clears the screen

date display the system time and date

mkdir creating a new directory

cd directory change directories

touch creates a new file with 0KB size

Contd…

cat throws contentEng.of textfile on the screen

Ghassan Abuelwafa 0912235453
 Basic Commands

vi opens a text editor

rm remove files

mv move or rename the files

cp copy the files

rmdir removes the directory

pwd display present working

exit or logout leave the session

man command Read man pages on command

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 vi Editor

vi (visual) editor was written in 1976 by Bill Joy at the

University of California, Berkeley.

vi uses a small amount of memory, which allows efficient

operation when the network is busy.

vi is the only editor which provides basic text editing

capabilities.

There are three modes of operation for vi. They are:

 Command mode
 Insert mode
 Last line mode

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 Usage of vi Editor

A text editor is a program used to edit files that are

composed of text which can be a
 Simple regular text
 The source code of a program or
 Configuration file

The vi text editor

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 Lab Exercises

Type vi editor and get the vi session

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