Mechanics of Materials 46-27

TABLE 46.3 Some Properties of Areas

Areas and moments of inertia of areas around centroidal axes

RECTANGLE CIRCLE

0 0 A = bh
h 0 0 A = πR 2
Io = bh3/12 d
h /2 Io = J /2 = πR 4 /4
R
b

TRIANGLE SEMICIRCLE

0 0 A = πR 2 /2
A = bh /2 R
0 0 h Io = 0.110R4
Io = bh 3 /36
h /3
2R 4R /(3π)
b

THIN TUBE HALF OF THIN TUBE

t t
0 0 A = πRavt
0 0 A = 2πRav t Rav
dav
Io = J /2 ≈ πR av
3 t Io ≈ 0.095πR av
3 t
Rav 2Rav
(2/π)Rav

Areas and Centroids of areas

TRIANGLE TRIANGLE PARABOLA
Centroid b
a
h
h Vertex
h
2b /3 b /3 3b
(a + L)/3 (b + L)/3 8
b b
L
A= 2 bh
A = bh /2 A = hL /2 3

PARABOLA: y = −ax 2 y = −ax n PARABOLA

Vertex
Vertex Vertex

h
h [(n + 1)/(n + 2)]b
h 3b
4 l /2 l /2

b b
The area for any segment
A = bh /3 A = bh /(n + 1) of a parabola is A = 23 hl

where dz is the distance from the centroid of the subarea to the centroid of the whole area, as shown in
Fig. 46.25. In calculation, Eq. (46.58a) must be applied to each subarea for which a cross-sectional area
has been divided and the results summed to obtain Iz for the whole section:

I z ( whole section) = Â (I zc + Adz2 ) (46.58b)

46.7 Shear Stresses in Beams

Shear Flow
Consider an elastic beam made from several continuous longitudinal planks whose cross section is shown
in Fig. 46.26. To make this beam act as an integral member, it is assumed that the planks are fastened at
intervals by vertical bolts. If an element of this beam, Fig. 46.26(b), is subjected to a bending moment

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