Marine engineering systems descriptions and procedures

NAME : MUHAMAD SENDY NUGROHO
REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T
MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING
SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL
SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER
YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016
1. In your report you are to submit a description of each on of the system listed
below. You are to number them and arrange them in order that they are shown
above. After the each description you are to include the sketch of that system.
The description in each system must include the purpose of each major
component. You shall include as much detail as you can obtain about the
system, such as line size, pump capacity and head, motor horse power, heat
exchanger duty, etc. this information can be obtain from equipment name
plate, valves or fitting. O&M manuals
a. Main Steam – include in your answer a description as to how to operate

the propulsion turbines in the event that that the low-pressure turbine
bearings fail.
Answer : to distribution steam to auxiliary machinery
b. Auxiliary Steam
Answer : to distribution feed water from cascade tank to boiler from
boiler steam will circulation using boiler circulation pump,
c. Auxiliary Exhaust steam

Answer : purpose to distribution steam pressure to all auxiliary machinery
pipe and to make up of exhaust gas main engine without use fuel
d. Main Condensate
Answer : to make use cascade tank ,water filling from cascade to boiler
an return to cascade again and purpose to distribution fuel oil from service
tank to the boiler as F.O water boiler tube
Continoue answer no 1
e. Feed Water
Answer : distributing feed water within the drum using fuel water pump,
fuel oil piping brain as part of the package burner assembly purpose to
distribution F.O burner unit in order can happen ignition burner
f. Make up Feed and Dump

Answer :
-to control air flow necessary for combustion of the boiler this function of
dumpers
-the forced draft from sands air to the boiler uses a motor brake impeller to
secure pressure and volume
g. Fuel oil service

Answer : fuel oil service using the fuel pump, fuel suction from service
tank is pressured to intermediate pressure by the single stage rotor and
discharge after it is pressure to the final pressure in the double storage
motor
h. Lube oil service

2. investigate control schemes and control equipment of the following. With

today’s modern and sophiscated instrumentation and controls, understanding
control is becoming more and more essential to the proper operation and
adjustment of the plant.
a. Auxiliary Exhaust Steam Pressure

Answer : auxiliary exhaust steam pressure there is using exhaust gas
from main engine usually the name is economizer
b. Boiler water level – include in your discussion how the feed water
regulator operates and the interrationship of the feedwater regulator to
the feed pump discharge pressure. How is the feed pump discharge
pressure setting selected ?
Answer : the level gauge important to check for propeller water level
in the boiler unit switch is provided on the delivery side of the feed
water pump and is a protect the feed water pump. This pressure switch
is provided to prevent bobble and it is set a 13,5 kg/cm2 if the pressure
is exceeded the circulated stop the boiler electrically
c. Deaerting Feed Tank level

Answer : if level low, engineer will additional air to pressure
d. Superheated Outlet steam pressure – i.e, investigate and describe the

Combustion control system
Answer : - if boiler use 1 nozzle the name is low combustion
- if boiler use 2 nozzle the name is high combustion
e. Superheated steam temperature – include log book recordings of the

steam drum pressure, super heater pressure and super heater outlet
temperature for both the in-port and full ahead, at-sea conditions.
Explain why similarities and differences in these pressures and
temperatures occur between these two operating conditions
Answer : in port = pressure steam =3,9 kg/cm2, at sea = pressure
steam = 4,5 kg/cm2 . Steam pressure is difference between at port and
continue answer No. 2
full ahead because at port boiler use fuel and burning in the
heater tube only 350oc at sea (full ahead) boiler running use exhaust
gas M/E temperature exhaust gas M/E is 470oc automatically
temperature in the boiler water tube increase ,pressure will increase.
3. Write a description of the procedures required to perform each of the

operations below. Use a numbered, step-by-step format to describe the
procedure (not a rambling narrative). Provide reasons of a boiler to control
water chemistry.
a. Continuous blowdown of a boiler to control water chemistry

Answer :
-open valve number 1 blowdown from boiler (slowly)
-open valve number 2 blowdown from boiler (slowly)
-open valve number 3 blowdown from boiler (slowly and little)
because. this pump direct to overboard
-look at level gauge at control room after reduce half drum
-close valve number 1 blowdown
b. Change and clean a burner

Answer : -switch off boiler from switch panel (stop)
-take out flame eye
-take out al fuel oil pipe
-take out burner upper plate
-and then change burner/take out and change new/spare
-don’t forget close all bolt upper plate
-connect all bolt upper plate
-connect all fuel oil pipe
-connect all flame eye
-switch on boiler from panel
clean burner
-take out pilot main body
-open insulation holder
-take out all nozzle clean with cerosin
-take out swizler and clean with cerosin
c. Operate the soot blower. Include descriptions of the routine

maintenance performed on the soot. Blowers and emergency operation
of the retractable soot blowers in this description
Answer : - open little valve from service process drain steam
-open drain valve if you see steam out, close again drain valve
-open valve soot blow no.1 slowly after that full open you must open
full valve from service slowly open
-close valve soot blow no.1 after that open valve soot blow no.2
-close valve soot blow no.2 after open valve soot blow no.3
-close valve soot blow no.3 after that close valve from service and
open valve drain
d. Manually control the boiler firing rate using the combustion control
system ,i.e., changing the system from automatic to manual and back
to automatic, as well as how to make proper adjustments to the
systems while it is in manual mode.
Answer : -set the burner select switch
-turn on the combustion switch
-perform pre purge for about 35 second
-start the combustion after several second and combustion lamp light
-steam pressure rises the pressure s/w set valve incase of 3 position
control -high combustion = low combustion- stop
manual run
-auto/manual select with position manual
-fan switch on before start 50 second
-FO p/p switch on
-pilot and ignition switch on
-check firing low combustion switch on
-pilot and ignition switch off
e. Manually light-off and secure burners when the automatic system is

not functioning (burner management system)
Answer :please check flame eye if dirty you must clean with
ELECTRIC CLEANER and SOFT RAG
4. Look at the engine room log book

Using the counter readings from the log book, find the total number of
revolutions the propeller made over a 24 hour period and determine the
theoretical distance traveled. From the noon reports supplied by the mates find
the actual distance traveled by the ship (all calculation shall be done by hand)
a. Calculated the slip on the ship explain why the slip is either positive or
negative
Answer :total number of revolutions the propeller made over 24
hours
(1 today) Slip of the ship
Slip : distance by propeller-distance over ground
.
𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐴𝑁𝐶𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸𝐿𝐿𝐸𝑅 − 𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐴𝑁𝐶𝐸 𝐵𝑌 𝑂𝑉𝐸𝑅 𝐺𝑅𝑂𝑈𝑁𝐷
SLIP % = 𝑥100
𝐷𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐴𝑁𝐶𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑃𝐸𝐿𝐿𝐸𝑅
275 − 220
𝑥100 = 20 %
275
 Slip postive : speed of ship more fast, cause wind come from
behind ship and ship follow ttides
 Slip negative : speed of ship became slow, cause wind come from
in front of ship and ship in to the tides
b. Explain the importance of recording reading and operations in the log

book
Answer : importance of recording readings and oprations in the log
book to know all operational condition of the main engine, aux engine
and aux machinery and opening or closing of ship board major valves
during watch keeping they must recorded the conditions above the
engine log book Explains the reason for the bell book. List the bel
book symbols and give their meanings. Describe your bell book entry
if an unusual jarring motion is felt during maneuvering.
c. Explain the reason for the bell book list the bell book symbols and
give their meanings. Describe your bell book entry if an unusual
jarring motion is felt during maneuvering
Answer : ball book it the maneuvering book, we fill with code ,if we
want to maneuver, or departure or arrival.
d. Calculate the total even usage for the day while steaming. Provide
your calculated answer in units of gallons, barrels. Pounds, long tons,
and metric tons. Calculate the fuel usage in barrels for one day in port.
If you are in port for less than one day extrapolate the in. Port to the
as-sea fuel usage calculate the ship’s operating fuel rate (
1BF1E/SHP.HP)
e. Record the total on board distilled and portable water from one day to
the next. Calculate the tons of water produced by the distiller during
for the day. Calculate the water consumption for the day in long tons
and gallons.
5. Explain what a third engineer on watch is to do in the following emergency

situations, including possible causes of the mistake sequences of events that
may occur, observations that indicate the problem alarms that may actuate and
corrective actions.
a. Loss of main condenser vacuum +

Answer: check condition from boiler circulating pump(condenser pump)
check the vacuum at gauge if have problem with pump immediately repair
and immediately switch on boiler emr.pump no.1 or no.2
b. Low level in lube in lube oil gravity tank +

Answer: check the L.O feeding system if have problem leak immediately to
repair leak after repair add L.O gravity tank
c. Loss of all fires in both boilers +

Answer: boiler might be nit firing properly, nozzle clogged ,damper is not
properly open, F.O pressure low, relief valve is not properly open
d. Loss of forced draft fan one boiler

Answer: this problem might be with , we have to check with megger test how
much the voltage, hearing the sound of motor, touching body of motor, check
the lead of motor and also chasing of motor
e. Main feed pump trips of line

Answer: if thus occur immediately switch on, main feed pump no.2 , main
feed pump trips off line occur cause by over loading or overheating pumps
f. Boiler smoking
Answer: boiler smoking can caused by the wind pressure if smoke is due to
inefficient air quantity
-low oil temperature causes importer combustion if this occur increases the
temperature
-look the atomizer number to check
g. Water in the settler during changeover

Answer:
-open drain valve
-blow through the water side by opening the lower valve for 1-2 second is .
and close
-close the drain valve
-open water valve to settler by turning slowly
h. Actions to be taken in the event of fire or accident, with particular reference to

oil systems
Answer: - the ignition of an accumulation of soot immediately after lightning
up or during periods of light lead operation
-air heaters and pin tube elements are to this fire
-indicates by every high up temperature of gauge
-shut off fuel and pump supply to the burners and close all dumper
-load the area with water and don’t use water spray
i. High water level in the boiler (include procedures to follow when you can
observe the level in the gauges glass, and when the level is out of sight)
Answer: -check and reduce firing rol
-operated how down system
-check feed valves
-if bad water hummer due to carry over expensed close steam outlet valve
j. Low water level in the boiler (include procedures to follow when you can
observe the level in the gage glass, and when the level out of sight)
Answer: shut off burner (if not cut-of automatically) take the boiler out off
load , ensure no internal damage due to overheating.
6. Inspect the boilers aboard your vessel and read the manufacturers’ manual.
Provide a detailed description of the boilers completely classifying the boiler
and describing the construction features incorporated in the boilers. Include
capacity, rating, and other design data.
Answer:
The boiler a board your vessel and read the manufactures manual. Provide a
detailed description of the boilers by completely classifying the boilers and
describing the construction features incorporated in the boilers include
capacity rating and other design data.
TYPE : FIRE TUBE OVS2-100/85-23 (NK CLASS)

VERTICAL COMPOSITE BOILER
DESIGN PRESSURE : 0.69 Mpa
NORMAL WORKING : 0.59 Mpa
TYPE OF BURNER : PRESSURE JET TYPE
FIRING SYSTEM : OIL BURNING AT FORCED DRAFT
COSTUMER : ONOMICHI DOCKYARD CO.,LTD
7. Describe the process and equipment involved in the following functions of the
boiler systems of your ship :
a. Distributing feed water within the drum

Answer: distributing feed water within the drum using feed water
pump
( switch feed water line at the next pages)
b. Steam and water separation inside the boiler steam drum

Answer: water stay in the water drum and water tuber steam delivery
to steam drum
c. Fuel oil atomization

Answer: the burner and nozzle atomized and spray supplied fuel
pump ,
fuel from fuel pump is sprayed in atomized through the nozzle hp after
passing the fuel heater
d. Delivery of air for combustion from its source through its entry into
the furnace
Answer:
-to control flow air necessary for combustion oil the boiler forced dist
fan
-the forced draft fan which s and s air to the boiler uses motor to rotate
the impeller to secure pressure and volume
e. Heat recovery from the exhaust gases

Answer: to make use of exhaust gases main engine without use fuel
f. Relief of excess boiler steam pressure – include a description of the

types pf safety valves installed on your ship
Answer: the safety valve is a safety device to prevent the steam
procedure from going up over the max steam pressure
Full bore type Safety Valve
Type : S1627
8. Describe the boiler water-chemistry test. Explain what the test are performed,
what is being tasted for, the chemicals that are used in the testing, the limits of
acceptable tests reading, and the corrective actions to be taken when the level
are high and low. Summarize the test result for one day of testing and any
adjustment made to the water chemistry
Answer:
- use condensate
- use oxygen control
- use liquid treat
* p. Alkanity test
1. take a 200 ml water in the stopped bottle provided

2. add one p alkanity tablet and shake to disinterrate. If p Alkanity is present .
the sample with turn blue
3. repeat tablet addition until the blue color change to permanent yellow
PH. Test :
7,5 – 14.0 for boiler water
6,5 – 10.0 for condensate water
1. take a 50 sample of the water to be tested in the plastic sample containers . .

provided
2. using white 0,6 gram scoop provided add one measure of the PH regent to . .
the water sample allow to disllove – stir if require
3. select the correct range of PH test strip and chip into the water sample for . .
one minute
4. with draw the strip from the sample and compare the color obtained with . .
the color scale on the ph indocator strip countainer
5. record the ph valve obtained on the log sheet provided against the date on . . .
which the test was taken
* chloride test
1. for boiler under 30 bar (kg/cm2) take a 50 ml sample water in the stoppered .
bottle provided
2. add one chloride tablet and shake to disintegrate , sample should be turn . .
. yellow if chlorides are present
3. repeat tablet addition until yellow color change to orange or brown
#Normal rangers
- P Alkanity 100-300 bar/ppm
- chloride 200 ppm max
- ph Boiler 9.5-11
- ph condensate 8.5-9.0
Combitreat intial dosage 400 gram/tonne of water : 100gram/tone of water raise

P.alkanity by 50 ppm liquid treat intial dosage : 2,4 gram/ tone of water
9. Prepare drawing of the following equipment, as the exist on the Auxiliary

boiler on your ship. Use standard symbols and drawing procedures label
completely.
A. Boiler external fittings

B. Boiler cross-sectional drawing showing the combustion gas path. Draw &
label all the internal heat transfer surfaces in the boiler on this drawing
C. Boiler drum and all internal fitting
D. Foundations for support of boiler showing provision for expansion
Sketch is attached…
10. What is boiler design efficiency, the design stack temperature and the design
excess air percentage for the boilers on your ship? What instrumentation is
available to measure these parameters during boiler operation? Record data
for one-week period of steady steaming. Compare your readings with the
design performance and explain any deviation. If stack gas analysis
instrumentation is not available, explain how the boilers are operated at
optimum efficiency without it.
Answer: boiler can operation for combustion using fuel oil can using heavy
fuel oil and diesel oil(HSFO and D.O), the boiler design aft boer the design
start temperature 18kg and design excess air percentage for the boiler per day
2 ton
11. Inspect the main propulsion reduction gear unit aboard your vassel and study
the manual. Provide a description of the main propulsion turbine and
reduction gear unit. Include classification, rating, performance, and weights of
major parts. Provide narrative description where appropriate.
Answer : IN MY SHIP NO HAVE TURBINE

12. Inspect the main propulsion reduction gear aboard your vessel and study the
manufacturer’s manual. Provide a description of the main propulsion turbines.
Include classifications, ratings, performance, and weights of major parts.
Provide narrative description where appropriate and summarize equipment
data in table from where appropriate.
Answer : IN MY SHIP NO HAVE TURBINE

13. Prepare a detailed sectional drawing of the following using the manufacture’s
manual. Be sure to show the arrangement of all the nozzles, diaphragms,
stationary blades, rotating blades, seals, and bearings on the turbine, and the
arrangement of all of the gears and bearings on the reductions gear assembly
A. H.P. turbine (hunt figure 6 – 14)

B. L.P. turbine (hunt figure 6 – 20)
C. Reduction gear assembly (hunt figure 9 – 18. Show a “ non – exploded
drawing labeling all gears and bearings)
Answer : IN MY SHIP NOT HAVE TURBINE

14. Describe each of the following components and systems as they pertain to the
turbo generator on board your ship. If the ship isn’t equiped with a turbo
generator or if the information is unavailable, use the typical main population
turbine and reduction gear unit as found in your references. Provide a detailed
drawing where indicated.
A. Interstage nozzle diaphragni and seal (hunt figure 6-7 drawing)

B. Labyrinth packing (drawing)
C. Gland seal system and gland leak-off system (hunt figure 6-23
drawing schematic drawing)
D. Gland sealing regulator (drawing)
E. Flexible coupling to the high speed pinion (pne drawing)
F. Main thrist bearing (pne drawing-show in “roatating” position)
G. Provision for thermal expansion in the H.P turbine (PNE drawing)

15. Describe the equipment installed on your ship’s main propulsion turbine and
gear unit that perform the following functions provide a detailed drawing
where indicated
a. Control of turbine speed and power (drawing of nozzle control system)

b. Prevention of turbine over speed (drawing of speed-limiting governoor
system)

16. Describe the redundancy built into the steam ship plant for the following
system and how to operate the plant under emergency condition :
a. Failure of the HP turbine due to a bearing failure

Answer: check bearing if necessary change bearing if bearing steel good a
signed lubricating oil to bearing
b. Failure of the starboard forced-draft fan due to a short-circuited motor while

maintaining continued operation of starboard boiler
Answer: adjust forced draft fan boiler
c. Failure of electrical/hydraulic system for positioning the main engine throttle

Answer: check main engine throttle , check oil system hydraulic
B. MAIN PROPULSION (Auxiliary Steam Plan System)
1. In your report you are to submit a description of each on of the system listed
below. You are to number them and arrange them in order that they are shown
above. After the each description you are to include the sketch of that system.
The description in each system must include the purpose of each major
component. You shall include as much detail as you can obtain about the
system, such as line size, pump capacity and head, motor horse power, heat
exchanger duty, etc. this information can be obtain from equipment name
plate, valves or fitting.
a. Aux. steam system ( must include the entire steam system that originates
from both the waste heat and aux. boiler
b. Condensate and feed water system
c. Make up water system
d. Ship fuel oil service up to the aux. boiler
e. Fuel oil piping as part of the package burner assembly
Answer No. 1
a) Aux steam system

Purpose aux steam system in produce steam from boiler and waste head boiler
the steam pressure will used on ship for :
 Heating
 Calorfier
 Enconizer
 tracer liner for pipe line heating
 oil tank heating
 M/E jacket F.W preheater and L.O sump tank
b) Condensate and feed water system

Purpose to distribution feed water from cascode tank to boiler from boiler
steam using boiler circulation P/P
a) purpose to distribution steam pressure to all aux machinery

Pipe size, steam exhaust, size >50 <40 , material: SPP, ERW
c) Ship fuel service up to the aux boiler purpose to distribution
d) Fuel oil piping drain as part of the package burner assemay purpose to
distribution.
2. Describe the functions of the waste head and auxiliary boiler on your ship
include a description as to how to bring the auxiliary and the waste heat
boilers up to pressure and place them in service.
Answer: function of waste heat and aux boiler in my ship

1. heating duties
-M/E fuel oil heater
-purifier heater
-oil tank heater
-cargo heating
-air conditioning and heating plant
-calorifier
-galley supply
-tracer line for pipe line heating
2. fresh water generator heating media
3. for boiler soot blow and for the steam atomizer burner
4.M/E jacket fresh water heater
5.use in the waste oil , incinerator
Method the auxiliary and the waste heat boilers up to pressure and place them
in service after boiler produce steam , steam will out aux steam valve and the
steam will go to aux steam line to pump , main engine or another auxiliary
3. Investigate and describe how each of the following is controller :
a. Auxiliary boiler steam pressure ( investigate the combustion, control

system)
Answer: if pressure auxiliary boiler high we must open little by little
and continues to make degrease pressure , if pressure auxiliary boiler
low we must close little by little and continuous to make increase
pressure
b. Auxiliary boiler water level

Answer: using feed water regulator, the feed water regulator
continuously control the water level through continuous detection f
boiler water level through continuous detection of boiler water level
c. Waste heat boiler steam pressure

Answer: continuous about waste heat boiler steam pressure we
haven’t waste heat ex boiler steam pressure
4. Write a description of the steps required to perform each of the operations

below. After your written procedures are done. Procced with obtaining
permission for accomplishing the operations and having them recorded in the
performance verification sheet at the end of this project. The verification sheet
should be signed by the witnessing engineering officer. ( if for any reson you
cannot perform any of these pioce dures, demostrate to one of the engineers
that you understand the procedure and have him/here sign off on the sheet this
sheet is to be placed in the feport behind the operating procedures.
a. Start up the auxiliary boiler
Answer: manual run

- turning F.D fan switch in “manual” ON at this time verisly oil and
temperature & conduct pre purge more than 30 second
-turning of ignition operating ON manual mode, allows start ignation and
running of the pilot burner to illuminate the combustion indicating lamp
-truning off the heavy oil solenoid valve operating switch in “MANUAL ON”
mode allows opening of the ON/OFF solenoid valve so that oil is inject into
the furnace to active combustion of the main burner after 5 sec turn the
ignition operating switch auto mode to stop pilot burner
-turning of the HI/LOW control operating
Auto run
- Auto /man select switch position “auto”
- Turn on the combustion switch
- Perforin pre purge for about 35 second
- Start combustion after several second the combustion switch
- If use D.O heater “off”
- If use F.O heater ON “auto”
b. Prepare the WHB for operation

Answer: -put into operation
-fill water up to the lowest part of gauge glass
-ensure all air checked valve open full
-start for the forced draught fan & camera purging the boiler
-carry out finals check and see whither the gauge glass are . . . . . .
properly opened and giving a proper water level reading
-level steam vent slightly open
c. Manually control the firing rate of the auxiliary boiler, i.e., changing the
system from automatic to manual and back to automatic, as well as how to
make adjustments to the system while it is in manual mode
Answer: if we start boiler with manual mode we just change panel boiler
control box in manual mode
d. Manually operate the burner management system, i.e., manually lighting off
and securing burners when the automatic system is not functioning
Answer: turning of the F.D fan more 30 sec and also turning off ignition
operating switch on after that turning of the heavy oil solenoid valve turning
of the high/low control operating in the manual , turn on heater switch
adjustment of oil temperature by means of the temperature
e. Bottom blow a boiler

Answer:
1.feed water gradually until the level gauge indicates the max water level
2.open the water level gauge drain cock or surface blow down valve continue
the blow down until the water level reaches the manual water close the valve
3.open the water blow down
4.make sure that the water level gauge indicates the actual water level
correctly feed water up to the normal water level

Answer: total number of revolution the propeller made over a 24 hour today : ..
TOTAL RC 24 hours : 142197
Distance by OG : 275
Average speed : distance OG= 275 =11.45 knots
24 24
Rc total = Rc today-Rc yesterday =
RPM = TOTAL RC / 24 / 60 = 142197 / 24/ 60 = 98.7
Distance engine= Total RC x pitch propeller
=142197 x 3.667 / 1852 = 281
a. Calculate the slip of the ship. Explain why the slip is either positive or
negative
Answer: slip of the ship= distance engine.distance OBS
Distance engine
Slip postive : speed of ship more fast, cause wind come from
behind ship and ship follow ttides
 Slip negative : speed of ship became slow, cause wind come from
in front of ship and ship in to the tides
b. Explain the importance of recording readings and operations in log book

Answer:
1. to know all operational condition of the main engine ,
2. Auxiliary engine and auxiliary machinery and opening or closing of ship

board major valves during watch keeping they must record the conditions
above in the engine log book
3. To know all machinery consumption per day
4. To know all machinery in good condition
5. To record all data about machinery engine rom condition, working schedule
and engine performance
c. Explain the reason for the bell book. List the bel book symbols and give their
meanings. Describe your bell book entry if an unusual jarring motion is felt
during maneuvering
Answer: when accident accured the bell book is very important because
record matters in the bell book, concerning engine operation during arrival or
departure and also during the change Rpm bell log book symbols : full ahead,
half head, slow head, dead slow head, stop, dead slow astern, slow astern, half
astern, full astern.
d. Calculate the total fuel usage for the day while steaming. Provide your
calculated answer in unit of gallons, barrels, pounds, long tons, and metric
ton. Calculate the barrels per nautical mile for the hull-steaming day.
Calculate the fuel usage in barrels for one day in port. If you are in port for
less the one day extrapolate , the in-port fuel usage for 24 hours. By
percentage, compare the in-port to the as-sea fuel usage. Calculate the ship’s
operating fuel rate (lbf1e1/SHIP-hr)
Answer: flow mater today 16673689
flow mater yesterday 16645752
calculate :today-yesterday =16673689-16645752=27937m3
1000
=27937 X 0,95 = 26540,15=26,5 metric ton
1000
e. Record the total on-board distilled and potable water from one day to the next.
Calculate the tons of water produced by the distiller during for the day.
Calculate the water consumption for the day ion long tons and gallons.
Answer: water produce by distiller 13.5 ton per day
water consumption about 8-9 ton per day

corrective actions.
a. Loss of Main condenser vacuum +

Answer : check condition from boiler circulating pump check at gauge
b. Low level in lube oil gravity tank +

Answer: check the lube oil feeding system if leaking repair
c. Loss of all fires in both boilers +

Answer: boiler might be not firing properly , nozzle doqed, damper is not
properly open, f.o pressure low, relief valve is not properly open
d. Loss of force draft fan for one boiler +

Answer: this problem might motor, check with magger test how much
voltage
e. Main feed pump trips off line +

Answer: if this accour immediately switch on
main feed pump No.2(two)
main feed pump trips. Off line accur
over loading at over heating pump
f. Boiler smoking +
Answer: -low oil temperature causes improper combustion if this accur
increase the temperature
-look the atomizer number to check
g. Water in the settler during changeover +
Answer: blow down, check leak in the settes
h. Action to be taken in the event of fire or accident, with particular reference to

oil systems.
Answer: if you find big fire call to bridge , if any small fire you can to using
fire extinguisher and if very danger active quick close valve
i. High boiler water level * (include procedures to follow when you can observe
the level in the gage glass, and when the level is out of sight)
Answer: high water level check and reduce firing rate and operate blow
down, and check return line from boiler to feed water pump and check
regulator valve automatically , if you find trouble stop feed water pump
j. Low boiler water level * (include procedures to follow when you can observe
the level in the gage glass , and when the levels is out of sight)
Answer: shut off burner/out off take boiler out of load ensure no internal
damage due to overheating, and check line from boiler feed water pump to
boiler if you fire trouble in the feed water pump please change to feed water
pump no 2
7. Inspect the Auxiliary and waste heat boiler installation aboard your vessel and
read the manufacture manual
Describe in detail the constrution of the Auxiliary and waste heat boiler,
aboard your vessel completely classify the boilers ac to the type of boiler and
the type ao water circulation, etc include the manufacture name, capacity and
pressure rating of the boiler, the physical location of the boiler on the ship.
Total heating surface, over all dimensions, number and size of tube, etc
include description of any safety shutdown device on the boiler
Prepare a detailed sectional drawing of both the Auxiliary boiler and the waste
heat boiler showing the arraggemeny of the heat transfer surface and the path
of combustion gas flow where appropriate, label the names of the heat transfer
surface, e.g, economizer, super heater, etc.
TYPE : FIRE TUBE OVS2-100/85-23 (NK CLASS)

VERTICAL COMPOSITE BOILER
DESIGN PRESSURE : 0.69 Mpa
NORMAL WORKING : 0.59 Mpa
VOLUME COMBUSTION CHAMBER : 1.00 m3
WATER CONTENT : 12.1 m3
TYPE OF BURNER : PRESSURE JET TYPE
FIRING SYSTEM : OIL BURNING AT FORCED DRAFT
COSTUMER : ONOMICHI DOCKYARD CO.,LTD
8. DESCRIBE THE Auxiliriary burner. Include the type of burner, how

combustion air is provided, how fuel is atomize, etc describe the automated
burner control system, include how the boiler ignites the fuel, how proof – of
– fire is achieved, the burner management system, and cycling sequence (on-
off, on-low-high-low-off, modulating), methods of draft control (if present)
etc. Describe how the burner is turned to provide good combustion over the
entire firing range.
Answer :
TYPE :MJII-90-3 (pressure jet type)

CONTROL SYSTEM :Full automatic, ON/OFF control system
COMBUSTION CAPACITY :MAX 87 kg/h
F.O SPRAY PRESSURE :1.86 Mpa
BURNING DRAFT LOSS :0.53 kPa
RATIO AIR :1.2
Type of the fuel atomizer is pressure jet straight type variable burner combustion
rate is available by varying the fuel injection pressure
The burner nozzle atomized bad spray the supplied fuel effectively perform
ignition adn flame maintenance and burn fuel it is important part which affect
burning condition.
Fuel from the fuel pump is regraded and atomized through the nozzle hp after
passing the fuel heater, solenoid valve and burner nozzle pipe contact area with
air is widened and ignition combustion are done by a spark at the end of the
ignition rod the spark goes out in several second after ignition but the flame is
kept by plate.
9. Describe the equipment associated with the Auxiliary boiler that are involved
in the following function :
a. Steam and water separation

Answer: steam will go to steam line and water go to cascade tank this
separate steam and water after separated, water level separation controller
must be kept operate to protect external using plant from water “carry over”
danger procedure should be predetermined and followed in the event of
shortage of water. Bulging or fricative of plates or furnace of busting of water
tubes in general fires should be immediately extinguisher by remote typing of
fuel supply valve surface draught air pressure maintenance if there is any risk
any escaping steam entering the boiler room steam pressure sealived if metalic
fractures seam possible and boiler water level maintained where partible until
the boiler begins to wall
b. Fuel oil atomization

Answer: to atomize the fuel oil into tiny spray which completely fill the
furnace, turn the hand ever of the fuel injection tester out the rate of 1-3 turn
per second and check for condition of fuel atomization under this circulate
and confirm that fuel oil is evenly spread out as it is injected and that there is
no abnormally due to dogged nozzle. Since the Hp past of this need valve is in
double come dapt if the in to of the level is slowed down.
c. Delivery of air for combustion
Answer: mixes with it and enters the furnace where combustion takes place
d. Feed water delivery to drum

Answer: to distribution of water to the generating tubes and delivery feed
water drum
e. Relief of excess boiler steam pressure

Answer: function relief of excess boiler stem pressure to blow off when the
specified pressure has been reached type safety valve
f. Control of superheated outlet temperature

Answer: function control of superheated outlet temperature to adjust of oil
temperature by mean of the temperature
10. Prepare drawing of the following equipment, as they exsist on the Auxiliary
boiler on your ship. Use standard symbols and drawing procedures, label
completely.
a. Chemical feed piping to the Auxiliary boiler

b. Boiler internal fittings
c. Boiler external fittings
d. Foundations for support of boiler showing provision for expansion
Sketch is attached…
11. Explain the objectives of the boiler water chemical treatment program of you
vessel. Describe the tests that are made on the water an your ship’s Auxiliary
boiler. Include readings taken over a two week period. Describe how
decissons are made regarding blow down or chemical addition.
Answer No. 11
Aux test :
1. Take 200ml for sample
2. Add p. Alkalinity and shake for disintegerate. If p. Alkalinity is prevent
the sample with blow
3. Repeat addition until colour change in penetration yellow.
12. Describe the procedure you would follow for the following maintenance
activities on your ship’s boiler. If a particular section does not pertan to your
ship, use your references and describe the operation for a steam ship.
a. Plug and replace boiler tube

Answer: taken on the boiler change with new tube and assembly tube
b. Replace boiler water gauge glass

Answer: The assembly can now be put on load by shuting off the down
/drain and opening the steam and water side valves completly
c. Check position and agliment of burner register

Answer: after cleaned and removed contamination from electrode and
parclearn insulator, check dimonsional rlation of electrode
d. Clean fire side of boiler

Answer: clean fire side check for a crack in the refectory check for excessive
soat deposits check smoke tube inside
e. Test and adjust safety valve

Answer: look at the boiler pressure a few turn more than previos setting
boiler put on banked fire, set pressure of the safety valve , being adjust only
one valve at the time
f. Hydro rest the boiler

Answer: Clean the boiler, remover all rags ,tools etc. From boiler and close
up the manholes for the test is to let into the boiler should be close. Hydraulic
pressure should not be put on side valve. The pressure applied by means of the
pump must applied and readied slowly.
g. Inspect the internals

Answer: inspect the internals must be carefully checked for scale deposition,
rise pipe inside pin tube inlet pipe
h. Periodic fireside cleaning

Answer: periodic fire side cleaning check for a crack in the refectory tricks
i. Flame scanner and ignition actuator periodic maintenance

Answer: check with used OHM when light is applied on the flame eye
13. Inspect the turbogenerator turbing and reduction gear unit aboard your vassel
and study the manual. Provide a description of the main propulsion turbine
and reduction gear unit. Include classification, rating, performance, and
weights of major parts. Provide narrative description where appropriate and
summarizw equipment data in table form where appropriate (hunt subchapter
“steam turbine construction”)
Answer No. 13
In my ship no have reduction gear
14. Prepare a detailed sectional drawing of the following using the

manufacturee’s manual. Be sure to show the arrangemeant of all the nozzles,
diaphragms, stationary blades, rotating blades, seals, and bearings on the
turbine, and the arrangement of all of the gears and bearings on the reductions
gear assembly
Answer No. 14
15. Describe each of the following components and systems as they pertain to the
turbo generator on board your ship. If the ship isn’t equiped with a turbo
generator or if the information is unavailable, use the typical main population
turbine and reduction gear unit as found in your references. Provide a detailed
drawing where indicated.
H. Interstage nozzle diaphragni and seal (hunt figure 6-7 drawing)

I. Labyrinth packing (drawing)
J. Gland seal system and gland leak-off system (hunt figure 6-23
drawing schematic drawing)
K. Gland sealing regulator (drawing)
L. Flexible coupling to the high speed pinion (pne drawing)
M. Main thrist bearing (pne drawing-show in “roatating” position)
N. Provision for thermal expansion in the H.P turbine (PNE drawing)
Answer No. 15
In my ship not have reduction gear
16. Describe the equipment installed on your ship’s main propulsion turbine and
gear unit that perform the following functions provide a detailed drawing
where indicated
c. Control of turbine speed and power (drawing of nozzle control

system)
d. Prevention of turbine over speed (drawing of speed-limiting
governoor system
Answer No. 16
17. Describe the redundancy built into the steam ship plant for the following
system and how to operate the plant under emergency condition :
a. Failure or either the HP or the LP turbine due to a bearing failure

Answer: the two method of adjustment for sixty the rotor in it’s proper radial
and axial position radial position of the rotor is maintenance by the bearing
and axial position by the thrust by using finger plate and clearance indicator
method
b. Failure of the starboard forced draft fan due to a short-circuited motor and
continued operation of the starboard boiler
Answer: fan tube of the start board force and draft fan so we have the
economizer and turbine for produce steam so can monitoring the operation
A. MAIN PROPULSION (GAS TURBINE PLAN SYSTEM)
1. In your report you are to submit a description of each one of the systems listed
below. You are to number them and arrange them in the order thet they are
show above. After each description you are to include the two sketches of that
system (one finished and one rough-done in the engine room while tracing the
system). The description of each system must include the purpose of the
system and the purpose of the each major component. You shall include as
much detail as you can obtain about the system, such as line sizes, pump
capacity and head, motor horse power, heat exchanger duty, ect. This
information can be obtained from equipment nameplate, valves or fittings.
a. Air inlet, compressor bleed and exhaust systems

Answer: through the adjustable valve direct to main engine scavange air
cooler
b. Main engine starting system fuel system

Answer: through the adjustable valve to the cam shaft L.O cooler beware of
the risk of super cooling the jacket water if a plug is installed without
thermostat the starting air system contains a main starting valve connect ball
valve with actuator a non return valve a starting air distributor regulator the
apply of control air to the engine. The starting air in correct firing sequence.
The starting air distributor has one set of starting for ahead and one test for
astern as well as one control valve for each cyclinder.
c. Lube oil system( reduction gear as and main engines)

Answer: through the L.O cooler and jacket water cooler which are connected
in series
d. Controllable pitch propeller system

Answer: through the non-return valve to the auxiliary engine the sea water
from the above mentioned four bracer is later worked again and continuous to
the thermostatically controlled 3 way regulating valve at the sea water over
board valve regulating valve is controlled by sensor which is located in the sea
water inlet pipe the thermostat is adjusted so that the water temperature at the
pump inlet at the pump is keep above 100C in order to prevent wear the tube
oil from becoming to viscous on the could cooling surfaces
e. Auxiliary steam system (must include the entire steam system that originates
from both the waste heat and auxiliary boilers)
Answer:
f. Sea water / fresh water cooling system

Answer: this system have 2 type ,cooling water open and cooling water
close, in my ship we use cooling water close system
2. Investigate the engine room operating console and turbine control device
a. Make a drawing of the engine room-operating console. Define the

individual areas of the console and briefly describe the functions
controlled from each area
b. Draw and describe the operation of remote temperature device, a
remote pressure sensor and speed pick up. As related to the gas turbine
c. Observe the engineers performing various operations of the console.
What are some of the shortcomings system? What in your opinion
could be done to make the console more user friendly?
Answer: my ship no have turbine

3. Write a detailed description of how each of the following critical engine

function are controlled
a. Gas turbine fuel manifold pressure
b. Variable stator vane position
c. Gas generator speed
d. Power turbine
Answer: my ship haven’t turbine

4. Describe the ships service diesel generator engine in some detail, including
the following :
a. Classification
model :6EY18ALW
rated output/ revolution :500kW (680ps)/ 900 min-1 (rpm)
rated/voltage :AC450V/722A
cyl bore / stroke :180mm/280mm
effective press. :1.5560Mpa
mean speed speed :8.40m/s
max comb : 19.0 Mpa
cooling sys : fresh water and sea water
b. Governor control
consumption/day : 1.50 MT (HSFO)
c. rated output
AC450V/722A
d. collect operating data over an hour steady operation. Determine the
specific fuel consumption and compare your figure with the
manufacture figure
5. write description of the equipment that console both the waste heat boiler
steam pressure and aux. boiler water level
Answer: if both is tightened by safety valve will be open at high dividing

valve from before all
6. describe the procedure required to perform the following operation :
e. motor gas turbine

f. starting a gas turbine
g. water washing a gas turbine
h. start the controllable pitch propeller system
i. switch and clean lube oil strainers
j. shifting engine control to bridge
k. shifting engine control to/ from local operating console
l. warm up a diesel generator
Answer: My ship haven’t turbine


a. Explain why the slip is either positive or negative.(competency 20.1.4.3)

Answer:
Distance by prop : 275
Slip 275-220 / 275 x 100 : +20 (slip positive)
Distance by prop : 220

SHIP 220-275 / 220 x 100 : -25 (ship negative)
b. Explain the importance of recording readings and operations in the log book.
Answer: - to know fuel oil consumption per day
- to know all machinery in good condition
- to record all data about machinery engine room condition, working schedule
and . engine performance
- to know engine room condition every day
c. Calculate the total usage for the day and calculate the barrels per nautical
mile.
Answer:
d. Calculate the tons of water produced by the distiller during for the day.
Calculate the water consumption for the day in both long ton and gallons.
Answer:

corrective actions.
a. Main feed pump trips off line

Answer:
b. Loss of main condenser vacuum

Answer:
c. Low level in lube oil gravity tank

Answer: - clean a fuel oil strainer
-take out F.O strainer
- cleaned out use kerosene
- spray with air
d. Loss of all fires in both boiler

Answer: high water level : stop feed water boiler pump
Low water level : - start feed water boilers pump
- open manual valve from feed water pump to boiler
- close valve soot blow no 2 and after that open valve soot blow no 3
- close valve soot blow no 3 and after that opened valve soot blow
- close valve soot blow no 1 and close valve from service and open valve
drain again
e. Loss of forced draft fan for one boiler

Answer: adjust forced draft fan
f. Boiler smoking
Answer: -check fuel oil consumption
- Check forced draft fan
- Adjust forced draft fan
g. Water in the settler during change over

Answer: check valve and check filling water
h. Actions to be taken in the event of fire or accident, with particular reference to

oil system. Include actions you would take in high or low pressure fuel oil
lines fail. (competency 20.1.4.6)
Answer:
-take initial alarm
-alarm should action
-duty officer should inform to terminal immediately
-inform to master
- all cargo operation
i. The procedures to follow in the event of high water level and low water level
in in the boiler.(competency 20.1.6.3)
Answer:
9. Write a descriptiom of the steps required to perform each of the operation

below
a. Change a burner
Answer:
-switch off boiler from panel (stop boiler)
-close inlet and outlet FO valve
-take out flame eye
-take out all fuel oil pipe
-take out burner upper plate
-change burner / take out the old burner and change to the new
-close all bolt burner upper plate
-connect all fuel oil pipe
-connect flame eye ( before must be clean) connect
-switch on boiler from panel
b. Operate the soot blowers

Answer:
-open valve from service air
-openNo.1 air soot blow valve
-change No.2 soot blow
c. Switch and clean a fuel oil strainer

Answer:
-stop boiler operation from panel
-close inlet and outlet valve
-open strainer and clean (inside of pump and before pump)
-after cleaned, open valve inlet and outlet
10. Inspect the gas turbine installation aboard your vessel and read the
manufacture manual. Provide. A detailed description of the gas turbine by
completely classifying the combustion chamber and describe the construction
feature incorporated into the gas turbine . include the horsepower, rpm rating,
fuel consumption and other design data

11. Describe the process and equipment involved in the following function of the
gas turbine system of your ship. Provide schematic drawing of each system
a. ignition of the fuel air mixture through the ignition system
b. fire direction and alarm
c. fire extinguishing systems
d. water washdown system
e. cooling air systems
f. ice detecting systems
g. fuel heating system
h. enclosure lighting system

12. Prepare drawing for the following system and or equipment as they exist in
the vessel to which you are assigned. Use standard symbols and drawing
procedures. Label completely
a. Propulsion fuel oil service system to each gas turbine including all
regulating valves and all automatic valves, heaters, filters,
filter/separators, back pressure regulator, emergency fuel trip valves,
and fuel maters
b. Air intake system including all ducting, filters, and cooling
c. Exhaust system including the exhaust collector, exhaust ducting, and
stack.
d. Hydraulic starting system including the hydraulic starting module,
hydraulic oil used, and clutch cooling system.
e. Lube oil system including all pumps, sumps and air jackets
f. Gas turbine hydraulic system including system attached pumps and
components served.

13. What design gas turbine efficiency, the design stack temperature and the
design excess air percentage for the unit on your ship? What instrumentation
is available to measure these parameters during the operation of the operation
of the gas turbine. Record the data for a one week period of steady operation.
Compare with the design performance and explain any deviations.

14. Prepare a discussion and drawing foe each of the following component of the
gas generator
a. compressor
b. combustor
c. high pressure turbine
d, accessory

15. Describe the procedure schedule maintenance program for the gas turbine a
board your ship.

16. Describe the function of each bleed air manifold welded on the turbine

17. List and explain each gas turbine prestart check manual start and automatic
start procedure

18. List and explain each of the automatic, manual and emergency shutdown
procedure
Answer: automatic in my ship at the steam pressure 13,3 bar of burner in

automatic and at the steam pressure 15,3 bar of burner in automatic, operation
baking of boiler in my ship apply control panel automatic
19. Control :
a. describe the control system for the engine. Include:
1. Types of input and output signals
2. Sensors
3. Redundancy of sensors and controls
4. Safety device and settings
5. Biasing of signals
Answer: Water controlled using must be keep operable to project external

steam using plant for water carry over danger proceed be predetermined and
follow in the event of shortage
b. Describe a start up of an engine detailing the logic involved in starting an

engine and bringing it ti idle. Discuss the controlling functions and feed back
loops. Use a schematic as part of your description
Answer: This flame will be low and if these air compressed to it will be by
lock of the air these is to much oil compared
20. For a multi engine application, discuss all operating combinations, nothing
advantages and disadvantages of each.

D. TURBINE AND GEAR CONSTRUCTION
1. inspect the main propulsion turbine and reduction gear unit aboard your vessel
and study the manufactures manual. Prepare a detailed sectional view of the
gas turbine and the reduction gear. If your vessel is equipped with two sets of
gas turbine/reduction gear assemblies, prepare and explanation of the
rotational changer and place it in the drawing
Answer: in my ship no have turbine

2. provide a description of the main propulsion gas turbine and reduction gear
unit. Refer to the sectional drawings
Answer: In my ship not have turbine

3. describe each of the components and system listed below as they pertain to the
main gas turbine propulsion turbines and reduction gear units. Where
indicated, prepare a detailed drawing of the part of the system.
a. turbine radial and thrust bearing
b. High speed coupling shaft coupling to compressor
c. Reduction gear radial bearings
d. Main thrust bearing (drawing)
e. synchro-self shifting clutch
f. Power turbine break assembly

4. Provide a discussion of the equipment installed on your ship main propulsion

gas turbine and gear unit that perform the following functions
a. Control of turbine speed and power (drawing of nozzle control
system)
b. Prevention of turbine over speed (drawing of speed-limiting
governoor system)
c. Prevention of gas turbine and gear damage due loss of lub oil
pressure
d. Alert engineers to abnormal gas turbine and reduction gear
conditions
e. Redundant controls and fail safes

5. describe the startup and shut down procedures for the reduction gear and
reduction gear lube oil.

6. Describe the reduction gear schedule maintenance aboard your vessel

7. If any gas turbine gear failure accoured during your period aboard ship,
describe the nature of the failure, the cause and the correction. If not failure
occurred, then describe from your text of the ship technical manual two
possible failures, their causes and the correction.

E. MAIN PROPULSION DIESEL PLANT SYSTEMS
1. In your notebook you are to submit a description of each one of the systems
listed below. You are to number them and arrange them in the order thet they
are show above. After each description you are to include the two sketches of
that system (one finished and one rough-done in the engine room while
tracing the system). The description of each system must include the purpose
of the system and the purpose of the each major component. You shall include
as much detail as you can obtain about the system, such as line sizes, pump
capacity and head, motor horse power, heat exchanger duty, ect. This
information can be obtained from equipment nameplate, valves or fittings.
a. Starting air system

Answer: - main starting valves: the main starting valves is posted in the
starting air main pipe , the main air starting valve is consist of a lage unit
valve as well as a smaller ball valve both valve are operational or means of
pneumatic acuators
-starting distributor: the starting air distributor is fitet near the chain casing.
The distributor corisity of housing chain wheel, shaft, distributor disc. Closing
disc and reversing disc
-Starting valve: the starting valve is fitted in the cylinder cover it is controlled
by control air from the starting air distributor
b. Main engine jacket water system

Answer: the fresh water is circulated through coolers and main engine by the
pump though a branch at the auxiliary engine is provides. At the outlet of the
cooler the thermostatic valve mixes cold and un cooled water in such
proportion that outlet water from main engine is 75oc
c. All salt water cooling systems

Answer: sea water in from the sea connection by the sea water cooler pump
from this sea water passed. To the lubricating oil cooler the cooler for
changing air on the main engine and fresh water cooler through the
thermostatic valve the returning water is party reciculated through the pipe.
To maintenance constant temperature at inlet to coolers and partly sent
overboard.
d. Lube oil service system (all main engine system)

Answer: the oil from bottom tank delivery to strainer and oil cooler to engine
e. Fuel oil service system ( fuel oil purification system)

Answer: from the bottom tanks the fuel oil is pumped. Through purifiers to
the service tanks to obtain the most efficient cleaning the purifier are equipped
with preheater s so that. The oil can be preheated to about 95-98oc
From service tank which is in operation the oil is led zo one of the two
electrically driven primary pumps. The pump delivery’s the oil through the
preheater , the viscosity regulator the filter an on the fuel regulator an the fuel
injection pump. The return oil from the fuel injection and pump is then led
back through the stand pipe to the suction of the primary pump
Sketch is attached..
II. DIESEL PLANT OPERATION
1. Diesel engine construction, operation and maintenance according assignments

and references.
a) Diesel engineering handbook
b) Modern marine engineers manual vol. 2
2. Investigate how each of the following is controlled
A. Start up of standby lube oil pomp
B. Jacket water temperatur
C. Fuell oil temperature to the ebgine fuelinjection pumps
D. Fuel oil pressure etc the engine fuelinjection pumps
Answer No. 2
a. Start up of standby L.O p/p

Before we start up the L.O p/p fist step we ensure the L.O purifier for m/e it was
started. Next step is maintain steam for heating T/C L.O system 40oc - 50oc after
1 hour notice engage turning gear and turn the M/E on T/G for 30mn manually
lubricate the cylinder liner by turning the lubricater that is procedure in our ship.
b. Jacket water temperature
Fpr jacket water temp we prepared from at 12 hours notice so we ensure M/E P/P
is running at 12 Hours notice and (we so mantain temp 70oc-80oc)
c. F.O temperature to the engine fuel injection P/P
We maintain F.O temp before FO consuntioned by fuel injection. We maintain
80-90oc after purifier before going to injection in the service this 130-135oc.
d. F.O pressure to the engine fuel injection P/P
Before we start M/E we must know how much pressure F.O for fuel injection P/P
we checked first with injector tested the pressure should be 530kg/cm2 that
pressure for burn in the sylinder liner.
3. Write a descriptiom of the steps required to perform each of the operation below
a. Operate the main engine throttle control during maneuvering operations

Answer: -move the control selector from bridge control
-answer the telegraph from the bridge if bridge give the position handle
telegraph to half head from full ahead engineer must move the handle
telegraph to half ahead
-adjust speed handle to half speed must be slowly
-look ship indicator and Rpm indicator
after that we wait confirmation from bridge if bridge give mark from
telegraph ex slow ahead we move handle notch to slow or describe RPM with
turn right the handle just wait confirmation from bridge and we only see the
handle notch to slow or describe RPM with (turn right the handle) just wait
confirm from bridge, in the engine from only follow the installation
instruction from bridge and we only see the handle notch, telegraph filll up
bell book that is procedure from our ship, MV FEDERAL KIBUNE
b. Operate the main engine from the local/manual maneuvering station

Answer: in case of depart in the pneumatic maneuvering system ,
maneuvering can be effected direct on the engine. This is done by means of
the emergency reversing and emergency regulating handles which are
attached to the engine set control selector in position emergency
c. Main engine crankcase inspection

Answer: as the alignment is influenced by the engine temperature as well as
the loading conditions the deflection, measurements should for companion.
Always be make under nearly the same temperature and load conditions
-steps to entering crank case
-stop engine
-put turning gear
-block the starting mechanism
-shut off the starting air supply
-shut off lubrication oil
-don’t open crank case door at least ½ hour until the engine cool down
d. Remove a main engine fuel injector, replace with a reconditioned one

Answer: -close the fuel oil inlet and outlet unscrew the union nut by means of
the hook spanner
-take out the injector if the injector is sticking use the special tool
-clean the injector bore in cylinder cover and check the seating in the bore for
marks which if any must be dominated
-fit the spring housing & tighten
-check the fuel oil high pressure
-check the adjustment of the high pressure pipe
e. Secure a fuel oil purifier, clean and out back in service

Answer: loosen clam screw and lower clamping strip remarks, poling area
support undo the coupling nut inlet and outlet piping attached rape support ,
unscrew inlet pipe using the special pin spanner and lift out the pipe.
disconnect the oil outlet pipe and remove support undo water outlet coupling
nut of connect ion housing remove connecting housing , and unscrew small
lock ring using special spanner , remove top disk then screw inlet pipe in
lower paring disk located in top disc and lift out bowl head by means after
unscrew cap nut. Lift out distributing cone by means of the special tools. Ease
off bowl body which central screw of lifting tool and remove bowl body. Use
Holst check damage corrosion and erosion prior to assembly after cleaned
III. DIESEL ENGINE CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE
1. Diesel engine construction, operation and maintenance according assignments

and references.
c) Diesel engineering handbook
d) Modern marine engineers manual vol. 2
2. Describe the main propulsion diesel installation aboard your vessel
completely class if the engine (see osbourne Ch 16 for classification). State
make and model and speed and power rating for the engine. What was the
seep and approxi mate power out put of the engine at sea while you were
aboard? Explain why the engine was run at a slower speed and or power
output than what is was rate at
Type : AKASAKA MITSUBUSHI UE
Max output : 7470 KW
Max speed :130 min-1
Cyl bore/piston stroke : 450mm/1840mm
Max pressure cyl :15.49Mpa
Cooling system : sea water and fresh water
Maker : Onomichi dockyard.,co.ltd
Build : 2012
3. Prepare a detailed description of the steps required to start up the M/a F.O
system. Be sure to address the following in the description
a) Correct position of the valves
b) Method of fuel recirculation and heating
c) Swiching to H.F operation
Answer
a) - prepare all value the tank should be open for transfering

- cheked value who connected into M/E
- prepaired also heater for heated the F.O and maintan temp F.O
- prepared bosster P/P and filter dupley
b) Method of fuel recirculating and heating
As the fuel oil recirculating are from M/E go back to service tank from return
charnber and abaout heating before goes to purifier F.O should be heating and
after that before go to M/E should be heated again we should maintain heating
for F.O before go to M/E should be heated again we should mantain heating
for F.O before departase.
c) Switching to heavy fuel operation
When ship change from manuver to fuel away maintain heater for reduce
heated F.C in the C/R change panel D.C to F.O
4. Describe the maintenance program of the fuel injection system of the M/E.
Include what inspections and overhouls are made and the time schedule for
doing them. Discuss the procedure for testing and over houling the fuel
injection.
Answer No. 4
Fuel injection system
1) Replace with spare
2) Cleaning of nozzle, checking, automizing and adjusting of
nozzle/injection pressure
3) Cheking pressure regulating springs and filters one a year an board
procedure for tested and overhouling the fuel injector.
Put injector in injector tester and test the presure nd make sure injector be 450
kg/cm2 for pressure lower is 200kg/cm2 for mnimun pressure before renew the
injector we should be tested.
5. Describe the equipment and the procedures used in taking firing pressure and
or pressure indicator diagrams on the M/E provide a sample of the reading and
explain why they are taken.
Answer :
1) Plain meter
2) Mid ordinate methode
3) Counting the number of square if the diagrams is taken on aspecial square
type graph shut.
Procedure :
First blow through by opening the indicator cock partially to cleare soot and oil
accumulate in the indicator bore and protect cock against burning.
Before use the indicator should be hold warm by placking it on cylinder cover for
5 minute
With the indicator shold be closed trace the atmosphere line by pressing the
stylus against the paper while the drum is turn one or two timesmanually
Conneted the card line to indicator drive and open the indicator cock value and
press the styws against the paper to the drum at moment it moves up wards and
get pressure volume working diagram.
After replace the card from the indicator drive make a timming in take both
compression and maximum pressure on draw diagram by suitable pull the card
just quickly enough to draw on each cylinder.
6. Describe the chemical water treatment used on the fresh water cooling system.
What is the objective of the treatment plan and what do the chemical actually
do inside the system?
Answer No. 6
Cooling water treatment
The cooling water used for engine cooling should be prappely treated with an
approved cooling water inreberator alkaline against to avoid corotion attack
sludge scale deposite the following treatment are used
- Adjunct B (drew marine product)
7. Comment on the adequacy of the starting air system to supply air to the M/e
during manauvering operation, if both starting air compressors fail during
manauvering waht would be the proper procedure to follow. What would you
estimate be of how many starts you had left?
Answer :
Air recevoir must be at least 20 bar, but started to manuvering 25-26 bar of
course we used emergency compresser and we have only 3 times
8. Describe how the revesal of propeller thrust is obtained. If the engine direct
reversing, describe the engine mechanisme that allow it to start up and run in
the reverse diretion if a controllde pitch propeller is installed describe its
systems and mechanisms.
Answer :
Moucd C/R manouvering handle from stop to ahead position in one stroke
Respem acting
Reversing handle to the may ahead position the transfer to ahead indicator
lamp at E/C/R indicator lamp panel W/H manuvering starel lamp on when
the transfer complete the camsheet stopper is engaged.
9. Describe the L.O purification equipment used for the M/E L.O (filter,
centrifugal separators, or combination) include both operation and
maintenance.
Answer :
We used F.O purification for M/E L.o centrifugal separator type the operation of
purification M/E L.O
Purification mean is separated of liquid mixture made up of two liquid with

simulation of solids contained in the liquid. The settling tank with one feed in let
and two atleast which can be used for continous separator of a liquid liquid
mixture with simulation removal of solids the diffrence in the height betwen the
diffrence in density of the two liquid phase so before separating for distance an oil
water mixture containing of oil the vassel must fist be falled with water so as to
form a water seal.
10. What are the crank web deflection reading and why are they important?
How and when are they taken aboard your ship?
Answer :
Crank shaft deflection
l.e webs open and close as the engine in the vertical as will as horizontal
direction we meansure also web betwen we got checked top bottom part bottom
STBD port and STBD cause the result after that we can calculation for checked
performance of engine we can find crank shaft alignment
deflection procedure
place a dial gauge opposite the crank pin on the part side and set the pioner /
pointer to zero looking in the forward direction and readed the dial gauge reading
every six months we have taken.
11. List and briefly desrible all afthe safety devices used to protect the N/E shall
be stopped or slow down under safety device automatic to protect any of
accident caused on the abnormally listed on the table there for the safety
device also has to be inspected the realiable funtion.
Answer :
Auto slow down slow down emoy/stop
Over speed - 130 Rpm
Low inlet press of L.O system - 1,2 kg km2
Low inlet press of piston cooling oil 15 kg / cm2 -
Low inlet press of T/C L.O - 0,7 kg/cm2
Low inlet press of C.S.W 0,5 kg/cm2 -
Fire in scavenging chamber fire -
Failur electric source - -
12. Give a complete description of the main engine gaverner, include :
a. How does the governor react to steady increase in load placed on the
engine?
Answer: increasing the load on the prime mover at given speed have an
identical affection either case, the flyweights move in ward. (under speed) due
to either the increase in speeder spring force or to the increase in centrifugal
force caused by the decrease in primer mover speed as load. Is added the
movement of the fly weights is translate into a down ward movement of the
pilot plunger this directs pressure oil into the buffer system causing the buffer
piston. Forces the power piston to move toward the power cylinder. The oil
displaced by the move ment upwards in the increase direction.
b. What happens inside the fuel injections pumps are the governor reacts
to the increase in load?
Answer: Inside fuel injection pump will decrease amount fuel oil because the
governor cut off additional fuel needed for acceleration by stoping the power
piston when it reached a point corresponding to that amount of fuel reovired
for steady state operation at the new load.
c. Explain how draft, sea state, and rudder angle affect the load and the
fluctuation of the load on the main engine.
Answer: when draft increase load to increase at sea state rough load increases
a rudder angle increases load increases
d. Explain why is important to slow down in heavy seas

Answer: to keep save the construction of ship
13. Describe the bridge, control room and local control stations for the M/E
a. Describe the capabilities of each one of these control stations. (What

does bridge the control allow you to do that is not available in the
control room and vice versa?)
Answer:
-bridge control
In position bridge control , reversing , starting , and speed regulation
are controlled by the telegraph handle on the bridge
-control room control
In position C/R control the reversing is controlled by telegraph reply
handle , while starting and speed regulating are controlled by the
regulating handle
-local control stations
This positions only used if emergency situations the working
mechanism same like control room control.
-steering gear
Because only bridge station can do it moved rudder to starboard and
port, in engine room only in the monitor even do controlled from
bridge station
b. In a emergency, can the main engine be started and run with no

automation? How much of the control systems is absolutely required
to run the engine ?
Answer: yes, main engine can started and run , selection of engine
control , Answer the telegraph move the reversing handle to the
desired direction or rotation and move the regulating handle from stop
to start position. if the camshaft is situated in wrong position tha
camshaft first be trough into the correct position by means of the
reversing mechanism, following which the main starting valve
invented through it’s master valve, and the engine start rotating, on
starting air , move the regulating handle forward when the T/C taches
members.
14. Explain in detail the procedures that should be followed in the following olant
emcy :
a. Low F.O pressure to the M/E
b. Serious fuel leak on the M/E fuel system
c. Excessive use of make up water to various expansion tanks
d. High exhoust temp from one cylinder
e. High exhaust temp from all cylinder
f. Block smoke from stack
g. High engine cooling water outlet temp
h. High engine bearing L.O temp
i. Crank case explosion
j. During manevvering the engine will not start in reverse direction
Answer :
Low presure to the M/E
- We checked the booster p/p also we check bosch p/p

- We adjust the fuel rack in the bosch p/p
a) Serios fuel leak on the M/E fuel system first we secure all the pipe and
maintain pipe which one have leak we can used rubber for close the leak
for pipe only for emcy
b) Excercise use for make up water to varios expansion tanks we must
maintained the level of expansion tanks that should be enought for
consume the engine if we use water with exercise we must fill again and
keep enough for consume
c) High exhaust temp from one cylinder
We cooling water from cooling the cylinder liner checked L.O inlet
reverge air.
d) High temp from all cylinder
Just do blows trought from indicator cock all cylinder check cooling
system for cylinder liner
e) Black smoke from stack
If black smoke comming from funel so that for combustion to fuel
problem
f) High engine cooling water outlet temp

Engine can be slow down if cooling water high temp just checked
cooling for cooling water all valves
g) High engine bearing L.O temp
It also can make M/E slow down factor effecting hydrolyc L.O
h) Viscocity of the lubri cant abviously the type of lubricant oil water or
greased and the temp important
i) During manuvering the engine will not start in the reverse direction fist
we checked the pressure of air resevoir if air inside not enought for
starting we started air resevoir with manual and another one is auto.
F. AUXILIARY MACHINERY
1. In your notebook you are to submit a descriotion of one of the system listed
below. your are to number them and arrange them and arrange them in the
order that they are shawn above after each desciption.
Your are incluide the two scetches of the system (one finished andone rough –
done in the E/R while tracing the system). The description of each system
must incluide the purpose of the system and the purpose of each mayor
component. You shall incluide as much detail as you can abtain about the
ystems, such as liner izes, pump capacity and head motor horse power, heat
exchangers duty, etc This information can be obtained from equipmant name
plate, V/V of fittings.
a. Air intake system

Answer: purpose to process combustion diesel or fuel oil in cylinder available
oxygen adequate. Until it happen combustion perfect have consequences
consumption diesel fuel oil will snore economizer
b. Engine exhaust system

Answer: to turn off residue from combustion in the diesel generator or aux
engine
c. Engine fuel oil system

Answer: purpose to supply fuel oil going to diesel engine auxiliary engine in
order that to
happen combustion
d. Engine lube oil system

Answer: to supply lubricating oil to lubricating auxiliary engine or diesel
generator
e. Engine cooling water system

Answer: to cooled components diesel engine generator can work continued
with safe running. For example:
cylinder liner, cylinder head : fresh water
Lub oil cooler & air cooler : sea water
f. Engine starting system

Answer: purpose engine starting system is to starting diesel generator with air
pressure from air reservoir
-Remote(auto)Starting/stopping with manual starting/stopping
-Start. Method : Air Motor Starting with press. Reducing valve at inlet port
at air motor MAX. START PRESS. 2.45Mpa (25 kgf/cm²)
-Stop Method : Control Air of 0.69-0.98 Mpa (7-10Kgf/cm²)
And electric (DC24V) OPERATION
2. Describe the our diesel engine unit on your vessel function of the unit ( Ship
service generator, emcy generator, cargo p/p engine, blow thruster engine, of
other ) name plate data location of the unit , and type of fuel burned.
Answer.:
Major of specification of generator
No 1, 2, and 3 generator
Engine model : Yanmar Diesel engine 6EY18ALW
Type : 6 Cylinder, 4 Stroke
Rated output/rev : 500kw (680 PS) / 900 min-1 (rpm)
Cylinder bore/stroke : 180 mm / 280 mm
Mean piston speed : 8.40m/s
Max combustion press : 19.0 Mpa
Firing order : 1-4-2-6-3-5-1
3. Investigate how each of the following is controlled write a detiled description

of equipmant thst cotrols esch of these parameters. Incluide sketches of the
equipmant in your discudion.
a. Jacket water temperature

Answer: the cooling water coolers with a three way, temperature control v/v
through when the fresh water temperature at the outlet of the engine for
generator can be maintained at a preset valve. Temperature control for main
engine jacket water temperature increase of the jacket water cooling
temperature the model curve shows the temperature increase of the cooling
water of the air cooler as a function of the scaving air pressure
b. Engine speed
Answer: first remove the governor dial plate and turn synchronizer (speed
setting) if friction drive slip before reaching the required high speed setting
mark the intermediate and the synchronizer, for control room use handle
pneumatic system to move governor with hydraulic pump system, can control
speed engine
4. Write a description of the steps required to perporm each of operations below
a. Remove fuel injector from auxiliary diesel, replace with a

reconditioned one
Answer: before dismantling the fuel injector clean the lower part of the
nozzle of carbonized oil deposits. Fix fuel injector to damping bracket and
loosen the lock not unstressed the nozzle spring by turning of the adjusting
screw. By 1800 (nozzle at the top) and loosen the nozzle not by counter –
clockwise rotation if required the nozzle spring and the spring spindle. Can be
taken out by turning off the adjusting screw. All part must be clean and
careful to clean and assembly fuel injector again
-insert regret to threads
-onng are tube renewed
-the sealing plane surface of body and nozzle must be wiped dry with paper
-tightening torque for nozzle nut 100 Nm
b. Change fuel oil lube oil filter

Answer: turn the 3 way cock so that the lubricating oil listed past the filter
unit that is to be cleaned. Loosen the vent screw on the filter housing cover by
1-2 turns. And take out the drain vlv. Take out also an clean the guide an take
out scrap. The filter cargludges and remove any dirty. After the clean inside of
the filter and check and renew the sealing ring for to cover .
Refit the drain pluas
Refit the top cover
Refit the 3 way cock to working position
And tighten up the vent screw after venting
Procedure change F.O or L.O filter
- blow off operation
- close valve from D.O line to the D.O filter
- open the casing of filter after that
- remove the filter and clean with diesel oil or kerosene
- prepare draying with air
- put the handle of filter 900 and D.O pumping for pump the D.O but before
open valve
c. Drain and replenish jacket cooling water

Answer: use either pure water , use of cooling water having the following,
prepare is suggested. Close the valve who connected to jacket cooling fw v/v
after open jacket cooling cooling and drain the water until no more water
inside and also after drain water full again water but before close all valve or
drain valve and after that fill also f.w cooler
d. Take a lube oil sample and test viscosity

Answer:- take L.O from sump tank generator
-then lube oil in bottle for sample and send to laboratories of the all company
- to test viscosity
-max valve viscosity +40%
-min valve viscosity -15%
e. Check intake and exhaust valve clearance

Answer: loosen look nuts and the adjustment screw on vlave brigde and
rocker arm place the correct feeler blade for inlet vlaves. Above the valves
spindle neavos to rocker arm adjust the clearance between valve brigde and
valve spindle by means of the adjust. Ment screw the rocker arm (above the
push rod) the feeler blade is to remain in this position when adjusting the
clearenance other valve and tighten up the center nuts of both adjusment
screw
Auxiliary Diesel Engine Contruction and maintenance
AUXILIARY DIESEL ENGINE CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
READING ASSIGMENT AND REERENCES
a. Modern Marine Engineer Manual Vol.2 chapters 16, 17

b. Diesel Engineering Handbook
5. Describe the maintenance program of the fuel injection system on the

auxiliary diesel of your ship. Include the time schedule as well as what is done
Answer:
- dissemble the nozzle
-check the outside of the nozzle for sulfuric acid corrosion. If you find lot of
corrosion replace the nozzle with a new one
-check if the nozzle valve moves easily.
-adjust the nozzle with the adjusting nut
-quickly operate the hand lever of the tester ( at rate of 2 or 3 strkes per second)
and examine the spray
-to check the leaks, apply a pressure of 2.0 Mpa lower than the specified opening
pressure. If only a little bit of fuel comes out of the nozzle tip. The nozzle can be
used again. After finish the adjusting you can tighten the lock nut.
-do the injection test again and check if the injection pressure is correct
-renew all O-ring of the fuel injection valve
The average service life of the nozzle is about 2500 hours

6. Describe the chemical water treatment used on the auxiliary diesel cooling
water system. Describe the test, chemicals used and intervals between test.
Answer:
- fill the sample cup to the 25 ml mark with simple
- slide the open and of the valve assembly over the tapered tip of the titrest so . .
that it fist sugly to the reference line
- snap the tip of the titret at the score mark into the body of the tetrehor
- with the tip of the valve assembly immersed in the sample press the controlll
. bar firmly , but briefly to pull in a small amount , the contents will tive . . . . . .
abreen colour
- press the control bar again briefly to allow another small amount of sample to be
drawn in the ampule
- after each addition rock the entire assembly to mix the contenst of the . . . . .
ampule watch for color change from green to bright orange
- repeat step 6-7 until a permanent color change
- when the color of the liquid in the ampoule change to bright orange . . . . . .
remove the ampoule from the tit sector hold the ampule in a vertical position .
and check fully read the test result on the cycle opposite the liquid level
- satisfactory ranges NC 3,5-5,0 300 x 200
Chemical water treatment used for protection against corrosion in fresh water
cooling system the quality of cooling water is to be checked regular possible one
week. Normal ph valve should be 7-10, measure at 200C, and chloride
concertation which normally not to exceed 50 ppm (50 mg/liter) and every three
should be shore
7. Explain in detail the operation of auxiliary diesel engine governor. State

maker and type
Answer:
Operation the governor to balancing a compressive force of the governor
spring with a centrifugal force of the governor Wight, the governor operates to
maintain a fuel injection volume corresponding to the load of the engine
Type : NZ61 Hydraulic Governor and controller
Power piston diameter : 17.6/25 mm
Setting speed drop adjusting range % : 0-10
Hydraulic oil pressure : 1.18 Mpa (12Kgf)
8. Describe the lubricating oil analysis program used for the auxiliary diesel.
Include in your description the type of oil that is used in the engine, the
sampling procedures, and the test that are made onboard the ship. If oil
samples are sent out for analysis, who provides the service and what tests are
made on the oil.
Answer: analysis may be came out in the laboratories of the companies it is

normal service for these. To component on the condition of the oil based upon
the result of the analysis, type of oil Taro – mar SR.
Actually before we use lubricating oil for lubrication the auxiliary diesel engine,
we must know what type of oil we use analysis of oil specific gravity of oil before
use think is we tank sample from L.O bunker and we sent to company of sample
for to check SG we used SHELL ARGINA T oil 40, procedure for take oil sample
and the is just take from bunker and take stirage tank, and C/E and 2/E must know
about L.O from where we request and after that we keep store and we sent to
company SG for L.O always only that i know
9. Describe the lubricating oil purication equipment used for the auxiliary diesel
( filters, centrifugal separator, or combination). Include both operation
maintenance
Answer:
lubricating oil purification equipment for the auxiliary machinery on my ship used
filter and centrifugal separator
Operation start up
- start centrifugal separator by pressing push-button of the starter
- operate oil heater
- close the bowl, since bowl valve cyl open at the time of startup, supply water by
turning low pressure of rating water valve to the position of running
- after supplying the prescribed amount of fresh water into measuring water
hopper open globe valve and supply water ti the bowl
- after confirming that oil has been heated to the setting temperature , open feed
valve gravity to feed oil
- the open feed valve fully and set the feed rate by regulating pump by pass valve
Operation stopping
- close feed water valve
- stop the operation oil heater
- supply the fresh water into the measuring Hooper and by opening valve , poor
water on to push out of inside the bowl in order to decrease oil loss
- turn high pressure operating water to the position discharge and keep it for more
than 5 second
-it is very effective method to wash and clean the bowl inside by pouring water
into the bowl after sludge discharge and perform the discharge again
- turn low pressure operating water level to the position
- stop the motor
- apply brake when necessary
Maintained: bowl, vertical shaft part, dear pump, L.O , brake equipment,
operating water supply equipment, detector
the lubricating oil purification used lubricating oil filters is a duplex cartridge of
initial fineness of 0030 mm , maintenance a duplex cartridge type every one week
must be cleaned
10. Describe the fuel oil purification equipment used for the auxiliary diesel
(filters, centrifugal separator, or combination). Include both operation and
maintenance
Answer:
lubricating oil purification equipment for the auxiliary machinery on my ship used
filter and centrifugal seperator
Operation start up
- start centrifugal seperator by pressing push-button of the starter
- operate oi heater
- close the bowl, since bowl valve cylopen at the time of start up, suply water by
turning low pressure of rating water valve to the position of running
- after suplying the prescribed amount of fresh water into measuring water hopper
open globe valve and supply water ti the bowl
- after confirmins that oil has been heated to the prescrb temperature , open feed
valve gravity to feed oil
- the open feed valve fully and set the feed rate bt regulating pump by pass valve
Operation stoping
- close feed water valve
- stop the operation oil heater
- supply the fresh water into the measuring hooper and by opening valve , poor
water on to oush out oip inside the bowl in order to decrease oil loss
- turn high pressure operating water to te position discharge and keep it for more
than 5 second
-it is very efectife method to wash and clean the bowl inside by pouring water
into the bowl after sludge discharge and perform the discharge again
- turn low pressure operating wate rlodel to the position
- stop the motor
- apply brake when necessary
the fuel oil purification equipment used fuel oil filter is a duplex filter slit, type
filter element operation the filter element operation.
The filter is equiped with three way cock for change of both inlet and outlet side
ints single or double operations of the filters. Maintenance a duplex every 4 days
must cleaned
11. Describe the pistons on the auxiliary diesel engine. Include the type of piston,
the type of piston cooling, the type and number of compression rings, the type
and number of oil control rings, and the procedure for piston removeal/
reinstallation from the engine.
Answer: type of piston is mono block pistons with hardened ring groves , piston
cooling has a cooling oil space close to the piston crown and piston ring zone.
The type and number of compression is 3 compression ring
Procedure for piston removal

- open cylinder head
- open decksel
- open lock bolt
- open spring washes
- open lock metal spacer
- open lockmetal
- open crank pin bolt
- after that piston
12. Describe the exhaust valves of the auxiliary diesel engine and their
maintenance program. Include what is actually done to the valves and the time
schedule between overhaul.
Answer:
Each cylinder head is made of cast iron and water cooled. The cylinder head has 4
valves : 2 intake valves and 2 exhaust valves. The fuel injection is at the centre.
For maintenance : do not use gas burner to remove carbon from the combustion
surface of the exhaust port. If the flame directly touched the exhaust valve seat, it
will be become loose. Check the cylinder head for crack and corrosion, clean the
water jacket with a descaling agent at least on time in 2 years,
13. Describe how a diesel engine cylinder liner wears during normal engine
operation how is the wear measured?
Answer: the cylinder liner is made of close grained, pearu be ast iron and is at the
tep provide with a collar resting on top of the frame al bottom the liner has a
guide with grove for two sealing ring which provide iontress againt the frame the
cylinder liner wear measured until 24.00 hours after must be overhoul exchanged
The internal gas pressure with the cylinder liner causes a tensile stress refred to as
hoop tensile stress, the cooling water pressure on the outside of the liner caused
by hoop compressure stress which however is so small that it has no anapprecable
effect when the engine is in operation the mean temperature on the inside surface
(gas side) of the liner is much higher than the outside (cooling water side)it is
procedure a temperature across the thicness of the lines is different being hoter
on the gas side the hitter on te side and cooler on the water side the hotter inside
part of liner troes to expand more than the outlet part in contact with the cooling
water this temperature diffenet and expansion restriction causes a thermal stress.
The thermal stress reduce the hoop stress (from gas pressure) on the inside of the
liner (gas side) and increase it an the outside (cooling water side) at the uppart of
cylinder liner in the region of the flange bending moment are set up when the
cylinder 1 s changing so the material of the cylinder liner is subject to cycle stress
patren care has herefore to be taken in the design of the liner to cobat failune due
to fahque.
14. With what classification society is your ship registered? Describe the
inspection the auxiliary diesel must undergo and the time schedules that must
be followed
Answer:
G. SHIP STORES REFIGERATOR SYSTEM
1. Describe the ship store refrigerator system aboard your ship, you must include
the capacity of the system, the type of system the refrigerant used (R12, R22,
R14A, or other) and the size normal contens and normal temp of each
refrigerated space of box.
Answer No 1
Refrigerator system in pos dedicator used R-404a for refrigerant
 Normal temp for meat room is -16 oC
 Normal temp for lobby room is 6 oC
 Normal temp for vegetable room is +2 oC
ROOM CAPACITY (M3) TEMPERATURE

VEGETABLE 16 20C
FROZEN 20.8 -180C
LOBBY 7.1 60C
TOTAL 43.9
2. Provide the name plate data for each of the following component in the ships
stores refrigerstor system , state the soorce of the name plate information if
it’s hot from the actual name plate
Answer No 2
a) Compresor
Q’ty : 2 sets
Capacity :
b) Compresor motor
Nominal output current insulation = 30 kw 9,0 A B class
No of pole x revolution = 4 P x 1750 mm -1
Manufacturer = Mitsubishi
c) Condensor
Type : Shell and fin tube
Shell size x efective length : 216,3 ᶲ x 1080 mm
Cooling surface : 2.42 m2
Tube material : C 6872 T
Tube plate material : NAVAL BRASS
Shell plate material : Mild steel Pipe
Water cover material : Cast iron
Water Quantity : 3.42 t/h
Head Loss : about 0,023 Mpa (2.3m H2O)
d) Receiver
The conensor is used as receiver
e) Suction to liquid heat exchanger (economizer)
Economizer working process same with evaporator if’s a modine for
choase the liquid in to gas . so far the liquid into gas, evaporator need
head from iron that’s way, we use paint for take air from engine room
f) Solenaid valve B used for full open the refrigerant to exparsion

v/v or full close. Solenaid v/v have a cool inside when it’s engine
v/v will open and when it’s do energize it will close when the
required temp is enough in the pace then thermotate swith
openand there is no supply to solenaid v/v so the values must be
close.
g) Expansion v/v like spiral functioning for change complete to gas
the main system and connected by cappilary tube to are more
which is in content with the suction gas line and responsive to
change refrigerant temp it’s bassed an a contact of superhead in
the vapour.
h) Evaporator coil with in each refrigerant space is pipe grids or
pinned and below place is used for our body and the finned one is
use in vegetable room, meat and fish room, air inside the
evaporator is controlled by expansion temp it’s full open and
slightly super heated.
i) Fans each refrigerated box for supported evaporator for change
the liquid in to gas.
j) Evaporator is connected to T.E.V is liquid inside the evaporator
not become air, so liquid moved again to T.E.V for see the liquid
already change or not.
k) Stainer
Before going to compressor it’s given to suction strainner. This is for
hold the scale and imporities secured from the system by refrigerant
it’s used here as freon it has aproper by or clearing the cidcuit.
Driyer
Locate at the liquid outlet of condensor this is used to remove the

water in the refrigerant if there’s any person of water then it will black
the line so our compressor will cut off die to high pressure of law
pressure.
l) Pressure switch on Compressor
The compressor stop die to the law pressure down by closing of the
solenoid v/v we always auto.
1.(2) Trace the ship stores refrigeration system, draw a detailed schematic draw of
the ship store refrigeration system, shot all major components those refrigerant from
question.
3. All manual v/v all auto v/v, pressure gauge, thermometers pressure switch and
other show flow arrows and shot the normal operator pressure and temp for each
of the pressure gauge and and every component in the system indicated the time
of day the outside air temp and the sea water temp when the reading taken (if your
drawing each the necesaly data no credit will be given for the drawing)
Answer :
Show flow arrow and shot the normal operator, pressure and temp for each the
pressure gauge and for every component in the system indicated of a time of
day the outside are temp when the reading were taken.
4. Describe the compressor used in the ship stores refrigaration.
a) Type and classification of the following

b) Type of cylinder cuction and discharges v/v
c) Type of mechanical seals (if any)
d) Lubricating system (include the type of oil used filter)
e) Method of protection against over pressurization
f) Motor enclosure
If your compressor doesn’t have on item listed above, make note of if and
refer to your text in describing the item, doesn’t leave any part of the question
in answered.
a) Compressor
this raise the pressure of the low temperature and low pressure
refrigerant gas evaporated in the evaporator so that it can be easily
liquefied in the condenser
Capacity : 3200 w
Evaporating temp : -29.0 °C
Condensing temp : 40.0 °C
Revolution : approx. 3450 min-1
Motor power : 3.0 kW
b) We dont have mechanical seal, we using glonel packing
c) Lubricating system
Cap LO 2.0 liter DAPHNE FVC46D initial charge only
Oil separator filter to separate oil droplets with large specific gravity
according to the gravitation. The center of the circle further separates
them from the gas. The oil gathered at the bottom is automatically
returned to the crank case through capillaries
Type : cyclone model : RAC-RHS5BA
e) Method of protection against over pressure
pressure automatic oil return, control with bellows type
f) Motor Enclosure
We use 3 phase motor with :
Output : 3.0 Kw AC440V, 60 Hz,3Ǿ
Rating Current : 5.7 A
Starting current : 48 A
Over current relay : 7.5 A
5. The following appiles to the compressor unloader (capacity control system)
a. What is the purpose of the compressor unloading (capacity control) system?

Explain how the under loader work
Answer: from compressor produced high pressure for going to condenser and
in condenser high pressure it will charge to find CO2 Hp it was cooled by sea
water that is we called unloading/high pressure how is work when unloading
done by keeping your inlet valve opened by passing high pressure line to
valve via solenoid valve
b. Under what conditions would the compressor be minimally loaded?
Answer: when the filled comes from evaporator or comes in compressor and
mixed with L.O for charge become to H, refrigeration system would the
compressor is fully loaded when gas low pressure goig enter compressor
mixed with lube oil only for lube oil (oil vapour with gas and help lubricating
piston) and at the time we called fully loading
c. Describe the method used to audits the under (capacity control system) and
explain how an engineer would know when the unloader is properly adjusted
Answer: we can detested unloaded is done or only keeping inlet vlve open by
passing a Hp to thhe valve using solenoid valve just setting the selenoid valve
and kept opened inlet valve pressure gague and selenoid valve
6. Describe each of the following control installed in the ship store refeigerstion
system, include an exploration of the purpose of the control, what each control
sense and how the control function during both normal and abnormal system
operation also where availble include the actula setting of each the control.
A. High – pressure cut – out switch

Answer: this switch is protective device to bring the compressor to a
standstill urgently when he delivery pressure on the compressor is excessive
by to 65 kg/cm2 to resume (operation it must be started minimally after normal
pressure is recovered)
B. Condenser cooling-water regulator valves

Answer: condensor cooling water regulator valve in my ship haven’t
regulator valve it just throttling the valves
C. Low cooling-water pressure cut-out switch

Answer: the switch is a protective device to maintenance sea water pressure
normal the cooling water pressure is elevated excessively to 5,0 kg/cm2 until
7,0 kg and the low cooling-water is decrease until 1,0 kg/cm2 and it will active
the alarm
D. Thermostats
Answer: the power supply for electro magnetic valve can be opened or closed
by truning on or off a thermo swicth couple a with a cappiliary tabe by
allowine the temperature of condensor
E. Compressor low-suction pressure cut-in and cut-out switch

Answer: L.O low differential pressure cut off switch the device stop the
compressor in a emergency to prevent the metal down on the bearing when
differential pressure between L.O and intel gas
F. Lube-oil low-differential-pressure cut-out switch

Answer:
7. Describe each of the following heat exchanger installed in the ship stores
referigerstion system include type number of pastes number outside diameter
and wall thickness of tubes material of construction low leaks are prevented
from mixing protecting againt over pressurization and prtection against
corrosion
a. Condensor
Answer: marine condensor are very subtitle to corosion and much research
has teen done to long then their use which halogen hdryocarbon refrigerats the
used of alminus or nickle tubes and sea water side
b. Evaporator within each refrigerated space or box(including a

description of the fans or other methods used to distribute cold air
throught refrigerated boxes or spaces).
Answer: in the direct expansion system evaporator take palce in air cooler
consist of pipe. Grind exclosed in closely fitting causing through which air
from the hold or chamber is circulated by forced or include draught fan this
type. Of evaporator can be operated either party flooded fully floded. With
accumulators order in the latther the refrigerant controled by expansion valve.
c. Suction-to-liquid heat exchanger (economizer)

If the installation you are studying does not have one of the items listed above,
make of it and refer to your text in describing the item.
Answer: process heat exchanger in the refrigerant system only the condensor
process beacuse the refrigerant come inside the condensor will be comes
liquid refrigerant with high pressure
8. Draw a labeted sectional drawing of a thermostate expansion v/v (TXV)

And explain the following.
a. The function of a TXV

Answer: the function of TVX is the regulations of injection info evaporator
by controlling the super heating at the outlet end of the evaporation this
regulation is realized by means of a sensor , which compares the suction
temperature os the evaporated super heated gas with evaporation pressure the
spring pressure
the expansion valve has been property adjust under stfiet control in the factory
so avoid adjusting screw slighting accuracy.
b. How a lower rate of evaporation in the evaporation coil causes in the valve to
close and reduce the flow rate of refrigerant through the coil
Answer: lower rate of evaporation in the evaporate coil the pending
temperature of from and thermal will give. Signal to control panel give order
to TVX increase of decrease in flow rate.
c. How an increase in the box temperature results in increase in the flow rate of
refrigerant through the evaporator coil
Answer: a started condition in the evaporator will result in a super heat witch
throught expansion of the liquid in the bub and cappilary will causes the valve
to open heater and increase flow of engineer
d. How to increase or descreses the TXV’S spring compression

Answer: increse or descreases TXV spring compressor spring pressure is set
during manufacture of the valve and should not be adjusted
e. Why the when an engineer would want to adjust the TXV spring
compressionand how engineerwould dtermine whether the valve was properly
adjusted
Answer: the enginer would adjust the TVX spring compression for acheive
the temperatur we had regulated on refrigerant box and for het good cooling
and when the temperature in refrigerant box is too long running and indicate
by compressor running in continously and temperature is higher the TVX

need light adjust on spring
f. The difference between am internally equaliized and externally equalized

TXV and when each type should be used
Answer: the different between an internally equalized end and etremally
equalized TXV is transmission of the suctio pressure at the end of the
evaporator to the bellows inside the TXV in order to measure the correct
pressure for good regulation of super heating. His usually applied for
evaporator that have a longer internal, resistance or for evaporator with
multiple injection
9. Describe the proper produce for doing each of the following with the ships
store refrigeration system in your description refer to the schematic that you
prepare for question 3 indicated what v/v are opened, what v/v are closed the
sequence of evants is important to follow.
a. System stamp
Answer:
1. start cooling sea water through the condenser
2. check opening and closing condition of the following
a)valves opened during operation are:
-compressor suction and discharge valve
-strainer inlet and outlet valve
-valve for each gauge
b)valves closed during operation are refrigerant supply :
- refrigerant machine oil supply
- condenser purge air valve
3. switch the crank case heater on ( 2 hours before start)
4.start the fan
5.start the compressor
6. change the liquid the solenoid valve
b. System shutdown
Answer:
1. close the liquid line solenoid valve
2.after while coolant in the piping and cooler is returned
3.close the suction
4.stop the fan
5.switch the crank case heater off
6.stop water cooling to the condenser
c. Replacing a TVX
Answer: replacing a TVX is piping section concerned shall be extraded by
the compressor or when this is not possible by vacum unit after repair is the
parts that has been opened. Shall be vacumed coreful ly and check for leakage
d. Purging noncondensibies from thw system
Answer:
- stop the compressor , keep cooling water running for 20-30 minutes
- open the purge valve provided in upper eart of the condensor and remove air
and gas until the high pressure gets salvarted equalent to the cooling water
temperature
e. Adding refrigerant to the system

Answer:
- ensure the air ecacuated
- hang on the bathe ofrefrigerant
- conect the purging pipe to the chargingvalve either in two location point
- remove purge air from charging pipe by cracked openslightly until
refrigerant blow the air then tight
- open the compressor discharge and suction valve
- run the compressor until the system fully changed
f. Adding lube oil to the compressor

Answer:
- using an oil changing hand pump
- oil pump suction is placed in the oil and discharge hose
- purge and eleminate air to hose and tight to prevent enterence or air into
crankcase
- use hand pump to charge until about 3 second of slight class is filled and
clos discharge valve and disconnect hose
g. Changing the lube-oil niter

Answer:
- stop compressor
- open drain oil valve
- take off oil filter and renewell the oil filter
- start compressor
h. Evacuating the system

Answer:
- switch on the crankcase heater at compressor and oil separator
- open all shut – off valve
Evacuating the entire system including compressor using vacum pump

connected to the high and low pressure sides when the pump is switch off a
standing vacum of less than 1,5 m bar must be maintaned if necessary repeat
this procedure several time
10. Describe how evoporator coil defrasting in the ship’s refrigerator system
freeze boxes perpormed on your ship include the following
a. What initiates the defrosting cycle

Answer: defrosting is any ice in evaporator and any air in system , suction of
dumper close blower off , compressor-evaporator-compressor
The defrosting cycle intake by there is an ice in evaporator in my vessel we
use automatic timer
b. What valvs are opened or closed. Etc (either manually or

automatically) during
Answer: valve from receiver must be close and valve opened to
evaporator(manually)
c. The defrost cycle? (refer to the schematic that you prepared for
question 3.)
Answer: heat from refrigerant room
d. What causes the ice on the evaporator coils to melt?

Answer: automatic electric resistance heater
e. How the water (the melted ice) is removed from the freeze boxes?
Answer: close the by pass , pass valve to evaporator
f. What stops the defrosting cycle?

Answer: the heat absort reducing and temperature cooling is not cooling
down
14. Draw a schematic diagram of the air handing system. Include fan rooms and
supply. Exhaust and recirculating ducts.
Answer : sketch is attached

15. For the air – handling system. Provide the following.
a. And controls used to describe component a typical air handler unit ( preheat.
Cooling, and rehear coils)
Answer: steam heated coil
this coil heated the bolding supply air having the handling unit , sending
supply air to all of the rooms larging eleminating the need. For reheat coil
this coil uses a tube , in tube arrangement to prevent freezing in case the
system valve is off and fold out sideair is pressing.
-base board radiator
The primary function of the base board radiator it to prevent cold drafs
exterion watt and windows
-reheat coil
In thearly full before the cooling system has been shut down for the seas
b. List rating (air flow rate, motor KW or hp and speed.etc) also list the spaces
supplied with air from each fan. Indicate whether the air is unconditioned
(ventilation) or conditioned.
Answer:
Temp indoor outdoor
0
Cooling air 270 C 320C
Air heating 270C 320C
Summer winter
0
Room temperature 30 C -450C
Engine space woll 180C -120C
Galley 100C -180C
c. Describe the fans and motor used to supply outside airmthise used to
recirculated air. And those used to exhaust air
Answer: my ship used fan with air flow 120m3/main with to HZ motor output
3,7 x 4
d. Describe method regulated method regulated the amount recirculated air
Answer: we have regulated air and use method ventilation close and open
regulator
16. Describe each the following used for refrigeration system maintenance on your
vessel. Include typical operating procedures:
A. Service manifold
Answer: we must check the manifold for the pass ice and freon every 3
months
B. Leak detector (include all types used or your vessel)

Answer: leak detector is detector for detection the leak system from piping
C. Refrigerant recovery unit

Answer: this refrigerant system for recovery thumbs of refrigerant system is
control valve panel
17. Describe the containers (tanks) used to store new refrigerant on your vessel
include the following:
a. Size
Answer :store is 12m2
b. Tare weight
Answer :118 kG
c. Color
Answer : silver
d. Markings
Answer :stainless stell
e. Valves and connections

Answer: valves to connection to condensor is for cooling and connecting to
there must pass through the thermostatic
f. method to determine amount of refrigerant within container

Answer: within container we just maintenance the refrigerant and check the
regulation are also thermostatic expansion valve
18. Describe the environmental laws and concerns that need to be addressed when
doing the following on a refrigeration system:
a. Charging a system
Answer: High pressure with detector
low pressure
b. Purging a system
Answer: Cooling water in to folow in to condensor colanted the more than

freon earns in liquid isn’t coonted the many than condensor indicator v/v and
pipe conection at part of high pressure of switch.
c. Opening a system for repair

Answer: - don’t open any parts unites necessary
-when the system and parts unlers necessary the system sholud be slighty
higher the atmosphare pressure
-caution if the pipe system is colder than the screw riding . moisture
preciptation (condensasion) accur in the cold section of the plant
-never open the section of the system simulaxy
-opening must be plugged shut off or at loast cover with called paper or
smothing smilar
d. Inplement
 Blow of v/v of condensor
 Standby close inlet v/v to condensor
 If green light have and stoop condensor inlet v/v quickly
 Inlet v/v aper to condensor a for after 2 or 3 minutes
compressor walked isn’t again.
19. Checking the refrigeration and air-conditioning system should be pan of the
routine of the vessel’s machinery spaces. Construct a table that includes the
following:
a) In column one, prepare a check list of all the readings that should be recorded
during an adequat reefer 6:A C round
Answer:
b) In the second column explain the importance of each of the readings. Listed in
column one
Answer:
c) In the third column, record actual readings that you took while performing a
round.(maske sure that you include units of measurement).
Answer:
d) Consult the manufacturer’s manuals and list in column 4 the rated or design
value for each reading that you recordedin column 3
Answer:
e) In column 5 discuss air differences between the designn condition and the
actual condition
Answer:
f) Explain how the choice of refrigerant for the system affect designsuction and
discharge pressures
Answer:
g) Explain how the desired refrigerated space temperature affects the compressor
suction pressure
Answer:
20. Describe the effects that each of the following would have on the operation of the
ship’s stores refrigeration or air conditioning system and how the engineer
should troubleshoot to determine the cause of each problem:
h) Loss of cooling water to the condenser

Answer: effect: discharge pressure is very low the engineer should adjust
opening of condenser water inlet valve or water regulating valve check other
valve and check for leakage
i) The presence of air in the refrigerant

Answer: effect: deception of refrigerant in contact with impurities the
engineer should purge air from purging valve
j) low lube oil level within the compressor

Answer: effect: in sufficient oil charge the engineer should add sufficient a
wolint of proper compressor oil
k) insufficient refrigerant in the system

Answer: effect: suction pressure is very low the engineer should additionally
the refrigerant
l) excessive refrigerant within the system

Answer: effect: dew or frost gather on the system (crank case) the engineer
should extract unnecessary refrigerant
21. Describe any major repairs that were performed on the refrigeration or HVAC
equipment aboard our vessel
Answer: repair at my ship on the refrigerant:

-fan unit set
-evaporating coil
-fan unit type
All repair for performed on the refrigeration shore man will repair at port

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NAME : MUHAMAD SENDY NUGROHO

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

a. Main Steam – include in your answer a description as to how to operate

c. Auxiliary Exhaust steam

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

f. Make up Feed and Dump

g. Fuel oil service

h. Lube oil service

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

2. investigate control schemes and control equipment of the following. With

a. Auxiliary Exhaust Steam Pressure

c. Deaerting Feed Tank level

d. Superheated Outlet steam pressure – i.e, investigate and describe the

e. Superheated steam temperature – include log book recordings of the

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

continue answer No. 2

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

3. Write a description of the procedures required to perform each of the

a. Continuous blowdown of a boiler to control water chemistry

b. Change and clean a burner

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING

SHIP’S NAME : MV.CK BLUEBELL

SHIP’S TYPE : BULK CARRIER

YEAR OF SEA PROJECT : 2015 - 2016

c. Operate the soot blower. Include descriptions of the routine

e. Manually light-off and secure burners when the automatic system is

REG. NUMBER : 13.7558/T

MAJOR : TECHNICAL DEPARTEMENT

SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING

COMPANY : CHANG MYUNG SHIPPING