5.

2 EFFECTIVENESS

The adiabatic film cooling effectiveness were carried out for six different hole configurations
with same blowing ratio 1.5 and is given by

𝑇𝑔 − Taw
ɳ=
𝑇𝑔 − 𝑇𝑐

(5.1)

 is effectiveness

Tg =gas inlet temperature

Taw=adiabatic wall temperature, and is given by

Taw= ʋ * (T0-T) + T (5.2)

Tc=coolant temperature

0.14
Suction Pressure
side 0.12 side cylinder(PS)
cylinder(SS)
0.10
shaped(SS)
shaped(PS)
0.08 convergent(SS)
convergent(PS)

0.06 crescent(SS)
crescent(PS)
trenched(SS)
0.04
trenched(PS)
anti-vortex(SS)
0.02
anti-vortex(PS)

0.00
-0.40 -0.30 -0.20 -0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30
Span

Fig 5.6 film cooling effectiveness plot

1
From the effectiveness plot in fig (5.6), cylinder, shaped and trenched on pressure side have
effectiveness up to 0.13 at the leading edge and gradually decreases along the span. while at
suction side, the maximum is for crescent slot and minimum is for trenched slot. whereas
Mustapha Benabed, Abbès AzzI, B A Jubran found that the maximum effectiveness is for the
convergent slot and minimum is for the trenched slot at the suction side, while at pressure
side, the maximum is for the crescent slot and the minimum is for the uniform slot.

The highest effectiveness is occurring near the hole exits and a large region is not covered at
all by the cooling air, especially on the pressure side. The comparison is satisfactory on the
pressure side and on the major part of the suction side.

For a perfect film cooling the value of ɳ = 1, ɳ = 0 means the gas temperature has not
reduced the gas temperature at the wall. For ɳ = 0.3 at the pressure side means less coolant
mass flow near the leading edge surface which slides along the surface, thus give efficient
cooling.

At the suction side, convergent, crescent and anti-vortex have an average of ɳ = .02 at the
leading edge and decreases along the tip. whereas trenched, shaped and cylindrical have an
increasing effectiveness along the tip.

2
 CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK

6.1 CONCLUSIONS

Flow fields for six different film-cooling hole geometries have been compared at a blowing
ratio1.5 for an AGTB (Aero Gas Turbine Blade).

 The numerical investigations have shown that the cooling jets are stronger at the
suction side of the blade surface, than on the pressure side, this effect is caused by the
coolant jet turning more towards pressure side.
 Due to different mass flow in the cooling holes, the kidney vortices are formed at the
pressure side in all the configurations (fig5.1), this can be controlled by supplying less
mass flow at the pressure surface.
 From the effectiveness plot (fig5.6) we can conclude that cylindrical hole at pressure
side and crescent hole at suction side shows better cooling effectiveness at the leading
edge.
 All the geometries posses better cooling at the suction side surfaces up to the mid-
span. The cylindrical and trenched holes have better cooling at the pressure surfaces
compared to rest of the geometries (fig5.5).
 From effectiveness contours on pressure and suction side we can observe that
cylindrical and crescent are efficient at the leading edge of the pressure surface. On
suction surface cylinder, shaped, crescent and trenched shows efficient cooling at the
leading edge.

3
6.2 FUTURE WORK

Some observations are made in this numerical analysis which may be used for future work.
Though the present work has dealt with steady flow analysis of the turbine blade of varying
configurations with necessary geometry and boundary conditions, a change in the system
does not damage the results.

 Combination of two cold fluids leads to efficient cooling.

 Supplementary holes at the uncooled surfaces with same mass flow give a complete
cooled blade.
 Modeling of cylindrical hole at pressure side and crescent hole at suction side gives
sufficient cooling on both the surfaces.
 Expanded hole exit area and less mass flow gives efficient cooling.

4
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