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Progiem 4-2 Giver: KO, and HO molecular Structures * ye Hel ! 670 Ho: vo" ens tahether the reachim 2H # 0, > ZH,0. is highly Improbable. AppRaAcn: In order for a reaction fe oceur, the molecules must collide in an appropriale orientation and the proper bonds —Lr——— For the 2tht+O, > Z2HO reackm # occur, 2h molecubs must simultaneously collide with one O, molecule in the appropriate oriewtation. For @xample = H 1 070 &—1 H H In addition, I double banc omel 2 smgle horas must fe heoken and 4 smgle bonds must be formed. Based on the chanee of the trolecules colli my coreecthy and the approprrate onal emg Aroten and formed is apparent that the above reaction 1s) highly improbable PRoBlEm 4-3 Gwen: Ay, Or, and HO, Struchwes® Ae He 02: 0-0 Ho,: H-O-9 Find whether the reaction H, 10, > HO,tH Jikely or not. AbpeaAcH? In order for the reach to occur, the molecules — must collide in om appropriate orientation and the p honds ete ea neengel formed. te for the — H40, > HO, +H reaction fo oceur, one Hh molecule roast callde ciith one O, melecule , for example HH —> O=O In addition, one single bod must be brolon, x double bord must be tranfomed to a single hod, and one single bond muct be foomed. The probabilthy of the molecules ¥ callidmg correctly and the opproprinte “binds bem brten and farmed i Flavely ‘large indicatny thet this reaction could he an elenertay reackon- Comments: Compare this reaction fo the reackom m proble 4-2. In this fava) too molecules must callide with a faery general arientahan. Also, relatively Fer bonds are broken and ficmed In contrast, He reach in problem 4-2 requires that 3 molecules Simultaneously collide in a specific orientation ‘and that 3 honds rust be beaken (oF these a double hond) and 4 bonds must he Formed. In general double bonds ace more dk fReult te break than single bonds: PROBLEM 4-4- Given: CH to, = Che + Hos ust + Factors important in determing whether or at a. reachon aceurs tering. m/FiSON.. ANSWER 1 1. A proper ocientdlisn befveen The- allidinge partners iS importarG. “In This partrealar Case, the tetragenal stoustive. off CHy offers on Hatem at each corner, 2. The two molecules need ts sollide vita suPicieat energy ts inrhate. The. pearrange- mat of chemical Bonds. PROBLEM «4-5 GIVEN: The ommll oxidation reaction of propane K Gh + 50, > 300, + 4HLo The flloomg sjebal mechanism has been proposed for this reckon ! ; 6s maton’ ke 86510" op(-2E) (GKY [ox] there os units are emplayed . Fixd: 2) order of reaction sith respect to propane 3) order of reaction with respect to onyqen <) overall order of reaction A) activation energy , Ey Assumpnons: te coefFicient K is expressed in Arrhenius - type farm AbpRatcH: The orler of the reachon can he olefermmed from the exponents of the concentration terms and the activation energy can he found from the — @xp(-30/ez) term 2) order cf reachion with cespect te propane? | QL B) order of reackon with respect fo aygen? | 1-65 2) overall order of Ceacton * Ol + 165 =} 1.7 A) achvation eneryy Ea * Assumng Arrhenius fem far K k Flopl- £7) shee [ior 30 Al] given that HS units are employed Tr comments + Remember that the glehal mechanin reveals nothing about The achial chemishy involved im a Ceaction ond is only an” trpited curvefit of experimental dab. FeobLen 4-6 GWEN! Chhal reach: Gy +20, > Products Reactioh onler: butane O15 On hb B= tle 107 (bmelln? ys Ens [25,300 BI] peek Pind: Expression tr dLGHe Ide SOLUTION) Ale gpply the debiniton of « gob! rate. las CGH. 2) é the definition of an fichenias ate coofGicient Cega #8) ¢ Clits. 4 F4H.N" Tor)" or ols / dct =o few (Exfpr Vieathal Tes” Subabhtms se AG Gs a as * ep (- 25,0 Leathe” “tox ammed: Care must te tiken te use correct unte jn evaluating IL Hed > malar ancentrahins must be Sxpasred n trol/m* 5, is BAS kT/emol- K- ProBLemM 4-7 Givens: Result fron problem 46 gp =0.9 T= (200k P= lat ul FIND é eu tho SouorIon) tte First role Mt: AL, = 64 Mey, = Whey, 6 LCase. The. malar concentraPoAs lepuined 6 evaluate cl Leytegd [bt are. founds GH * F (Om *3:TON3) > Protects» ulher 22448 = 65 //(i+estete)ip\ = '(3537 ~ 0.02827 on CHMYE1 vests 1/6) = 7-28 [537 = 0.20815 Noy = 1 0,02827- 0.2045 = 0.7676 asp Converting. KS & LX] CG. t.40) 2 [x|- ae Te, He | = LEB AT (OGRE) 0. 0182.7(0.8/0'15 ) BBIS (120) = 2.87/10 dual /m> To. = 02045001) > 2073-0 rob? Preiging result from pbs bt ~f2 5 Sb 3a relly, 25828 (Atote”” Jere (E Eat (rin) | enastf Gane, >’) 0 ‘Cay, . = -SB123 (1.4340""") (0,2942)(S.0861 10" ~ ) = -/2HR % /s-, eae EE PROBLEM 4-8 Giver: The following reactions‘ 3) co + OH > Cont H B 20+ 0, > 2c, OC tt 0, > HHH tO, d) Hoco —> H+ em €) CHy + 20, > Co, + 240 £) OH+HIM > Hot Find: dhether these reacts are global om elementary. If elementary, classify them as Unimolecular, ‘himeleculan, or termolecular Give reasons for the classifications. APPROACH: Elementary reactions must he reasonally possible based on the number of molecules invelved ma collision, the orientation oF the molecules, and the number and ppe of hoids which must be broken and formed. 1 a) Crh > Co, tH H-0 > C70 7 elementary smrce required collision is Iikely anol only one bond must be broken and two formed. The reaction is | bmary | since two molecules collide fo farm two molecules ) 20 +O, — 200, O26 a O-O = C-O since required collision, involimy 3 molecules with specife Grieatalions is unlikely ond a“ double bod must be broken and two double bods formed Se Oh HH na elementary] since reaction only requires breaking of one single ond and no specific collision combmation is required. This reacton is [Unimolecular] since it involves the decomposition of a single. species (continued) Prowiem 4-8 (continued) d) Hoco > H+ co, clenentary] reaction since only one hind must be broken for required, the reaction to occur. Ne specific collision combination is since it involves the clecompasihion oF Uni moleculac| This reaction is & Single Species. 2) CHy + 20, — Go, + 24,0 Tohal] reachon since CHy is very unlikely to callide with 2 Oy 1 CO, and 2H,0 molecules molecules to Form f) OH#H#M —> Horm [elementary] reaction since only J howd must be Formed between OW and A and required Collision is fairly hKely . This reacton 15 Termeleaular since it invelves 3 reacheits . Tio radicals (OH #H) must collide with M to transfer excess energy fo Kmehe energy of ©, thereby preventing H,0 from immedialely separating mto OH and H ‘radicals again unimelecwlar reaction (<) Comments: Note thet the reverse of a con he considered fo he termelecular at ow pressures and (F) Vice versa. Promtem 4-9 Gwen: the Fellewmg hard-sphere collision diameters, o, taken From Svehla Molecule (A H 278 Hh 2827 OH 3.47 HO 2.64 ° 3.050 or 3467 and the experimental date im Table 41 Find: a temperature eperdent expression for the sterte factor of the rote constant for the Following reactions o) HtO,—>OH+0 hb) OH4O0 > On +8 AssumPnoos: collision- theory rake coeff = three-parameter coefF and the activation energy fer the tuo coef. fs the Same. APPROACH: See Example 4.| equechig, collision theory tte coefE with the Hree-paranater coef 1 h Ea. KO) = pO oe [ES] “op[- RT ] ad AT pl: er iven equal activation ies: 3 equal actu » arecgie __AT. Pra a [HB y «) fir the reacten HtO, —- OHt+O Aziz xio” om omains he-0. Table 41 Sau = (+ 8)/a = (2209+ 3400) = 3.080 A = 3.088 x5F em MH L004 Yanele e 24 Ma OS Jom xa mlb [x10 Yodo ers) Peosiem 49 (Continued) BLY mele lee ces Yee muy C012 IF ale Mo* Nay ow ow (62,0) (83.40) fern 10% Pe Leama My #Mo, 16 x1 + $3.4 0 -0.41 141 Steric Gehor + py five) Tye P (eo eae) [2 en(ise yr 1.62 x1o¥ P=0,073 | _ at 2500 foc the reaction Az 18x10" Uhedes OhtO 0,44 bea Table 4 = 3.097 x10 % em Fra* (Ton + Tela. * (BNI #30802 = Z.0%98 2 = 22.23.10 Yoke Lr mw. ee Gon xi Way 7 =y 2) | pa Le. ess "(28.23 wo”) 28.08 uta L687 x/O™ + 29.23 x1 3) re 7 _ (8x00) T Dita pk: et Gonxie* (3.07006) f aui*y | 00st") TY 13.69 x1 at 290k P= 0.087 26.57 x10 Srrclee Comments: Note that in terms of the Steric factor, a proper collision is more likely 4o occur behueen O, and H fo farm OHO than between OH and O fo farm O, and H. A Jook at the molecular structures helps explain this # O,+H > OH FH OH F060 % +H o> O-H H > O=0 only ai O70 <4 PROBLEM 4-10 b= 282 Texp[-9ess/r] fe Met MAS CH tH HA K, (1500) = 0.00%69/ GIVEN + FIND + ke @ (St0K Solution # AE aqulibriom., Rey, = BR, hy ee eLeb IY = 4, Cab IHN] we ke cee HAM _ pat rH & Tet IIMA [ety] Recegaaing Tet X%1 = BB 4 poly defi. 4% 5 ee be oes Ay Pay Ror | PR tyeku, tng Keo gp = 28 0° (1500) exp ]-9855/)22\ (0.00365/) toh 326 be = 83/5 (/o) = (8.0 | ca FeCr ene. To tral “m3 | —s 5 CommesT : Nee hows Pentes itl our derietion ben the. deFinrtion of the dim'less Ky (Epa. 2.65). PRogiem = Yell Ke Given: The reaction OtN, > NOtN where the forward rate constant is given as* zen > Kes 182 x10" exp Tin | Fins: The rate constant as a Function of temperature over the range 18005 T< 2sooK. Plot Kp vs T . that conclusions can be drawn From this exercise ? aPreonc* Caleulnte K as a Fanction of T and plot <6 SO _&e a $00 /4IS so oo oot Noo 23494 ae 5 N09) 100, 548 Iwo 504,751 ag | a an 2200 4.85 x 10% 2300 10.38 x10% Ps | . ‘2400 20.74 x10% 2600 39.31 x 10% = ay eee goo foo 2008-2700 2400200 T (k) Conctusions Ad coMMERTS* From the abe plet it is apparent that Wo formation due f the reackm O +N) > KOTO increases dramatically as the emvebsre temperature increases, particularly ot temperatures above ~2000K. This behavior explains, in part chy exhaust gas recirculation js used in spark ignition engines (see Exenple ~ 2-9) PRoRLEM 4-/2. Giver + the falleioing mechanism for ozone (Os) preduction Ke Cl K, 0+ 0, &S 20, ka Fund: the coefficient mmotrices Vj’ and Vr" using the Convention thet species | iO, , species 2 fs O, and species 3 is O, Startmg with the compact netakion’ eipress the rafe progress Variale the species antes oe progress Variables, w, Fur the speci rrr——r—————C Rection 2: 103 #G0, + 10 = Doz + 20, +GO > vi" OQ 0 4A og, a 0 e @ ®o : 1 @ 3 @ 2 62 EMG vo tg 1 Ob) fi i ft yy Oy y= 26 i AD ree » vy! v vi" Ji* Ke (47? ~ Ky BR (%5) : puting, J toatex form far the two reachtens: 7 [e Pea) Fe POD” = by DEY Bad [x]! ] Ker Pad POD! ~ kee nF ExT [a Feng at the cous ack columns oF Yr and 41 fp 8 isle ieee i el isa [; z J] ine | i Continued) PROBLEM 4-1 (continued) for Og (j=) boo, = C1). (Ke, [Xog) (0,) Bea) ~ kn FT Be, TT ) + OD (Key (9)! Do, J [200] '~Kea Xen [ree PY) for O, (j+2) dings (D (Ko Eg) os) Po] — ko Deg) 2] (%T ) + (2) (5 et BOD De) kre lXeaT Cea] TY) for O (5-3) 04+ (D[ Res Fg) FQ, BOD Ke Doe Fe) 06.1') + (DCL Xen)! [op]? BCT Kea Coy} L%, 7 267°) this simple. example illustrates how easy ers 1B cast & mechanism ina generel framework for Cornpucter applicchons seg CHEMEA peactines. COMMENTS = Prosiem 4-13 Given: the H-0, reaction mechanism CH.1-H.20) in Chapher S Finds the coefFiciert matrices) V4i and Vi" . bo not inchde radical destruction ot the walls AssumPnons: all thiek-body enolecules, M, have the same effect ducing collisions . APPROACH: There are 20 reackons fisted in the H~O, mechaniim and these reachens involve 7 species, resulting in a 4x20 bath the reactants and products. maton for Fspecies * ly, Hy HO, OH , Hr, HO,, 0,0, , M for reackants vy Reaction HoH HO OH HO, HO, } oO. MM ' 1 ° ° oO fey ° o O° I 2 1 } ° ° o ° ° ' ° 3 oO 4 © o © 06 ° 1 ° 4 I © 0 9 6 0 ' oO 6 s 1 0 0 | o 08 ° ° ° é o 0 | o 0 0° I! ° ° 7 3° 2 oO oO °o oO ° ° t 3 oe © o 0 O z ° 1 4 ° ' 0 °o ° ° ) ° | 10 ° 1 ° t }° io ° ° 1 a o 1 6 6 o 9 0 \ U 2 ° oo ou! ° 6 ° 3 ° i.) ° ° 1 ° ° ° oy ° o 0 ° ° ! t 6 ° Is © 0 0 © 0 2 ° eo 6 I Oo 0° ° ° 1 a ° ° n o 0 9 root ° ° ° ° i ° ' @ o | o 0° ° © qa oO t oO °° 1 o oO O° oO 20 o © © 6 | CO) °} ( (continued) Peosiem 4-15 (continued) foc pradus Reaction HW, H WO OH 1,0, Ho, © C2 mM ’ o 2 0 9 0 ° ° ° ' 2 ° I 6 ° oO 1 3 ° ° 3 0 90 | © o ' ° ° 4 o 1 oO ' O° oO oO ° oo s o 1 1 © 6 ° ° ° ° ‘ oO Oo ° 2 oO o ° oO ° 7 1 6 9 © 0 ° ° ° t 3 oo 0 0 © ° ° t ' 4 o ° ° 1 o ° oO Oo I 10 oO o ! ° oO 6 oO ° t " O °o 6 OC) ' ° ° 1 2 |0 © 0 2 06 oo ° ° 3 oo | o 0 ° ! ° ° 4H jo © o t o ° ° ! ° Is oO eo 6 ° ' ° ° 1 o i o 10 0 4 oO o 0 n oO °° ' oO ° t o ° O° w }o 6 y | oO oo ° ° 9 1 6 0 0 © i ° ° ° 7% |9 0 0 ao ° ° o I Comments: Mote that one cheek to determme whether the matrices are coreect is te perform an Clement balance betveen ye and uy for ach reackon. For example Reaction S* og! HOH ’ 3H 1a SO row $ is Consistent im teems of balanemg, elements PROBLEM 4-/4 QWEN: The elementarg reoctiat mechanism i CO+0,_ =F +0 Rl Otho = 04 +04 ia, Cotokh = Oe +H BS 4rd, = C#+O RA FNC: A. Hous mang rate egas. reolal & deseribe bynamice.7 B. Oy = 2 SOLUTION * & The number o& rate- ges is egual Tre nortber of Species inuaved in Tak mechaviist.. The species ae: CO, Or, 202, 9, HO, oH, gH, Bo otf rachicals appear in R.2,235 K+. Thus, dy =- 24, Corl” + 2% Tollhol ~ ky gTeoloel + Rg (cor +, CHLoT - hy Lor ILol OmmMeeT: Note tne pearance of The factor "2" inthe first too terms oF sy Tha accunts Tor 2 OS cormed or destoged bg Rr. PROBLEM 4-15 GIVEN : FIND: HBe formation. mechanism A. Tent, reaction type/role B. Derive expessimn for Wp, 2. Derwe expression For FA. shal g-stele. SOLTION + A. Rl m+ Br, > Be +R +m RU M+ Brt+b- ~B, + mM Re Beehe > HB +H R4 W+HBr > B +H Also, RL iatahon- R32 chan propagating Rr Priieation. RA chan propagating, dissecietion (opimolecy lan) recom bination (termelec .) bimolecular bimokeewlar B. By aspect, Exe = 2%, [Br 1m] - 22, cet Em ~ ky L6H] + &, STWR C. Again, by ingpection—, = ROTH WHI = = Sou, q Tie _ by lBATMT Hikes = ty AB [HBr A COMMET? Because. ot The. enhige assecudad with ijthe use of “unimoleculen,” € culo” ae Ors, reechons are. Arepucntes EMics “disseciabiot” “reco mbination-r” PROBLEM 4-16 Giver: The fallewing chain reaction mechanism For Mo Formation ON, = dorm 0 +O. NOHO @ FInd: -) expressions For ai and aes) d a Do simplified expression for ALLA assuming steady-state (3) and equilibrium CO,,N2 , and reverse reactions negligible Q) an expression For the steady-state (100) 4) the time ts form SO ppm NO under the Fellows ceomditons + T= 200K Cnet aioe = 0.167 F/n3 ox equt = 3.025 0 Mw = 23.778 “Yee Kau, equil * 0-7 2) the reverse reaction rate coef Ficient Kip F)ushether neglect of reverse ceachm cates is reasonahle 3) fe) ee AssuupTons* ideal qes hehavior APPRaACH: 4) renchin t © EN ip £0) [4] [02] (5] rend 22 ARs Kop [W1L0.) - he [SNL (0) i eM Feschon AE [aN ox] Ke Luc] renin 22 dO» ie, HLS) + He LALA) HD «yg (10 ip GDL ~ Kp DO) he bn] 0] Gortsnued) Problem 4-16 (continued) 1) at steady-state dL) 2.9 = Ke PIO) Ke ALY) - Ke Wor) +%,.LueLe) ot neglecting reverse reachons and solving for [0] (= Kell Gox) Ks [o,) This expression can he substituted inte AGP = tg LD eng LsDCon] = Kee DL) + HeLADOOD 0,9 2 [ox] se lan dt 3) From Fiest part of by [n}= Ke Ap Ks [o.] Ke [oles] + ke [0)Q0,] = [2K¢ fe o2} J) how tong to Ficm $0 ppm 6 ghee conditions (ols dt sp t UD. ake [fey] —> Sato) > 2h feo) =2Kp (029 t for constant C6) and [02] ts (x0) 2K¢ (0) (Ya) [08)= Xoo = Xeotho Zeal aa (0) + x TERK (BY “eH a (f) 08+ Xo te A 33 - 338370) re Ket 2a" ep (BE) 9 Ponies + Lats ( FE) oes ap 50x10 = 37xi0's Dy Tae Oe | t 2 (is2 x8") exp (EG, o8*] (0726) (2 (continued) Prosem 4-16 (continued) ©) the reverse ceachion coefFicient, Kin OR. BNo+Nn Aled 00) Se = -Ke [ONIN ) + Ki, [us at at equilibrium, HOvo 50 Kye [E}La2) * Kr GDL) Ke, te0pa — , Xanlhes) Xoll 2 ume oc fe CWA Xo(Gud) hn (Yo) “Xe Soy a oct shee? Kye exp(- ea) AG = 19p,. +1954 - 19 ~L9R 2I8y AGP = 29847 ——> Kp 2 (- eet) 4.79 107 322) kK. . a] 92 xb" exp (-3 Esk: 66.7910 —> K+ Fa = ee ee Saal Ke aay Kins B64 x10" "Shoseng) Kip Zee ers Fis neslect of reverse reachon rates feasonakle Kelly] vs Kp Lee] Kell] vs Key [no) Lo] Kyp = |. 8x10" °T exp(-“#2 ) he a Y.Ox0™ Roaes at Teeok 24.07 x10" "Yes = | (63782) + 1 (ZA73S) -1 (115823) From part g § bee 2 ps Kee % a & Xe Xe, = exp (- 2) 7s ae IGE, — Laks N(e3792) + (1028) 339785 160930 ast part 160936 3 ab 9G ac) = 10.089 xlo —> Kz, = G94 x10” Kye Kae # 404.59 10° female 5 Ccontinued) PRoBLem 4-16 (continued) summary & réaction rate coefficients # Ke Zllx0° Vonde-s Kee 364 x10? Yemcler s Lag © 4.07 110% Yemen Kar = 404.59 x10? *Yfinale-S concentration, LN) + fs): Ke lOQ . Ke wh &):2 WO (26 uh M072) Keg (02x) Kae Yor) 3.08 xjo°® [1] = 94.97 xo"? Kees looking at Forwack and reverse reachans Reackon 1% ke LULL] =e Xa, (EJ (zine (rss orey(2S)"= 3.92.5 Sel Krr (WeDINT= Ke Xu LO (if) 2160" Gone oiars6"( 242). soa-ri' SEE mes “6 fh. 3x” | Ir $03.7 x07 ~ 278 ee : ;) 3/002 \. 392 u10® Kap lo \LO= he Oh Xe (Gi) =r (ore7s6 Nae08o8Yp)* 39% Lag LMO) = Kar oo % (6) = (Hor Sin0 O06 (26005 4) (es = 517 xi6" 4/2 392 «i0* = 342xU" = 75, “ SI? x07 on from the ff radios we can See that neglecta, the reverse’ reactions is appropriate, especially considering the reackons were calculated usma the Foal wilue oF 50 ppm no, At lower 100 concentrating, the th raties would be even greater 4 Lx) ene From above + [al] $9.97 15's o -4 -3 Yue GSV-GA = S4.47015"* (BEE) = 9.46 x16 = 1440 ppm PRoBLem 4-17 Given: the Peldovich reaction Cpeeblem 4-16) and the Followng additenal reactien + Neo Bs n0+H Find: a) the stesdy-stote N-adom concentration expression 8) the expression for MO formation rate , doMYdt steady-state [6] ApPRoncH = ke 3 reaches OrNr Noth N+0,—7 No +O n+ 0H SS No +H 9 AGED © kg L5G) - Kog (0) [0,) ~ Kap LAD Lor] = 0 ot sted state solving For [Ui] : [o » Ke * | a (Ox) + Keg [oH] Assapnons: equilibrium 0,02, ha,H, and OW, negligike reverse reactions, 5 AD. e DLY + Kae DLO + og DLO] substituting For (01) as Found in park a De patn + tye MELLO eof SLND) eee * (Retort on ELL) con Simapli Sying * \ Abed = Ke taboa (| t ioe ll (er [or] + Ke co) diva, = 2t_ CDI comets ¢ Note that the above expression for 2M ig He Some as that derived in problem 4/6 without the Atal > Nott Peachon, Peobliem 4-18 GIVEN: co + oS cord 58 = 11710" 795 (43 000/27 ) Mt oO, & Coa tO 3 by = 250-10" exp beoe, 000/2,7 ) T> 2000K hewn = 0-01 Ay = 68-00 ® P= satm Ip = b.43 0? FIND: Ntom or Te 2 CD reachers 4 compare ASSome + leo 27 Kon and Ko SOLUTION)? loin The. aseanipti on Tart CO is The benjnant SPeCIES, WE aan Use wi AISI straightforward lay» "First we peed “E coment Uy % [Colt [ool = tp — Epa 4.40 1 32S bene = ool! 42S" = G20 krnol lp? B35 (2000) In Since k, 46, are anes in gmel 4 a, we conypecd, [ee] = 6702-0 bmoe gmc md “yw? emo (7003 ent = 6.702" to get ne Momerically waleeling & dks 4, = jut 16 (2000) exp a) = 4.00840. yee 8,315 (20003 ha= BSU0" exp (ZEEE) = 149610" cnt lames To calulate %, Maem 2 BE poly Cae N= [Ceo wis 6102 1o7® ) 4008-0 ‘t- 3.72 loa fy = [rele aa 1496-0" 1 SO ddd Progiem 4-12 (continued) COMMENT! Here we. hwe a clear demonshation That the Corot reaction 18 much -efer- Than LO t+ Ox — Sordlers-of- magnitole faster | Penslenm 4-19 4IVEW* Voi CT) EHtoms) far Cy -air products g=09 P = latn FIN Neyeguil Arsen Thane, » er, cbar SOLUTION + We. use TPERUIL t cletermine. Ino, oe and yee N Tung (dl Wold® ace 5 ‘Iwo Tn, Kinehe pate. helt) 2% bio @ tons / Jom a och output from TREE, Sample o tute Bquil. calc. for specified Fuel, Phi, 7, & P Using Olikara/Bomen Code aca below are aa read from tbe ino £20, ith INPUr.TP. If thay do not agree, your Spur data have noi Been eatered cortect iy tedoje & ok Sh x 1.0 oecarares Aa 000598 Stmoca are 30 a HonnmeE mr 0:30 emacs i = S78 ppm mae catcmamep covmasriey oocTs POMERTTES Tha Misture Enthaley (9/kg]_ = 3 ISS Bette feat tary «dv idguonae Speclsic out facio, Ly 2 SOBRE, Meise olnealee hesske bagimon) «ese Ny = 75, a0 pam mn) toles of Ruel per Wale of Promcts = 0-08ss¢06S Come the aoe frets of epee species ae mt; 9,00000016 0: . 90900000 = 39816 2: 000000830 cr conoa237 MO; 0700059839 62: 20: 0.17266569 887172 oz: O.0863s628 32: 0172135907 PRoBLEM 4-19 (combaued.) Tk) Uno ler) Tnoep (™) Vee/ bynes Tn, ctar TS Ib00 0.0015 S918 25-17 e 3987 1800 0.15 121 Niqeot 84 wd 6B 1291 287° BAS to 139 3800 0,0366 2-273 24po (1823 6070 6.300 0.033 COMMEMTS + £. We note. that bats The Binctically - forme UO é eguilibrivm 0 conceentrahrons Spee greatly. wath bmpercture. te li The charclorishe. Ab -tormatrea Ge. Steps dramatica leg IN $oIng Fram [bb0K G 206K: From mew than Ihr B33 ms/ it. At 2400K, the amoont o& NO forme in Joms 2 nearly 73 © The eguilthriom value; while et 1606, ha No ~ermed in. lo ne. is an nusig nvbcant Hractisn ot The xe dsbrom velo . ue: figh ~tnpercture. combustion applekans hive The poterbal & produce much No. PROBLEM 4-20 Gwen: H+dz = 04+5 RI orth 2 oH +H Bw o#+ kh = hore BS FINDS ¢ Aljebra ve relations fre. Lo1, CHT, ¢0H1 ia terme of BS Ks, 3 OA Sor s Tho. AB oMeMIK ? Bs, Be, 228 ore in parkok egurlibrion SOLUTDKI! RR = Fh, ou & cla Mo.) ~ $,[otfYo] = foto _ & . Bo * Terey ge © Similarly for Pe ther 2 teachon pairs + _ [ofl] 2 BE Bez * “rare” By. @) _ Gold] _ be Fes Tole] Ge Ve sole TIL 4M Sirmuldenoously fer [oT [H1¢ Corl = Los" LHe 1 bl- 2B. Ti PeoBLem 4-20 (continued ) 34 ae i KEE OMT ? Thol* 5 and fotl = [Een Patel Commensts: The partial eguilbrom aesomption alinates The tos tar Te rali for ocarple, we. wuld adel The. thang Ktsmbination (slows) ty RI-R3: OtOTM > br +M BYE TB clehormine Me teceonbroutisn rate, ay = 4 Loot] | we con uce The subs Fam abwe.,2.e. ba, = by [Bey Beg SEAT

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