Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Gaseous mixtures __________. 1)

A) can only contain molecules
B) are all homogeneous
C) are all heterogeneous
D) can only contain isolated atoms
E) must contain both isolated atoms and molecules

2) The density of air at STP is 1.285 g/L. Which of the following cannot be used to fill a balloon that 2)
will float in air at STP?
A) HF B) CH4 C) Ne D) NO E) NH3

3) When gases are treated as real, via use of the van der Waals equation, the actual volume occupied 3)
by gas molecules __________ the pressure exerted and the attractive forces between gas molecules
__________ the pressure exerted, as compared to an ideal gas.
A) increases, decreases
B) decreases, increases
C) does not affect, decreases
D) does not affect, increases
E) increases, increases

4) A 1.44-g sample of an unknown pure gas occupies a volume of 0.335 L at a pressure of 1.00 atm 4)
and a temperature of 100.0 °C. The unknown gas is __________.
A) xenon B) neon C) helium D) krypton E) argon

5) A mixture of two gases was allowed to effuse from a container. One of the gases escaped from the 5)
container 1.43 times as fast as the other one. The two gases could have been __________.
A) Cl2 and SF6
B) CO and SF6
C) O2 and Cl2
D) CO and CO2
E) O2 and SF6

6) Zinc reacts with aqueous sulfuric acid to form hydrogen gas: 6)

Zn (s) + H2 SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)

In an experiment, 225 mL of wet H2 is collected over water at 27 °C and a barometric pressure of

748 torr. How many grams of Zn have been consumed? The vapor pressure of water at 27 °C is
26.74 torr.
A) 4.31 × 105 B) 0.567 C) 4.79 × 106 D) 431 E) 567

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 7) One significant difference between gases and liquids is that __________. 7)
A) a gas assumes the volume of its container
B) a gas may consist of both elements and compounds
C) gases are always mixtures
D) a gas is made up of molecules
E) All of the above answers are correct.

8) At STP, the ratio of the root-mean-square speed of CO2 to that of SO2 is __________. 8)
A) 2.001 B) 2.119 C) 1.456 D) 1.000 E) 1.207

9) Which one of the following gases would deviate the least from ideal gas behavior? 9)
A) Kr B) Ne C) F2 D) CO2 E) CH3 Cl

10) Of the following, __________ has the odor of rotting eggs. 10)
A) NH3 B) HCN C) CO D) NO2 E) H2S

11) Removal of __________ from the natural gas both purifies the natural gas and serves as an 11)
alternative method of production of an industrially important chemical element.
A) CO 2 B) He C) H2 S D) NH 3 E) As2 O3

12) The total pressure exerted by a mixture of 1.50 g of H 2 and 5.00 g of N2 in a 5.00-L vessel at 298 K 12)
is __________ atm.
A) 4.54 B) 5.27 C) 32.4 D) 9.08 E) 1.06

13) "Isothermal" means __________. 13)

A) at ideal temperature and pressure conditions
B) at constant temperature
C) at constant pressure
D) that ΔHrxn = 0
E) at variable temperature and pressure conditions

14) Calcium hydride (CaH2 ) reacts with water to form hydrogen gas: 14)

CaH2 (s) + 2H 2 O (l) → Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + 2H 2 (g)

How many grams of CaH2 are needed to generate 48.0 L of H2 gas at a pressure of 0.888 atm and
a temperature of 32 °C?
A) 0.851 B) 35.8 C) 143 D) 50.7 E) 71.7

15) A 255 mL round-bottom flask is weighed and found to have a mass of 114.85 g. A few milliliters 15)
of an easily vaporized liquid are added to the flask and the flask is immersed in a boiling water
bath. All of the liquid vaporizes at the boiling temperature of water, filling the flask with vapor.
When all of the liquid has vaporized, the flask is removed from the bath, cooled, dried, and
reweighed. The new mass of the flask and the condensed vapor is 115.23 g. Which of the
following compounds could the liquid be? (Assume the ambient pressure is 1 atm.)
A) C2 H6 B) C2 H5 OH C) C3H7 OH D) C4 H9 OH E) C4 H10

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16) At 333 K, which of the pairs of gases below would have the most nearly identical rates of effusion? 16)
A) CO and CO2
B) N2 O and NO2
C) N2 and O2
D) NO2 and N2 O4
E) CO and N2

17) Arrange the following gases in order of increasing average molecular speed at 25 °C. 17)

Cl2 , O2, F2, N2

A) Cl2 < F2 < N2 < O2

B) N2 < F2 < Cl2 < O2
C) Cl2 < O2 < F2 < N2
D) Cl2 < F2 < O2 < N2
E) F2 < O2 < N2 < Cl2

18) A tank containing both HF and HBr gases developed a leak. The ratio of the rate of effusion of HF 18)
to the rate of effusion of HBr is __________.
A) 0.247 B) 16.3 C) 0.497 D) 4.04 E) 2.01

19) In ideal gas equation calculations, expressing pressure in Pascals (Pa), necessitates the use of the 19)
gas constant, R, equal to __________.
A) 0.08206 atm L mol-1 K -1
B) 8.314 J mol-1 K -1
C) 1.987 cal mol-1 K -1
D) 62.36 L torr mol-1 K -1
E) none of the above

20) Which statement about atmospheric pressure is false? 20)

A) The warmer the air, the lower the atmospheric pressure.
B) Air actually has weight.
C) Atmospheric pressure prevents water in lakes, rivers, and oceans from boiling away.
D) As air becomes thinner, its density decreases.
E) With an increase in altitude, atmospheric pressure increases as well.

21) Which noble gas is expected to show the largest deviations from the ideal gas behavior? 21)
A) neon B) xenon C) argon D) krypton E) helium

22) The average kinetic energy of the particles of a gas is directly proportional to __________. 22)
A) the square of the rms speed
B) the square root of the rms speed
C) the rms speed
D) the particle mass
E) the square of the particle mass

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23) Molecular compounds of low molecular weight tend to be gases at room temperature. Which of 23)
the following is most likely not a gas at room temperature?
A) HCl B) CH4 C) LiCl D) Cl2 E) H2

24) The density of nitric oxide (NO) gas at 1.21 atm and 54.1 °C is __________ g/L. 24)
A) 0.0451 B) 0.740 C) 8.2 D) 0.273 E) 1.35

25) According to kinetic-molecular theory, in which of the following gases will the root-mean-square 25)
speed of the molecules be the highest at 200 °C?
A) H2 O
B) SF6
C) Cl2
D) HCl
E) None. The molecules of all gases have the same root-mean -square speed at any given
temperature.

26) Of the following gases, __________ will have the greatest rate of effusion at a given temperature. 26)
A) HCl B) CH4 C) NH3 D) Ar E) HBr

27) The molar volume of a gas at STP is __________ L. 27)

A) 62.36 B) 0.08206 C) 1.00 D) 14.7 E) 22.4

28) According to kinetic-molecular theory, if the temperature of a gas is raised from 100 °C to 200 °C, 28)
the average kinetic energy of the gas will __________.
A) increase by a factor of 1.27
B) double
C) increase by a factor of 100
D) decrease by a factor of 100
E) decrease by half

29) Of the following, __________ has a slight odor of bitter almonds and is toxic. 29)
A) CO B) NH3 C) HCN D) N 2 O E) CH4

30) The first person to investigate the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume was 30)
__________.
A) Lord Kelvin
B) Jacques Charles
C) Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
D) Amadeo Avogadro
E) Robert Boyle

31) Which of the following statements about gases is false? 31)

A) Distances between molecules of gas are very large compared to bond distances within
molecules.
B) Non-reacting gas mixtures are homogeneous.
C) Gases expand spontaneously to fill the container they are placed in.
D) Gases are highly compressible.
E) All gases are colorless and odorless at room temperature.

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32) Arrange the following gases in order of increasing average molecular speed at 25 °C. 32)

He, O2 , CO2, N2

A) CO2 < O2 < N2 < He

B) CO2 < He < N 2 < O2
C) CO2 < N 2 < O2 < He
D) He < O2 < N2 < CO2
E) He < N 2 < O2 < CO2

33) A sample of oxygen gas was found to effuse at a rate equal to two times that of an unknown gas. 33)
The molecular weight of the unknown gas is __________ g/mol.
A) 128 B) 8 C) 8.0 D) 16 E) 64

34) The van der Waals equation for real gases recognizes that __________. 34)
A) gas particles have non-zero volumes and interact with each other
B) the non-zero volumes of gas particles effectively decrease the amount of "empty space"
between them
C) the molecular attractions between particles of gas decreases the pressure exerted by the gas
D) molar volumes of gases of different types are different
E) all of the above statements are true

35) Which one of the following gases would have the highest average molecular speed at 25 °C? 35)
A) SF6 B) CO2 C) CH4 D) N 2 E) O2

36) The density of chlorine gas at 1.21 atm and 34.9 °C is __________ g/L. 36)
A) 0.0479 B) 1.70 C) 0.295 D) 3.39 E) 0.423

37) An ideal gas differs from a real gas in that the molecules of an ideal gas __________. 37)
A) have an average molecular mass
B) have no attraction for one another
C) have appreciable molecular volumes
D) have a molecular weight of zero
E) have no kinetic energy

38) The pressure exerted by a column of liquid is equal to the product of the height of the column 38)
times the gravitational constant times the density of the liquid, P = ghd. How high a column of
water (d = 1.0 g/mL) would be supported by a pressure that supports a 713 mm column of
mercury (d = 13.6 g/mL)?
A) 1.2 × 104 mm
B) 713 mm
C) 52 mm
D) 9.7 × 103 mm
E) 14 mm

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39) Of the following, __________ is a correct statement of Boyle's law. 39)
V
A) = constant
P
P
B) = constant
V
n
C) = constant
P
V
D) = constant
T
E) PV = constant

40) Of the following, __________ is a valid statement of Charles' law. 40)

A) V = constant × P
V
B) = constant
T
C) V = constant × n
P
D) = constant
T
E) PV = constant

41) The density of krypton gas at 1.21 atm and 50.0 °C is __________ g/L. 41)
A) 0.262 B) 0.295 C) 3.82 D) 0.0456 E) 7.65

42) Standard temperature and pressure (STP), in the context of gases, refers to __________. 42)
A) 298 K and 1 atm
B) 298 K and 1 torr
C) 273 K and 1 atm
D) 273 K and 1 torr
E) 273 K and 1 pascal

43) The volume of a sample of gas (2.49 g) was 752 mL at 1.98 atm and 62 °C. The gas is __________. 43)
A) Ne B) SO2 C) NH3 D) NO2 E) SO3

44) Which of the following equations shows an incorrect relationship between pressures given in terms 44)
of different units?
A) 1.20 atm = 122 kPa
B) 152 mmHg = 2.03 × 104 Pa
C) 0.760 atm = 578 mmHg
D) 1.00 atm = 760 torr
E) 1.0 torr = 2.00 mmHg

45) A mixture of carbon dioxide and an unknown gas was allowed to effuse from a container. The 45)
carbon dioxide took 1.25 times as long to escape as the unknown gas. Which one could be the
unknown gas?
A) CO B) HCl C) H2 D) SO2 E) Cl2

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46) A fixed amount of gas at 25.0 °C occupies a volume of 10.0 L when the pressure is 629 torr. Use 46)
Charles's law to calculate the volume (L) the gas will occupy when the temperature is increased to
121 °C while maintaining the pressure at 629 torr.
A) 7.56 B) 48.4 C) 13.2 D) 2.07 E) 10.9

47) Which of the following is not part of the kinetic-molecular theory? 47)
A) The volume occupied by all of the gas molecules in a container is negligible compared to the
volume of the container.
B) Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are negligible.
C) Collisions between gas molecules do not result in the loss of energy.
D) Gases consist of molecules in continuous, random motion.
E) Atoms are neither created nor destroyed by ordinary chemical reactions.

48) A fixed amount of gas at 25.0 °C occupies a volume of 10.0 L when the pressure is 667 torr. Use 48)
Boyle's law to calculate the pressure (torr) when the volume is reduced to 7.88 L at a constant
temperature of 25.0 °C.
A) 0.118 B) 1.11 C) 846 D) 526 E) 5.26 × 104

49) Of the following gases, __________ has density of 2.104 g/L at 303 K and 1.31 atm. 49)
A) Xe B) He C) Ne D) Ar E) Kr

50) Of the following, only __________ is impossible for an ideal gas. 50)
A) V 1 T1 = V 2 T2
V1 T1
B) =
V2 T2
V1 V2
C) =
T1 T2
V1 T1
D) = =0
V2 T2
T2
E) V 2 = V
T1 1

51) Which one of the following is a valid statement of Avogadro's law? 51)
A) V = constant × n
P
B) = constant
T
C) V = constant × P
V
D) = constant
T
E) PV = constant

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52) The pressure exerted by a column of liquid is equal to the product of the height of the column 52)
times the gravitational constant times the density of the liquid, P = ghd. How high a column of
methanol (d = 0.79 g/mL) would be supported by a pressure that supports a 713 mm column of
mercury (d = 13.6 g/mL)?
A) 41 mm
B) 1.2 × 104 mm
C) 713 mm
D) 9.7 × 103 mm
E) 17 mm

53) The volume of an ideal gas is zero at __________. 53)

A) -273 °C B) -45 °F C) 0 °C D) -363 K E) -273 K

54) The kinetic-molecular theory predicts that pressure rises as the temperature of a gas increases 54)
because __________.
A) the gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall
B) the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules decreases
C) the gas molecules collide less frequently with the wall
D) the gas molecules collide more energetically with the wall
E) both the gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall and the gas molecules collide
more energetically with the wall

55) A sample of an unknown volatile liquid was injected into a Dumas flask (m flask = 27.0928 g, 55)
V flask = 0.1040 L) and heated until no visible traces of the liquid could be found. The flask and its
contents were then rapidly cooled and reweighed (m flask+vapor = 27.4593 g). The atmospheric
pressure and temperature during the experiment were 0.976 atm and 18.0 °C, respectively. The
unknown volatile liquid was __________.
A) C7 H16 B) C6 H14 C) C6H12 D) C7 H14 E) C6 H6

56) The density of __________ is 0.900 g/L at STP. 56)

A) N2 B) Ne C) CH4 D) NO E) CO

57) A real gas will behave most like an ideal gas under conditions of __________. 57)
A) high temperature and high pressure
B) high temperature and low pressure
C) low temperature and low pressure
D) STP
E) low temperature and high pressure

58) Of the following, __________ is a greenhouse gas. 58)

A) Cl2 B) Xe C) O2 D) CH4 E) C2 H4

59) Which statement about ideal behavior of gases is false? 59)

A) All particles in the ideal gas behave independently of each other.
B) Volume of 2.00 moles of oxygen gas, O2 , is assumed to be the same as that of 2.00 moles of
carbon dioxide gas, CO 2, as long as the temperature and pressure conditions are the same.
C) At low densities all gases have similar properties.
D) Gas ideality assumes that there are no interactions between gas particles.
E) Low pressures and high temperatures typically cause deviations from the ideal gas behavior.

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60) A sample of oxygen gas (O2 ) was found to effuse at a rate equal to three times that of an unknown 60)
gas. The molecular weight of the unknown gas is __________ g/mol.
A) 96 B) 4 C) 55 D) 10.7 E) 288

61) If one was told that their blood pressure was 130/80, their systolic pressure was __________. 61)
A) 80 Pa
B) 130 mmHg
C) 80 psi
D) 130 Pa
E) 80 mmHg

62) Zinc reacts with aqueous sulfuric acid to form hydrogen gas: 62)

Zn (s) + H2 SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)

In an experiment, 201 mL of wet H2 is collected over water at 27 °C and a barometric pressure of

733 torr. The vapor pressure of water at 27 °C is 26.74 torr. The partial pressure of hydrogen in this
experiment is __________ atm.
A) 760 B) 0.929 C) 0.964 D) 1.00 E) 706

63) How much faster does 235UF6 effuse than 238 UF6 ? 63)
A) 1.013 times as fast
B) 1.004 times as fast
C) 1.018 times as fast
D) 1.006 times as fast
E) 1.009 times as fast

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Answer Key
Testname: CHAPTER 10 REVIEW

1) B
2) D
3) A
4) A
5) A
6) B
7) A
8) E
9) B
10) E
11) C
12) A
13) B
14) B
15) B
16) E
17) D
18) E
19) B
20) E
21) B
22) A
23) C
24) E
25) A
26) B
27) E
28) A
29) C
30) E
31) E
32) A
33) A
34) E
35) C
36) D
37) B
38) D
39) E
40) B
41) C
42) C
43) D
44) E
45) A
46) C
47) E
48) C
49) D
50) A
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Answer Key
Testname: CHAPTER 10 REVIEW

51) A
52) B
53) A
54) E
55) B
56) B
57) B
58) D
59) E
60) E
61) B
62) B
63) B

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