MODAL PERFECTS. Los Verbos Modales Perfectos Err Toe) ry Acertainty or logical MUST HAVE ‘The driver must have lost his way ‘conclusion about an event in the past. ‘emi ‘ave ‘anew car, | A 8U@sS about something which MIGHT / MAY HAVE | She might / may have bought Sas The ability to do something in COULD HAVE ‘You could have avoided that accident. | the past, but which in the end was net done. He couldn't have known about the Acertainty that something did COULDN'T HAVE =| Pe sow crepe Advice which was not followed BHOOrOTATE He should have listened to me. in the past. ‘They should have won the competition. | Expectations which were not fulfilled in the past. SHOULDN'T HAVE _| You shouldn't have gone on foot rtm thot was given after Must have + participio Se usa para expresar certeza o una conclusion légica sobre un hecho pasado Might / May have + participio Se usa para hacer una prediccién sobre algo pasado, Could have + participio Indica que hubo la posibilidad de haber hecho algo en el pasado pero que finalmente no se hizo. Couldn’t have + participio En negativa expresa la imposibilidad de que el hecho enunciado se realizara. Should have + participio Se usa para lamentar que algo no ocurrera en el pasado y que no se haya eumplido lo que esperabamos. Shouldn't have + participio Con este modal expresamos nuestra opinion critica sobre un hecho pasado indicando que no deberia haber ocurrido,Could Have Should Have Would Have Exercise | om (buy) bread but I didn’t know we needed it. {past possibility) 2 We (invite) so many people to our party! I’m ‘worried that we won't have enough room for everyone. (past negative advice / regret) ag (sturt) saving money years ago! (past advice regret) 4, We (join) you at the restaurant, but we couldn’t get a babysitter. (past willingness) 5. The weather (be) any worse! (past negative possibility) 61 (arrive) on time, even if I'd left earlier. ‘There were dreadful traffic jams all the way. (past negative possibility) 7. They, (win) the football match, but John hurt hisankle. (past possibility) 8 Amanda (finish) the work, but she fet ill and had to go home. (past willingness) 9. Luwy. (left) earlier, She missed her flight (past advice / regret) 10. We (finish) the game, even if we'd wanted to, It was raining very hard and we had to stop. (past negative possibility) Wt (cat) so much chocolate! I feel sick! (past negative advice / regret) 12. Luke (pass) the exam if he'd studied a bit more. (past possibility) 13. John (call) Amy, but he didn’t have her number. (past willingness) 14. You (be) rude to him. He"s going to be really angry now. (past negative advice / regret) 15. She. (come) to the restaurant if she'd left work earlier. (past possibility) 16. You (take) this job. I can see you're not enjoying it. (past negative advice / regret)17. The race was realy difficult. She, win) because she's not fit enough. (past negative possibility) 18, Our neighbours (cut) down the tre in their arden, 11 was a really beaurifil tree. (past negative adviee / regret) 19. The children (do) their homework last night ‘Then they wouldn't be panicking on the way to school. (past advice /rearet) 20, Pm really cold! 1 (bring) my coat. (past advice / regret) 24 (come) to see you! I didn’t know you were ill (past willingness) 22, Andrew. (g0) to Cambridge University, but he decided to travel instead. (past possibility) 23. They (be) kinder to me. They were absolutely lovely. (past negative possibility) 24, You. (buy) some milk at the shops. We don’t have any milk. (past adviee / regret) 25. They (come) to have breakfast with us, but they went to bed too late the night before. (past willingness) Look atthe following phrases and write in which type you think they are. Then use one of the modal varbs in brackets to fil the gape. the end of tha month now. (to spend NEGATIVE) TYPE 1 (2) ttthad gone to the sales, I'm sure | something, (to buy) 2 (2) Clare was very upset you didnt go to her birthday party. You {to go) 3 (J _Noone's answering the phone They ‘out. (10 90) 4 (1) Tre lights are out. They to sleep. (ogo) 5 O We Dave to the party if we had known he was in town, (oinvie) 6 O vu at Samantha. Shell never forge you. (lo shout NEGATIVE) 7 Ou : to have done some acting when I was younger. (1 love) sO vu to wash up. | would have put everything in the éishwacher. (to bother) s OC Yu ‘to the pub on Saturday. We had a great time. (1o come) 1 OC se har rio I nek sre. (change), no 0 much monoy on CDs. Youll have problems geting 12 (1) Stetoldme she you if you had given her your address. (toemaly 13, (1) Ste'sreally shy. You her you liked her. to tel) 14 ©) Ste yes to a date. You never know. (1o say) 1 1 Yu her weight. She was very upset. (to mention NEGATIVE) 1¢ (1) we. ‘80 much food. We can't eat all. (to order)