Muscles Acting on the Face Testing the Muscles of the Upper

Buccinator Extremity, 61
Corrugator supercilii Muscles Acting on the Shoulder
Scapular Abduction and Upward Rotation
Depressor anguli oris (Serratus anterior), 63
Depressor labii inferioris Scapular Elevation (Trapezius, upper fibers), 70
Scapular Adduction (Trapezius, middle
Frontalis fibers), 74
Levator labii superioris Scapular Adduction (Trapezius, lower
Masseter fibers), 73
Scapular Depression and Adduction
Mentalis (Trapezius, lower fibers), 77
Orbicularis oculi Scapular Adduction and Downward Rotation
(Rhomboids), 80
Orbicularis oris Shoulder Flexion (Anterior Deltoid and
Procerus Coracobrachialis), 86
Shoulder Extension (Latissimus dorsi, Teres
Risorius major, Posterior Deltoid), 90
Temporalis Shoulder Scaption (Deltoid and
Zygomaticus major Supraspinatus), 94
Shoulder Abduction (Middle Deltoid and
Zygomaticus minor Supraspinatus), 95
Shoulder Horizontal Abduction (Posterior
Testing the Muscles of the Neck, 13 Deltoid), 99
Shoulder Horizontal Adduction (Pectoralis
Capital Extension, 14
major), 102
Cervical Extension, 18
Shoulder External Rotation (Infraspinatus and
Combined Neck Extension (Capital plus
Teres minor), 107
Cervical), 21
Shoulder Internal Rotation (Subscapularis),
Capital Flexion, 23
110
Cervical Flexion, 26
Combined Cervical Flexion (Capital plus
Cervical), 30 Muscles Acting on the Shoulder
Combined Flexion to Isolate a Single Levator scapula
Sternocleidomastoid, 32
Cervical Rotation, 33 Pectoralis minor

Muscles Acting on the Elbow and

Muscles Acting on the Head and Forearm
Neck Elbow Flexion (Biceps, Brachialis, and
Scalenus anterior Brachioradialis), 114
Elbow Extension (Triceps brachii), 118
Scalenus medius Forearm Supination (Supinator and Biceps
Scalenus posterior brachii), 123
Forearm Pronation (Pronator teres and
Semispinalis capitis Pronator quadratus), 128
Semispinalis cervicis Muscles Acting on the Elbow and
Splenius capitis Forearm
Splenius cervicis Anconeus
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Muscles Acting on the Wrist and
Testing the Muscles of the Trunk, 35
Trunk Extension, 36 Fingers
Lumbar Spine, 38
Thoracic Spine, 39 Wrist Flexion (Flexor carpi radialis and Flexor
Lumbar and Thoracic Spine, 39 carpi ulnaris), 132
Elevation of the Pelvis, 41 Wrist Extension (Extensor carpi radialis longus,
Trunk Flexion, 44 Extensor carpi radialis brevis, and Extensor
Trunk Rotation, 49 carpi ulnaris), 137
Quiet Inspiration, 54 Finger MP Flexion (Lumbricales and
Forced Expiration, 59 Interossei), 141
Finger PIP and DIP Flexion (Flexor digitorum
superficialis and Flexor digitorum
profundus), 145
PIP Tests, 146
DIP Tests, 148
Finger MP Extension (Extensor digitorum,
Extensor indicis, Extensor digiti
minimi), 149
Finger Abduction (Dorsal interossei), 152
Finger Adduction (Palmar interossei), 155
Thumb MP and IP Flexion (Flexor pollicis
brevis and Flexor pollicis longus), 158
Thumb MP and IP Flexion Tests (Flexor
pollicis brevis), 160
Thumb IP Flexion Tests (Flexor pollicis
longus), 161
Thumb MP and IP Extension (Extensor pollicis
brevis and Extensor pollicis longus), 163
Thumb MP Extension Tests (Extensor pollicis
brevis), 164
Thumb IP Extension Tests (Extensor pollicis
longus), 166
Thumb Abduction (Abductor pollicis longus
and Abductor pollicis brevis), 168
Abductor pollicis longus Test, 169
Abductor pollicis brevis Test, 170
Thumb Adduction (Adductor pollicis), 171
Opposition (Thumb to Little Finger) (Opponens
pollicis and Opponens digiti minimi), 174
Muscles Acting on the Wrist and
Fingers
Abductor digiti minimi
Abductor pollicis brevis
Palmaris longus
Testing the Muscles of the Lower
Extremity, 179
Muscles Acting on the Low Back and
Hip
Hip Flexion (Psoas major and lliacus), 180
Hip Flexion, Abduction, and External Rotation
with Knee Flexion (Sartorius), 185
Hip Extension (Gluteus maximus and
Hamstrings), 188
Hip Extension Test to Isolate Gluteus
maximus, 192
Hip Extension Test Modified for Hip Flexion
Tightness, 194
Supine Hip Extension Test, 196
Hip Abduction (Gluteus medius and Gluteus
minimus), 198
Hip Abduction from Flexed Position (Tensor
fasciae latae), 202
Hip Adduction (Adductors magnus, brevis,
and longus, Pectineus and Gracilis), 205
Hip External Rotation (Obturators internus and
externus, Gemellae superior and inferior.
Piriformis, Quadratus femoris, Gluteus
maximus [posterior]), 209
Hip Internal Rotation (Glutei minimus and
medius, Tensor fasciae latae), 213
Muscles Acting on the Low Back and
Hip
Iliocostalis lumborum
Longissimus thoracis
Multifidus
Oblique abdominis external
Oblique abdominis internal
Quadratus lumborum
Rectus abdominis
Spinalis thoracis
Transverse abdominis
Muscles Acting on the Knee
Knee Flexion (All hamstring muscles), 216
Hamstring Muscles in Aggregate, 218
Medial Hamstring Test (Semitendinosus and
Semimembranosus), 218
Lateral Hamstring Test (Biceps femoris), 219
Knee Extension (Quadriceps femoris), 222
Muscles Acting on the Knee
Biceps femoris
Popliteus
Rectus femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Muscles Acting on the Ankle and
Foot
Ankle Plantar Flexion (Gastrocnemius and
Soleus), 226
Gastrocnemius and Soleus Test, 228
Plantar Flexion, Soleus Only, 231
Foot Dorsiflexion and Inversion (Tibialis
anterior), 234
Foot Inversion (Tibialis posterior), 237
Foot Eversion with Plantar Flexion (Peroneus
longus and Peroneus brevis), 240
Hallux and Toe MP Flexion (Lumbricales and
Flexor hallucis brevis), 243
Hallux MP Flexion (Flexor hallucisbrevis), 2 4 4
Toe MP Flexion (Lumbricales), 245
Hallux and Toe DIP and PIP Flexion (Flexor
digitorum longus, Flexor digitorum brevis, Flexor
hallucis longus), 246
Hallux and Toe MP and IP Extension (Extensor
digitorum longus and brevis, Extensor
hallucis longus), 249
Muscles Acting on the Ankle and
Foot
Abductor digiti minimi
Abductor hallicus longus
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Interossei dorsal
Interossei plantar
Peroneus tertius
Motor Point Index=> Muscles Acting 3. Externally rotates shoulder
on the Shoulder a. Infraspinatus – Externally
rotates shoulder
1. Adducts Teres minor – Externally
a. and flexes shoulder rotates shoulder
i. Coracobrachialis b. Deltoid (posterior
Adducts and flexes fibers) – Abducts, extends
shoulder and externally rotates
ii. Deltoid (anterior shoulder
fibers) – Adducts,
flexes and 4. Internally rotates shoulder
internally rotates i. Subscapularis –
shoulder Internally rotates
iii. Pectoralis major shoulder
(clavicular ii. Teres major –
portion) – Flexes Adducts and
and horizontally internally rotates
adducts shoulder shoulder
iii. Deltoid (anterior
b. and internally rotates fibers) – Adducts,
shoulder flexes and
i. Latissimus dorsi – internally rotates
Extends, adducts shoulder
and internally iv. Latissimus dorsi –
rotates shoulder Extends, adducts
ii. Pectoralis major and internally
(sternal portion) – rotates shoulder
Adducts, v. Pectoralis major
horizontally (sternal portion) –
adducts and Adducts,
internally rotates horizontally
shoulder adducts and
iii. Teres major – internally rotates
Adducts and shoulder
internally rotates
shoulder 5. Abducts scapula
a. Pectoralis minor –
2. Abducts shoulder Abducts and downwardly
a. Deltoid (middle fibers) – rotates scapula
Abducts shoulder b. Serratus anterior –
Supraspinatus – Abducts Abducts and upwardly
shoulder rotates scapula
b. Deltoid (posterior
fibers) – Abducts, extends 6. Adducts scapula
and externally rotates a. Trapezius (middle
shoulder fibers) – Adducts scapula
 b. Rhomboid major –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
Empirical Points Affecting Shoulder
Rhomboid minor – Region
Adducts, elevates and Flexor carpi ulnaris
downwardly rotates Gluteus medius #1
scapula Temporalis
c. Trapezius (lower fibers) –
Adducts and upwardly
rotates scapula
d. Levator scapula –
Elevates, adducts and
downwardly rotates
scapula, flexes cervical
spine, rotates cervical
spine to same side

7. upwardly rotates scapula

a. Trapezius (upper fibers) –
Elevates and upwardly
rotates scapula
b. Serratus anterior –
Abducts and upwardly
rotates scapula
c. Trapezius (lower fibers) –
Adducts and upwardly
rotates scapula

8. downwardly rotates scapula

a. Pectoralis minor –
Abducts and downwardly
rotates scapula
b. Rhomboid major –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
Rhomboid minor –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
c. Levator scapula –
Elevates, adducts and
downwardly rotates
scapula, flexes cervical
spine, rotates cervical
spine to same side