UNIVERSITY OF MAURITIUS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS

MAY 2015

PROGRAMME BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering (Minor:Energy

Systems)
BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering (Minor: Industrial
Systems)

MODULE NAME Electrical Machinery and Measurement

DATE Friday MODULE CODE ELEC2012Y

15 May 2015

TIME 09:30 to 12:30 DURATION 3 hours

NO. OF 6 NO. OF QUESTIONS 5

QUESTIONS SET TO BE ATTEMPTED

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Answer ANY FIVE (5) questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

1 hp = 746W
 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND MEASUREMENT – ELEC2012Y

Answer ANY FIVE (5) questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

Question 1

(a) Sketch the main components of a dc generator.

[6 marks]

(b) A dc machine (6 kW, 120 V, 1200 rpm) has the following magnetisation
characteristics.

Field current, 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
I f (A)
Armature 5 20 40 60 79 93 102 114 120 125
voltage, E a (V)

The machine parameters are: Armature resistance, R a = 0.2 Ω, field resistance, R f =

100 Ω.
The machine is driven at 1200 rpm and is separately excited. The field current is
adjusted at I f = 0.8 A. A load resistance R L = 2 Ω is connected to the a rma ture
terminals. Neglect armature reaction effect.

(i) Sketch the equivalent circuit of the dc machine.

[4 marks]
(ii) Determine the quantity k a Φ for the machine
[2 marks]
(iii) Determine E a for I f = 0.8 A
[2 marks]
(iv) Determine the armature current, I a
[2 marks]
(v) Determine the torque, T
[2 marks]
(vi) Determine the load power, P L .
[2 marks]

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 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND MEASUREMENT – ELEC2012Y

Question 2

(a) Name three types of dc motors and make a sketch of the connections.
[6 marks]

(b) A dc shunt motor (250 hp, 230 V, 435 rpm) draws a current of 862 A at full-load.

(i) Sketch the equivalent circuit of the dc motor

[4 marks]
(ii) Determine the full-load power output
[2 marks]
(iii) Determine the full-load power input
[2 marks]
(iv) Determine the total losses at full-load
[2 marks]
(v) Determine the efficiency at full-load
[2 marks]
(vi) Calculate the approximate shunt field resistance if the shunt field causes 20
% of the total losses.
[2 marks]

Question 3

(a) Explain how a secondary voltage is induced in the secondary winding of a

transformer.
[6 marks]

(b) A single phase, 100 kVA, 1000/100 V transformer gave the following test results:

Open-circuit test (HV side open)

100 V, 6.0 A, 400 W
Short-circuit test: 50V, 100A, 1800 W

(i) Determine the rated voltage and rated current for the high-voltage and
low-voltage sides
[4 marks]
(ii) Derive an approximate equivalent circuit referred to the HV side.
[10 marks]

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 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND MEASUREMENT – ELEC2012Y

Question 4

(a) Explain how the direction of rotation of a 3-phase induction motor can be
reversed.
[4 marks]

(b) A 3-phase, 208 V, 60 Hz, 20 hp, four-pole induction motor has the following
equivalent circuit parameters.
R 1 = 0.12 Ω, R’ 2 = 0.1 Ω , X 1 =X’ 2 = 0.25 Ω and X m = 10 Ω

The rotational loss is 400 W. For 5% slip, determine

(i) the motor speed in rpm and radians per sec

[2 marks]

(ii) the motor current

[3 marks]

(iii) the stator copper loss

[2 marks]

(iv) the air gap power

[2 marks]

(v) the rotor copper loss

[2 marks]

(vi) the shaft power

[2 marks]
(vii) the developed torque and the shaft torque
[2 marks]
(viii) the efficiency
[1 mark]

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 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND MEASUREMENT – ELEC2012Y

Question 5

(a) Explain how a synchronous motor starts up. When should the excitation be
applied?
[4 marks]

(b) The nameplate of a Y-connected synchronous motor has the following

information.

Hp 20,000, RPM 1800, PF 1.0

Volts 6600, Ampere 1350, Phase 3, Frequency 60 Hz
Excitation voltage 120, Amp 5.5

The per-unit synchronous reactance is X s = 0.95, and the per-unit resistance is R a =

0.012.

(i) Determine the number of poles of the synchronous motor

[2 marks]

(ii) Determine X s and R a in ohms

[2 marks]

(iii) Determine the output torque at full-load

[2 marks]

(iv) Determine the efficiency at full-load

[2 marks]

(v) Determine the rotational loss at full-load

[2 marks]

(vi) Determine the power loss in the excitation field

[2 marks]

(vii) Determine the excitation voltage, E f .

[4 marks]

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 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND MEASUREMENT – ELEC2012Y

Question 6

(a) What conditions must be met before a generator can be connected to a 3-phase
system?
[6 marks]

(b) A 30 MVA, 15 kV, 60 Hz ac generator has a synchronous reactance of 1.2 pu and a

resistance of 0.02 pu per phase.

(i) Draw the equivalent circuit of an alternator and explain the meaning of all
the parameters.
[4 marks]

(ii) Calculate the base voltage, base power and base impedance of the
generator
[4 marks]

(iii) Calculate the actual value of the synchronous reactance, per phase
[2 marks]

(iv) Calculate the actual winding resistance, per phase

[2 marks]

(v) Calculate the total full-load copper losses

[2 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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