Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MCLK On-Board
Regulator Reference
AVDD/ FullScale
DVDD Control COMP
2.5V
FREQ0 REG 12
Phase
MUX Accumulator Σ SIN
ROM
MUX 10-Bit DAC
(28 Bit)
FREQ1 REG
MSB
PHASE0 REG
PHASE1 REG MUX
DIV BY
MUX
2
VOUT
Control Register R
200 Ω
Serial Interface
&
Control Logic AD9833
FSYNC SCLK SDATA
DDS SPECIFICATIONS
Dynamic Specifications:
Signal to Noise Ratio 50 dB fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = 1.5 kHz
Total Harmonic Distortion -53 dBc fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = 1.5 kHz
Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR):
Wideband (± 2 MHz) 50 dBc fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = fMCLK/3
55 dBc fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = 0.5 MHz
NarrowBand (± 50 kHz) 72 dBc fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = fMCLK/3
75 dBc fMCLK = 25 MHz, fOUT = 0.5 MHz
Clock Feedthrough –55 dBc
Wake Up Time 1 ms
OUTPUT BUFFER
Output Rise/Fall Time 20 ns Using a 15 pF Load
Output Jitter 100 ps rms When DAC data MSB is output
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Internal Reference 1.116 1.2 1.284 V 1.2 V ± 7%
LOGIC INPUTS
VINH, Input High Voltage VDD –0.9 V +3.6 V to +5.5 V Power Supply
VDD - 0.5 V +2.7 V to +3.6 V Power Supply
2 V +2.3 V to + 2.7 V Power Supply
VINL, Input Low Voltage 0.9 V +3.6 V to +5.5 V Power Supply
0.5 V +2.3 V to + 3.6 V Power Supply
IINH, Input Current 1 µA
CIN, Input Capacitance 10 pF
CAP/2.5V COMP
REGULATOR 12
SIN VOUT
10-BIT DAC
ROM
20pF
AD9833
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS1 (VDD = +2.3 V to +5.5 V; AGND = DGND = 0 V, unless otherwise noted)
t1
MCLK
t2
t3
t5 t4
SCLK
t7 t6 t8
FSYNC
t10
t9
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.
Although the AD9833 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
ORDERING GUIDE
PIN CONFIGURATION
COMP 1 10
VOUT
VDD 2
AD9833 9 AGND
CAP/2.5V 3 8 FSYNC
TOP VIEW
DGND 4 (Not to Scale) 7 SCLK
MCLK 5 6 SDATA
PIN DESCRIPTION
TPC 1. Typical Current Consumption TPC 2. Narrow Band SFDR vs. MCLK TPC 3. Wide Band SFDR vs. MCLK
vs. MCLK Frequency Frequency Frequency
TPC 4. Wide Band SFDR vs. fOUT/fMCLK TPC 5. SNR vs. MCLK Frequency TPC 6. SNR vs. fOUT/fMCLK for
for Various MCLK Frequencies Various MCLK Frequencies
TBD
TPC 9. fMCLK = 10 MHz; fOUT = 2.4 kHz; TPC 10. fMCLK = 10 MHz; fOUT = 1.43 kHz TPC 11. fMCLK = 10 MHz; fOUT = 3.33 kHz
Frequency Word = 000FBA9 = fMCLK/7 ; = fMCLK/3 ;
Frequency Word = 2492492 Frequency Word = 5555555
TPC 12. fMCLK = 25 MHz; fOUT = 6 kHz; TPC 13. fMCLK = 25 MHz; fOUT = 60 kHz; TPC 14. fMCLK = 25 MHz; fOUT = 600 kHz;
Frequency Word = 000FBA9 Frequency Word = 009D495 Frequency Word = 0624DD3
TPC 15. fMCLK = 25 MHz; TPC 16. fMCLK = 25 MHz; TPC 17. fMCLK = 25 MHz;
fOUT = 2.4 MHz; fOUT = 3.857 MHz = fMCLK/7 ; fOUT = 8.333 MHz = fMCLK/3 ;
Frequency Word = 189374D Frequency Word = 277EE4F Frequency Word = 555475C
Output Compliance
The output compliance refers to the maximum voltage -1
that can be generated at the output of the DAC to meet PHASE
the specifications. When voltages greater than that speci- 2π
fied for the output compliance are generated, the AD9833
may not meet the specifications listed in the data sheet. 0
Spurious Free Dynamic Range
Along with the frequency of interest, harmonics of the Figure 4. Sine Wave
fundamental frequency and images of the these frequencies
are present at the output of a DDS device. The spurious Knowing that the phase of a sine wave is linear and given
free dynamic range (SFDR) refers to the largest spur or a reference interval (clock period), the phase rotation for
harmonic which is present in the band of interest. The that period can be determined.
wide band SFDR gives the magnitude of the largest har- ∆Phase = ωδt
monic or spur relative to the magnitude of the fundamental Solving for ω
frequency in the 0 to Nyquist bandwidth. The narrow band
SFDR gives the attenuation of the largest spur or harmonic ω = ∆Phase/δt = 2πf
in a bandwidth of ±200 kHz about the fundamental fre- Solving for f and substituting the reference clock
quency. frequency for the reference period (1/fMCLK = δt)
Total Harmonic Distortion f = ∆Phase x fMCLK/2π
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is the ratio of the rms The AD9833 builds the output based on this simple
sum of harmonics to the rms value of the fundameltal. For equation. A simple DDS chip can implement this
the AD9834, THD is defined as: equation with three major subcircuits:
THD = 20 log√(V22 + V32 + V42 + V52 + V62)/V1 Numerical Controlled Oscillator + Phase Modulator
where V1 is the rms amplitude of the fundamental and V2, SIN ROM
V3, V4, V5 and V6 are the rms amplitudes of the second Digital- to- Analog Convertor.
through thre sixth harmonic. Each of these sub-circuits are discussed in the following
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) section.
S/N is the ratio of the rms value of the measured output
signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components
below the Nyquist frequency, excluding the first six har-
monics and dc. The value for SNR is expressed in
decibels.
Clock Feedthrough
There will be feedthrough from the MCLK input to the
analog output. Clock feedthrough refers to the magnitude
of the MCLK signal relative to the fundamental frequency
in the AD9834’s output spectrum.
S L EEP 12
S LE EP1
A D 9833
SIN 0 (L ow Pow er)
Phase ROM
MUX
R E SET A ccu m u lator 1 10-Bit DA C
(28 B it)
M O D E + O P BITEN
1 D IG IT AL
O U TPU T VO U T
MUX
D IV B Y 0
2 (enab le)
D IV 2
O PB IT EN
DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
0 0 B28 HLB FSELECT PSELECT 0 RESET SLEEP1 SLEEP12 O PBITEN 0 DIV2 0 M ODE 0
0001 0000 0000 0000 Control word write (D15, D14 = 00);
Writing to a Frequency Register: B28 (D13) = 0; HLB (D12) = 1, i.e. MSBs
When writing to a frequency register, bits D15 and D14 0111 1111 1111 1111 FREQ0 REG write (D15, D14 = 01);
give the address of the frequency register. 14 MSBs = 3FFF
Table 4. Frequency Register Bits
Table 10: Applying the SLEEP Function Table 11: Various Outputs from VOUT
SELECT DATA
SOURCES
INITIALISATION
See Figure 7 below
DAC OUTPUT
VOUT = VREF * 18 * RLOAD/RSET * (1+ (SIN(2p(FREQREG * FMCLK * t/228 + PHASEREG/212)))
YES
CHANGE PHASE? CHANGE YES
PSELECT?
NO NO
YES CHANGE YES CHANGE PHASE
CHANGE FREQUENCY?
FSELECT? REGISTER?
NO NO YES
CHANGE FREQ
REGISTER? CHANGE DAC OUTPUT
YES FROM SIN TO RAMP?
YES
NO
CONTROL
REGISTER CHANGE OUTPUT TO
WRITE YES A DIGITAL SIGNAL?
(see Table 11) NO
APPLY RESET
RESET = 1
(See Figure 8)
SET RESET = 0
SELECT FREQUENCY REGISTERS
SELECT PHASE REGISTERS
RESET bit = 0
FSELECT = Selected Freq Register
PSELECT = Selected Phase Register
Figure 7. Initialisation
–14– REV PrG
PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL DATA
AD9833
DATA WRITE
NO
NO WRITE TO PHASE
WRITE A FULL 28-BIT WORD WRITE 14 MSBs OR LSBs
TO A FREQUENCY REGISTER? TO A FREQUENCY REGISTER? REGISTER?
YES YES
YES
(CONTROL REGISTER WRITE)
(CONTROL REGISTER WRITE)
B28 (D13) = 0
B28 (D13) = 1
HLB (D12) = 0 / 1 (16 - Bit Write)
D15, D14 = 11
D13 = 0/1 (chooses the
phase register)
WRITE 2 CONSECUTIVE WRITE A 16-BIT WORD D12 = X
16-BIT WORDS D11 ... D0 = Phase Data
(See Tables 6 & 7 for
(See Table 5 for Example) examples)
WRITE TO ANOTHER
WRITE ANOTHER FULL WRITE 14 MSBs OR LSBs PHASE REGISTER?
YES YES
28 BITS TO A TO A
FREQUENCY REGISTER? FREQUENCY REGISTER? YES
NO
NO NO
INTERFACING TO MICROPROCESSORS ister after the SPORT has been enabled. The data is
clocked out on each rising edge of the serial clock and
The AD9833 has a standard serial interface which allows clocked into the AD9833 on the SCLK falling edge.
the part to interface directly with several microprocessors.
The device uses an external serial clock to write the data/
ADSP-2101/ AD9833*
control information into the device. The serial clock can ADSP-2103*
have a frequency of 40 MHz maximum. The serial clock
can be continuous or, it can idle high or low between
TFS FSYNC
write operations. When data/control information is being
DT SDATA
written to the AD9833, FSYNC is taken low and is held
SCLK SCLK
low while the 16 bits of data are being written into the
AD9833. The FSYNC signal frames the 16 bits of infor-
mation being loaded into the AD9833.
* ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY
AD9833 to ADSP-21xx Interface
Figure 9 shows the serial interface between the AD9833 Figure 9. ADSP2101/ADSP2103 to AD9833 Interface
and the ADSP-21xx. The ADSP-21xx should be set up to
operate in the SPORT Transmit Alternate Framing Mode AD9833 to 68HC11/68L11 Interface
(TFSW = 1). The ADSP-21xx is programmed through Figure 10 shows the serial interface between the AD9833
the SPORT control register and should be configured as and the 68HC11/68L11 microcontroller. The
follows: microcontroller is configured as the master by setting bit
Internal clock operation (ISCLK = 1) MSTR in the SPCR to 1 and, this provides a serial clock
Active low framing (INVTFS = 1) on SCK while the MOSI output drives the serial data line
16-bit word length (SLEN = 15) SDATA. Since the microcontroller does not have a dedi-
Internal frame sync signal (ITFS = 1) cated frame sync pin, the FSYNC signal is derived from a
Generate a frame sync for each write (TFSR = 1). port line (PC7). The set up conditions for correct opera-
Transmission is initiated by writing a word to the Tx reg- tion of the interface are as follows:
* ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY * ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY
Figure 10. 68HC11/68L11 to AD9833 Interface Figure 12. AD9833 to DSP56002 Interface
AD9833 to 80C51/80L51 Interface
Figure 11 shows the serial interface between the AD9833
and the 80C51/80L51 microcontroller. The
microcontroller is operated in mode 0 so that TXD of the
80C51/80L51 drives SCLK of the AD9833 while RXD
drives the serial data line SDATA. The FSYNC signal is
again derived from a bit programmable pin on the port
(P3.3 being used in the diagram). When data is to be
transmitted to the AD9833, P3.3 is taken low. The AD9833 EVALUATION BOARD
80C51/80L51 transmits data in 8 bit bytes thus, only 8 The AD9833 Evaluation Board allows designers to evalu-
falling SCLK edges occur in each cycle. To load the re- ate the high performance AD9833 DDS modulator with
maining 8 bits to the AD9833, P3.3 is held low after the minimum of effort.
first 8 bits have been transmitted and a second write op- To prove that this device will meet the user's waveform
eration is initiated to transmit the second byte of data. synthesis requirements, the user only require's a power-
P3.3 is taken high following the completion of the second supply, an IBM-compatible PC and a spectrum analyser
write operation. SCLK should idle high between the two along with the evaluation board.
write operations. The 80C51/80L51 outputs the serial
data in a format which has the LSB first. The AD9833 The DDS evaluation kit includes a populated, tested
accepts the MSB first (the 4 MSBs being the control in- AD9833 printed circuit board. The evaluation board in-
formation, the next 4 bits being the address while the 8 terfaces to the parallel port of an IBM compatible PC.
LSBs contain the data when writing to a destination regis- Software is available with the evaluation board which al-
ter). Therefore, the transmit routine of the 80C51/80L51 lows the user to easily program the AD9833. A schematic
must take this into account and re-arrange the bits so that of the Evaluation board is shown in Figure 13. The soft-
the MSB is output first. ware will run on any IBM compatible PC which has
Microsoft Windows95, Windows98 or Windows ME 2000
NT™ installed.
80C51/80L51* AD9833*
Using the AD9833 Evaluation Board
The AD9833 Evaluation kit is a test system designed to
P3.3 FSYNC
simplify the evaluation of the AD9833. An application
RXD SDATA
note is also available with the evaluation board and gives
TXD SCLK full information on operating the evaluation board.
Prototyping Area
* ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY An area is available on the evaluation board for the user to
add additional circuits to the evaluation test set. Users
Figure 11. 80C51/80L51 to AD9833 Interface may want to build custom analog filters for the output or
add buffers and operational amplifiers to be used in the
1 VDD
C11
2 10m F
SCLK C2
3 DVDD J2 J3
SDATA 0.1m F DVDD VDD
4 LK1
FSYNC C1
5 C6 C8 C7 C9 C10
0.1m F
6 0.1mF 10mF 0.1m F 0.1m F 10mF
DVDD
7 3 2
C6
8 J1 0.1m F CAP VDD
1
9
2 18 7 SCLK VDD
10 SCLK
11 4 16 6 SDATA
SDATA
12 1 C3
6 14 8 COMP 0.01m F
13 FSYNC FSYNC
14 U1
15 AD9833
16 U2
VOUT
17 VOUT 10
MCLK
18 LK2 5
MCLK C4
19 DVDD
20 R1 50R
21 C5 DVDD
0.1m F
22 DGND AGND
23 U3 4 9
24 OUT
25
DGND
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Integrated Circuits
U1 AD9833BRU Links
U2 74HCT244 Lk1 Lk2 2 pin sil header
U3 OSC XTAL 25 MHz
Sockets
MCLK VOUT Sub Minature BNC Connector
Capacitors
C1 C2 100nF Ceramic Capacitor 0805
C5 C6 C7 C9 100nF Ceramic Capacitor Connectors
C3 10nF ceramic Capacitor J1 36-Pin Edge Connector
C8 C10 C11 10uF Tantalum Capacitor J2, J3 PCB Mounting Terminal Block
C4 Option for extra decoupling capacitor
Resistor
R1 51 Ω Resistor
0.122 (3.10)
0.114 (2.90)
1 6
0.122 (3.10) 0 0.199 (5.05)
0.114 (2.90) 0.187 (4.75)
1 5
PIN 1