Lorenz Vincent G.

Telebangco September 12, 2018

Grade VI- Mabini –I Output # 30

VERTEBRATE ANIMALS
1. What are vertebrate?
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes
from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine.
2. Give its characteristics.
Vertebrates are the most organized organisms on Earth. They belong to the sub-phylum Vertebrata. They
are not the most numerous group of animals, they are the most advanced group of animals. The
characteristics that makes vertebrates special are the presence of the spinal cords, vertebrae and
notochords.
3. What are the five kinds of vertebrate animals? Define each.
The five main vertebrate groups : the fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

KINDS OF CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES PICTURES/DRAWINGS

ANIMALS
 warm-blooded Lion
1.) Mammals animals. Giraffe
 Mammals are born Elephant
live. Only two Dogs
mammals hatch Cats
from eggs. Horse
 Mammals drink Sheep
milk from their Blue whale
mothers.
 Bats are the only
mammals that can
fly.

2.) Birds  Birds are warm- Chicken

blooded, have Ostrich
feathers, wings and Hummingbird
lay eggs.
 can fly with the
help of their hollow
bone.

3.) Reptiles  Reptiles are Tortoise

ectothermic, which Alligators
means they get
their body heat
from external
sources.
 Reptile’s body is
covered in scales
 cannot chew their
food, they can only
tear it.

4.) Amphibians  Amphibian means Frog, snake,

two-lives. They
spend their lives in
water and on land.
 Amphibians are
cold-blooded,
ectothermic
animals. They also
come under the
class vertebrates
(meaning they
have backbone or
spine).
 Amphibians
breathe through
  skin and they go
through
metamorphosis.
 Amphibians begin
their life in water
with gills and tails.
They develop lungs
and legs as they
grow for their land
life.

5.) Fishes  are cold-blooded Whale shark

 Fish can feel pain. Jelly fish
They have a good Gold fish
sense of taste, Star fish
sight and touch.
Many fish taste
without opening
their mouth.
Lorenz Vincent G. Telebangco September 12, 2018
Grade VI- Mabini –I Output # 31

INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS
1. What are invertebrate?
Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone or the vertebral column. Animals
without the notochord are invertebrates. Most of the animals are invertebrates

2. Give its characteristics.

The main characteristic that separates invertebrates from other organisms is the absence of the spinal column
and backbone.
They are multicelluar organisms, they completely lack cell walls.
They are devoid hard bony endoskeleton.
Due to the lack of complex skeletal systems, some invertebrates tend to be slow and small in nature.
Due to the lack of the backbone and complex nervous system the invertebrates cannot occupy multiple
environments, though they are found in the harshest of the environments.
Invertebrates live all over the world in various habitats.
Body is divided into three parts - head, thorax and the abdomen.
They do not have lungs for respiration.
Respiration is through skin.
Some invertebrate groups possess a hard, chitinous exoskeleton.
Most of them have tissues, that are specific organization of cells.
Most of them reproduce sexually by the fusion of the male and female gametes.
Few invertebrates like the sponges are sedentary, but most of the organisms are motile.
Most invertebrates are organized with symmetric body organization.
They cannot make their own food, are heterotrophs.

3. What are the 8 groups of invertebrate animals? Define each.

KINDS OF CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES PICTURES/DRAWINGS

ANIMALS
The most ancient of all Sponge
1.) Porifera animal phyla, sponges
tend to live in saltwater but
there are some notable
exceptions. They are the
simplest invertebrates.
They live in water and
filter food from the water
that surrounds them.

2.)Cnidaria are marine invertebrates in Jellyfish,

the class Anthozoa of phyl Coral
um Cnidaria. They typically
live in compact colonies of
many identical
individual polyps. The
group includes the
important reef builders that
inhabit tropical oceans and
secrete calcium
carbonate to form a hard
skeleton
3.) Mollusca  mollusks are soft Clam,
creatures that usually mussels,
reside inside a shell. oysters,
They have a muscular cuttlefish,
foot that allows them to squids,
move and hunt for food. octopuses,
Some mollusks live on slugs
land. Others live in water. snails
4.) Arthropoda Arthropods are easily the Spiders
largest group of animals on scorpions
 Earth thanks to the crabs,
inclusion of insects. They lobsters
also include arachnids, shrimp,
centipedes and ants,
crustaceans. They are bees, beetles,
found on land, in the water, butterflies, crickets,
and in the air. Some have dragonflies, flies,
legs and some have wings. grasshoppers,
. These animals possess a mosquitoes, moths,
segmented body, praying mantises
appendages and an and stick insects.
exoskeleton.
5.) Echinodermata Echinoderms notably Star fish , sea urchin,
have external skeletons. sea cucumber
They are water animals
that have a central
opening for taking in
food. These spiny, radial
marine animals .
6.) Annelids Worms live in many earthworms,
different environments. sandworms,
They have soft, tube- leeches,
shaped bodies and a ragworms,
distinct head. Some polychaete
worms even live inside worms
other animals! Others live
in the water or on land.
7 Ctenophora Ctenophores are very sea gooseberry,
similar to cnidarians; they comb jellies
usually have soft and s
gelatinous bodies. sea walnuts
8