Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2.017
NAVIGATE
Unit 1
First meetings
I yo / ˈaɪ /
You tù / ju /
He èl / hi /
She ella / ʃi /
We nosotros / wi /
You vosotros,ustedes / ju /
They ellos / ˈðeɪ /
TO BE: Ser-Estar
Affirmative
I am = I’m
He is = he’s
She is = she’s
It is = it`s
We are = we’re
Interrogative
Am I ?
Are you ?
Is he ?
Is she ?
Is it ?
Are we ?
Are you ?
Are they ?
Negative
He is not= he isn´t
It is not = it isn`t
a)Affirmative: In English all affirmative sentences start with a subject (sujeto / persona)
SUBJECT + VERB
b)Interrogative:
MODAL
HAVE + SUBJECT + … + ?
BE
Do
Did
c)Negative
1)With modals,have and be
modal
be
do not (don´t)
(don´t want)
(doesn´t write)
(didn´t visit)
MODALS
(no necesitan auxiliares para interrogativo y negativo)
OTHER WORDS
0 oh,zero / əʊ //ˈzɪərəʊ /
1 one / wʌn /
2 two / ˈtuː /
3 three / θriː /
4 four / fɔː /
5 five / faɪv /
6 six / sɪks /
7 seven / ˈsevn̩ /
8 eight / eɪt /
9 nine / naɪn /
10 ten / ten /
11 eleven / ɪˈlevn̩ /
12 twelve / twelv /
13 thirteen / ˌθɜːˈtiːn /
14 fourteen / ˌfɔːˈtiːn /
15 fifteen / ˌfɪfˈtiːn /
16 sixteen / sɪkˈstiːn /
17 seventeen / ˌsevnˈtiːn /
18 eighteen / ˌeɪˈtiːn /
19 nineteen / ˌnaɪnˈtiːn /
20 twenty / ˈtwenti /
21 twenty-one
22 twenty-two
23 twenty-three
30 thirty
31 thirty-one
40 forty
50 fifty
60 sixty
70 seventy
80 eighty
90 ninety
99 ninety-nine
78 : …………………………………………….
965: ……………………………………………
5 670: ………………………………………….
80 000: ……………………………………….
406: ……………………………………………
3 298: ………………………………………….
2 111: ………………………………………….
999:…………………………………………….
999 999:………………………………………
Ask Questions
Wh words
Sample Questions
OTHER WORDS
A /ei/- B /bi:/- C /si:/- D /di:/- E/i:/- F /ef/- G/ dʒiː / - H / eɪtʃ / - I /ai/- J / dʒeɪ / - K /kei/- L /el/-
M/em/- N /en/- O / u/- P /pi:/- Q /kju:/- R /a:/- S /es/- T /ti:/- U /ji:/- V /vi:/- W / ˈdʌbljuː / - X
/eks/- Y /wai/ -Z /zed/
……………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………..
OTHER WORDS
hi / haɪ /
Saying goodbye
See you.
Bye!
Bye ! See you later.
Bye-bye !
OTHER WORDS
1.5 Video
OTHER WORDS
hotel / ˌhəʊˈtel /
breakfast desayuno / ˈbrekfəst /
conference conferencia / ˈkɒnfərəns /
credit card tarjeta de crédito / ˈkredɪt kɑːd /
guest invitado,huésped / ɡest /
receptionist recepcionista / rɪˈsepʃənɪst /
restaurant / ˈrestrɒnt /
key llave / kiː /
to sign firmar /saɪn /
over there por allí / ˈəʊvə ðeə /
to spell deletrear /spel /
Unit 2
Questions
2.1- What´s this in English?
OTHER WORDS
Jobs
architect arquitecto / ˈɑːkɪtekt /
bank manager gerente de banco / bæŋk ˌmænɪʤə /
clerk empleado (de oficina) / klɑːk /
company director director de una compañia / ˈkʌmpəni dɪˈrektə /
doctor doctor, médico / ˈdɒktə /
dentist dentista / ˈdentɪst /
taxi driver taxista / ˈtæksi ˈdraɪvə /
hairdresser peluquero / ˈheədresə /
journalist abogado / ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst /
pilot piloto / ˈpaɪlət /
engineer ingeniero / ˌendʒɪˈnɪə /
lawyer abogado / ˈlɔːjə /
receptionist recepcionista / rɪˈsepʃənɪst /
sales representative corredor,promotor,representante / seɪlz ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv /
de ventas
secretary secretaria / ˈsekrətəri /
supervisor supervisor / ˈsuːpəvaɪzə /
typist mecanografista / ˈtaɪpɪst /
teacher maestro,profesor / ˈtiːtʃə /
singer cantante / ˈsɪŋə /
tennis player jugador de tenis / ˈtenɪs ˈpleɪə /
writer escritor / ˈraɪtə /
(top)model modelo (top) / tɒp ˈmɒdl ̩ /
student estudiante / ˈstjuːdnt /
driver conductor / ˈdraɪvə /
accountant contador / əˈkaʊntənt /
cashier cajero / kæˈʃɪə /
chef / ʃef /
cleaner personal de limpieza / ˈkliːnə /
sales assistant vendedor / seɪlz əˈsɪstənt /
(tourist) guide guía (de turismo) / ˈtʊərɪst ɡaɪd /
bouncer seguridad en discotecas / ˈbaʊnsə /
flight attendant azafata / flaɪt əˈtendənt /
mechanic mecánico / mɪˈkænɪk /
photographer fotógrafo / fəˈtɒɡrəfə /
scientist científico / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
nurse enfermera / nɜːs /
waiter mozo / ˈweɪtə /
actor / ˈæktə /
actress actriz / ˈæktrəs /
housewife ama de casa / ˈhaʊswaɪf /
retired (man/woman) jubilado/a / rɪˈtaɪəd /
waitress moza
mo / ˈweɪtrɪs /
Work places
bank banco / bæŋk /
factory fábrica / ˈfæktəri /
hotel / ˌhəʊˈtel /
office / ˈɒfɪs /
shop negocio,tienda / ʃɒp /
restaurant / ˈrestrɒnt /
hospital / ˈhɒspɪtl ̩ /
department store grandes almacenes / dɪˈpɑːtmənt stɔː /
supermarket / ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt /
travel agents agencia de viajes / ˈtrævl ̩ ˈeɪdʒənts /
night club club nocturno / naɪt klʌb /
school escuela / skuːl /
garage taller mecánico / ˈɡærɑːʒ /
newspaper diario / ˈnjuːspeɪpə /
laboratory laboratorio / ləˈbɒrətr̩i /
publishing company editorial / ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ ˈkʌmpəni /
doctor´s office /doctor´s consultorio /ˈsɜːdʒəri /
surgery
clothes shop tienda de ropa / kləʊðz ʃɒp /
gym gimnasio / dʒɪm /
library biblioteca / ˈlaɪbrəri /
chemist´s farmacia / ˈkemɪstɪz /
post office correo / pəʊst ˈɒfɪs /
bookshop librería / ˈbʊkʃɒp /
petrol station estación de servicio / ˈpetrəl ˈsteɪʃn̩ /
Articles
a un, una
an un, una (cuando la palabra
que le sigue comienza con
vocal)
the el, la, los ,las / ði: /
OTHER WORDS
Prepositions
from de,desde
*in en
*with con
*to a
*on sobre
*without sin
*for para
*at en
My little sister is at home in the morning but I am at school and my father is at work.
*of de
*after después de
*by por
e.g.“Hamlet” is a play by William Shakespeare.
en + medio de transporte
*Into dentro
Between entre
*next to al lado de
*Opposite en frente de
OTHER WORDS
five thirty-five p.m. four fifteen p.m. quarter to nine half past seven p.m. quarter past four a.m.
seven o´clock ten past six p.m. seven thirty-five a.m. twenty-five to six p.m. ten o´clock p.m.
five thirty-five p.m. four fifteen p.m. quarter to nine half past seven p.m. quarter past four a.m.
seven o´clock ten past six p.m. seven thirty-five a.m. twenty-five to six p.m. ten o´clock p.m.
4:15 22:00 8:45 18:10 7:35 17:35 16:15 7:00 19:30 17:35 19:30 17:35
1-……………….. = …………………………………………………
2-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
3-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
4-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
5-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
6-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
7-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
8-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
9-……………….. = ………………………………………………….
10-……………….. = …………………………………………………
AT night a la noche
AT present en el presente
IN en
ON sobre
UNDER abajo de
BEHIND detrás (de)
IN FRONT OF enfrente de
NEXT TO al lado de
NEAR cerca de
OPPOSITE enfrente de
BETWEEN entre
ON THE CORNER OF en la esquina de
OTHER WORDS
2.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
Unit 3
3.1- My neighbours
Have (got) : Tener
Affirmative
Interrogative
have I got ?
has he got ?
has it got ?
have we got ?
Negative
OTHER WORDS
3.2- Possessions
OTHER WORDS
3.3- Family
The Family
Husband esposo / ˈhʌzbənd /
Wife esposa / waɪf /
Mother madre / ˈmʌðə /
Father padre / ˈfɑːðə /
Child hijo/a,chico / tʃaɪld /
Son hijo (varón) / sʌn /
Daughter hija (mujer) / ˈdɔːtə /
Brother hermano / ˈbrʌðə /
Sister hermana / ˈsɪstə /
Grandparents abuelos / ˈɡrænpeərənts /
Grandmother abuela / ˈɡræn ˌmʌðə /
Grandfather abuelo / ˈɡrænfɑːðə /
Grandchildren nietos / ˈɡræntʃɪldrən /
Grandson nieto / ˈɡrænsʌn /
Granddaughter nieta / ˈɡrændɔːtə /
Uncle tío / ˈʌŋkl ̩ /
Aunt tía / ɑːnt /
nephew sobrino / ˈnevjuː /
niece sobrina / niːs /
parents-in-law suegros / ˈpeərənts lɔː /
mother-in-law suegra / ˈmʌðər ɪn lɔː /
father-in-law suegro / ˈfɑːðər ɪn lɔː /
son-in-law yerno / ˈsʌn ɪn lɔː /
daughter-in-law nuera / ˈdɔːtər ɪn lɔː /
brother-in-law cuñado / ˈbrʌðər ɪn lɔː /
sister-in-law cuñada / ˈsɪstər ɪn lɔː /
my mi / maɪ /
your tu / jə /
his su (con referencia a la tercera / hɪz /
persona masculina :He)
her su (con referencia a la tercera / hə /
persona femenina: She)
its su (para referirse a los / ɪts /
objetos,animals,etc)
our nuestro / ˈaʊə /
your vuestro,su,de ustedes / jə /
their su,de ellos / ðeə /
POSSESSION
En la frase “El auto de Jill” diferenciamos dos conceptos básicos: “El auto” = propiedad
“Jill” =dueño/propietario
Write in English
OTHER WORDS
Linkers : conectores.
Son palabras que se usan para unir dos partes de una oración
AND y
BUT pero
BECAUSE porque
SO entonces
3.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
Unit 4
My life
4.1- About me
PRESENT SIMPLE
It´s a tense that we use to express habits, routines, likes and dislikes, occupations, present
situations in general.
Affirmative
I work
You work
He works
She works
It works
We work
You work
They work
Interrogative
Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he work?
Does it work?
Do we work?
Do you work?
Do they work?
Negative
OTHER WORDS
4.2- Journeys
OTHER WORDS
Daily routine
Activities
• to get up
• to get up at / early
• to have a shower
• to have a bath
• to get dressed
• to have breakfast
• to have……for breakfast
• to make breakfast
• to have lunch
• to have tea
• to drive to work
• to cycle to school
• to do the housework
• to make my bed
• to go for a run
• to do the shopping
• to tidy my bedroom
• to go to the supermarket
• to stay in
• to watch TV
• to do / play sports
• to eat
• to want to
• to sleep
• to do the washing
• to do the washing up
• to wash up
• to talk to friends
• to exercise
• to take a bus
• to listen to music
• to do aerobics
• to go swimming
• to do the garden
• to cost
• to spend………………….
• to go out dancing
• to study English
• to study for school / university
• to do my homework
• to visit friends
• to phone …
Adverbs of frequency
Always siempre
I always get up at seven o´clock
Usually usualmente
I usually have a big breakfast
Often amenudo
I often eat a sandwich in the morning
Sometimes a veces
I sometimes go to school by car
Rarely rara vez
I rarely go to work on foot
Never nunca
I never drink coke
My routine
I always get up at six o´clock from Monday to Friday.Then, I go to the bathroom and I have a
shower. After that, I get dressed and then I have breakfast. I usually have coffee and milk with
some cookies for breakfast.
After breakfast I go to work. I usually go to work by car but sometimes I go by bus. I never go to
work on foot because my office is in another city. I always start work at seven- thirty. At twelve
o´clock I have lunch. I never have a big lunch because I don´t have a lot of time for lunch. I usually
eat pizza or hamburger but once a week I eat pasta.
After lunch, I go back to my office. I finish work at half past five. Twice a week, on Tuesday and
Thursday, I go to the gym with a friend from work. Then, I go back home. I often watch TV or
sometimes I go out with friends.
In the evening I have dinner and then I go to bed. I usually go to bed at eleven o´clock from
Monday to Friday.
OTHER WORDS
4.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
Unit 5
Style and design
Clothes / kləʊðz /
jeans / dʒiːnz /
dress vestido / dres /
hat sombrero / hæt /
jacket chaqueta / ˈdʒækɪt /
jumper / ˈdʒʌmpə /
shirt camisa / ʃɜːt /
shoes zapatos / ʃuːz /
skirt pollera / skɜːt /
top parte de arriba / tɒp /
trainers zapatillas / ˈtreɪnəz /
trousers pantalones / ˈtraʊzəz /
T-shirt remera / ˈtiː ʃɜːt /
Adjectives
excellent / ˈeksələnt /
amazing asombroso / əˈmeɪzɪŋ /
lovely encantador / ˈlʌvli /
terrible / ˈterəbl ̩ /
great genial / ˈɡreɪt /
fabulous fabuloso / ˈfæbjʊləs /
wonderful maravilloso / ˈwʌndəfəl /
horrible / ˈhɒrəbl ̩ /
awful espantoso / ˈɔːfl ̩ /
fantastic / fænˈtæstɪk /
beautiful hermoso / ˈbjuːtəfl ̩ /
big grande / bɪɡ /
different / ˈdɪfrənt /
exciting emocionante / ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ /
interesting interesante / ˈɪntrəstɪŋ /
modern moderno / ˈmɒdn̩ /
old viejo, antiguo / əʊld /
unusual poco usual / ʌnˈjuːʒʊəl /
5.3- Styles around the world
Body parts
OTHER WORDS
5.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
canal /kəˈnæl/
cheese queso /tʃiːz/
railway station estaciòn de tren /ˈreɪlweɪ ˈsteɪʃ.n̩ |
boat barco,bote /bəʊt/
wind viento /wɪnd /
Unit 6
Por ejemplo:
one orange - three oranges, a sandwich - eighteen sandwiches, an elephant - eight elephants.
Los sustantivos incontables son aquellos que no se pueden contar como unidades separadas o un
número total en plural.
Por ejemplo :
money (dinero) , rice (arroz) , todos los líquidos , bread (pan).
Con ellos, utilizamos otro sistema para contarlos, con el dinero usamos los billetes o monedas, con
el arroz los kilos, con los líquidos los litros. El sustantivo incontable nunca va en plural.
SOME / ANY :
Some:algo de (estando adelante de sustantivos incontables)
algún, algunos, algunas (estando adelante de
sustantivos contables)
SOME se usa en oraciones afirmativas
Any: en oraciones negativas quiere decir: nada de (estando adelante de sustantivos incontables)
ningún , ninguna (estando adelante de sustantivos contables)
Cuando está en oraciones interrogativas, va a significar lo mismo que Some.
OTHER WORDS
OTHER WORDS
6.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
searching bùsqueda /ˈsɜːtʃɪŋ/
chest of drawers cajonera /tʃest əv drɔːz /
bookcase librerìa /ˈbʊk keɪs /
oven horno /ˈʌvn̩ /
sink pileta /sɪŋk /
wardrobe armario /ˈwɔːdrəʊb /
window ventana /ˈwɪndəʊ /
garden jardìn /ˈɡɑːdn̩ /
village pueblo /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/
bath bañera /bɑːθ/
Unit 7
Usamos CAN/ CAN`T + VERB para hablar sobre las habilidades de las personas.
e.g. They can swim.
Usamos CAN para pedidos
e.g. Can I have some water, please?
CAN es igual para todos los sujetos (I, you, he, she, etc )
e.g. He CAN sing NOT He can sings.
OTHER WORDS
OTHER WORDS
7.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
Unit 8
Our past
AM WAS/wɒz/
IS WAS
ARE WERE/wɜː/
The PAST SIMPLEtense is used to refer to actions that happened in the past and have no
connection with the present.
* IRREGULAR VERBS
* Los verbos regulares (Regular Verbs) son aquellos a los que les agregamos ed en afirmativo para
ponerlos en pasado.
live = liveD
like = likeD
2) Cuando el verbo termina en y, precedida por una consonante, la y se cambia por una i y le
agragamos la ed
Por ejemplo:
study = studIED
try = trIED
cry = crIED
Por ejemplo:
play = playED
stay = stayED
Por ejemplo:
start = startED
act = actED
invite = invitED
decide = decidED
need = needED
add = addED
Por ejemplo:
stop = stoPPED
grab = graBBED
skip = skiPPED
rob = roBBED
* Los verbos irregulares no siguen reglas para ponerlos en pasado. La única forma de aprenderlos
es ir estudíandolos como vocabulario
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
OTHER WORDS
poor pobre
astronaut astronauta /ˈæstrənɔːt/
rich rico /rɪtʃ/
historical històrico /hɪˈstɒrɪkl ̩/
moon luna /muːn/
Por ejemplo:
(el artículo THE y la preposición OF se agregan a la fecha solamente cuando la digo , al escribirla
no debo poner ninguna de estas dos palabras)
Me me / a mí
You te / a tí
Him le / a él
Her le / a ella
It lo / la
Us nos / a nosotros
OTHER WORDS
special /ˈspeʃl ̩/
competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn̩/
monkey mono /ˈmʌŋki/
musician mùsico /mjuːˈzɪʃn̩ /
dinner cena /ˈdɪnə/
boyhood niñez /ˈbɔɪhʊd/
barbecue asado /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/
newspaper diario /ˈnjuːspeɪpə /
charity caridad /ˈtʃærɪti /
to raise recaudar /reɪz/
8.5- Video
OTHER WORDS
Unit 9
Unusual stories
OTHER WORDS
bill cuenta
tip propina
cost costo
meal comida
mistake error /mɪˈsteɪk/
millionaire millonario /ˌmɪlɪəˈneə/
rush hour hora pico /rʌʃ ˈaʊə/
miracle milagro /ˈmɪrəkl ̩/
receipt recibo /rɪˈsiːt/
retirement jubilaciòn /rɪˈtaɪəmənt/
Seasons
OTHER WORDS
feeling sentimiento /ˈfiːlɪŋ/
tent carpa /tent /
atmosphere atmòsfera /ˈætməsfɪə/
comedian comediante /kəˈmiːdɪən/
9.5- Video
OTHER WORDS