ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA

DEFINISI

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common condition seen in primary care

offices, as 1 in 4 children will have at least 1 episode of AOM by age 10 years.1
AOM results from infection of fluid that has become trapped in the middle ear.

ETIOLOGI

Acute otitis media (AOM) causes infection of bacteria. The bacteria that
most often cause AOM are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae,
and Mor-axella catarrhalis.

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS

Guidelines released by the American Academy of Pediatrics in 2013

suggest that all children aged 6 months and older with evidence of AOM and
otorrhea or severe symp-toms such as a toxic appearance, persistent otalgia for
more than 48 hours, tempera-ture greater than 39 Celsius in the last 48 hours

TREATMENT

In recent years there has been much controversy over the treatment of
AOM. Following release of the 2004 guidelines developed by the American
Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians that
recommended more watchful waiting for AOM, several studies found that
physicians were reluctant to follow these guidelines and continued to regularly
prescribe antibiotics for AOM. In 2013 updated guidelines were published by the
American Academy of Pediatrics, which included new recommendations for the
treatment of AOM.