Republic of The Philippines Repaired

Republic of the Philippines
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc Manila
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
A Plant Design
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering
Submitted by
Alexander S. Ibrahim Jr.
Jannie Diane T. Dondoyano
Sweet Gilleen P. Borromero
Jeroh Mae S. Baclaan

APPROVAL SHEET
This plant design entitled “” prepared and submitted by Baclaan, Jeroh Mae S.,
Borromeo, Sweet Gilleen P., Dondoyano, Jannie Diane T., Ibrahim, Alexander S. Jr in
partial fulfillment of the degree Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering was
examined and recommended for oral examination.
Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of
Science in Chemical Engineering by the committee on oral examination on February 27,
2018 with the rating of ______.
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of BACHELOR
OF SCIENCE IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
________________________________
ENGR. APOLINARIO S. SOLLANO
Dean, College of Engineering
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 HISTORIAL BACKGROUND
Natural glass, known as obsidian, was widely utilized by prehistoric man, and glass
has been made by people for approximately 9000 years. It was first known to be developed
in the Middle East around 7000BC, and glass bottles were made in Egypt in 1500BC. By
the Renaissance, coloured glass, crystal and mirrors had all been developed and were being
made in Venice. Glass has been manufactured in New Zealand since 1870, and continues
to be widely used despite the increase in usage of metal and plastic products for containers
and windows. It retains its popularity because of its versatility, relative cheapness, and, in
an age of depleting resources, its recyclability. Glass has two important properties. Firstly,
it does not have a definite melting point but softens gradually over a range of temperatures.
Secondly it does not cleave in a plane face like diamond or table salt. The explanation of
both these properties lies in the fact that glass has no ordered structure, but is instead a
super cooled liquid. A sheet of glass left to stand for a long time, perhaps one hundred
years, will actually flow and change its dimensions slightly.
Glass is a material with many application and products that we use every day like
for packaging (jars for food, bottles for drinks, flacon for cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals),tableware (drinking glasses, plate, cups, bowls), housing and buildings
(windows, facades, conservatory, insulation, reinforcement structures), interior design and
furniture’s (mirrors, partitions, balustrades, tables, shelves, lighting), automotive and
transport (windscreens, backlights, light weight but reinforced structural components of

cars, aircrafts, ships, renewable energy (solar-energy glass, wind turbine. Good glass sand
is over 99.5% silica (quartz).
Silica or silicon dioxide is the most common glass forming oxide and the base for
most glasses. Lime can be magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or a mixture of the two,
depending on the type of glass being made. Most lime for came for glassmaking is obtained
from mined for glassmaking is obtained from dolomite or calcite. Soda Ash is sodium
oxide, common flux added to glass. Soda ash can actually make glass soluble in water.
Feldspar is a source of alumina, which is one of the most important stabilizers added o
glass and other ingredients many compounds are added to glass for one reason or another.
Elements commonly added to glass include arsenic, antimony, barium, fluorine, iron, and
lead.
1.2 MISSION AND VISION OF THE COMPANY
1.2.1 Mission
 To supply a wide range of glass containers to satisfy the needs of the
consumers.
 To provide product in good quality with economical price using our
expertise in the design and manufacturing of glass.
 To ensure and protect the environment.
 To contribute to the local economy of the Philippines.
1.2.2 Vision
 We aim to become a local and global supplier of glass container.
 JADS Corporation dedicated to develop a good quality of glass with
consistent innovation and eco-friendly.

1.3 COMPANY NAME AND LOCATION
JADS Corporation can be located in FCIE Dasmarinas, Calabarzon Philippines.
1.4 COMPANY PROFILE
We are independent manufacturer of glass containers for the beverage and food
industries in the Philippines. We produced a diverse line of flint (clear) glass containers
for a wide variety of products, including alcoholic beverages, carbonated soft drinks,
ketchup, condiments and food products. The majority of our glass containers are produced
to customer specifications.
1.5 CUSTOMIZED GLASS CONTAINER
We can customized our glass containers to our customers' specifications, including
volume of content, shape, thickness, size of opening, or texture, and we can even
incorporate customized logos or text. Our designer team will coordinate with you to make
sure your design conform to industry standards.
1.6 MANUFACTURING DATE AND REFERENCE NUMBER
The glass container labeled a manufacturing date in glass bottle itself and the
reference number.
1.7 HAZARD CODE
The company will be adopted in GHS of Europian Union statements to protect the
environment, health issue and other hazards statements regarding glass production.
1.8 GLASS CONTAINER
Good quality glass container will be made by corporation through the advance
technology that company have.

CHAPTER 2
MARKET STUDY
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Market study performed by the researcher to had enlighten the marketing plan
regarding of selecting markets, quantity of the products, income, compete, and target
market... Market study involves gathering, analyzing and reporting the information
incorporate on the market plan. First, gathered the demand and supply of glass container
on previous years which is 2011-2016 and these data were obtain at United Nations
Commodity Trade Statistics Database. Second, analyzed the demand and supply for
projection of future demand and supply for the year 2017 to 2021 by using four different
methods such as arithmetic straight line, arithmetic geometric curve, statistical straight line
and statistical parabolic. Selecting a reliable method, the standard deviation and percent
increase/decrease computed value should be realistic. The selected method which gives the
projected value on 2021 is used in computing the actual and theoretical market share. The
actual market share of the company is 35% of the theoretical. The product market share is
multiplied of actual percent of market share and projected demand on 2021. Third, reported
all of these gathered data of demand and supply and analyzed data using the four methods
by means of tables and graphs (pie graph, line graph, bar graph and scatter graph).
2.2 GLASS DESCRIPTION
Glass container are used in the industry such as preservations of food condiments,
breweries, Coca-Cola, wine, and many other possible used. The shape and size of the glass
depends on exclusive purpose. The glass is generally corrosion resistant but it can be
corroded. The main raw materials of the glass are silica sand, soda ash, limestone and
cullet. The glass can be recycled for many times with maintained quality.
Figure 1.2-1 Glass Container
Table 1.2-1 Properties of Glass Container

Properties Values
Molecular Weight 2.5 g/mole
Appearance Transparent Supercooled Liquid
Density 2.70 – 3 g/cm3
Boiling Point 1400-1600 ºC
Refraction Index ~ 1.5
2.3 DEMAND AND SUPPLY DATA
The previous recorded data from year 2011 to 2016 of supply and demand of glass
container was used and analyzed for projection of future demand and supply of glass
container. The supply and demand of the glass are presented by graphical (bar graph) and
tabled showed below.
Table 2.3-1 Supply and Demand of Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016
Year Demand, kg Supply, kg
2011 143,187,352 31,983,370
2012 111,268,438 15,808,892
2013 123,555,473 14,707,740
2014 120,105,636 17,273,715
2015 108,578,542 19,660,391
2016 184,320,458 12,500,432

Figure 2.3-1 Supply and Demand for Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016
Demand and Supply

200,000,000
150,000,000
Amount, kg
100,000,000
50,000,000
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Demand Supply
The graph showed the large difference between supply and demand in terms of
amount. The highest amount of demand showed in year 2016 with amount of 184,320,458
kg and for the supply, the highest amount showed in year 2011 with amount of 31,983,370
kg.
2.4 DEMAND
The quantity demanded of a glass container at year 2011 to 2016 are presented
using table and graph to analyze and study the data.
Table 2.4-1 Demand of Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016
Year Demand, kg
2011 143,187,352
2012 111,268,438
2013 123,555,473
2014 120,105,636
2015 108,578,542
2016 184,320,458
Figure 2.4-1 Demand of the Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016
2.4.1 Factor Affecting the Demand
Considering some factor that can affect the supplies are necessary for a successful
market study of the company. These are the following:
 Income
Income of customer greatly influences the demand of commodities. When customer
income increases they able to buy the products and the demand increases.
 Taste and Preferences

Demand of products increases when the customer like and prefer them. If there is a
change in preferences, then there will be change in demand.
 Price Expectation
When customer expect the price of a product to increase shortly, they more likely to
purchase it when the price is fall, which the demand increase.
 Population
The number of consumer in the particular place can affect the demand of the product.
Large population can increase the demand and small population caused of decrease in
demand.
 Quality
The quality of the product is necessary to increase the demand of the product. When
the quality of the products is good the demand is increases.
2.4.2 Projection of Demand
Demand projection determined by mathematical computation using two ways and
each way consist of two different methods. Standard deviation and percentage increased
are also computed in each method. The method which yields the smallest standard
deviation and realistic percentage increased are most likely to give the most reliable
forecast.
Table 2.5-2 Projection of Supply at year 2017 to 2021 using Arithmetic and Statistical
ways
Arithmetic Statistical
Year
Geometric
Straight Line Straight Line Parabolic
Curve
2017 8,663,844.4 10,969,077.57 10,459,668.2 20,238,652.70
2018 4,777,256.8 9,586,973.794 7,986,976.256 26,333,661.76
2019 890,669.2 8,379,015.096 5,614,284.313 34,545,596.06
2020 -2,995,918.4 7,323,259.194 3,241,592.37 44,874,455.62
2021 -6,882,506 6,400,528.536 868,900.427 57,320,240.43
Standard
6,595,211.184 4,697,615.01 4,881,794.061 4,106,201.33
Deviation
% Increase - 44.86 - 12.60 - 22.90 30.00
Statistical parabolic yields the first smallest value for standard deviation which is
4,106,201.33 but the 30% increase is not realistic because based on the supply data the
trend is decreased. Arithmetic geometric curve yields the second smallest standard
deviation which is 4,697,615.01 and percentage increase is -12.60 this value is not much
realistic but more reliable compared to other methods.
Method of Projected Values

Standard Deviation % Increased
Projection for 2021
Arithmetic Straight
6,595,211.184 - 44.86 -6,882,506
Line
Arithmetic
4,697,615.01 -12.60 6,400,528.536
Geometric Curve
Statistical Straight
4,881,794.061 -22.90 868,900.427
Line
Statistical Parabolic 4,106,201.33 30.00 57,320,240.43
Table 2.5-3 Summary of Projection Supply for year 2021

The selected method with reliable and realistic is arithmetic geometric curve gives a
standard deviation of 4,697,615.01, percent increase of - 12.60 and projected values at year
2021 is 6,400,528.536.
Projection Year Arithmetic Geometric Curve
2017 10,969,077.57
2018 9,586,973.794
2019 8,379,015.096
2020 7,323,259.194
2021 6,400,528.536
Standard Deviation 4,697,615.01
% Increased -12.60
Table 2.5-4 Best Projection of Supply (Arithmetic Geometric Curve)
Figure 2.4-2 Projected Demand (Statistical Straight Line)
Statistical Straight Line

12,000,000.00
10,000,000.00
8,000,000.00
kg
2.5 SUPPLY
The quantity supply of a glass container at year 2011 to 2016 are presented using table
and graph to analyze and study the data.
Year Supply, kg
2011 31,983,370
2012 15,808,892
2013 14,707,740
2014 17,273,715
2015 19,660,391
2016 12,550,432
Table 2.5-1 Supply of Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016
Figure 2.5-1 Supply of Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016

2.5.2 FACTOR AFFECTING THE SUPPLY
Considering some factor that can affect the supplies are necessary for a successful
market study of the company. These are the following:
 Price Related
Changes in the prices of products affect the supply. A decrease of price may encourage
to other decreased.
 Cost Production
Implies that the supply of a product would decrease with increase in the cost of
production and vice versa. The supply of a product and cost of production are inversely
related to each other.
 Number of Sellers
More sellers increased supply, but fewer sellers’ decreased supply.
 Technology
A better and advanced technology increases the production of a product, which results
in the increase in the supply of the product
 Price Expectation
Sellers expectations concerning the future market conditions can directly affect the
supply. Many new products are introduced in a year with high prices. Sellers sell their
products immediately before the new products introduced sooner.
 Government and Subsidies

Different policies of government, such as fiscal policy and industrial policy, has a
greater impact on the supply of a product.
2.5.3 Projection of Supply
Supply projection determined by mathematical computation using two ways and
each way with two different methods. Standard deviation and percentage increased are also
computed each method. The method which yields the smallest standard deviation and
realistic percentage increased are most likely to give the most reliable forecast.
Table 2.5-2 Projection of Supply at year 2017 to 2021 using Arithmetic and Statistical
ways
Arithmetic Statistical
Year
Geometric
Straight Line Straight Line Parabolic
Curve
2017 8,663,844.4 10,969,077.57 10,459,668.2 20,238,652.70
2018 4,777,256.8 9,586,973.794 7,986,976.256 26,333,661.76
2019 890,669.2 8,379,015.096 5,614,284.313 34,545,596.06
2020 -2,995,918.4 7,323,259.194 3,241,592.37 44,874,455.62
2021 -6,882,506 6,400,528.536 868,900.427 57,320,240.43
Standard
6,595,211.184 4,697,615.01 4,881,794.061 4,106,201.33
Deviation
% Increase - 44.86 - 12.60 - 22.90 30.00
Statistical parabolic yields the first smallest value for standard deviation which is
4,106,201.33 but the 30% increase is not realistic because based on the supply data the
trend is decreased. Arithmetic geometric curve yields the second smallest standard
deviation which is 4,697,615.01 and percentage increase is -12.60 this value is not much
realistic but more reliable compared to other methods.

Table 2.5-3 Summary of Projection Supply for year 2021
Method of Projected Values

Standard Deviation % Increased
Projection for 2021
Arithmetic Straight
6,595,211.184 - 44.86 -6,882,506
Line
Arithmetic
4,697,615.01 -12.60 6,400,528.536
Geometric Curve
Statistical Straight
4,881,794.061 -22.90 868,900.427
Line
Statistical
4,106,201.33 30.00 57,320,240.43
Parabolic
The selected method with reliable and realistic is arithmetic geometric curve gives
a standard deviation of 4,697,615.01, percent increase of - 12.60 and projected values at
year 2021 is 6,400,528.536.
Projection Year Arithmetic Geometric Curve

2017 10,969,077.57
2018 9,586,973.794
2019 8,379,015.096
2020 7,323,259.194
2021 6,400,528.536
Standard Deviation 4,697,615.01
% Increased -12.60
Table 2.5-4 Best Projection of Supply (Arithmetic Geometric Curve)

Figure 2.5-2 Projected Supply (Arithmetic Geometric Curve)
Arithmetic Geometric Curve

12,000,000.00
10,000,000.00
8,000,000.00
Amount, kg
6,000,000.00
4,000,000.00 Projected Supply
2,000,000.00
0.00
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Year
2.6 SUMMARY OF THE BEST PROJECTION FOR DEMAND AND SUPPLY
the best projected method on year 2021 for demand and supply are 173,438,698.6
kg (statistical straight line) and 6,400,528.536 kg (arithmetic geometric curve)
respectively. The summarize result of demand and supply from preceding part of the
Supply, kg
Demand, kg
Projected Year (Arithmetic Geometric
(Statistical Straight Line)
Curve)
2017 151,250,583.7 10,969,077.57
2018 156,797,612.4 9,586,973.794
2019 162,344,641.1 8,379,015.096
2020 167,891,669.8 7,323,259.194
2021 173,438,698.6 6,400,528.536
Standard Deviation 24,204,363.65 4,697,615.01
Percent Increase 3.67 -12.60
Table 2.6-1 Summary of the Projected Supply and Demand from year 2017 up to 2021
Figure 2.6-1 Projected Demand and Supply from year 2017 up to 2021
Projected Demand and Supply

180,000,000.00
160,000,000.00
140,000,000.00
120,000,000.00
Amount, kg
100,000,000.00
80,000,000.00 Demand
60,000,000.00 Supply
40,000,000.00
20,000,000.00
0.00
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Year
2.7 EXCESS DEMAND
2.7.1 Theoretical Market Share
The theoretical market share of the glass container was calculated using the
projected value at year 2021. The obtained value were 173,438,698.6 kilograms for
demand (statistical straight line) and 6,400,528.536 kilograms for supply (arithmetic
straight line).
% 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑2021 − 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦2021

= 𝑥100
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑2021
173,438,698.6 𝑘𝑔 − 6,400,528.536 𝑘𝑔
% 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 = 𝑥100
173,438,698.6 𝑘𝑔
% 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 = 96.31 %
2.7.2 Actual Market Share
The thirty five percent of the computed percent theoretical market share at year
2021 which is 96.31% was used to computed the percent actual market share of the glass
container.
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021
= (.35)(𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 )
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 = (.35)(96.31%)

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 = 33.7085%
Table 2.7-1 Theoretical and Actual Market Share of the Glass Container
Market Share Percent, %
Theoretical 96.31
Actual 33.7085
Figure 2.7-1 Market Share of the Glass Container

2.8 PLANT CAPACITY
2.8.1 Annual Plant Capacity
Based on the percent actual market share the plant capacity computed using this
33.7085% for annual production of the plant and daily production of the plant.
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = (𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑡 𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑒2021 )(𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑2021 )
𝑘𝑔
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = (0.337085)(173,438,698.6 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟)
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
𝑘𝑔
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 58,463,583.72 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
2.8.2 Daily Plant Production
The plant capacity is the basis for computed daily production of glass bottles.
𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
300 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
𝑘𝑔
58,463,583.72 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
300 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
𝑘𝑔
𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 194,880
𝑑𝑎𝑦
2.9 TARGET MARKET
JADS Corporation targets the companies that uses glass container in their
manufacturing especially the main focus is in CALABARZON area and Metro Manila.
Also, will aim to reach the entire Philippines and eventually worldwide industries. Even
the small-scale enterprise will be considered as customers.
Also, due to increase of using of plastics, which is non-biodegradable, it creates huge
quantities of waste in landfills and also reutilizing of plastics was not simple. Thus, the
plant targets to extent the uses of glass container in the indicate place to minimize the uses
of plastics since glass is 100% recyclable. Furthermore, the plant desires to target the. The
following table are the potential target market:
Table 2.9-1 Potential Target Companies
Company Location
Sta. Rosa Laguna
Emperador Distillers
Eastwood Avenue, Quezon City
Cabuyao, Laguna
Ginebra San Miguel Inc.
Sta. Barbara Pangasinan
Destileria Limtuaco & Co. Inc. EDSA, Balintawak, Quezon City
Bel monte Italia Corp. Calamba, Laguna

Zesto Corporation Novaliches, Quezon City
Nutri Asia Inc. Taguig City
Tanduay Distillers Inc. Cabuyao, Laguna
San Miguel Purefoods Gen. Trias, Cavite, Calabarzon
Billies Marketing La Loma, Quezon City
Crown PrimeAsia Corp. Cainta, Rizal
Mondelez Phil. Inc Parañaque
Uniliver Philippines Inc. Gen. Trias, Cavite
SYSU International Inc. Panay Ave, Quezon City
Samuya Food Mfg. Inc. Pasay City
Reysons Food Processing Calauan, Laguna
Phil. Moringa & More Corp. Cainta, Rizal
Foodsphere Inc. Valenzuela City
Telstar Manufacturing Corp. Sta. Rosa Laguna
Del Monte Phil. Inc. Taguig City

2.9.1 Competition
Table 2.9-2 Competitors in Luzon (Metro Manila)
Metro Manila
Company Location
Arcya Glass Corporation Makati City
San Miguel Brewery Marulas, Valenzuela City, Metro Manila
Table 2.9-3 Competitors in Luzon (CALABARZON)
CALABARZON
Company Location
Asia Brewery Cabuyao, Laguna
Premium Packaging International Tanza, Cavite
San Miguel Yamamura Asia Corp. Imus, Cavite
Anglo Watsons Glass Inc. Calamba, Laguna

CHAPTER 3
TECHNICAL STUDY
3.1 RAW MATERIALS
3.1.1 Silica Sand
Figure 3.1-1 Silica Sand
Silica Sand (SiO2) is the name given to a group of minerals composed
solely of silicon and oxygen. Found most commonly in the crystalline state, it also
occurs in an amorphous form. Silica is hard and chemically inert and has a high
melting point, attribute to the strength of the conds between the atoms. A loose
granular material that results from the disintegration of rocks, consists of particles
smaller than gravel but coarser than silt, and is used in mortar, glass, abrasives, and
foundry molds.
Table 3.1-1 Properties of Silica Sand
Properties
Chemical Formula SiO2
Molar Mass 60.08 g/mole
Color Whitish
Refractive Index 1.5442
Specific Gravity 2.20
Melting Point <1425 ⁰C
Boiling Point 2230 ⁰C
3.1.2 Soda Ash
Figure 3.1-2 Soda Ash
Also known as sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is the water-soluble sodium salt
of carbonic acid. It most commonly occurs as a crystalline decahydrate, which
readily effloresces to form a white powder, the monohydrate. Soda ash is used as a
fluxing agent to lowers the melting temperature of the raw materials pure silica.
Table 3.1-2 Properties of Soda Ash
Properties
Chemical Formula Na2SO4
Color Colorless
Melting Point 884 ⁰C
3.1.3 Limestone
Figure 3.1-3 Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of
marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs. Limestone is an important
component in glassmaking and is used as a stabilizer which improves the
mechanical properties and physical appearance of the glass.

Table 3.1-3 Properties of Limestone
Properties
Chemical Formula CaCO3
Color Whitish
Melting Point <1425 ⁰C
3.1.4 Cullet
Figure 3.1-4 Cullet
Cullet crush (color-sorted) glass is commonly referred to as cullet, glass
recycling has involved the collection and sorting of glass by color for use in the
manufacture of new glass containers.

3.1.5 Other Additives
Table 3.1-5 List of Additives
Molar Mass Melting/Boiling Point

Materials Specific Gravity
(Gram/Mole) (℃)
Salt Cake
142.04 2.698 884 / 1.429
(Na2SO4)
Alumina
Oxide 101.96 4.0 1999 / 2210
(Al2O3)
Magnetite
159.69 5.12 1590 / 2623
(Fe2O3)
Selenium
631.68 4.26 50 / 688
(Se8)
Cobalt Oxide
74.93 5.68 895 / 900
(CoO)
Some additives of the glass production are use only to obtain the agree desire
physical properties of the glass that costumer wants.

3.2 SITE SELECTION
Factor in Selecting
Luzon Visayas Mindanao
Plant Location
Proximity to the market
Nearness to Source of
Raw Material
Availability of Services
Availability of Labor
Manpower
Climate
Legal Restriciton
Amount of Land
Required
Safety/ Securities
Community Factors
Transporting Facilities 9
Total:
LEGEND:
10 – Excellent
8 – Good
6 – Fair
4 – Poor
2 – Very Poor
3.3 FACTORS AFFECTING THE PLANT LOCATION
3.3.1 Raw Materials Location
The nearest source of silica sand was at Mabini, Batangas run by the Rock
Energy International Corporation with a distance of 90.5 km via diokno highway and
payapa road about 2 hours and 34 mins by land transportation.
Figure 3.3-1 Raw Material from Glass manufacturing plant to Mabini, Batangas
3.3.2 Markets
The food manufacturers that uses the glass containers are located from
CALABARZON and NCR area will be our potential markets like Emperador
Distillers, Uniliver Philippines Inc, and many more.
3.3.3 Energy Availability
The energy of the whole Cavite was under the electricity distributor named
Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company also known as MERALCO. Meralco
covering 36 cities and 75 municipalities including Metro Manila and it is the largest
electric distribution company in the Philippines. Also, the corporate partners of
Meralco could have a contracted capacity of at least 500kW of electricity.
3.3.4 Climate
Based from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration or PAGASA, Cavite belongs to type 1 which means from
November to end of April is the dry season and from May to end of October is the
rainy season.
3.3.5 Transportation
The plant was near to the national road which is for the plant personnel it is
convenient. Furthermore, it is easier for the trucking facilities.
3.3.6 Water Supply

The Pure Water Corporation under the Tubig Pilipinas Group, Inc runs
water distribution in Trece Martires, Gen. Trias and Tanza in Cavite. These
corporations will manage the glass manufacturing plant.
3.3.7 Water Disposal
The plant waste will be handling by Trece Martires Integrated Waste
Management Corporation located at Tanza – Trece Martires road. They utilize the
wastes by converting it into energy. The company could accommodate waste
disposal from the communities of Trece Martires, Noveleta, Cavite City, Bacoor
and GMA province of Cavite.
3.4 THE GLASS PLANT
3.4.1 Description of the plant
The proposed plant will be a glass manufacturing plant occupying a land
area roughly of 72,000 square meters with a price of 2,000/sqm.
3.4.2 Location of the Plant
The proposed plant will be located at the Conchu road, Trece Martires,
Cavite, Philippines. Also, from that food manufacturers, cullets, which are the
recycled glass are become easier to be collected. Furthermore, the place had been
selected to capture the big manufacturers that were using a glass as their containers
and it near to the national highway for easy access to the plant.
Figure 3.4-1 Actual View of the Available Lot
Figure 3.4-2 Vicinity Map of the Glass Plant
3.5 EQUIPMENT
3.5.1 Silo Solid Storage Tank with Air Filter Dust
Figure 3.5-1 Silo Solid Storage Tank with Air Filter Dust
Brand: Shandong Shuangjun Trading Co., Ltd

Load Capacity: 300 tons
Dimension (L*W*H): 43.538*24*18.704 m
Materials: Stainless Steel
Power: 60 kW
Price: Php 490,250
Description: A carbon steel silo for bulk storaging of powder raw materials for
the manufacturing of glass.
3.5.2 Solid Powder Mixer

Figure 3.5-2 Solid Powder Mixer
Brand: Yongdao/Kelong
Machine Type: Double shaft paddle mixer
Load Capacity: 1000 kg/batch
Dimension (L*W*H): 1.8*1.1*1.9 m
Power: 30 kW
Mixing Time: 3 min/batch
Turning speed: 46 rpm
Price: Php 2,800,000
Description: For mixing all the raw materials for making glass. It it high efficient,
less residues, great accuracy, and in such very short time, the materials are mixed evenly.
3.5.3 Spiral Solid Particles Washing

Figure 3.5-3 Spiral Solid Particles Washing
Brand: Longzhong Machinery

Machine Type: Particle Washer
Load Capacity: 100 tons/hr.
Dimension (L*W*H): 1.8*1.1*1.9 m
Power: 11 kW
Turning speed: 21 rpm
Water Consumption: 45 tons/hr.
Price: Php 400,000
Description: This machine is a single screw sand washing.
3.5.4 Belt Conveyor

Figure 3.5-4 Belt Conveyor
Brand: YONGLI
Machine Type: belt conveyor
Belt width: 600 mm
Power: 45 kW
Price: Php 175,000
Description: A continuously moving strip of rubber for transporting the raw
materials into the furnace. It has buffer rollers and has safety protection device. Also, it is
close for rain-proof and dust-proof.
3.5.5 Glass Screening

Figure 3.5-5 Screening
Brand: Sinolion
Machine Type: Tromel Screen
Disharge Size: 0-100 mm
Power: 7.5 kW
Price: Php 787,500
Description: Tromel Screen is used to separate the unwanted materials.
3.5.6 Magnetic Separator

Figure 3.5-6 Magnetic Separator
Brand: Longte
Machine Type: Magnetic separator
Power: 9.2 kW
Description: Tromel Screen is used to separate the unwanted materials.
3.5.7 Impact Crusher

Figure 3.5-7 Impact Crusher
Brand: Chongqing Longjian
Machine Type: Impact Crusher
Rotor Speed: 550 rpm
Power: 121 kW
Price: Php 825,000
Description: Impact crusher is a secondary crusher most effective available in industry.
3.5.8 Electric Furnace

Figure 3.5-8 Electric Furnace
Brand: HUAFU
Machine Type: Electric glass melting

furnace
Load Capacity: 80 tons/batch
Dimension (L*W*H*): 6*7*1.3 m
Power: 2800 kW
Voltage: 380 V
Description: Melting the mixture of raw materials of the glass to under go it to
its molten state with using a precise temperature for more evenly heat distribution in the
molten glass.
3.5.9 Glass Forehearth

Figure 3.5-9 Glass Forehearth
Brand: HUAFU
Machine Type: Forehearth
Load Capacity: 200 tons/day
Width: 1200 mm
Cooling mode: Indirect centerline cooling
Glass Type: Suitable for all glass colors
Description: Reducing the temperature of the molten glass for the thermal
stability and cooling capability of the container glass. Also, forehearth is for the
flexibility of the molten glass.
3.5.10 Gob Feeder

Figure 3.5-10 God Feeder
Brand: Zhengzhou Dynnor Industrial Machinery Co.

Machine Type: Gob
Spout size: 24 inches
Spout depth: 13 inches
Orifice: 7”, 8”, 11”
Price: Php 500,000
Description: Cutting machine of the molten glass with its specific size.
3.5.11 Bottle Forming

Figure 3.5-11 Bottle Forming

Max. bottle diameter: 178 mm
Min. height diameter: 40 mm
Max. height diameter: 380 mm
Max. finish diameter: 120 mm
Description: Press or to blow molten glass in molds to form to its desired shape
container that will use by other manufacturing plant as their container.
3.5.12 Electric Glass Annealing Oven

Figure 3.5-12 Electric Glass Annealing Oven

Machine type: Resistance Furnace
Dimension (L*W*H*): 26*1.8*1.5 m
Power: 240 kW
Voltage: 380 V
Heating zone: 8 m
Price: Php 500,000
Description: Slowly cooling the hot glass container after from the bottle
forming to relieve stress from the previous process. It has good insulatioon and low
energy consumption with full automatic intelligent control.
3.5.13 Automatic Conveyor Belt

Figure 3.5-13 Automatic Conveyor Belt
Brand: ASIASTAR Beverage Machinery

Machine type: vertical conveyor
Dimension (L*W*H*): Customized Size
Power: 11 kW
Load Capacity: 100 kg
Belt Speed: Adjustable
Voltage: 220V/380 V
Belt Material: Plastic Chain
Price: Php 250,000
Description: Fast and precise equipment, controlling the empty glass bottles driven by air
pressure, regularly along the preliminary orbit to the destination of the bottles with an air
blower to prevent the dust coming into the bottles.
3.5.14 Delivery Truck

Figure 3.5-14 Delivery Truck
Brand: Shiyan Tuoshen Industry & Trade Co., Ltd.
Load Capacity: 20 Tons
Size: 8640x2490x2790 mm
Fuel Type: Diesel
Drive type: 6x2
Rated power & speed: 340hp & 1900rpm
Description: Delivering all of the glass containers to the dealer.

3.8 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
3.8 MATERIAL BALANCE
FH2O = 1,367.85795 kg/hr
6,000 kg/hr
Washer 4,834.661 kg/hr D. Silica Sand
Product = 85% Dry Silica Sand

15% H2O
Washer:
Crusher:
Pcrusher= 4,123.794kg/hr.
Fcrusher1 = 2,018.855kg/hr
. RI= 2104.939kg/hr
Crusher (92.4%)
Rcrusher =339.187kg/hr
Fcrusher2 = 2,358.042kg/hr
Fcrusher 2+ 2104.939 = Rcrusher + 4123.794
Where Rcrusher = (0.076) (Fcrusher + 2104.939)
Rcrusher = 0.076Fcrusher+ 159.975364 --------- equation 2
Fcrusher2 + 2104.939 = 0.076Fcrusher + 159.975634 + 4123.794
Fcrusher2 = 2358.042 kg/hr.
Rcrusher = 339.187 kg/hr.
 Mixing Fcrusher1 , Fcrusher2 and Rcrusher
Fcrusher1 + Rcrusher = Fcrusher2
Fcrusher1 = Fcrusher – Rcrusher
Fcrusher1 = 2358.042 – 339.187kg/hr.
Fcrusher1 = 2018.855kg/hr.
Magnetic Screening:
98% removal impurities
1% losses of cullets
Fm = 2146.576kg/hr 2018. 855kg/hr of cullets

95% of cullets
Pimpurities = 2.147kg/hr
5% ofimpurities.
Magnetic Screening
Dm = 125.574kg/hr.
83.76% impurities
16.24%losses cullets
Fm= Dm + 2018.855 cullets + Pimpurities
Cullets Balance:
0.95Fm = (0.01) (0.95)Fm+ 2018.855
Fm = 2146.576 kg/hr.
Impurities Balance:
(0.05)(2146.576) = (0.05) (0.98) (2146.576) + Pimpurities
Pimpurities= 2. 147kg/hr. And Dm= 125.574kg/hr.
Inspection:
20.41% of Reject
FI = 10313.272kg/hr =
PI= 8208.333 kg/hr =
46878 bottles/hr. 37311bottles/hr.
Inspection
RI= 2104.939kg/hr =
9560bottles/hr.
FI = RI + 8203.333
RI = (0.2041) FI
FI = 0.2041FI + 8208.333
FI = 10313.272 kg/hr.
RI= 2104.939 kg/hr.
Coating:
Cc= 3.788kg/hr polyethelene
Fc = 10309.484
kg/hr Pc= 10313.272kg/hr.
Coating
Fc + Cc = Pc
Fc + 3.788 = 10313.272
Fc = 10309. 484 kg/hr.

Furnace:
Water = 682.184kg/hr.
CO2 and O2 = 1203.5766KG/HR.
Ff= 7389. kg/hr.
Furnace
Pf= 10309.484kg/hr
74% SiO2
13.05% Na2O
11.022% CaO
Cullets = 4123.794kg/hr
1% Al2O3
74% SiO2
0.1% MgO
13.05% Na2O
0.1% SO3
11.022% CaO
0.018% Fe2O3
1% Al2O3
0.71% K2O
0.1% MgO
0.1% SO3
0.018% Fe2O3
0.71% K2O
For Al2O3
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.01) = (0.18) Felspar
Feldspar = 343.649kg/hr.
For SiO2
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.74) = (0.68)(343.649kg/hr) + (0.98)(silica sand)
Silica Sand = 4432.377kg/hr.
For SO3
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.001) = (0.563) Sodium Sulfate.
Sodium Sulfate = 10.987 kg/hr.
For MgO
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.001) = (0.215) Dolomite
Dolomite = 28.77kg/hr.
For Na2O
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.1305) = (0.585) Soda Ash + (0.437)(10.987)
Soda Ash = 1371.677kg/hr.
For CaO
(10309.484)(0.60)(0.11022) = (0.56) Limestone + (0.305) (28.77)
Limestone = 1201.807 kg/hr.
Total Dry Raw Materials = 343.649+ 4432.377+ 10.987+ 28.77+ 1371.677+ 1201. 807
= 7389.267 kg/hr.
Waste = 7389.267- (10309.484)(0.6) = 1203.5766kg/hr.

CHAPTER 4
FEASIBILITY STUDY
4.1 EQUIPMENT COSTING
4.1.1 Equipment Price
Table 4.1-1 Summary of Equipment Costing
Equipment Quantity Price (Php) Total Price (Php)
Silo Solid Storage Tank 4 490,250 1,961,000
Solid Powder Mixer 1 2,800,000 2,800,000
Solid Particle Washer 1 400,000 400,000
Belt Conveyor 1 175,000 175,000
Screening 1 787,500 787,500
Magnetic Separator 1 1,125,000 1,125,000
Crusher 1 825,000 825,000
Electric Furnace 1 5,000,000 5,000,000
Glass Forehearth 1 1,200,000 1,200,000
Gob Feeder 2 500,000 1,000,000
Bottle Forming 2 3,000,000 6,000,000
Electric Annealing 1 500,000 500,000
Automatic Conveyor 1 250,000 250,000
Delivery Truck 3 1,750,000 5,250,000
Total 27,273,500
Table 4.1-1 presenting the all cost of the equipment involve in the process and the
overall cost of the process for equipment

4.2 POWER CONSUMPTION AND COSTING
Table 4.2-1 Power Consumption and Costing of all Equipment
Equipment Quantity Power (kW) Total Cost (Php)
Silo Solid Storage Tank 4 60 53,472
Solid Powder Mixer 1 30 6,684
Solid Particle Screen 1 11 2,450
Belt Conveyor 1 45 10,026
Screening 1 7.5 1,672
Magnetic Separator 1 9.2 2,049
Crusher 1 121 26,960
Electric Furnace 1 2800 623,858
Glass Forehearth 1 350 77,982
Gob Feeder 2 35 15,596
Bottle Forming 2 30 13,368
Electric Annealing 1 240 53,474
Automatic Conveyor 1 11 2,450
Total 890,041
The overall rate of the power is Php 9.2836/ kWh table 4.2-1 shown the overall
cost and power consumption for all of equipment in the process of glass. The power
consumption in table 4.2-1 are already in 24 hrs operation of the plant good for one day.
4.3 RAW MATERIALS COSTING
Table 4.3-1 Costing of Raw Materials
Quantity Per Day Price Per Quantity Price

Raw Materials
(ton/day) (Php/ton) (Php)
Silica Sand (SiO2) 116.032 4,000 233,856
Soda Ash (Na2CO3) 32.566 7,500 263,085
Limestone (CaCO3) 28.533 4,000 132,520
Cullet 97.906 3,000 175,392
Other Additives 9.103 3,000 29,232
Total 834,085
4.4 PRODUCT PRICE
𝑘𝑔 1 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒
Container Produced = (194,880 𝑑𝑎𝑦) ( 0.22𝑘𝑔 ) = 885,818 bottle/day
Base price of JADS Botte (profit excluded) = Php 5.00/bottle
Price of JADS Botte (compounded 5% annually):
1st year: price = 5.00(1 + 0.05)0 = Php 5.00/bottle
2nd year: price = 5.00(1 + 0.05)1 = Php 5.25/bottle
3rd year: price = 5.00(1 + 0.05)2 = Php 5.5125/bottle
4th year: price = 5.00(1 + 0.05)3 = Php 5.788/bottle
5th year: price = 5.00(1 + 0.05)4 = Php 6.08/bottle
4.5 DIRECT PLANT COST
Table 4.5-1 Liabilities of the Company for Total Direct Plant Cost
Liability Cost (Php)

Equipment Cost (x) 27,273,500.00
Installation (10% of x) 2,727,350.00
Instrumentation (7% of x) 1,909,145.00
Piping (6% of x) 1,636,410.00
Electrical system (6% of x) 1,636,410.00
Building expenses (5% of x) 1,363,675.00
Yard improvement (2% of x) 545,470.00
Service facilities (10 % of x) 2,727,350.00
Land 144,000,000.00
Total direct plant cost (TDPC) 183,819,310.00
4.6 INDIRECT PLANT COST
Table 4.2-1 Liabilities of the Company for Total Indirect Plant Cost
Liability Cost (Php)
Engineering and supervision ( 9% of TDPC) 16,543,737.90
Construction expenses (11% of TDPC) 20,220,124.10
Legal expenses (2% of TDPC) 3,676,386.20
Contractor’s fee ( 4% of TDPC) 7,352,772.40
Contingency (8% of TDPC) 14,705,544.80
Total indirect plant cost (TIPC) 62,498,565.40
4.7 TRANSPORTATION COST
4.8 FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Fixed capital investment: FCI = TDPC + TIPC
FCI = Php 183,819,310.00 + Php 62,498,565.40
FCI = Php 246,317,875.40
4.9 WORKING CAPITAL
Working capital = 30% of FCI

Working capital = (0.3) × 246,317,875.40
Working capital = Php 73,895,362.62
4.10 TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Total capital investment = FCI + working capital
Total capital investment = Php 246,317,875.40 + Php 73,895,362.62
Total capital investment = Php 320,213,238
4.11 UTILITIES
𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 𝑃ℎ𝑝 24.81 1ℎ𝑟 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑦

Water consumption = (6000 ℎ𝑟 ) (1000𝑘𝑔) ( )( )( )+
𝑚3 1𝑑𝑎𝑦 1𝑦𝑟
𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 𝑃ℎ𝑝 24.81 23ℎ𝑟 300 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

(1217.966 ℎ𝑟 ) (1000𝑘𝑔) ( ) (1𝑑𝑎𝑦)( ) = Php 208,651.24/yr
𝑚3 1𝑦𝑟
34,999.79 300 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

Electricity consumption = Php ( ) = Php 10,499,937/yr
day 1𝑦𝑟
Utilities = water consumption + electricity consumption
Utilities = Php 208,651.24/yr + Php 10,499,937/yr
Utilities = Php 10,708,588.24

4.12 DIRECT PRODUCT COST
Table 4.9-1 Components of Direct Product Cost
Component Cost per day (Php)

Raw Materials 834,085.00
Operating Labor (OL) 38,760.00
Operating supervisor (15% of OL) 102,012.50
Utilities 35,695.29
Laboratory charges (10% of OL) 72,675
Total direct product cost 1,083,227.79
4.13 DEPRECIATION
Depreciation = (0.1 × FCI) + (0.03 × Bldg)
Depreciation = (0.1 × 255,366,228.40) + (0.03 × 1,594,925.00)
Depreciation = Php 25,584,470.59
4.14 TAXES
Taxes = 4% of FCI
Taxes = (0.04 × 255,366,228.40)
Taxes = Php 10,214,649.14

4.15 INSURANCE
Insurance = 1% of FCI
Insurance = (0.01 × 255,366,228.40)
Insurance = Php 25,536,622.84
4.16 TOTAL FIXED CHARGES
Total fixed charges = Taxes + Insurance
Total fixed charges = 10,214,649.14 + 25,536,622.84
Total fixed charges = Php 35,751,271.98
4.17 Administrative Cost
Administrative = 15% of annual operating labor

CHAPTER 5
MANAGEMENT STUDY
5.1 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
5.1.1 Chief of President
• Ensuring that the mission, the vision and the values of the Corporation are communicated
throughout the organization and that the communication channels work at all levels and in
both directions in order to favor productivity, morale and the attainment of the objectives
of the Corporation.
• Inspiring and leading strategic planning, presenting it to the Chair of the Board, the Lead
Director and the Board and ensuring its implementation.
• Positioning the performance of his responsibilities within the social, economic, political,
environmental and competitive environments in which the Corporation operates.
• Planning and leading external development initiatives, including business approaches,
and supervising the execution of business acquisitions and dispositions projects approved
by the Board.
• Ensuring an efficient communication with the Chair of the Board, the Lead Director and
the directors such that they are informed of all relevant information which may have a
material effect on the Corporation, its resources, its capital, its employees and its
shareholders.
• Assisting and cooperating with the Chair of the Board, the Lead Director and the
Corporate Secretary in connection with the preparation of meetings of the Board.

• He may from time to time, as may be needed, delegate to the Chair of the Board certain
specific responsibilities relating to corporate projects or strategic orientations. However,
he maintains the ultimate responsibility for these files and is responsible for presenting
them to the Board.
5.1.2 Chief of the Executive Office
A place where does the primary responsibilities include making major corporate decisions,
managing the overall operations and resources of a company, and acting as the main point
of communication between the board of directors and corporate operations done.
5.1.3 Store Head
•Overall care of staff and their well-being.
•Presentation of store and advertising displays.
•Recruiting, performance management, and workplace scheduling.
•Product management, including ordering, receiving, price changes, handling damaged

products, and returns.
•Team Development, facilitating staff learning training, and development.
•Problem solving, handling unusual circumstances.
•To understand the customer service principles.
•To handle problems and questions to customers.
5.1.4 Stocks
The stores department will be responsible for stocking all the necessary tools, spares, raw
materials and equipment required to service the manufacturing process.
5.1.5 Production Department
The production department is responsible for converting raw materials and other inputs
into finished goods or services. In between the processes of production, the department
works to improve the efficiency of the production or assembly line so that it can meet the
output targets set by company management and ensures finished products offer consumers
the best value and quality.
5.1.6 Production Worker
•Monitors equipment to ensure that products are being assembled properly.
•Makes sure that workstation is clean and free of hazardous materials.
•Addresses problems with production equipment and machinery and fixes them as needed.
•Cleans equipment.
•Assembles product parts by hand.
•Uses power tools to solder, weld, drill, and attach parts.
•Observes and removes faulty product parts from assembly line.
•Inspects assembled products to ensure they are up to quality standards.
•Affixes labels, company logos, and other exterior details to products.
•Packs up completed products and prepares them for shipment.

•Keeps factory floor clean.
•Unloads, organizes, and stocks shipments.
•Adheres to all safety guidelines dictation the production and handling of materials in the
factory.
•Ensures that all production deadlines are met.
•Reports issues or problems with production to immediate supervisor.
5.1.7 Quality Control
•Read blueprints and specifications.
•Monitor operations to ensure that they meet production standards.
•Recommend adjustments to the assembly or production process.
•Inspect, test, or measure materials or products being produced.
•Measure products with rulers, calipers, gauges, or micrometers.
•Accept or reject finished items.
•Remove all products and materials that fail to meet specifications.
•Discuss inspection results with those responsible for products.
•Report inspection and test data.
5.1.8 Transportation
Transportation coordinators oversee the time delivery. They maintain delivery schedules
and track deliveries to ensure deliveries are met. Coordinators update and provide tracking
information to customers as well as to internal managers. They monitor and report driver
issues such as accidents, safety concerns, or licensing issues.
•Load and unload their cargo.
•Keep their truck and associated equipment clean and in good working order.
•Accept payments for the shipment.
•Handle paperwork, such as receipts or delivery confirmation notices.
• Schedule and dispatch workers, work crews, equipment, or service vehicles to appropriate
locations according to customer requests, specifications, or needs, using radios or
telephones.
• Arrange for necessary repairs in order to restore service and schedules.
•Relay work orders, messages, and information to or from work crews, supervisors, and
field inspectors using telephones or two-way radios.
•Confer with customers or supervising personnel in order to address questions, problems,

and requests for service or equipment.
•Prepare daily work and run schedules.
• Receive or prepare work orders.
•Oversee all communications within specifically assigned territories.

• Monitor personnel and/or equipment locations and utilization in order to coordinate
service and schedules.
• Record and maintain files and records of customer requests, work or services performed,
charges, expenses, inventory, and other dispatch information.
•Determine types or amounts of equipment, vehicles, materials, or personnel required

according to work orders or specifications.
• Advise personnel about traffic problems such as construction areas, accidents, congestion,
weather conditions, and other hazards.
5.1.10 Security Head
• Write or review security-related documents, such as incident reports, proposals, and

tactical or strategic initiatives.
•Train subordinate security professionals or other organization members in security rules

and procedures.
• Plan security for special and high-risk events.
• Review financial reports to ensure efficiency and quality of security operations.
•Develop budgets for security operations.
• Order security-related supplies and equipment as needed.
• Coordinate security operations or activities with public law enforcement, fire and other
agencies. •Attend meetings, professional seminars, or conferences to keep abreast of
changes in executive legislative directives or new technologies impacting security
operations
• Assist in emergency management and contingency planning.

• Arrange for or perform executive protection activities.
• Respond to medical emergencies, bomb threats, fire alarms, or intrusion alarms, following
emergency response procedures.
• Recommend security procedures for security call centers, operations centers, domains,
asset classification systems, system acquisition, system development, system maintenance,
access control, program models, or reporting tools.
• Prepare reports or make presentations on internal investigations, losses, or violations of

regulations, policies and procedures.
• Identify, investigate, or resolve security breaches.
•Monitor security policies, programs or procedures to ensure compliance with internal

security policies, licensing requirements, or applicable government security requirements,
policies, and directives.
•Analyze and evaluate security operations to identify risks or opportunities for

improvement.
• Create or implement security standards, policies, and procedures.
•Conduct, support, or assist in governmental reviews, internal corporate evaluations, or

assessments of the overall effectiveness of the facilities security processes.
•Conduct physical examinations of property to ensure compliance with security policies

and regulations.
• Communicate security status, updates, and actual or potential problems, using established
protocols.
• Collect and analyze security data to determine security needs, security program goals, or
program accomplishments.
• Supervise subordinate security professionals, performing activities such as hiring,
training, assigning work, evaluating performance, or disciplining.
• Plan, direct, or coordinate security activities to safeguard company assets, employees,

guests, or others on company property.
5.1.11 Security Personnel
• Protect and enforce laws on an employer’s property.
• Monitor alarms and closed-circuit TV cameras.
• Control access for employees, visitors, and outside contractors.
• Conduct security checks over a specified area.
• Write comprehensive reports outlining what they observed while on patrol.
• Interview witnesses for later court testimony.
5.1.12 Waste Water Staff
•Maintenance of the collection system and treatment plant.
•Handling customer complaints and problems.
•Monitoring water quality and effectiveness of treatment.
5.1.13 Chemical analysts
•Use techniques to separate mixtures and study the reaction between materials and energy
•To determine the composition, reactions, and chemical or physical properties of organic
and inorganic compounds.
•Develop new products or knowledge of new products and prepare reports, standards and
technical papers for tests, products and processes.
•They also confer with researchers, engineers or scientists to conduct analyses, develop
tests, and interpret results.
•Develop and improve processes, equipment and formulas, and prepare compounds and
solutions to conduct tests.
5.1.14 Waste Water Engineer
•Develop plans for new water resources or water efficiency programs.
•Design water distribution systems for potable or nonpotable water.
•Design sludge treatment plants.
•Provide technical support on water resource or treatment issues to government agencies.
•Conduct water quality studies to identify and characterize water pollutant sources.
• Identify design alternatives for the development of new water resources.
• Gather and analyze water use data to forecast water demand.
• Write technical reports or publications related to water resources development or water

use efficiency.
• Analyze and recommend sludge treatment or disposal methods.
•Design water storage tanks or other water storage facilities.
•Design water run-off collection networks, water supply channels, or water supply system
networks.
•Design water or wastewater lift stations, including water wells.
•Review and critique proposals, plans, or designs related to water or wastewater treatment
systems.
•Provide technical direction or supervision to junior engineers, engineering or computer-
aided design (CAD) technicians, or other technical personnel.
•Design or select equipment for use in wastewater processing to ensure compliance with
government standards.
•Perform mathematical modeling of underground or surface water resources, such as
floodplains, ocean coastlines, streams, rivers, or wetlands.
•Perform hydrological analyses, using three-dimensional simulation software, to model
the movement of water or forecast the dispersion of chemical pollutants in the water supply.
•Perform hydraulic analyses of water supply systems or water distribution networks to
model flow characteristics, test for pressure losses, or to identify opportunities to mitigate
risks and improve operational efficiency.
•Oversee the construction of decentralized or on-site wastewater treatment systems,
including reclaimed water facilities.
•Conduct feasibility studies for the construction of facilities, such as water supply systems,
run-off collection networks, water and wastewater treatment plants, or wastewater
collection systems.
•Conduct environmental impact studies related to water and wastewater collection,
treatment, or distribution.
•Conduct cost-benefit analyses for the construction of water supply systems, run-off
collection networks, water and wastewater treatment plants, or wastewater collection
systems.
•Analyze the efficiency of water delivery structures, such as dams, tainter gates, canals,
pipes, penstocks, or cofferdams.
Analyze storm water or floodplain drainage systems to control erosion, stabilize river
banks, repair channel streams, or design bridges.
• Analyze and recommend chemical, biological, or other wastewater treatment methods to
prepare water for industrial or domestic use.
•Design pumping systems, pumping stations, pipelines, force mains, or sewers for the
collection of wastewater.
•Design domestic or industrial water or wastewater treatment plants, including advanced
facilities with sequencing batch reactors (SBR), membranes, lift stations, headwork’s,
surge overflow basins, ultraviolet disinfection systems, aerobic digesters, sludge lagoons,
or control buildings.
5.1.15 Marketing Department
•Prepares asset, liability, and capital account entries by compiling and analyzing account
information.
•Documents financial transactions by entering account information.

•Recommends financial actions by analyzing accounting options.
•Summarizes current financial status by collecting information; preparing balance sheet,

profit and loss statement, and other reports.
•Substantiates financial transactions by auditing documents.
•Maintains accounting controls by preparing and recommending policies and procedures.
•Guides accounting clerical staff by coordinating activities and answering questions.
•Reconciles financial discrepancies by collecting and analyzing account information.
•Secures financial information by completing data base backups.
•Maintains financial security by following internal controls.
•Prepares payments by verifying documentation, and requesting disbursements.
•Answers accounting procedure questions by researching and interpreting accounting

policy and regulations.
•Complies with federal, state, and local financial legal requirements by studying existing
and new legislation, enforcing adherence to requirements, and advising management on
needed actions.
•Prepares special financial reports by collecting, analyzing, and summarizing account

information and trends.
•Maintains customer confidence and protects operations by keeping financial information

confidential.
•Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational workshops;

reviewing professional publications; establishing personal networks; participating in
professional societies.
•Accomplishes the result by performing the duty.
•Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed.
5.1.16 Technical Department
The Technical Department is a dynamic part of the Company. They are responsible for
ensuring component reliability, providing internal and external support to customers'
engineering team, routine maintenance situations, reviewing inventory levels and
configuration, and overseeing aircraft teardown operations. Continually engage with
equipment manufacturers to improve the overall performance of the products.
5.1.17 Technical auditor
•Developing and implementing audit plans of internal business processes, application

systems, general controls, and technical infrastructure.
•Develops recommendations to business unit and IT management based on audit findings

to enhance and improve operations.
•Also reports on audit findings and resolution to company senior management and monitors
the status of corrective action plans to ensure they are being implemented.
•Conduct maintenance department audits and evaluate internal compliance with

established policies practices and procedures.
•Conduct inspection and audit of owner supplied material and contractors supplied
materials in compliance with material specifications and technical descriptions as
prescribed in the contract.
5.1.18 Technical Support
•Develop Technical Service strategies to help the organization achieve strategic goals and
objectives.
•Define and implement short and long-term tactical Operations plans that align with the
business unit franchises.
•Support, define and implement OUS field plans and objectives for Technical Service
repairs, reporting and training.
•Responsible for managing the selection and development of people, resources, and
budgets necessary to perform the functions of the department.
•Create, edit and implement company policies pertaining to the department.
•Assign duties and work direction to department personnel.
•Review and sign off on all deviations, engineering change notices as applicable per the
approval/notification requirement.
•Create product technical updates for systems that are returned for repair.
•Monitor activities with the loaner program.
•Manage return authorizations and return authorization process.
•Determine if investigations should be initiated by utilizing the failure description received

from the customer at the time of product failure.
•Make technical suggestions regarding modifications to documentation, product

performance and failure analysis.
•Manage and establish field service spare parts list, training and support for selected
distributors.
•Sit on project teams to setup transition from concept to in the field.
•Responsible for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of all repair orders and return
authorizations.
•Oversee the maintenance of distributor and customer computer database
•Ensure product repair and technical support knowledge is transferred to the Technical
Service team.
•Monitor work procedures, work schedules, and expedites workflow.
•Monitor service calls to observe employee's demeanor, technical accuracy, and

conformity to company policies.
•Study and standardize procedures to improve efficiency of Technical Services team.
5.1.19 Customer Service
•Attracts potential customers by answering product and service questions; suggesting

information about other products and services.
•Opens customer accounts by recording account information.
•Maintains customer records by updating account information.
•Resolves product or service problems by clarifying the customer's complaint; determining
the cause of the problem; selecting and explaining the best solution to solve the problem;
expediting correction or adjustment; following up to ensure resolution.
•Maintains financial accounts by processing customer adjustments. Recommends potential
products or services to management by collecting customer information and analyzing
customer needs. Prepares product or service reports by collecting and analyzing customer
information. Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed.
5.1.20 Human Resource Management

Human Resource Management includes conducting job analyses, planning personnel
needs, recruiting the right people for the job, orienting and training, managing wages and
salaries, providing benefits and incentives, evaluating performance, resolving disputes, and
communicating with all employees at all levels.
5.1.21 Audit Manager
•Identify risks and manage
•Produce reports highlighting issues and providing potential solutions
•Active engagement with senior staff to gain a good understanding of the business
•Supervise, coach and develop junior members of staff within teams
• Ensure compliance with internal (audit methodology and risk management) and external
(regulatory) requirements.
5.1.22 Financial Manager
•Prepare financial statements, business activity reports, and forecasts,
•Monitor financial details to ensure that legal requirements are met,
•Supervise employees, who do financial reporting and budgeting,
•Review company financial reports and seek ways to reduce costs,
•Analyze market trends to find opportunities for expansion or for acquiring other
companies,
•Help management make financial decisions.
5.1.23 Administrative Managers

•Provide technical and logistical support for all administrative personnel
•Hire and train new administrative employees
•Manage employees; assign and assist with projects
•Carry out employee evaluations; provide feedback and ways to improve
•Communicate between employees and upper management
•Set financial goals; communicate and follow goals accordingly
5.1.24 Secretary
•Answer telephones and give information to callers, take messages, or transfer calls to
appropriate individuals.
•Arrange conferences, meetings, and travel reservations for office personnel.
•Complete forms in accordance with company procedures.
•Compose, type, and distribute meeting notes, routine correspondence, and reports.
•Greet visitors and callers, handle their inquiries, and direct them to the appropriate persons
according to their needs.
•Locate and attach appropriate files to incoming correspondence requiring replies.
•Mail newsletters, promotional material, and other information.
•Maintain scheduling and event calendars.
•Make copies of correspondence and other printed material.
•Open, read, route, and distribute incoming mail and other material, and prepare answers
to routine letters.
•Schedule and confirm appointments for clients, customers, or supervisors.
•Set up and maintain paper and electronic filing systems for records, correspondence, and
other material.
•Take dictation in shorthand or by machine, and transcribe information.
•Collect and disburse funds from cash accounts, and keep records of collections and
disbursements.
•Conduct searches to find needed information, using such sources as the Internet.
•Coordinate conferences and meetings.
•Establish work procedures and schedules, and keep track of the daily work of clerical staff.
•Learn to operate new office technologies as they are developed and implemented.
•Manage projects, and contribute to committee and team work.
•Operate electronic mail systems and coordinate the flow of information both internally
and with other organizations.
•Order and dispense supplies.
•Prepare and mail checks.
•Provide services to customers, such as order placement and account information.
•Review work done by others to check for correct spelling and grammar, ensure that
company format policies are followed, and recommend revisions.
•Supervise other clerical staff, and provide training and orientation to new staff.
•Operate office equipment such as fax machines, copiers, and phone systems, and use
computers for spreadsheet, word processing, database management, and other applications.
5.2 JOB QUALIFICATION
5.2.1 Chief of President
• Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree in Business Administration, Law or Liberal Arts.
•7-10 years of corporate managerial experience.
•Advanced skills in MS Office and professional accounting software.
•Strong ability to organize effectively, delegate responsibility, solve problems quickly and
communicate clearly.
•Leadership skills, including the ability to manage time effectively and handle both internal
and external conflicts.
•ICPM (Institute of Certified Professional Managers) certification preferred.
5.2.2 Store Head
•Proven successful experience as a retail manager.
•Powerful leading skills and business orientation.
•Customer management skills.
•Strong organizational skills.
•Good communication and interpersonal skills.
•BS degree in Business Administration or relevant field.
5.2.3 Production worker
•Must have college graduate.
•Good practical skills.

•The ability to work quickly and methodically.
•The ability to concentrate while doing repetitive tasks.
•The ability to follow instructions.
•Must quickly remove sample parts or products during the manufacturing process.
5.2.4 Quality Control
• Knowledge of basic math and computer skills are important because measuring,
calibrating, and calculating specifications are major parts of quality control testing,
specialized tools and machinery when testing products.
•Must stand for long periods on the job.
•Should be in good physical condition.
•Must understand blueprints, technical documents, and manuals, which help ensure that
products and parts meet quality standards.
•Must have a driver license and skills in driving trucks.
•Must know basic literacy and math skill is imperative since the job requires a lot of
reading, counting, and record keeping manner.
• Must know the routes within the city that he/she operates like the back of his/her palm if
he/she is to make deliveries.
• Expected to have a good knowledge of bus stops, land marks, and street names.
5.2.6 Security Head and Personnel
•Must have a college or high school diploma.

•Can perform first aid or CPR.
•Proven work experience as a security guard or relevant position. Trained security officer
with diploma.
•Must have integrity and professionalism in working.
5.2.7 Waste Water Staff
•Special Requirements: Possession of a current Grade IV or higher Certificate of

Competency issued by the Massachusetts Board of Certification of Operators of Waste-
water Treatment Plant Operators or possession of a Grade III Certificate of Competency
with the ability to acquire a Grade IV license within 6 months of hire.
• At least one year of being in Responsible Charge of a Waste Water Treatment Plant .
• Knowledge of the principles and practices of mechanical/scientific processes, equipment,

operations and maintenance of water treatment systems including the layout, location and
equipment characteristics of water systems.
• General understanding of state and federal environmental regulations as well

terminology, codes, symbols and standard abbreviations.
• Familiarity with water treatment sampling, chemical handling, and plumbing/electrical

systems.
• Capacity to work with minimal supervision; Demonstrated success in supervising work

schedules of subordinates and provide trainings as necessary.
• Ability to lift and carry heavy objects, stand for prolonged periods of time, physical
stamina and endurance, manual dexterity and mechanical aptitude.
• Critical thinking skills, using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses
of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
• Proficient in safety procedures when performing work in order to prevent risk and
accidents;
• Thoroughness, independence and excellent written and oral communication skills.
• Skilled in use of power tools as well as electrical, electronic, pneumatic and mechanical
repairs.
• Proficient use of Microsoft Office applications including Outlook, Word, Excel and
Access as well as training assistance and operator level use of SCADA and CMMS
systems.
5.2.8 Chemical analysts
• Knowledge of chemo metrics and data processing.
• Basic knowledge in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry.
• An understanding of quality control and quality assurance concepts and practices.
• An understanding of the chemistry of biomolecules.
• Familiarity with different kinds of instrumentation.
• Able to effectively operate specialized computer software.
• Able to effectively communicate results to other team members and project managers.
• Experience in specific types of analysis, such as the analysis of samples unique to

pharmaceuticals, food, environmental samples, polymers, or minerals.
5.2.9 Waste Water Engineer
•Engineering knowledge.
•Experience of project management.

•Communication and negotiation skills.
•Teamwork and people management skills.
•Problem-solving ability.
•Self-motivation and a proactive approach to work.
•Commercial awareness.
•An entrepreneurial spirit.
•Good time management skills.
•A flexible approach to work and a willingness to take on new challenges.
•A full driving license is generally required as you will have to drive to different sites.
5.2.10 Technical auditor
• Engineering degree from a reputable University and a related professional certification.
• Certification as a CIA, CPA, or CISA.
• Full time experience in construction projects with exposure to quality control and ISO
audits.
5.2.11 Technical Support
•Proper phone etiquette.
•Ability to speak and write clearly and accurately.
••Demonstrated proficiency in typing and grammar.
•Knowledge of relevant software computer applications and equipment.
•Knowledge of customer service principles and practices.

•Effective listening skills.
•Willingness to co-operate with others and work to the greater good.
•Multi-tasking capabilities.
5.2.12 Customer Service
• Highly skilled in providing information regarding products and services of the company.
• In-depth knowledge of taking orders, compute charges, and administer billing or

payments.
• Hands-on experience in reviewing, updating or making changes to customer accounts.
• Track record of listening and responding to customers’ needs and concerns.
• Able to handle returns and complaints effectively.
• Demonstrated ability to record details of client contacts and service history.
• Proven ability to determine answers and solutions quick.
•Proven working experience as HR manager or another HR executive.
•People oriented and results driven.
•Demonstrable experience with human resources metrics.
•Knowledge of HR systems and databases.
•Ability to architect strategy along with leadership skills.
•Excellent active listening, negotiation and presentation skills.
•Competence to build and effectively manage interpersonal relationships at all levels of the
company.
•In-depth knowledge of labor law and HR best practices.
•BS/MS degree in Human Resources or related field.
5.2.13 Audit Manager
• 4+ years of financial statement audit experience at a public accounting firm.
• CPA is strongly desired.
• Experience working with privately-held clients is a plus.
• Industry experience in manufacturing, real estate, construction, not-for-profit, and
government is strongly desired.
• Bachelor’s degree (B.S.) in accounting from four-year college or university; or two to
four years auditing experience and/or training; or equivalent combination of education and
experience. CPA desired, but not required.
5.2.14 Financial Manager
• Commercial and business awareness.
• Excellent communication and presentation skill.
•An analytical approach to work.
• High numeracy and sound technical skills.
• Problem-solving skills and initiative.
• Negotiation skills and the ability to influence others.
• Strong attention to detail and an investigative nature.

• The ability to balance the demands of work with study commitments.
• Good time management skills and the ability to priorities.
• The ability to work as part of a team and to build strong working relationships.
• The capacity to make quick but rational decisions.
• The potential to lead and motivate others.
• Good IT skills.
5.2.15 Administrative Managers
•Proven experience as administration manager.
•In-depth understanding of office management procedures and departmental and legal

policies.
•Familiarity with financial and facilities management principles.
•Proficient in MS Office.
•An analytical mind with problem-solving skills.
•Excellent organizational and multitasking abilities.
•A team player with leadership skills.
•BSc/BA in business administration or relative field.
5.2.16 Secretary
•Must have a high school or trade school diploma and secretarial or administrative
experience.
•Must have 2-3 years of working experience.
•Computer literate, fluent in English and presentable.
Table 5.2-1 Summary of Overall Monthly Salary
Present Monthly Salary

Department Position
Php.
Chief of President 70,000
Executive Department
Chief of Executive Office 50,000
Human Personal Administration 25,000
Resources Training and Development 10,000
Department Employee Recruitment 11,000
Finance Accountant 15,000
Administrative
Department Planning and Budgeting 15,000
Department
Auditor 15,000
Customer Service 13,000
Marketing
Department
Security Personnel 12,000

Janitor Staff 7,000
Maintenance Department
Production Workers 8,000
Quality Control 10,000
Production Department Equipment Engineer 12,000
Process Engineer 14,000
Chemical Analyst 9,000
Wastewater Treatment Wastewater Engineer 13,000
Wastewater Staff 6,000
Glass Technician 6,000
Technical Service 7,000
Technical Department
Technical Auditor 7500
Driver 8,000
Transportaion
Dispatcher 5,000
TOTAL COST = 484, 500
5.3 COMPANY POLICIES
5.3.1 Working regulations

Our company will start to operate at 8:00AM-5:00PM, Monday to Friday. Lunch
break will start at 12: 00- 1:00PM and snacks at 4:00- 4:20PM.
5.3.2 Holidays
Table 5.3-1 Breakdown of Working Days
NON- WORKING HOLIDAYS

NO. OF
MONTH NO. OF NO. OF
WORKING
DAYS SUNDAYS Date Occasion
DAYS
1 (Saturday) New Year Days
January Additional
31 5 2 (Sunday)
occasion 24
Chinese New
8 (Tuesday)
Year
February 28 4 22
EDSA Power
25 (Friday)
Revolution
Maundy
24 (Thursday)
Thursday
March 31 4 25
25 (Friday) Good Friday
26 (Saturday) Black Saturday
Araw ng
April 30 4 9 (Saturday) 25
Katipunan
May 31 5 1 (Sunday) Labor Day 26
Independence
June 30 4 12 (Sunday) 26
Day
July 31 5 - - 26
21(Sunday) Ninoy Day
August 31 5 National Heroes 25
29 (Monday)
Day
September 30 4 - - 26
Add. Special
October 31 5 31 (Monday) 25
Day
1 (Tuesday) All Saints Day
November 30 4 24
30 (Wednesday) Bonifacio Day
Add. Non-
24 (Saturday)
working Day
25 (Sunday) Christmas Day
December 31 5 23
30 (Thursday) Rizal Day
Special Non-
31 (Friday)
working Day
JADS Company Corporation produces on a daily basis per year except Weekends
and Holidays (non-working holidays). Base on the law, Proclamation No. 1105 entitled
“Declaring the Regular Holidays and Special (Non- Working) Days” is used as a basis
for coming up with breakdown of working days.
5.3.2 Leaves and Absences
Employees are required to file their leave applications using CSC Form No. 6
which should be fully accomplished in duplicate original copies, whenever they go
on leave of absence. Leave is an authorized absence because of emergency or vacation with
their families.
Absences will affect the number of workdays especially their salary which may fall
in small amount of expected salary. Cause of absences are being sick, accidents, late wake
–up, tired, or others reason.
5.3.3 Vacation Leave
This leave is common where the employees are needed to relax or they need to
bond their families especially when their family is in the provinces. Employees will
guarantee of 12 days of leave.
5.3.3.1 Sick Leave
All regular employees are required to pass all requirements to approve the 12 days
of leave:
o Employee must submit the medical certificate for confirmation.
o The employee is needed to sign the application letter for long leave.
5.3.3.2 Emergency Leave
All regular employees are allowed to leave if the reason is valid.
5.3.3.3 Maternity Leave
All employees who are pregnant are allowed to leave because of serious emergency.
Pregnant employees will be extending their maternity leave with benefits if they follow
this following:
o Pregnant employees need to inform the HR as early as possible so
the HR can notify the SSS to avoid acquisition of benefits.
o A pregnant employee who has been already a member of SSS can
allow her to leave two months leave. If caesarian, 78 days of leave be allowed
according to SSS policy.
5.3.4 Other Employment Benefits
5.3.4.1 Social Security System (SSS) number/I.D. (For Non-
Government Employee)
Fresh graduates or first-time employee can get an SSS number in SSS main office
or to any authorized SSS branches. However, SSS ID is asked for anyone who’s been
working for a couple of years. Having an SSS can give all non-government employees an
assurance of a disability, sickness, death, loan and retirement benefits. SSS are compulsory,
meaning all Non-Government workers should have an SSS.

5.3.4.2 13th Month Pay
All employers are required to pay their rank and file employees 13th
month pay, regardless of the nature of their employment and irrespective of the methods
by which their wages are paid, provided they worked at least (1) month during a calendar
year. The 13th month pay be given to the employees not later than December 24 of every
year.
5.3.4.3 Life and Accident Insurance
Employees can use the insurance on its own or to fill a gap in other coverage.
Coverage through an accident insurance policy can give a cushion to help cover medical
expenses and living costs, so it can concentrate on getting better, without having to stress
about their finances.
5.3.5 Legal Requirements

5.3.5.1 National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) Clearance or Police
Clearance
Having an NBI or Police Clearance will assure you and your employer that you
are a legal citizen and do not have any criminal records against the law. NBI or Police
Clearance can be processed in your respected City/Municipality Hall.
5.3.5.2 Medical Certificate
One of the main responsibilities of an Employer is to guarantee that his/her
employee is in proper health condition and so Medical Certification is important to ensure
that you are capable to work. Medical Certificates are often required in most Industries but
more certain to Food and Chemical/Pharmaceutical Industries.
5.3.5.3 Tax Identification Number (TIN)
All citizens of the are required to pay taxes and so each employee must have a TIN
number. TIN can be processed and acquire in any branches, main office, or in the official
website of the Bureau of Internal Revenue.
5.3.5.4 Community Tax Certificate or Cedula
CTC or Cedula will prove your citizenship and residency in the community that
you lived.
5.3.5.5 Birth Certificate

Most Employees require their employees to pass a birth certificate (Authenticated
by NSO) to assure that their employee is on the right age and an authentic residence of the
country.
5.3.5.6 Certificate of Employment
This is for Applicants who resigned or get terminated by their previous employers.
The Certificate of Employment will certify your employment records in the company that
you previously worked on.

CHAPTER 6
SOCIO – ECONOMIC
STUDY
6.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY

Socio-economic focuses on the social impact of some sort of economic change.
Such social effects can be wide- ranging in size, anywhere from local effects on a small
community to changes to an entire society. These may affect patterns of consumption, the
distribution of incomes and wealth, the way in which people behave and the overall quality
of life. We include the benefits and advantages of the business could offer once it started
to operate. The proposed project aims to help people who are unemployed of the country.
In this certain of project, we consider the whole part of the business especially the
social impact in the company.
6.2 CONTRIBUTION TO THE PHILIPPINE COMPANY
Every business establishment will be a great help in maintaining the growth and
development of the Philippines’s economy. This will be gain if every business will be
responsible enough in their duties and obligations to their community regarding to the
customers, suppliers and also to its environment.
6.3 EFFECTS OF THE BUSINESS IN THE SOCIETY
Theoretically, society is an organized group of persons associated together for
religious, benevolent, cultural, scientific, political, patriotic, or other purposes. Specifically
the areas of society where the proposed may took effect are the government, household and
culture.
6.4 EFFECTS IN THE GOVERNMENT TAXATION

An exercise of the sovereign power on persons, properties and transactions to raise
revenues to defray the expenses of the government. Without taxation the state can’t stand
alone. The business is expected to give a great contribution to the government in the form
of taxes. The tax payment from the business would help localities as well as the economy
for its future projects. This would help the country to become more progressive. The
business will fulfill its obligation by paying taxes promptly and accurately. Also the
business can help people in times of calamity by giving donations.
6.5 CONTRIBUTION TO INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT
The main goal of a certain business is to have high income. A business should create
a harmonious relationship between the manager and employees to attain the main goal of
business which is to have income. All workers need income to support their own needs and
also for their service rendered in the business. Building up this business is a great
opportunity for unemployed people to have a job. It will also be their source of income.
6.6 COMMUNITY
The community can benefit from the business for the owners can sponsor some of
the community’s projects or have some scholarship grants.
6.7 SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS

The business will help generate the income for the community and at the same
time, cultivate creativity of Filipino people.
6.8 SWOT ANALYSIS
6.8.1 Strengths
 Positioned as one of the Safe Glass and High quality and innovative glasses
 Focus on Clean and Green energy speaks volumes
 Environment friendly
 Low costs of local raw materials
 Close to consumers
6.8.2 Weakness
 Competition from various global players and economic restraints affects business.
 High energy cost
 High Interest cost
 Rising input cost
6.8.3 Opportunities
 Positive Economy changes
 Bright future of Innovation trough research and development
 Expand to a new larger location

6.9 THREAT
Financial incurrence as a result of wide margin between product production
quantity and that of product sold, as production cannot be interrupted and more goods are
produced daily, hence the product have to be substantially subsidized or auctioned at lower
price.
 Cheap Imports from outsides countries
 Tax increase
 Competency

Republic of The Philippines Repaired

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Republic of The Philippines Repaired

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Republic of the Philippines

EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering

Alexander S. Ibrahim Jr.

Jannie Diane T. Dondoyano

Sweet Gilleen P. Borromero

Jeroh Mae S. Baclaan

partial fulfillment of the degree Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering was

examined and recommended for oral examination.

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Chemical Engineering by the committee on oral examination on February 27,

2018 with the rating of ______.

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of BACHELOR

OF SCIENCE IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

years, will actually flow and change its dimensions slightly.

pharmaceuticals),tableware (drinking glasses, plate, cups, bowls), housing and buildings

(windows, facades, conservatory, insulation, reinforcement structures), interior design and

furniture’s (mirrors, partitions, balustrades, tables, shelves, lighting), automotive and

transport (windscreens, backlights, light weight but reinforced structural components of

is over 99.5% silica (quartz).

 To supply a wide range of glass containers to satisfy the needs of the

 To provide product in good quality with economical price using our

expertise in the design and manufacturing of glass.

 To ensure and protect the environment.

 To contribute to the local economy of the Philippines.

 We aim to become a local and global supplier of glass container.

 JADS Corporation dedicated to develop a good quality of glass with

consistent innovation and eco-friendly.

JADS Corporation can be located in FCIE Dasmarinas, Calabarzon Philippines.

1.4 COMPANY PROFILE

1.5 CUSTOMIZED GLASS CONTAINER

We can customized our glass containers to our customers' specifications, including

sure your design conform to industry standards.

1.6 MANUFACTURING DATE AND REFERENCE NUMBER

1.8 GLASS CONTAINER

technology that company have.

Figure 1.2-1 Glass Container

Table 1.2-1 Properties of Glass Container

Molecular Weight 2.5 g/mole

Appearance Transparent Supercooled Liquid

Density 2.70 – 3 g/cm3

Boiling Point 1400-1600 ºC

Refraction Index ~ 1.5

2.3 DEMAND AND SUPPLY DATA

tabled showed below.

2011 143,187,352 31,983,370

2012 111,268,438 15,808,892

2013 123,555,473 14,707,740

2014 120,105,636 17,273,715

2015 108,578,542 19,660,391

2016 184,320,458 12,500,432

Demand and Supply

using table and graph to analyze and study the data.

Table 2.4-1 Demand of Glass Container from year 2011 to 2016

2.4.1 Factor Affecting the Demand

 Taste and Preferences

2.4.2 Projection of Demand

Demand projection determined by mathematical computation using two ways and

2017 8,663,844.4 10,969,077.57 10,459,668.2 20,238,652.70

2018 4,777,256.8 9,586,973.794 7,986,976.256 26,333,661.76