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Research Locale

This study will be conducted in Barangay Labangal, General Santos City. The Brgy. is

chosen based on the number of diabetic patients found in the area. Labangal is

a barangay located on Sarangani Bay in the Philippines. It is part of the city of General Santos. It

was created by virtue of Commonwealth Act No. 4413 dated February 27, 1939, and was

approved by President Manuel L. Quezon on the same date. The village is bordered by the

barangays of Apopong on the south, Calumpang on the north, on the west by Apopong and on

the east by Dadiangas and Sarangani Bay. It is a barangay with a total area of

12.52 km2 (4.833999 sq mi) and a total population of 57, 746 and a total density of

4,600/km2 (12,000/sq mi). Data will be collected using quota sampling.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of this study will be 30 patients with type 2 diabetes. Recruitment will

be done during the months of December 2017 to January 2018. Subjects of the study include all

adult diabetes mellitus Type 2 aged more than 20 to 75 years old. The exclusion criteria included

Diabetes mellitus Type 1, mental disorder, patients who are either, deaf, mute or blind and

International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health Vol. 4 No.

8 (2012) 1591 illiterate patients. The respondents will be selected through Quota sampling.

Research Instrument

The level of anxiety and depression will be measured using Basic Personality Inventory

or BPI. The BPI is a multiphasic personality inventory intended for use with both clinical and

normal populations to identify sources of maladjustment and personal strengths. It was penned

by Douglas N. Jackson, published by Sigma Assessment systems Inc., 1996 The easy reading
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level (grade 5) means the BPI may be used with a variety of adolescent and adult groups.

Consisting of 240 true/false items, and 11 substantive clinical scales and one critical item scale,

the BPI can be completed in approximately 35 minutes—about half the time required to

complete other popular measures. The scale names, chosen to avoid potentially inaccurate

diagnostic labels while emphasizing construct dimensions of psychopathology,

include: Alienation, Anxiety, Denial, Depression, Deviation, Hypochondriasis, Impulse

Expression, Interpersonal Problems, Persecutory Ideas, Self Depreciation, Social Introversion,

Thinking Disorder . An extensive variety of validity data is presented in the manual. Separate

BPI profiles are presented for groups of psychiatric patients experiencing different symptoms

ranging from anorexia to suicidal behavior and hallucinations. The levels for anxiety and

depression will be the only variable that will be considered. The demographic scale will be

measured using a researcher-designed questionnaire, consisting of close ended questions

regarding, age, gender, educational level and marital status.

Statistical Treatment

Summary statistics will be used to describe the prevalence of anxiety and depression of

each demographic scale, while discrete variables and demographic characteristics were described

by frequency distributions. Furthermore, during data processing, the following statistical tools

that will be used are mean and percentage. The demographic profiles would be presented using

frequency distribution and percentage, level of anxiety and depression would be measured by its

mean, whereas the significant difference between the anxiety and depression of patients with

type 2 diabetes between their demographic profiles will be measured using ANOVA for age,

educational level, marital status while t-test would be used for the gender.
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Data Gathering Procedure

Data will be collected and documented on a researcher designed demographic form that

includes age, gender, marital status and educational level of the respondents. Subjects will be

consecutively recruited from the Brgy. With the highest recorded number of diabetes patients,

Brgy. Labangal, General Santos City. Before making the decision to participate in the study,

patients will receive information about the study and will be asked to sign a written consent.,

Once the consent was signed, verification of inclusion and exclusion criteria will take place. The

questionnaires required for the study will be presented and explained for its completion during

this session. The respondents will then answer the demographic form created by the researchers

for 5-10 minutes and will fill the instrument Basic Personality Inventory ( BPI) for 25-35

minutes as the respondents will be assisted by a registered Psychometrician (RPM) while doing

so. Data will be collected using quota sampling.

Bioethical Consideration

Each participant was given a written informed consent for the study. Permission to

willingly participate will be sought on the respondents. Confidentiality of the respondents was

maintained strictly to ensure privacy of data. The disclosure of respondent identity was exhibited

as well as the data gathered as they were treated with anonymity and confidentiality. Participants

may also withdraw at any level of the study, right to full disclosure acknowledged, as well as

their decision not to continue in the future proceeds of the study. Confidentiality is “a basic

ethical principle while anonymity is one way in which confidentiality is maintained. To ensure

anonymity, steps are taken to protect the identity of the individual by neither giving their name

when presenting research results, nor including identifying details which may reveal their

identity such as work place, personal characteristics and occupation” (Rees, 2007).
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References

Books

Anderson RJ, Lustman PJ, Clouse RE, et al. (2000) Prevalence of depression in adults with

diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes. 2000;49(Suppl 1): A64.

Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) (2006) Report of the Third National Health and Morbidity

Survey.Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Public Health, MOH.

Peyrot M and Rubin RR. (2007) Behavioral And Psychosocial Interventions in Diabetes.

Diabetes Care.2007;30 (10):2040-2046.

Robert D, Goldney P, Phillips J, Laura, JF, David HW. (2004) Diabetes, Depression, And

Quality Of Life .Diabetes Care.2004;27:1066–1070.

Sridhar GR and Madhu K.(2002) Psychosocial and cultural issues in diabetes mellitus. Curr

Sci.2002;83:1556-64.

Journal

Mitchell AJ, Subramaniam H. (2005) Prognosis of depression in old age compared to middle age:

a systematic review of comparative studies. American Journal of Psychiatry.2005162,

1588- 1601. World Health Organization. Diabetes Action Now. Diabetes

Voice.2004;49(2)27-31
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Online Books

American Diabetes Association (2017) Diabetes Basics. Retrieved from

www.diabetes.org>Diabetes Basics

American Diabetes Association (2012) Data and Statistics About Diabetes. Retrieved

Dansinger M. (2017) Type 2 Diabetes: The Basics. Retrieved from

http://www.webmd.com

NHS UK (2016) Typefrom

2 Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk>conditions>type-2
http://professional.diabetes.org>content

diabetes