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 Class

Hints & Explanations 6

science Practice-cum-Workbook
2. 
Chapter 1 : Food : Where Does It Scavengers Parasites
a. F eed on dead a. Feed on living
Come From? animals. animals.
b. They do not harm b. They harm the host
Worksheet No. 1 anyone to obtain they feed on.
their food.
Knowledge Based Questions c.  E.g., vulture, jackal, c. E.g., mosquito, flea,
hyena. leech.
A. 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (b)
B. 1. Flower 2.  Nectar, flower 3. Omnivore D. 1. (a) Provides energy to do work.
4.  Plants 5. Green plants (b) P
 rovides material for growth, repair, development
and reproduction.
C. 1. Herbivores    2. Spinach    3. Omnivore
4. Carnivores     5. Sprouts    6. Decomposers (c) Helps the body in fighting diseases.
2. (a) C
 arnivores feed on living as well as dead
Understanding Based Questions animals. Parasites feed on living animals.
(b) C
 arnivores mostly damage their prey while
A. 1. True feeding. Parasites may or may not damage
2. False  – Cake is made from various ingredients. their prey. If they damage, they do it wholly or
3. True partially.
4.­ False  – People from different parts of India eat 3. Plants Animals Other sources
different food items. Bread: Flour
5.­ False  – Vulture is a scavenger. Butter: Milk Salt
6. False  – Germinated seeds of moong beans are Tea: Tea leaves, sugar Milk Water
edible.
B. 1.  Banana –  It is eaten raw, while others are E. 1. Consumer 2. Parasite 3. Herbivore
cooked before eating. 4. Root 5. Leaf 6. Spice
2. Honey –  It is obtained from honey bees, while
others are milk products. Application Based Questions
3. Roundworm –  It is a parasite, while others are A.     Across    Down
scavengers.
2. Dosa 1. onion
4.­ Cat –  It is an omnivore, while others are 5. Ingredient 3. Omnivores
herbivores.
7. Rice 4. Producers
C. 1. Herbivores Carnivores 9. Cheese 6. Nectars
a. T
 hey eat only plants a. They eat only flesh 10. Salt 8. Husk
or plant products. of other animals. 11. Pulses 12. Spice
b. They have well b. They have sharp B. 1. Plants are known as producers as they produce food
developed grinding and pointed tearing for all the living beings i.e., all living beings on the
and cutting teeth. teeth.
earth are dependent upon plants directly or indirectly
c. Some of them can c. They do not bring for their food.
bring back previously back previously
swallowed food to the swallowed food to 2. Being herbivore, cow feeds on grass and for chewing
mouth for chewing it mouth for chewing it its food, it requires molars.
the second time. the second time. 3. Human beings feed on both plants and animals.

Science Class-6 1
 4. Breakfast is a meal that is taken first in the morning B. 1. Potato – Potato is a stem, while others are roots.
after a long time gap. (i.e., gap between dinner 2. Ground nut – It grows in the root, while others grow
and breakfast). By skipping the breakfast, Rohit is in flowers.
depriving the body of necessary energy that can lead
3.
Asparagus – Stem of Asparagus is edible, while
to sickness and tiredness.
leaves of others are edible.
5. S
 ome plants can be poisonous and can make us
4. Cinnamon – It is the bark of a tree, while others are
sick.
seeds.
6. S
 cavengers are called natural cleansers as they feed
on dead animals and help to clean our environment. C. 1. Chicken, duck, goose, emu – Poultry animals
2. Rice, salt, water – Ingredients spices
HOTS Question 3. Curd, ghee, paneer – Animal products

Herbivores Carnivores 4. Horse, rabbit, parrot – Eat plants and their products
Rabbit, Cow, Snake, Shark, Tiger, 5. Plants – Autotrophs
Hummingbird, Chameleon
Elephant D. 1. 
Food Ingredient
Omnivores Scavengers
a. A food is a substance a. It is a substance that
Crow, monkey Eagle, Vulture,
that we eat and made forms components of
Jackal
up of one or more foods.
Decomposers Parasites than one ingredient.
Fungi Mosquito
b. For example : b.  Ingredients for
Feeds on plants only.
Herbivore : chicken curry is a chicken curry are raw
Feeds on animals.
Carnivore : food. chicken, oil, spices,
water, etc.
Feeds on both plants and animals.
Omnivore :
Scavenger : Feeds on dead animals. 2.  Autotrophs Heterotrophs
Decomposer : Feeds on dead and decaying plants and a. They can prepare a. They cannot prepare
animals and decompose them. their own food. their own food and
Feeds on living organism.
Parasite : depend on autotrophs
and heterotrophs for
their food.
Worksheet No. 2
b. They require an b. They do not require
Knowledge Based Questions external source of external source of
energy to prepare energy.
A. 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c) their food.
c. They produce c. They do not produce
B. 1. Stem   2.  Sprout   3.  Stem   4. Apiculture
5. Bacteria, fungi organic substances organic substances
from inorganic from inorganic
C. 1. Cereals –  Maize, jowar, bajra
2. Honey –  Sweet in taste substance. substance.
3. Green chilly –  Fruit d. They are called d. They are called
4. Plants –  Producers producers. consumers.
5. Vegetarians –  Do not eat meat
6. Milk – An animal product E. 1. Parasite 2. photosynthesis
3. flower 4.  elephant
Understanding Based Questions 5. ingredient 6. cheese

A. 1. False  – Hookworm depends on living animals for

Application Based Questions
their food.
2. True A. 1. Decomposer feed on dead and decaying plants
and animals. This prevents accumulation of dead
3. False  – Birds can be herbivores, carnivores and
bodies and spreading of diseases in environment.
omnivores.
As decomposers help in cleaning our surroundings,
4. False  – Chickens are omnivores as they eat both we can say they are very useful to our environment.
seeds, grains and insects.
2. (a) Different parts of our country have different
5. False  – Cudding is the process of chewing types of staple food.
swallowed food.

2 Science Class-6
 (b) Also depends on availability of food in the region 4. Vitamin K – Excessive bleeding
and eating habits of people living there. 5. Vitamin B1 – Beri-beri
B. 1. Organism P is a producer while organisms Q, R, S 6. Vitamin C – Scurvy
and T are consumers.
2. 
If S disappears, then population of Q and R will Understanding Based Questions
increase as S feeds on Q and R. Population of P will
decrease as population of Q and R increases. A. 1. Amla –  It is rich in vitamin C, while others are
source of protein.
Food Items : Gulabjamun, ice-cream, egg,
C.  2. Goitre –  It is due to deficiency of iodine
gulabjamun, icecream, curd, pulses, bread, (mineral), while others diseases are
cake, tamarind, dal, cereals, dhokla, honey, due to deficiency of vitamins.
rice, kheer
3. Roughage –  It is not a mineral, while others are
Ingredients : Salt, sugar, ghee, spices mineral.
Herbivore : Cow 4. Protein –  It is a body-building nutrient, while
Carnivore : Shark, hyena, leech, vulture others are energy-giving nutrients.
Omnivore : Crow, dog, pig, hen, cat 5. Peas –  It is a sources of vitamin B2, while
others are sources of protein.
HOTS Questions 6. Vitamin B –  It is water soluble, while others are fat
soluble.
1. A – Herbivore  B – Carnivore  C – Omnivore
B. 1. True 2.  True
2. Initially, the population of X(producer) is very less
whereas the population of Y (herbivore) is very high. 3. False  –  Roughage cannot be digested.
Population of Z (carnivore) is increasing at a constant
4.­ True
rate. But after a certain time as the number of Y
(herbivores) have reduced, the number of X (producers) 5.­ False  – Deficiency of iodine leads to goitre.
have increased, as there are less herbivore to eat them.
The number of Z (carnivores) also decreases due to 6. False  – Marasmus occurs due to deficiency of
decrease in the number of herbivores. proteins and carbohydrates.

At the end both the population of Y and Z reduces almost C. 1. Nutrient 2. Meal 3. Roughage
to nil, but the population of X is highest at that time, as 4. Diet 5. Obesity 6. Rickets
there is no herbivores (Y) to eat them.
D. 1.  Mineral Source Functions
Skill Based Questions Milk, dairy Formation of bones
Calcium
products and teeth.
A → Flower – Cauliflower B → Leaves – Spinach
Meat, green Formation of
C → Seeds – Rice D → Fruit – Apple Iron
vegetables haemoglobin.
E → Stem – Sugarcane F → Root – Sweet potato
B and C – Mustard B and E – Onion 2. Vitamin Source Deficiency
D Fish-liver oil, milk, Rickets in children
B and F – Radish
butter
C Oranges, lemons Scurvy
Chapter 2 : Components of Food and other citrus
fruits
Worksheet No. 1 3. T
 he diseases which occur due to the deficiency of
one or more essential nutrients in the diet are called
Knowledge Based Questions deficiency diseases. Two deficiency disorders and its
A. 1.  (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) symptoms are :
Night blindness – Inability to see in dim light.
B. 1. Carbohydrates  2.  Vitamin and mineral 
Scurvy – Swelling and bleeding of gums.
3. Water 4.  Fats 5. Iodine
4. P
 roteins are called body-building nutrients because
C. 1. Vitamin A  –  Night blindness they are required for the growth and repair of body
2. Vitamin D – Rickets tissues. They are also required for regulating body
3. Vitamin E – Reproductive disorders Functions and to protect the body from infections.

Science Class-6 3
Application Based Questions Skill Based Question
A.    Across      Down INDICATOR TEST
Nutrients
4. WATER 1. OBESITY Chemicals
required
Procedure Observation
Results/
Inference
5. MILK 2. VITAMINS Sample, Add 10 drops of Observe Violet colour
sulphate, dilute sample + 10 colour indicates
8. MALNUTRITION 3. BALANCED copper, drops caustic soda change. positive result.
Proteins
9. IRON 5. MEAT caustic + 2 drops copper
soda sulphate shake
10. JAGGERY 6. SCURVY well.
Sample, dilute sample + Observe Blue-black
7. ROUGHAGE iodine iodine sample changes in colour
Carbohydrates solution colour. indicates
B. 1. We should eat balanced diet because it contains all
presence of
the nutrients in adequate quantities which is required starch.
by our body. Sample, Wrap sample with Observe the An oily patch
dry paper dry paper and paper. on the paper
2.  Growing children must eat food items rich in protein press to crush it, indicates the
Fats
because it helps in the growth and repair of the body then air dry it. presence of fat
in the tested
tissues. food item.
3.  Deficiency of iron causes anaemia because iron helps
in the formation of red blood cells (haemoglobin), but
Worksheet No. 2
when the body is in deficit of iron red blood cells are
not formed properly, which is called anaemia.
Knowledge Based Questions
4.  Vegetables and fruits should not be washed after
peeling or cutting them because all the nutrients A. 1.  (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (d)
would get washed away.
5.  Consumption of too much sugar should be avoided B. 1. Water 2. Vitamin C 3. Carbohydrates
because it can make people overweight and obese. 4. Nutrients 5. Roughage
Obese people have a high probability of suffering C. 1. False  –  Proteins are body-building food.
from diseases such as heart problems and diabetes.
2.  True 3.  True
6.  When we are exposed to sunlight, our body gets
4. False  – Vitamins and minerals are required in small
vitamin-D present in sunlight which helps to make
amount.
our bones and teeth strong.
5.  False  –  Starch is a type of carbohydrate.
The set-up given below is of protein test. Sample X is
C.  6.  True
a protein sample. When copper sulphate and caustic
soda are added to the protein sample and shaken well, a D. 1. Carbohydrates – Potato
violet colour appears. This shows that protein is present 2. Proteins – Body-building foods
in the sample and the result is taken as positive. 3. Phosphorus – H
 elps in bone and tooth
formation
HOTS Questions 4. Fats – O
 btained from plants
1. A 12 years old boy needs more amount of protein than as well as animals
a 35 years old woman because a 12 years boy is in his 5. Green leafy vegetables – Rich in iron
growing age, which means he will require more amount 6. Dietary fibres – No nutritive value
of body building food (proteins). Whereas a 35 years
old woman is fully grown and does not require so much Understanding Based Questions
amount of protein as a 12 years old boy.
A. 1. Vitamin B1 – It is water soluble, while others are fat
2. A 28 years old pregnant woman needs more amount of
soluble.
calcium and iron because she carries the baby in her
2. Corn – It is a source of carbohydrate, while
womb. The requirement will automatically get increased
others contain vitamin and mineral.
during the pregnancy as the amount of bone and teeth
3. Eggs – They are rich in protein, while others are
formation and red blood cell formation will be more
rich sources of vitamin C.
during that time, than usual.
4. Rice – It is rich source of carbohydrate, while
others are sources of fats.
5. Roughage – It does not have nutritive value, while
others are energy-giving food.
6. Gram – Gram is source of proteins, while others
are sources of carbohydrates.

4 Science Class-6
B. 1.  Carbohydrates Fats 3. 
We should eat citrus fruits like orange in their raw
form because they contain vitamin C, which keeps
a. It is the major part of a. It is a small part of
our teeth and gums healthy.
our diet. our diet.
b. Potato, rice, wheat and b. Ghee, butter and oil 4.  Ghee, butter and oil must be included in the diet in
sugar are sources of it. are sources of it. limited amounts because they compounds, provide
energy and stored in the body to keep the body
2.  Vitamins Minerals warm.
a. Vitamins are A, B, C, a. Minerals are Ca, Mg, Fe 5. People from western countries commonly suffer from
D, E and K. and I. constipation because they do not have enough fibre
b. They are compounds. b. They are elements. in the diet, do not drink enough liquids and more
dependence of junk food.
c. They can be water c. They are of two types
soluble or fat soluble. micro and macro 6. Animal proteins are considered better than plant
nutrients. proteins because animal protein contain all the
d. All vitamins are d. All minerals are not essential amino acids required by our body, where
needed for the body. needed by the body. plants do not contain all types of amino acids.

3.  Body-building foods Energy-giving foods B. Carbohydrates Fats

a. Foods which help in a. Food which mainly Bread, oats, Groundnut, almond,
the growth and repair provides energy to potato, maize, ghee, oil
of body tissues are our body to do various rice, Dosa
called body-building things are called energy Proteins Minerals and vitamins
foods. -giving foods. Fish, cheese, Apple, banana, cabbage,
b. Proteins are mainly b. Carbohydrates and
egg, meat, onion, melon, lemon,
the body-building food. fats are energy-giving
food. moong, hen mango, spinach

C. 1. Iron –  Spinach, broccoli, apple

HOTS Questions
2. Vitamin A –  Papaya, carrot, fish oil
3.  Vitamin D   – Sunlight, mushroom, tuna fish 1. In fig. P, a normal section of an artery is shown and
in fig. Q, fat is deposited on the wall of the arteries as
4. Calcium – Milk, egg
cholesterol. The reason for this is accumulation of
5.  Phosphorus –  Banana, bajra, milk excessive nutrients in the body than a person needs.
6.  Iodine      –  Salt, fish, seafood This excess nutrition is converted into fat and stored
under the skin or on the walls of arteries as cholesterol.
D. 1. A diet which contain all the important nutrients in the
Such thickening leads to obesity, i.e., excessive weight.
right amount is called a complete or a balanced diet.
This excessive weight put extra pressure on the heart
Dietary requirement of each and every individual is
and increase the chances of the person developing heart
different. For example an energetic person needs
problems. This slows down the flow of blood. Eventually,
more carbohydrates and a growing child needs more
it can lead to a heart attack, which can be fatal.
protein.
2. (a)  S   (b)  R   (c)  S
2.  Certain cooking methods which can destroy the
nutrients present in the food are : 3. Though fats contain more energy than carbohydrate
  W
ashing raw vegetables after chopping them. still fats are not considered a healthy nutrient because
  C
ooking food for too long in open vessel. they contain a substances called cholesterol and
  R
oasting food too much. consumption of too much cholesterol can lead to heart
diseases.
  C
ooking food by deep frying it.
Application Based Questions Skill Based Question
A. 1. W
 e should drink at least 7-8 glasses of water
everyday because it helps in transport of substances Proteins Proteins
within the body, helps to absorb nutrients from food,
Ca
Ca

rb

helps to throw out waste, such as urine and sweat Fats

rb

oh

Fats
oh

yd

from the body and also helps to maintain a constant

yd

ra
ra

te

body temperature.
te

s
s

2. 
Optimum exposure to sunlight leads to strengthening An adult 10 year old
of bones because sunlight is rich source of vitamin
D, which helps in the strengthening of bones.

Science Class-6 5
 Chapter 3 : Fibre to Fabric Application Based Questions
A. 1.  This was done because stitching needle was not
Worksheet No. 1 invented and stitching was not known at that time.
Knowledge Based Questions 2. Coir is used to make mattresses because it
A. 1.  (c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) provides perfect ventilation, give cooling sensation,
it is resistant to fire, safe to health, slightly durable,
B. 1. Retting 2.  Shearing
3. Natural, artificial 4. Yarn, fibres 5. Wool, silk friendly to the environment and add support as they
C. 1. True are naturally springy.
2. False –  Outer covering of coconut is known as coir. 3. We wear cotton clothes during summer because it is
3. False –  Cotton is obtained from seed of cotton plant. very light and is a good absorbent.
4. True 5.  True
4. Jute is used as packing material due to its strength. It
D.  1. Fleece of sheep  –  Wool
2. Spinning –  Fibre to yarn is also eco friendly as it does not cause any pollution.
3. Sericulture –  Silk Jute has openness in its weave, which allows air to
4. Ginning –  Cotton circulate while protecting the contents.
5. Patsan –  Jute 5. Woollen clothes are good for wearing in cold weather
Understanding Based Questions because it retains air between the fibres, so it is fluffy.
This enables it to retain body heat.
A.  1. Slik – It is an animal fibre, while others are plant
fibres. B. Across Down
2. Shearing – It is the process of obtaining wool fibre, 3.  LINEN 1.  GINNING
while others are the process of obtaining 7. POLYESTER 2. KNITTING
cotton fibres.
9. SPINNING 4. LOOM
3. Charkha  – It is a machine, while others are not.
10. AUSTRALIA 5. SERICULTURE
4. Linen  – It is a natural fibre, while others are
synthetic fibres. 11. FABRIC 6. BLACK
5. Nylon – It is a synthetic fibre, while others are 8. YARN
natural fibres. C. 
B. 1. KNITTING 2.  SERICULTURE 3. RAYON A. GINNING B. SPINNING
4. HANDLOOM 5. SCUTCHING 6.  RETTING It is the process of It is the process of
removal of fibres twisting of cotton fibres
C. 1.  Ginning Retting from cotton seeds. to from yarn.

a. The process of a. The process of

separating cotton immersing jute plants
fibres from its in water for few days to
C. WEAVING D. KNITTING
seeds is called soften the tissue so that
It is the process It is the process of mak-
ginning. fibres can be separated
of arranging two ing a piece of fabric from
easily is called retting. a single yarn.
yarns together.
b. It can be done b. It is a manual process.
manually or by LOOMS
machines.

2.  Spinning Weaving

E. HANDLOOMS F. POWERLOOMS
a. The process of a. It is the process of
Looms which are operated Looms which are oper-
twisting of cotton arranging two yarns manually by hand are ated by power are called
fibres to form yarn together. called handlooms. power looms.
is called spining
b. It is done through b. It is done through looms. HOTS Questions
takli or charkha.
1.  Ruhi can identify by burning the fabric. If it burns with a
3.  Sericulture Shearing smell of paper or hair, then it is a natural fibre. If it burns
a. The rearing of a. The removing of the with a smell of chemicals, then it is an artificial fabric.
the silkworm for wool from sheep is
2.  Coir cannot be used to make clothes, because it is very
production of silk is called shearing.
hard, rough fibre and washing and maintaining such
called sericulture.
clothes would not be easy. Coir is mostly used to make
b. Organism is killed in b. Organism is not killed in doormats, carpets and other materials.
the process. the process.

6 Science Class-6
Skill Based Question
A.

Part of plant Largest Conditions required

Fibre from which it is producer Tempera- Amount Processing steps
obtained country Types of Soil
ture of Rainfall
Black soil, Ginning, spinning, weaving,
Cotton Seeds China 24°C Moderate
Alluvial soil knitting
Jute Stem India Alluvial 25°C Plenty Harvesting, retting, drying
Flax Stem Canada Alluvial, loamy 8°C - 10°C Low Uprooting, retting, drying, scutching
Coir Husk Indonesia Silt loam soil 28°C - 37°C Plenty Retting, spinning

Worksheet No. 2 2. Early men did not know anything about clothing.
They use to live in tropics where the climate is warm.
Knowledge Based Questions When they moved to colder regions, they felt the
necessity of wearing clothes. Slowly people started
A.  1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (c) covering their bodies with animal skin, bark, leaves
B. 1.  Fabric 2.  Spinning 3.  Cotton balls and grasses. After the discovery of stitching needle,
4.  Looms 5.  Charka fitted clothes were made.
C. 1.  It is the process of arranging two yarns together. D. 1.  Yarn Fibre
2.  The ginned cotton is pressed into bundles, called a. It is the thread ob- a. Thin, long structure
bales. tained after twist- obtained naturally or
3.  The process of soaking jute stalks in water to separate ing the fibres. artificially.
fibres. b. Fabric is made b. Yarn is made from it.
4.  Rearing of silkworms to obtain silk is called sericulture. from yarn.
5.  Fibres manufactured entirely from chemicals are
called synthetic fibres. 2.  Linen Wool
6.  The process of removing wool from sheep is called
a. Fibre obtained from a. Fibre obtained from
shearing.
flax plant is called animals like sheep,
D. 1.  Natural 2.  Flax 3.  Stem linen. yak, goat, etc. is
4.  Air 5.  Yarn 6.  Cocoon called wool.
b. Linen clothes are b. Woollen clothes are
Understanding Based Questions wore in warm wore in cold regions.
regions.
A. 1.  False  – Cotton is a natural fibre as it is obtained from
plants.
3.  Coir Terylene
2.  False  – Yarns are made of fibres and fabrics are
made of yarns. a. It is a natural fibre. a. It is a synthetic fibre.
3.  False  – Clothes made from natural fibres gets b. It is used to make b. It is used to make
wrinkled easily. mats, ropes, floor clothes, plastic con-
4.  True  5.  True  6.  True coverings, to stuff tainers and packets
mattresses and to store food, etc.
B. 1.  WARP  –  The lengthwise yarn in the loom.
pillows, etc.
2.  RETTING  –  Removal of gummy plant matter from
stem of jute by dipping the plants in stagnant water
Application Based Questions
for several days.
3.  BALES  –  Bundles of pressed ginned cotton. A. 1.  Retting is done to soften the tissues so that fibres
4.  WEFT –  The crosswise yarn in the loom. can be separated easily.
C. 1. People living in different regions wear different types 2. Sunderban delta is formed by river Ganga. It
of clothes depending upon the climate of the region. provides the necessary conditions like warm and
humid climate, low land and plenty of water. Alluvial
People living in polar regions wear clothes made up soil receiving silt from annual floods also settle in
of wool, whereas people living in warm regions wear Sunderban which is required for jute.
cotton clothes.

Science Class-6 7
 3. Denim is a type of durable cloth which is made from B.  Jute and Silk
cotton. Cotton have the property of absorbing sweat
during summers, hence denim can be comfortably Procedure Observations Conclusions
wore during summer. 1. Spread the two Silk Jute is a rough
4. Linen is a natural fibre because it is obtained from fabrics. Feel their and hard to
Flax plant. texture. touch
B. Animal fibre Plant Synthetic
Animals that 2. Take equal Jute Jute is used to
fibre fibre
are source of amount of water in make clothing
fibres
two beakers. Dip materials. It
Cashmere Hemp, Rayon, Yak, Sheep, both the fabrics is suitable for
Wool, Linen, Terylene, Silkworm, and then squeeze wearing in
Angoora, Coir, Nylon Vicuna, water from them. summers.
Silk Cotton, Mink
Measure the
Jute,
remaining water in
Flax
each beaker.
C.
Properties of natural Properties of 3. Note the time Jute Jute is not
fibres synthetic fibres each takes to dry. suitable for
a. They absorb water a. They do not absorb rainy season.
water.
4. Observe which Jute Jute is more
b. They turns to ash on b. melt on burning fabric is more difficult to
burning. crushed. maintain than
c. Less durable. c. More durable. silk.
d. Burning smell is like d. Burning smell is like
paper or hair. chemicals.
Chapter 4 : Sorting Materials into
e. Easy to dye. e. Difficult to dye.
Groups
D. Cotton
1.  Used for making cloth materials like shirts, pants, etc.
2. Used for making artificial fibres like rayon, polyester, Worksheet No. 1
etc.
Knowledge Based Questions
3. Used in medicinal and cosmetic field for wiping.
4. Used for filling mattresses, pillows, quilts, etc. A. 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d)
Jute B. 1.  Hard 2.  Insoluble 3.  Transparent
1. Used for making packaging materials like gunny 4.  Denser 5.  Gold 6.  Less
bags or sacks.
2. They are woven into curtains, chair covers, carpets, C. 1.  Pen – Plastic 2.  Book – Paper
rugs, etc. 3.  Pencil – Wood  4.  Beaker – Glass
3. Some of them are used to make cloth fabrics. D. 1. Matter 2.  Opaque 3.  Liquid
4. They are spun into twine and ropes. 4.  Lighter 5.  Conductors 6.  Non-magnetic
HOTS Questions Understanding Based Questions
A.  When we burn cotton, it smells like paper because it
is made up of cellulose, which is obtained from plant. A. 1.  False  –  Silver is the good conductor of electricity.
Burning of wool smells like hair because it is obtained 2.  True
from hairs of an animal (sheep, yak, etc.) which contains 3.  False  –  Iron is denser than water and sinks in it.
protein.
4.  True
B.  Wick of a candle or a diya is made of cotton because
it is a good absorbent and absorbs the oil/burning fuel 5.  False  –  Metals shine because light gets reflected
from their surface.
uniformly through capillary action.
B. 1.  Sugar – It is soluble while others are
Skill Based Questions insoluble in water.
A.  Procedure Observations Conclusions 2.  Sponge – It is made of foamed plastic
polymers while others are made
1. Nylon In is used in swim- of paper.
wear and hosiery. 3.  Iron – It is magnetic in nature while
2. Cotton Cotton others are non-magnetic in
nature.
3. Cotton Nylon 4.  Wooden utensils  – They are non-lustrous while
4. Cotton Cotton others are lustrous.

8 Science Class-6
C. 1. INSULATOR 2.  LUSTROUS HOTS Questions
3. INSOLUBLE 4.  MATTER
1.  Jyoti will be spotted by Rahul at first. As window pane
D. 1.  Translucent substances are those substances which is transparent, Jyoti is clearly seen by Rahul. Because
allow light to pass through them partially or through wooden almirah and refrigerator are opaque so Pankaj
which we can see partially. Frosted glass and butter and Kritika are not seen by Rahul.
paper are translucent in nature.
2.
2. Based on the arrangement of tiny particles, the three Soluble/ Floats/
Materials Materials
states of matter are – solid, liquid and gas. Insoluble Sinks
Solid Liquid Gas Vinegar Soluble Pencil Floats
a. It has definite It does not have It does not
shape and definite shape have definite Sand Insoluble Eraser Sinks
volume. but has definite shape and
Chalk
volume. volume. Insoluble Plastic ball Floats
powder
b. Particles Particles are not Particles
are closely as closely packed are loosely Salt Soluble Dry leaves Floats
packed. as in solids. packed.
Sugar Soluble Iron nail Sinks
c. It is not It is compressible It is highly
compressible to a small extent. compressible. Wooden
Coconut oil Insoluble Floats
at all. piece
3. O
 n dissolving chalk powder in a beaker containing Sawdust Insoluble Stapler pin Sinks
200 mL of water, it is observed that chalk powder is
not dissolved and settled down at the bottom of the
beaker. Thus, chalk powder is insoluble in water.
Skill Based Questions
 n dissolving kerosene oil in a beaker containing
O 1. Brown – Pencil, chair and table are made up of wood.
200 mL of water, it is observed that kerosene oil Grey – Newspaper is made up of paper.
forms a separate layer at the top of the water. Thus, Red – Ball, lunch box and bucket with mug are made up
kerosene oil is immiscible in water. of plastics.
 o, chalk powder is denser than water and kerosene
S Green – Spectacles and glass are made up of glass.
oil is lighter than water. Black – Shoe, belt and jacket are made up of leather.
4. S
 ubstances that are attracted by a magnet are called 2. II. Ice-cubes – Shiny, solid, hard, translucent, soluble,
magnetic substances. For example, iron. good conductor of heat and electricity, lighter than
water i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.
Substances that are not attracted by a magnet are III. Newspaper – Non-lustrous, solid, soft, opaque,
called non-magnetic substances. For example, insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter
wood. than water i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.
E. 1. Kerosene oil  2.  Wood    3.  Lemon water IV. Sponge – Non-lustrous, solid, soft, opaque,
4.  Coin insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter
than water i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.
Application Based Questions V. Gold – Lustrous, solid, hard, opaque, insoluble,
good conductor of heat and electricity, denser than
A. Across Down water i.e., sinks in water and non-magnetic.
5. INSULATOR 1.  MAGNETIC VI. Cotton – Non-lustrous, solid, soft, opaque,
insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter
7. CLASSIFICATION 2.  SOLUBLE
than water i.e., floats initially but sinks after
9. CONDUCTOR 3.  DENSITY absorbing water and non-magnetic.
10. ATOMS 4.  TRANSLUCENT VII. Polybags – Non-lustrous, solid, soft, transparent,
6.  TRANSPARENT insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter
than water i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.
8.  OPAQUE VIII.  Stone – Non-lustrous, solid, hard, opaque,
B. 1.  Wood, paper insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, denser
than water i.e., sinks in water and non-magnetic.
2.  Cardboard, metal container IX. Ball – Non-lustrous, solid, hard, opaque, insoluble,
3.  Sponge, cotton bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter than water,
4.  Silver, mercury i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.
X. Butter paper – Shiny, solid, soft, translucent,
5.  Sand, chalk powder
insoluble, bad conductor of heat, insulator, lighter
6.  Wood, plastic than water i.e., floats on water and non-magnetic.

Science Class-6 9
 Worksheet No. 2 Application Based Questions
A. Across   Down
Knowledge Based Questions 2. RIGID 1.  FLUIDS
A. 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (d) 4. EDIBLE 3.  INSOLUBLE
B. 1.  Transparent 2.  Shiny 3.  Conductor 6. SONOROUS 5.  INFLAMMABLE
4.  Float 5. Leather 6.  Solids 8. MALLEABLE 7.  ODOUR
C. 1. Silver – Conductor 10. MATTER 9.  DUCTILE
2. Oxygen – Soluble in water 11. BRITTLE
3. Thin muslin cloth – Translucent 12. ELASTIC
4. Chalk powder – Insoluble in water B. 1. Cotton – Cloth, Pillow, Handkerchief, Curtain
5. Air – Transparent 2. Leather – Belt, Shoes, Jacket, Bag
6. Paper – Insulator 3. Paper – Calendar, Book, Newspaper, Diary
D. 1.  Classification 2.  Denser 4. Plastic – Ball, Bucket, Bottle, Pen
3.  Transparent 4.  Immiscible 5. Metal – Ring, Wire, Scissors, Knife
5. Atoms 6.  Gas 6. Wood – Almirah, Pencil, Table, Cardboard
7. Glass – Window pane, Spectacles, Glass, plate,
Understanding Based Questions Flower pot
A. 1. False  –  Switch-boards are made up of plastics as
they are poor conductors of electricity. HOTS Questions
2. True 1. Sunita would not be able to look at Arpita through the
3. False  –  Mercury is used in thermometers as it is a slides P and R. As Sunita painted the slide P with light
good conductor of heat.  blue, it is translucent and slide R with black, it is opaque.
4. False  – Aerated drinks contain carbon dioxide Slide Q is transparent. So, she will be able to look at
dissolved in water.  Arpita only through slide Q.
5. True 2. A substance which is denser than water will sink in water.
B. 1. Iron nail – It sinks in water while others float on water. A substance which is less denser (or lighter) than water
2.  Magazine – It is made up of paper while others are will float on water. As a piece of thermocol is lighter than
made up of metal. water, it floats on water while sugar candy is denser
3.  Orange – It is edible while others are non-edible. than water, so it sinks in water. The floating or sinking
4.  Muslin cloth – It is translucent while others are property of a substance depends on its relative density
transparent. with respect to water.
C. 1.  DENSITY 2.  TRANSLUCENT
3.  CONDUCTOR  4.  METAL Skill Based Questions
D. 1.  In winters, woollens keep us warm by trapping a lot 1. (I) Solid (II) Liquid (III) Gas
of air between the layers of woollen fibres. It prevents Solid Liquid Gas
the body heat from escaping out. Air being a poor Property
(I) (II) (III)
conductor of heat, does not allow the heat of the body
to flow out. not defi-
Shape definite not definite
2.  Fish respire through special organs called gills. nite
Gills are feathery organs full of blood vessels. A fish
Volume definite definite not definite
breathes by taking water into its mouth and forcing it
out through the gill passages. Oxygen is soluble in Attraction
very not very almost negli-
water. Water passes over the thin walls of the gills between
strong strong gible
and dissolved oxygen moves into the blood and molecules
reaches to the fish’s cells.
Space less
3.  tightly
Conductors Insulators between tightly far apart
packed
a. The substances a. The substances molecules packed
which allow heat or which do not allow Position of move around
electricity to pass heat or electricity to fixed not fixed
molecules freely
through them are pass through them
called conductors. are called insulators. 2.  I.  II.  III. 
b. E.g., silver and b. E.g., wood and IV.  V. 
copper. cardboard.

E. 1.  Stone 2.  Glucose 3.  Iron nail 4.  Plastic

10 Science Class-6
 Application Based Questions
Chapter 5 : Separation of
Substances A. 1.  CENTRIFUGATION 2.  SOLVENT
3.  RESIDUE 4.  DISTILLATION
5.  SUPERNATANT 6.  WEIGHTS
Worksheet No. 1 7.  MAGNET 8.  ALUM
9.  SIEVE 10.  LOADING
Knowledge Based Questions
B. Winnowing – Difference in weights
A. 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) Sieving – Difference in size
B. 1.  Magnet 2. Evaporation 3.  Winnowing Sedimentation and decantation – Insoluble solids which
4.  Saturated 5.  Distillation 6.  Increases are heavier than water
C. 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  Evaporation – Soluble solids from liquids
Magnetic separation  –  Magnetic and non-magnetic
D. 1.  Centrifugation 2.  Decantation 3.  Solution substances
4.  Pure 5.  Loading 6.  Distillation Distillation  –  Pure liquid from a solution is obtained
based on the difference in their boiling points.
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1.  True HOTS Questions
2.  False – Filtration can be used to separate 1. Saturated solution. She can dissolve the left out sugar by
components of a mixture of an insoluble increasing the temperature or by adding more water into
solid and a liquid. it. Solubility of solids in water increases with increase in
3.  True   4.  True temperature or by increasing the amount of solvent.
5.­  False  – Large quantity of salt can be dissolved into 2. Step-1 :  Sedimentation and decantation :
water on heating. Decant → Oil, water and salt
B. 1.  HOMOGENEOUS 2.  SOLUTION Sediment → Sand and iron filings
3.  SOLUBILITY 4.  PURE
Dry it
C. 1. Sedimentation-decantation to separate sand from
Use of magnet
salty water followed by evaporation and condensation
to obtain salt and water.
2. Solubility is the quantity of a substance that can be
dissolved in a fixed amount of another substance at Sand Iron filings
a given temperature. The solubility of solid in water
Separating
increases with an increase in temperature. The Step-2  : Decant funnel Oil
solubility of gas in water decreases with an increase Salted water
in temperature. Evaporation and
condensation
3. 
(a) Sieving  –  It is used when components of a
mixture have different sizes. The size of the
Salt Water
pores in the sieve depends on the size of the
particles of the constituent to be separated.
Skill Based Questions
(b) Handpicking  –  It is used when the mixture
contains substances of different colours, shapes 1.  Chalk powder, Mustard oil, Water, Coins
or sizes. The quantity of such substances is Sedimentation
usually not very large. and decantation
(c) Winnowing  –  It is used to separate heavier and
lighter components of a mixture by wind or by Sediment Decant
blowing air. It is used when there is a difference Chalk powder, coins Mustard oil, water
in weights of the components in a mixture. Separating
Magnet
funnel
4.  Saturated solution Unsaturated solution
It is a solution in which It is a solution in which Chalk powder Coins Mustard oil Water
no more solute can be some more solute can
dissolved at a fixed be dissolved at a fixed 2. I. Sieving : Refer to C.3 (a) (Understanding Based
temperature. temperature. Questions) e.g., semolina (Suji) from rice grains,
husk from wheat flour.
D. 1.  Mixture of sand and salt 2.  Churning II. Handpicking  : Refer to C.3 (b) (Understanding Based
Questions) e.g., stones from dal, potatoes chips from
3.  Separating funnel 4.  Handpicking
biscuits.

Science Class-6 11
 III. Winnowing : Refer to C.3(c) (Understanding Based
Questions) e.g., chaff from grain, husk from wheat
grains.
IV. Threshing  : It is the process of loosening the edible
part of cereal grains from the scaly, inedible chaffs
that surround them. It may be done by beating the
grains on the floor or by using a mechanical thresher.
e.g., grains from stalks.
Worksheet No. 2
Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (d)
B. 1.  Sedimentation 2.  Centrifugation
3.  Sieving 4.  Solute
5.  Immiscible 6.  Separating funnel
C. 1. Sugar-Water mixture – Evaporation-Condensation
2. Husk-Grain mixture – Winnowing
3.  Vinegar-Coconut oil mixture – Separating funnel
4. Sand-Water mixture – Sedimentation-Decantation
D. 1.  Homogeneous 2.  Solubility
3.  Churning/Centrifugation 4.  Condensation
5.  Constituents/Components 6. Evaporation
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1.  False  – The solubility of gases in water decreases
with increase in temperature.
2.  True
3.  False  – Rice and sand can be separated from their
mixture by sieving.
4.  True
5.­  False  – If no more salt can be dissolved in the
amount of water taken, the solution is said
to be saturated.
B. 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  6. 
C. 1. 
Refer to ans.2 (Skill Based Questions) Worksheet
No.1
2.  (a)  Homogeneous (b)  Heterogeneous
(c)  Homogeneous (d)  Heterogeneous
(e)  Homogeneous (f)   Heterogeneous
3.  Refer to C.3(b) (Understanding Based Questions)
Worksheet No.1
4.  Sedimentation and decantation.
Fine
particles Clear water
Muddy
water
Clear water
Decantation
Mixture of sand Coarse particles
and water (Sand settles down as
sediment)
D. 1.  CONSTITUENTS 2.  MIXTURE
3. UNSATURATED 4.  HETEROGENEOUS
12
E. 1.  Handpicking 2.  Salt-water
3.  Distillation 4. Evaporation-Condensation
Application Based Questions
A. Across Down
4.  Evaporation 1. Adulteration
7.  Crystallisation 2.  Threshing
8.  Husk 3.  Sedimentation
9.  Melting 5.  Temperature
6.  Solute
7.  Churning
B. Mixture (Sand + Salt + Water)
Filtration
Sand Salted water
(Solid) (Filtrate)
Distillation
Water Salt
(Solid)
Mixture (Chalk powder + Sugar + Water)
Filtration
Chalk powder Sugar solution
(Solid) (Filtrate)
Distillation
Water Sugar
(Solid)
HOTS Questions
1. Anushka should boil the sea-water in a kettle by keeping
a metal plate over it. On boiling, water evaporates
leaving behind the salt in a kettle. When the steam
comes in contact with the cool metal plate, it condenses
and forms pure liquid water.
2. As Anuj had dissolved salt in hot water, he would get
clear solution faster. Solubility of solid in water increases
with increase in temperature.
Karan would get a clear solution after some time as
he did the activity at room temperature whereas Ram
would take more time to get a clear solution as he had
dissolved salt in ice-cold water.
Skill Based Questions
1. I.   II.   III.   IV.   V.  
VI.   VII.   VIII.   IX.   X.  
Separating funnel is used to separate a mixture of two
immiscible liquids.
The mixture is taken in this funnel, the component which
is lighter forms the upper layer. When the stopcock is
opened, the heavier component (lower layer) flows out
leaving the lighter component behind.
2. I.  Winnowing – Sand-sawdust mixture, Heterogeneous
II.  Centrifugation – Butter-milk mixture, Homogeneous
III. Distillation – Water containing dissolved impurities,
Homogeneous
IV. Evaporation and condensation – Salt-water mixture,
Homogeneous
Science Class-6
    V. Separating funnel – Oil-water mixture, 2. (i) Souring of milk – Irreversible change
Heterogeneous (ii) Dissolving salt in water – Reversible change
  VI. Filtration – Tea leaves from tea, Heterogeneous (iii) Boiling of an egg – Irreversible change
(iv) Ironing of shirt – Reversible change
(v) Ripening of banana – Irreversible change
Chapter 6 : Changes Around Us (vi) Burning of paper – Irreversible change
Worksheet No. 1 3. T
 his phenomenon is based on the expansion and
contraction of materials on heating and cooling
Knowledge Based Questions respectively.
A. 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (d) The ring is slightly smaller in size than the wooden
B. 1. Fast     2.  Contraction handle. To fix the handle, the ring is heated and it
3. Glowing of a bulb    4.  Natural becomes slightly larger in size (expands). So that the
5. Reversible     6.  Chemical handle can easily fit into the ring. When the ring cools
C. 1. Dissolving – Physical and reversible change down, it contracts and fits tightly into the handle.
2. Baking of cake – Chemical and irreversible 4. C
 hanges which take place so fast that it is difficult to
change measure the time taken by them and they may occur
3. Burning of candle – Physical and chemical change in a few seconds or minutes are called fast changes.
4. Breaking of vase – Physical and irreversible change For example, breaking of glass, bursting of balloon,
D. 1. Heat 2.  Desirable etc.
3. Periodic 4.  Irreversible/Permanent Changes
 which take a long time to occur, may be
5. Exothermic 6.  Chemical hours, days, weeks or months are called slow
Understanding Based Questions changes. For example, revolution of earth around
the sun, growing of a child into an adult, etc.
A. 1. False  – Most of the physical changes are reversible.
Physical changes can also be irreversible D. 1. EXOTHERMIC 2. TEMPORARY
e.g., tearing of paper, breaking of vase, etc. 3. C  HEMICAL 4. CONDENSATION
2.­ False  –  Reverse of freezing is melting. E. 1. Contraction
3.­ False  – Dissolving of glucose in water is an 2.  aking a paper-aeroplane
M
endothermic change. 3. Freezing
4. False  – Evaporation of water at ordinary 4. Beating of heart
temperature is a slow change.
5. True 6.  True Application Based Questions
B. 1. Melting of wax – It is a physical, reversible change Across
A. Down
while others are chemical, irreversible changes. 6. FAST 1. PERIODIC
2.  Evaporation – It is a physical, reversible change 7. REVERSIBLE 2. NATURAL
while others are physical, irreversible changes. 10. CONTRACTION 3. EVAPORATION
3.  Occurrence of rainbow – It is a non-periodic change 12. HEAT 4. EXPANSION
while others are periodic changes. 5. PRESSURE
4.  Burning – It is a chemical change while a others are 8. CHEMICAL
physical changes. 9. FREEZING
C. 1. 11. CHANGE
Physical change Chemical change B. 1. Chemical changes : Rusting of iron, burning of wood
2. Fast changes : Lighting up of matchstick, glowing of
a. In this change, no a. In this change, new
bulb
new substance is substance is formed
3. Undesirable changes : Rotting of fruits, souring of milk
formed. having different physical
4. Physical and irreversible changes : Plucking of
and chemical properties.
flower, tearing of paper
b. They are temporary b. They are permanent 5. Periodic changes : Occurrence of day and night,
and most of these are and cannot be easily motion of a swing
reversible. reversed. i.e., irreversible. 6. Physical and reversible changes : Boiling of water,
c. In this change, c. These changes take melting of ice
molecules present place as a result of
in the substance a chemical reaction HOTS Questions
remain the same between the molecules
but the shape, size of substances and a new 1. B
 urning of a candle involves both physical and chemical
or position of the substance is formed. changes. Burning of wax to form carbon dioxide is
substance changes. For example , burning of a chemical change while melting of wax during this
For example, folding of paper, baking of roti process is a physical change.
paper, kicking a football

Science Class-6 13
2. Inflation of balloon is a physical, reversible change. 4.  Inflating of a balloon – It is a reversible change while
Bursting of balloon is a physical, irreversible change. others are irreversible changes.
C. 1. B
 reaking of an egg and tearing of paper are physical
Skill Based Questions changes but are also irreversible changes.
1. I. Periodic and desirable 2. Changes which repeat themselves after regular
intervals of time are called periodic changes. For
II. Periodic and desirable
example, beating of heart, motion of a pendulum, low
III. Non-periodic and non-desirable and high tides in ocean.
IV. Non-periodic and non-desirable Changes which do not repeat themselves regularly
2. Ripening of banana – Chemical, irreversible and slow are called non-periodic changes. For example,
change volcanic eruption, thunder and lightening, landslides.
Knitting – Physical, reversible and slow 3. B
 urning of LPG gas in a kitchen involves both
change physical and chemical changes. The gas inside the
Evaporation – Physical, reversible and slow cylinder is in the liquid form under high pressure.
change When we open the knob, pressure decreases and
Melting of gold – Physical, reversible and slow this converts into gaseous state (physical change)
change and then burns with yellow flame (chemical change).
Boiling of potatoes – Chemical, irreversible and slow 4. C
 hange is an act or process through which something
change becomes different in colour, shape, size, position,
Breaking of flower – Physical, irreversible and fast state or internal structure. A change in which heat
vase change energy is given out is called exothermic change. For
example, burning of coal.
Worksheet No. 2 A change in which energy in the form of heat
is absorbed is called endothermic change. For
Knowledge Based Questions example, cooking of food.

A. 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) D. 1. VAPORISATION 2.  PERMANENT

4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (d) 3.  REVERSIBLE 4.  EXOTHERMIC
B. 1.  Reversible 2.  Periodic 3.  Reversible E. 1.  Bursting of a balloon 2.  Weathering of rocks
4.  Curdling of milk 5.  Reversible 6. Chemical
3.  Formation of eclipse 4.  Switching on fan
C. 1.  Heat evolved – Exothermic
2.  Heating of metal  – Expansion Application Based Questions
3.  Heat absorbed – Endothermic
4.  Cooling of metal – Contraction A. 1.  CONDENSATION 2.  NON-PERIODIC
D. 1.  Temporary/Reversible/Physical change 3. PHYSICAL 4. ENDOTHERMIC
2.  Pressure 3. Endothermic
5. UNDESIRABLE 6.  SUBLIMATION
4.  Non-periodic 5.  Non-desirable
6.  Change 7. DISSOLUTION 8.  FUSION
9.  TEMPORARY 10.  IRREVERSIBLE
Understanding Based Questions
B. 1.  Physical and reversible
A. 1.  False  – Cooking of food is desirable while spoiling
2.  Chemical and irreversible
of food is non-desirable change.
2.  True 3.  Physical and irreversible
3.  False  – Solids expand or contract the least, while 4.  Chemical and irreversible
gases expand or contract the most.
5.  Physical and reversible
4.  True
5.  False  – Digestion of food is a chemical change. 6. Physical and irreversible
6.  True
B. 1. Blinking of eye – It is a fast change while others are
HOTS Questions
slow changes. 1. Breaking of an egg is a physical and irreversible change
2. Rotting of an egg – It is a chemical change while as no new substance is formed. Making an omelette
others are physical changes. on tawa is a chemical and irreversible change. Heating
causes the egg’s protein to change permanently in
3. 
Ripening – It is a chemical change while others are
texture and in appearance through a process called
physical changes.
denaturing.

14 Science Class-6
2. Passing of a year can bring a marked change in the C. 1.  Trunk 4.  Venation 2.  Stomata
weather and the surrounding environment. The four 5.  Corolla 3.  Node 6.  Radical
seasons – winter, spring, summer, autumn can vary
significantly in characteristics and can prompt the Understanding Based Questions
changes in the world around them. Changes of the
season are natural and periodic changes as they A. 1.  True
occur naturally on their own and repeat themselves 2.  False  – The branches that arise from the main root
in a particular time interval. These are also slow and are called lateral / branch / secondary roots.
desirable changes. 3.  True   4.  True 
5.  False  – The flower is the reproductive part of a
Skill Based Questions flowering plant.
1. First on heating, liquid changes into water vapours (gas)
B. 1. Node  – It is a part of stem, while others are part of
and fill the air in balloon and it inflates. After removing
leaf.
from pan, cooling takes places and water vapours
condensed back to liquid water and balloon deflates. 2. Pistil  – It is the female part of a flower, while others
are the male part.
2. Filtration – i Desirable
ii Fast 3. Root  – It is the part of root system, while others are
iii Reversible part of shoot system.
iv Physical C. 1.  HERBS 2.  INTERNODE 3.  LAMINA
v Man-made 4.  OXYGEN 5.  OVARY 6.  STAMEN
Crystallisation – i Desirable D. 1.  Tap root system Fibrous root system
ii Slow
iii Reversible a. The main root from a. A number of similar
iv Physical which a number of sized roots arise from
v Man-made secondary roots arise the base of the stem
are called the tap are called fibrous
Photosynthesis – i Desirable roots. roots.
ii Slow
b. The middle root is thick b. These roots are thin
iii Irreversible
and thin lateral roots and almost equal in
iv Chemical
branch out from it. size.
v Natural
c. Example – Mango, c. Example – Grass,
Churning – i Desirable neem, etc. maize, etc.
ii Slow
iii Irreversible
iv Physical 2.  Parallel venation Reticulate venation
v Man-made a. The veins run parallel a. Veins are arranged
Digestion – i Desirable to one another from in a net like pattern
ii Slow base to the tip of the on both sides of the
iii Irreversible leaf. midrib.
iv Chemical b. Example – Banana, b. Example – Peepal
v Natural onion, etc. mango, etc.
Charring of sugar – i Non-desirable
3.  Creepers Climbers
ii Fast
iii Irreversible a. Plants that cannot a. Plants which climb
iv Chemical stand upright and up with the support of
v Man-made spread on the ground neighbouring
are called creepers. structures are called
climbers.
Chapter 7 : Getting To Know Plants b. Example – Mint, b. Example – Money
gourd, etc. plant, pea, etc.
Worksheet No. 1
E. 1. The functions of roots are as follows :
Knowledge Based Questions a. It fixes the plant to the soil.
A. 1. (b)  2. (c)  3. (c)  4. (a)  5. (b)  6. (b) b. It absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
B. 1.  Perennial 4.  Petiole 2.  Root cap c. It help in holding the soil together. Thus prevents
5.  Pollination 3.  Reticulate 6. Embryo soil erosion.

Science Class-6 15
 The functions of stem are as follows :
a. It helps to keep the plant upright.
b. It bears leaves and holds them in a way so that
they receives enough light.
c. It transports water and minerals from the roots to
leaves and then takes the food from the leaves to
the storage organs and other growing parts.
2. Leaves make food for the plant. The process by which
green leaves prepare food in the form of glucose for
the plant with the help of carbon dioxide and water
and in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll is
called photosynthesis.
Skill Based Question
A. Activity  –  To demonstrate the process of transpiration in
plants.
Materials required  –  Potted plant, polythene bag
Procedure  –  Take healthy potted plant and tie a
polythene bag in one of its leafy branch. Place the plant
in the sun.
Observation  – After few hours we will observe water
droplets in the polythene bag.
Result  –  Leaves of the plant showed transpiration.
Inference  –  Transpiration, i.e., evaporation of water
occur through leaves.

Carbon Worksheet No. 2

Water Food Oxygen
dioxide + Sunlight +
(H2O) (Glucose) (O2)
(CO2) Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1.  (c) 2.  (a) 3.  (a) 4.  (c) 5.  (c) 6.  (a)
Application Based Questions
B. 1. Tall plants with a hard and thick brown stem are
A. 1. We cannot easily pull out the plants from soil, called trees. e.g., neem, mangos, etc.
because the roots hold the soil very tightly, as they 2. The part of plant which is above the soil is called the
are anchored into the soil. shoot system.
2. 
Stem is considered as a two way street because it 3. The main vertical root of a plant is called as the tap
transports materials in both the direction. It transports root.
water and minerals from roots to upper parts of the 4. The process by which green leaves of a plant
plant and transport food from leaves to stem and prepares food with the help of carbon dioxide, water,
roots. sunlight and chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.
5. Thick vein present in the middle of a leaf is called as
B. Across Down the midrib.
1. TRUNK 1. TRANSPIRATION 6. Bead–like structure present inside the ovary which
2. BANYAN 3. CARPEL develops into seed is called an ovule.
7. RETICULATE 4. SPINE
C. 1. Creepers – Melon and gourd plants
8. SEPAL 5. FRUIT
2. Fibrous roots – Parallel venation
9. FLOWERING 6. OVARY 3. Prop roots – Banyan and rubber tree
12. PEDICEL 8. SUNLIGHT 4. Stem – Transports water and minerals
9. FILAMENT 5. Leaves – Possess chlorophyll
10. BARLEY 6. Petals – Brightly coloured and attractive
11. TULSI
C. a. A.  Stigma B.  Style C.  Ovary Understanding Based Questions
  D.  Anther E.  Filament F.  Ovule A. 1.  True  2.  True    3.  True   4.  True
b. (i)   Anther 5. False  – In parallel venation, the veins run parallel to
one another.
(ii) It receives pollen grains from the anther.
B. 1. Henna  –  It is a shrub, while others are herbs.
HOTS Questions 2. Carrot  –  It has reticulate venation, while others have
parallel venation.
1. 
This is done to remove the chlorophyll. Boiling in alcohol 3.  Petiole  –  It is a part of leaf, while others are flower
extracts the chlorophyll and this ensures clear change in parts.
colour on applying iodine solution on it.
C. 1. 
2. 
This is because these plants have weak stems that Stamen Carpel
cannot stand upright, hence they take support of a. It is the male part of a. It is the female part
neighbouring structure to climb. a flower. of a flower.
3. A honey bee visits a flower to collect nectar. It uses this b. It has two parts – b. It has three parts
nectar to form honey. While collecting honey, pollen anther and filament. stigma, style and
grains stick to its body which gets transferred into ovary.
other flowers of same or different plant. Thus it helps in c. Its anthers contain c. Its stigma receives
pollination. pollen grains. pollen grains.

16 Science Class-6
 2. Root Stem 2. 
If the veins in a leaf run parallel to one another
from the base to the tip of the leaf, the leaf is said
a. It is the part which a. It is the part which
to have parallel venation and it has fibrous root
usually grows below grows above the
system. But if the veins are arranged in a net like
the ground. ground.
pattern on both sides of the mid rib, the leaf is
b. It grows towards and b. It grows upwards said to have reticulate venation and it has tap root
underground gravity towards the direction system.
and absorb water of the sun.
and minerals.
HOTS Questions
c. It does not bear c. It bears leaves,
anything. flowers and fruits. 1. As water escapes or evaporates from the leaves, the
roots pull more water from the soil due to transpiration
3. Photosynthesis Transpiration pull. This water brings with it the nutrients required by
the plant from the soil.
It is the process by  he removal of
T
which green leaves in excess water in the 2. It is because it has hard stem, with branches that arise
the presence of sunlight form of water vapour near the base of the stem. But herbs have soft green
and chlorophyll prepares through stomata is stems of short height.
food for the plant with the called transpiration. 3. When Ravi added baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)
help of water and carbon in the beaker containing test tube A, it provided carbon
dioxide. dioxide necessary for photosynthesis. Thus, the rate
of photosynthesis became higher in test tube A and
hence more oxygen was released and collected in it as
D. 1. Photosynthesis    2. Stamen
compared to the test tube B.
3. Fibrous root system    4. Shrub
E. 1. VEINS – L
 ateral branches arising from Skill Based Questions
midrib
2. BANANA – Parallel venation A. S. Plant Height Stem Category
Branches
3. RHIZOME – Underground stem of ginger No. name (Small/ (Soft/ (Herb/
Medium/ Hard) Arising Arising Shrub/
4. STYLE – Long middle part of a carpel
Tall) from much Tree)
5. CHLOROPHYLL – Green pigment present in leaves base above
6. PERENNIAL – M
 ango, guava, neem, peepal, the
babool ground

Application Based Questions 1. Coriander Small Soft  Herb

A. 1. This is because, the pea plant is a climber and it 2. Lemon Medium Hard  Shrub
needs support to climb by holding on to an object and
thus tendrils provide support to the plant. 3. Neem Tall Hard  Tree
2. 
Gourd plant has weak stems which cannot stand
upright, and its fruits are heavy so the plant can not 4. Banana Medium Soft  Herb
support the weight of it. Hence, it spreads on the
ground. 5. Tulsi Small Soft  Herb
3. 
Iodine test is done to check the presence or absence
of starch. The leaf of a plant prepares food in the form 6. Oak Tall Hard  Tree
of starch. Hence, when the leaf is treated with iodine
solution it shows a positive test. 7. Jamun Tall Hard  Tree
B. Parts of Leaf  – VEIN, LAMINA, PETIOLE
8. Paddy Small Soft  Herb
Parts of Flower – PETAL, OVULE, STYLE
C. 1. After one week she will observe that the plant died. 9. Mint Small Soft  Herb
This is because, applying grease will cover and
block the stomata. The exchange of gases during 10. Hibiscus Medium Hard  Shrub
photosynthesis will be stopped. It will also stop the
transpiration process.

Science Class-6 17
B. C. 1. Bones Cartilage
S. Plant Stem Spread on Type of
No. name (Weak/ ground / plant a. These are hard a. These are soft
Hard) Climbed up (Creeper/ structures. structures.
the support Climber) b. These can not bent. b. These can bent.
c. It forms the c. They are found in
1. Money plant Weak Climb up the Climber framework of ear and nose in
support skeleton in humans. humans.
2. Cucumber Weak Spread on Creeper
ground 2. Pivot joint Ball and socket joint
a. In this joint, the a. In this joint, the ball
3. Melon Weak Spread on Creeper
rounded surface of like surface of one
ground one bones fits into bone fits into a cup-
4. Grapevine Weak Climb up the Climber a ring formed by the like cavity of other
support other. bone.
b. It allows rotation only. b. It allows movement
5. Gourd Weak Spread on Creeper c. Joint between neck in all the directions.
ground and the head. c. Joint at the hip and
6. Mint Weak Spread on Creeper the shoulder.
ground 3. Locomotion Movement
7. Pea Weak Climb up the Climber
a. It is the movement a. It does not involve
support moving from one
from one place to
another. place to another.
b. It involves of
b. It involves walking,
Chapter 8 : Body Movements running, flying, etc.
heartbeat, digestion
of food, chewing,
Worksheet No. 1 etc.

D. 1.  When we raise our hand, the biceps contract and

Knowledge Based Questions
becomes harder. The triceps becomes softer and
A. 1.  (b)  2.  (a)  3.  (b)  4.  (d)  5.  (c)  6.  (d) relax. When we lower our hand, our triceps contract
B. 1.  Skeleton 2.  Gliding 3. Exoskeleton and becomes hard and our biceps relax and becomes
4.  Twelve 5.  Fins 6.  Hollow soft.
C. 1.  Cartilage 2.  Skull 3.  Joints 2. The adaptations found in birds that help them to fly
4.  Locomotion 5.  Foot 6.  Streamlined are as follows :
D. 1.  Snail –  Outer shell a. They have a streamlined body, which helps to cut
2.  Snake –  Long and flexible backbone the air current.
3.  Cockroach –  Powerful leg muscles b. Their bones are hollow and light which makes
4. Earthworm –  Bristles their body light.
5.  Fish –  Fins and flexible backbone
c. They have wings, whose flapping provides thrust
6.  Bird –  Hollow bones
and lift their body in the air.
Understanding Based Questions d. They have strong breast muscles which help them
A. 1.  True in flapping the wings during flight.
2.  False  – Earthworm moves with the help of muscles.
3.  False  – When we bend our arm, biceps contract and
Application Based Questions
triceps relax.
A. 1.  The joint between humerus and pectoral girdle is a
4.­  True ball and socket joint. In this joint the surface of one
5.­  False  – Joint present in the neck region is a pivot joint fits into the ball like cavity of other, allowing
joint. movement in all directions.
B. 1. Joint between vertebrae – It is slightly immovable,
2. It is difficult for earthworms to move on a smoother
while others are freely movable joints.
surface because they have hair like bristles to grip on
2. Cockroach – It has wings, while others do not have
the soil surface which is quite rough, which they can
wings.
not do on a smooth surface.
3. Biceps – It is a muscle, while others are bones.

18 Science Class-6
B. D. 1. ENDOSKELETON 2. HUMERUS
Across Down
3.  Cartilage 1.    Contraction 3. SHELL 4.  BONE
4.  Forelimbs 2.    Fracture 5. SETAE 6.  CARTILAGE
6.  Backbone 5.   Snail
8.  Pivotal
7.   Bristles Understanding Based Questions
9.  Joints
11.  Brain
10.  Skeleton A. 1.  False  – All the joints in human body do not allow
12.  Snake movement in all directions.
The bony structure shown in figure I is skull. The part
C.  2.  True
where a movable joint is present is C. C – Mandible. 3.  False  – There are 2 pairs of floating ribs in human
body.
HOTS Questions 4.  False  – The bones are harder than cartilage.
5.  True
1.  If human body did not have the bony endoskeleton then
we would not have a shape, neither we would have been B. 1.  Hinge joint Fixed joint
able to stand upright or walk.
a. In this types of joint, a. Joints which are fixed
2. If backbone in humans was made of a single bone then,
the concave surface and does not allow the
we would not be able to stand erect, sit down, bend and
of one bone fits into movement of bones are
walk.
the convex surface called fixed joints.
3. A sparrow can fly as its bones are hollow and light which of the other bone.
makes its body light. They also have wings with feathers. b. It is present in the b. It is present in the skull
Strong flight muscles help in flapping of wings during elbow. above the upper jaw.
flight. On the other hand, a duck have bones filled with
bone material which gives them stability to float. Their 2.  Locomotion in snail Locomotion in
webbed feet also helps them to float in water.
earthworm
a. The snail moves a. Earthworm has
Skill Based Question by creeping on a segmented body. It
flat foot present moves its body using
1. A. Pivot joint B.  Ball and socket joint
underneath their sets of muscles which
C. Hinge joint D.  Gliding joint body. contract and expand
E. Ball and socket joint F.  Hinge joint the body.
G. Gliding joint b. It has a special b. It has still hair like
gland that secrets projections called
2. (a) Gliding joint (b)  Gliding joint slimy mucus to setae to grip the
(c) Pivot joint (d)  Hinge joint make slippery track. ground.
(e) Ball and socket joint
C. 1.  There is a fluid in the cavity of synovial joint to reduce
(f) Hinge, gliding and ball and socket joint friction between articular cartilage and also to absorbs
shock.
Worksheet No. 2 2.  The body of fish is streamlined in shape, which
means narrow at the ends and broaden in the middle.
This types of shape offers least resistance to the flow
Knowledge Based Questions of water and allows the fish to move. The fish also
have fins which allow them to swim.
A. 1. (c)  2. (c)  3. (d)  4. (b)  5. (d)  6. (a)
D. 1.  Ball and socket – (b) – Hip joint
B. 1.  Spinal cord 2.  Vertebrae
2.  Hinge – (d) – Elbow joint
3. X-rays 4.  Movable
3.  Fixed – (a) – Joint in upper skull
5. Tendons 6.  Ligaments
4.  Gliding – (c) – Wrist
C. 1.  The framework of the body formed by the bones and
cartilages is called the skeleton. Application Based Questions
2. A tough elastic tissue, softer than a bone found at the
A. 1.  Bones in birds are hollow and strong because this
ends of bones.
makes their body light weight and help them to fly.
3.  The type of joint in which bones have flatten ends
2. Knee joint is an example of hinge joint because it
and can glide over each other.
allows movement only in one direction.

Science Class-6 19
 3.  When a snake moves, the body curves into many B. 1.  Biotic 2. Aquatic
loops. Due to this, the thrust allows the snake to 3. Acclimatisation 4.  Cone, needle-like
move forward very fast in a wave-like manner. 5.  Respiration
Hence, they do not move in a straight line.
C. 1. Mountain –  Deodar and pine
B. (i) Hinge joint – This joint allows movement in one 2. Submerged plains –  Highly divided leaves
direction only. Examples - elbow and knee joint. 3. Desert – Kangaroo rat
(ii) Pivot joint – This joint allows rotation only. Example - 4. Dolphin –  Blow holes
joint between the head and the neck. 5. Cow –  Give birth to young ones
(iii) Ball and socket joint – In this joint, the ball like end of 6. Frog – Live both on land and in
one bone fits into a cup-like cavity of the other bone. water
Example - hip and shoulder joint. D. 1. REPRODUCTION 2.  STIMULUS
C. 1. SPIN 2.  HINGE 3.  FEMUR 3. EARTHWORM 4.  PREDATOR
5. HABITAT 6.  SCALES
4. BACKBONE 5.  PIVOT 6.  LIGAMENT
7.   JOINT 8.  CRAWL Understanding Based Questions
9.   PELVIC 10. SLITHER
A. 1. False  – Aquatic plants carry out photosynthesis.
2. True
HOTS Questions 3. False  – Adaptation occurs over long period of time.
4.­ False  – Desert plants loose very less water through
1. Humans cannot fly because they do not have wings and
transpiration.
their bones are heavy which makes their body heavy.
5.­ True
They cannot slither because they do not have scales
and cannot make loops by curving their body. B. 1. Snake – It lays egg, while other give birth to young
2. Upper part of our ear is made up of elastic cartilage, ones.
which is hard. But the ear lobe (lower part) is made up of 2. Photosynthesis – It occurs only in green plants, while
fibrous tissue, fat and blood vessels. others occur in animals.
3. Desert – It is not a water body, while others are water
3. Teeth is made up of three layer i.e., enamel, dentine bodies.
and pulp. Bones are made up of collagen protein. Since
bones are not exposed they do not require protective C. 1. Terrestrial habitat Aquatic habitat
enamel layer. If a bone is broken, the collagen protein
a. Terrestrial habitats a. Aquatic habitats
can heal it, whereas if there is any infection by decay in
consists of habitats includes habitats in
a tooth, it cannot heal itself or regrow the lost tissue.
on land. water.
Skill Based Question b. It majorly includes b. It majorly includes
forests, grasslands ponds, lakes, river,
A. Skull – It protects the brain from injury. The movement of and deserts. etc.
lower jaw allows us to move.
B. Knee joint – It is a ball and socket joint. It allows 2. Mountain Grassland
movement in all the directions. a. A large land form that a. A large open area
C. Ribcage – It provides protection to heart and lungs. stretches above the covered with grass.
surrounding land.
D. Bone of the hand – It has gliding joint, which allows
bones to glide over each other, so side as well as b. Sheep, yak, etc. are b. Zebra, deer, etc. are
backward and forward movement can take place. found here. found here.
From the above images, it can be observed that the skull
bone has got injured. 3.  Submerged aquatic Floating aquatic
plants plants
Chapter 9 : The Living Organisms a. They grow under a. They are light, small
water completely in size and can float
and their Surroundings with flexible stem freely in ponds and
and long narrow lakes.
Worksheet No. 1 leaves. b. Their are lots of
b. Their leaves are empty spaces throu-
Knowledge Based Questions without pores but ghout their body
their stems have air which are filled with
A. 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a)
spaces. air.

20 Science Class-6
 Respiration 2.  We can conclude that when seed germinate rate
Breathing
4. of cellular respiration increases as it require more
a. Breathing is the a. Respiration is the energy. Some energy is lost in the form of heat due to
process of getting release of energy which temperature rises.
oxygen into the from the break down
lungs and carbon of glucose in living HOTS Questions
dioxide out of the cells.
lungs. 1. a. As the surface area of the leaves increase the amount
of water lost through them also increases.
b. It does not take b. It takes place in every
b.  Plants in deserts and mountains have spiny, needle
place in every living cell.
like leaves.
living cell.
 Spiny leaves help the plants to reduce the rate of
D. 1. Six characteristic of living organism are : transpiration and sustain their life in desert.
a. They need food to live.  Needle like leaves in plants present in mountainous
b. They breathe and respire. regions help them to survive in strong and frequent
winds, and also reduce the amount of water loss
c. Living organisms grow.
from the leaves.
d. Living organisms reproduce.
2. Adaptations are a result of continuous mutation and
e. They respond to stimuli. evolutions. It takes a long period of time to pass on the
f. They die after a certain age. changes gradually to the next generations.
2. C
 hanges in the structure or behaviour of an organism 3. Some living organisms can survive extreme
which allows it to survive in a particular habitat are environmental condition like volcanoes and poles
called adaptations. Adaptations are important for because they have adapted to those habitats and can
living organisms. Cactus is adapted to survive in sustain their life cycle. The adaptive features help them
a hot and dry climate of the deserts. The adaptive to survive in extreme conditions.
feature of cactus are :
a. M ost plants have long roots that go deep into the Skill Based Question
soil in search of water.
b. In cactus leaves are modified into spines to A  –  Cactus B  –  Lotus C  –  Hydrilla
minimise water loss. D  –  Camel E  –  Cat F  –  Bear
c. The stem is green that makes food for the plant.
d. The stem is swollen and fleshy to store water.
e. Cactus has a thick, waxy coating that prevents Worksheet No. 2
water loss and helps it to retain water.
Knowledge Based Questions
Application Based Questions A. 1. (b)  2. (b)  3. (d)  4. (c)  5. (a)  6. (d) 7. (c)

A. Across Down B. 1. Excretion is the process by which wastes and

3.  Organisms 1. Marine other non-useful materials are eliminated from an
5.  Stimulus 2. Respiration organism. Lungs, Kidneys and skin are the main
6.  Adaptation 4.  Germination excretory organs.
7.  Pond 7.  Prey 2.  Respiration is a process in which living cells obtain
8.  Acclimatisation 9.  Camel energy from food by breaking it down with the help of
oxygen taken in.
10.  Whale
3.  Plants growing in water are called aquatic plants.
B. 1. Plants do not move from one place to another They either float on water or live under water. Lotus
because their roots are inside the ground. They take and Hydrilla are two examples of aquatic plants.
water and minerals from the soil, so they are attached
4. Sea animals like dolphins and whales do not have
to the ground and do not move from one place to gills, they breathe in air through their nostrils or blow
another. holes which are present on the upper parts of their
2. Food is required for various life process and growth. heads.
Living cells can not survive without food. 5. A natural surrounding where a living organism lives
3. Submerged plants have highly divided leaves to is called its habitat or in simple words, home.
facilitate easy movement. 6. L
 iving organisms including plants, animals and
C. 1. The rise in temperature is due to cellular respiration microorganisms constitute the biological or biotic
in the seeds. environment.

Science Class-6 21
C. 1.  False  –  Soil and air are abiotic components of habitat. D. 1. A camel has the following adaptations that has
2.   False  –  Lakes are considered as aquatic habitat. helped it to survive in hot conditions of desert.
3.   True 4.  True 5.  True 6.  True a. Long eyelashes and ear hairs to protect the
D. 1.  Xerophytes     2.  Biotic eyes and ears from sand.

3.   In front of face 4.  Gills b. Long legs to keep its body away from hot sand.

5.   Closes its leaves c. Broad feet help in walking on the sand without
sinking in it.
Understanding Based Questions d. It can drink a huge quantity of water at a time
and can stay without water for a long time.
A. 1.  Giraffe  – It gives birth to young ones, while others
lay eggs. e. It loses very little water in the form of urine.

2.  Frog   – It lays egg, while others give birth to young f. Fat stored in a camels hump acts as a food
ones. reserve.

3.  Lotus   – It is an aquatic plant, while others are 2. In lions, there are few adaptive features which help
terrestrial plants. them to survive. They have eyes face forward or in
front of the face. The field view of each eye partly
B. 1.  overlaps the field view of the other eye. This allows
Acclimatisation Adaptation the animals to judge distances correctly. Its sharp
a. Changes that can a. Changes in teeth and long claws on its front legs, helps it to grab
occur in an organism the structure or and stab the prey. Its light brown colour help it to
over a short period behaviour of an hide in dry grasslands, where it hunts for its prey.
of time, which helps In deer also body colour helps it to blend into the
organism which
the organisms adjust surroundings, thus avoiding being caught by the
allows it to survive in predators. It has long ears to hear and recognize the
to the changes in its
surroundings is called a particular habitat the movement of predators. Eyes are present on the
acclimatisation. are called adaptation. side of the head, so that it can look in all directions.
b. It takes few days. b. It takes place It can run very fast. This helps the deer to run away
gradually over thou- from the predators.
sands of years.
Application Based Questions
2. Biotic components Abiotic components A. (a) I. Polar ice caps, II.  Coastal water
III. Ice cap and sea
All living things Soil, water, air,
including plants, temperature, rainfall, (b) Their three common features are :
animals and micro humidity and wind • They have thick layer of fat under the skin.
organisms constitute speed, these non- • They have fur/feather to protect themselves
the biotic components. living things from the from cold.
abiotic components. B. 1. Plants need sunlight to prepare their food through
photosynthesis and sunlight is available only during
 3. Ponds Oceans daytime.
2. F
 rogs have strong back legs which helps in leaping
a. Ponds are small a. Oceans are large
and catching the prey. They also have webbed feet
areas of fresh water water bodies having to help them in swimming.
surrounded by land. salt in them.
3. R
 espiration is process which generate energy to do
b. They do not have b. They have waves. all other activities. So respiration is necessary for all
waves. living organisms.

C. 1. False  – Plants show movement of leaves and C. 1.  Characteristic of living organisms
branches. Gills, respiration, blowholes, stimuli,
2. True growth, Reproduction, excretion
3. False  – Excretion takes place in all living organisms. Terrestrial habitats
4. True Forest, desert, grassland, mountain,
HAWK
5.  False  – Desert animals like rat, snake stay in
burrows deep in the sand to keep away Aquatic animals
from the intense heat during day-time. Whale, squid, crab

22 Science Class-6
 Abiotic components
Rocks, sunlight, soil, air, heat, water
Terrestrial animals
CAMEL, YAK, HORSE
Aquatic habitats
SWAMP, POND, OCEAN, RIVER, LAKE, SEA
HOTS Questions
1. Animals that hibernate eat a lot before hibernating
because usually they hibernate for long durations of few
months. And during that time they do not eat or drink,
hence they need energy during that period to survive.
This energy is stored by them before hibernating through
excessive eating, which results in increased weight
and fat of the body. It helps them to stay alive and also
supports their other life processes.
2. A bus moves like many other animals do but still it is not
considered as living organism because a bus does not
need food to live. It does not grow in size or weight on its
own. It does not breathe or reproduce like other animals.
3. The natural surroundings where a living organism lives
is called its habitat and the features which help an
organism to live in a particular habitat or environment is
called adaptation. Hence if the conditions in the habitat
changes it will bring forth the required adaptation in the
organism.
Skill Based Questions
A. Habitat – Aquatic (Pond, lake)
Organism – Duck
It helps the organism in swimming
B. Habitat – Desert
Organism – Camel
It helps the camel to walk on sand and prevents it to sink
on sand.
C. 
Habitat – Mountain region
Organism – Pine
Conical shape of the tree allows the snow to slide off easily.
D. Habitat –  Desert
Organism  –  Cactus
Leaves are reduced into spines, it helps the plant to
loose less amount of water.
E. Habitat –  Grassland
Organism –  Deer
These are grazing animals. Body colour blends with the
environment. Their eyes are present on the side of the
head which helps it to look in all directions and escape
danger by running away.
Science Class-6
Chapter 10 : Motion and
Measurement of Distances
Worksheet No. 1
Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1. (b)  2. (d)  3. (a)  4. (c)  5. (c)  6. (a)  7. (b)
8. (b)  9. (d)  10. (b)
B. 1.  14 : 35 2.  Rest 3.  Stopwatch
4.  Random 5.  Motion
C. 1.  SI unit of length – Metre
2.  Sewing machine’s needle – Periodic motion
3.  Length of forearm – Cubit
4.  Mega – 106
D. 1.  Measurement 2.  State of rest
3.  Curvilinear 4. Yard
5.  SI units 6.  Second
C. 1.  MOLE 2.  SECOND
3. KELVIN 4. AMPERE
5.  METRE 6.  CANDELA
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1.  False  –  The motion of Earth around the Sun and
motion of Moon around the earth are the
combination of curvilinear and circular motion.
2.  False  –  The motion of a drill cutting through a metal
piece is an example of downward translatory
motion.
3.  False  –  The length of a straight line is measured
using a metre ruler.
4.  True
5.  False  – A kilometre is 1000 times a metre.
6.  False  –  Mass has a SI unit i.e. kg
B. 1.  Millimetre –  It is not an SI unit.
2. A wall clock  –  It is at rest, while hands and second
hand undergoes periodic motion.
3. Aeroplane –  It is an air transport.
C. 1.  1.65 m  =  (1.65 × 100) cm  =  165 cm
1.65 m  =  (1.65 × 1000) mm  =  1650 mm
2.  The motion of cylinder is a combination of rectilinear
and rotational motion.
3.  The length of foot, arm, palm, finger etc. may vary
from person to person so it can not be used as a
standard unit.
4. In drawing water from a well, the bucket undergo
linear motion, but the pulley undergo rotational
motion. So drawing water from a well is a combination
of different types at motion.
5. Length of the book  =  5.7 cm – 1.5 cm =  4.2 cm
23
 6. Periodic Non periodic E. 1. ROTATIONAL 2.  MILLIGRAM
 otion which repeats Motion which does not
M 3. METRE 4. AMPERE
itself after regular repeat itself after regular 5. MOLE 6.  RECTILINEAR
interval of time. interval of time. 7. CIRCULAR 8.  SWING

D. (i)  10–6 (ii)  Measurement Understanding Based Questions

E. (i) MEASUREMENT   (ii)  PERIODIC MOTION A. 1. False  – Standard unit of temperature is kelvin.
(iii) OSCILATORY    (iv) KELVIN 2. False  – While travelling in a train, it appears that the
trees near the track appears to be moving
Application Based Questions and co-passengers remains stationary.
3. False  – More than one type of motion is possible by
A. Fastest F,  Slowest A
an object.
B. 1. Thickness when wound 40 times = 4 cm 4. False  – Symbol of units are always written in
\ Thickness of the string singular.
4 1 B. 1. A clock hanging on a wall  –  It is at rest.
= cm = cm = 0.1 cm
40 10
2. Pendulum  –  It only shows oscillatory motion.
C. Across Down
3. Mega metre  –  It is in positive power of 10.
3. FOOTSTEP 1. DISTANCE
4. Pascal  –  It is not under seven SI unit.
6. DECI 2. STREAMLINE
7. BEAMBALANCE 4. OSCILLATORY C. 1. Ball A is undergoing rolling as well as rectilinear
motion. Ball B is undergoing rectilinear motion only.
8. MOTION 5. PENDULUM
2. No, because in oscillatory motion, an object moves
about its position of rest but in vibratory motion, there
HOTS Questions
is no need of any fixed point to vibrate.
1. Length of the cloth = 5.5 m 3.  There are two major reasons for : using standard units
= 5.5 × 100 = 550 cm (i) To measure quantity accurately.
Length of smaller piece = 25 cm (ii) To convey their measurements to other people
550 cm in such a way that they understand the same
Number of smaller piece of cloth = = 22
25 cm thing easily or for the sake of uniformity.
2. The ball is undergoing rectilinear and rotational motion. 4. A stone dropped from a height moves straight down,
its motion is rectilinear but a ball thrown upward
3. 
Car A will reach first. Car A is showing rectilinear motion from a roof follows a curved path so its motion is
and car B is showing random motion. curvilinear.
5. A ball tied with a thread is whirled shows a circular
Worksheet No. 2 motion.
Knowledge Based Questions D. 1. Decametre 2. Kilogram
A. 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a)
Application Based Questions
B. 1. National Physical Laboratory (NPL)
A. 1. B and C are the extreme positions of the pendulum
2. Arm length
because the particle is not moving beyond B and C.
3. Uncia
2. A is the rest position of the pendulum.
4. Periodic
3. Oscillatory and periodic motions.
5. Millimetre
4. Yes, pendulum shows periodic motion.
6. Periodic
5. The time period of the pendulum
C. 1. A cockroach trying to hide, Rectilinear, Random Total time 5
= = = 0.25 s
2. Wheels of bicycle, Circular, Rotational Number of oscillations 20
3. Fan, Circular, Rotational
B. A, B and C show circular motion but O and D show
D. 1. Vernier callipers 2.  Periodic motion rotatory motion because the position of the blades is
rotating does not change but the blades itself moves
3. Random motion 4.  Cubit
round and round and OD simply rotate on the axis.

24 Science Class-6
 Across Down Chapter 11 : Light, Shadow and
C. 1. RANDOM 2. METRE SCALE
6. TRANSLATORY 3. ROTATORY
Reflections
4. SCREW GAUGE
Worksheet No. 1
5. CURVILINEAR

HOTS Questions Knowledge Based Questions

1. 1st paper piece  =  (4.5 –1) cm = 3.5 cm
2nd paper piece =  (9 – 6.5) cm = 2.5 cm
3rd paper piece  =  (11.5 – 9.5) cm = 2 cm
3 .5 + 2 .5 + 2 8
Average length = =
3 3
= 2.6 cm
2. (i) 9875 cm =   98  m  75   cm
(ii) 175 m =    0  km   175    m
(iii) 95 km 33 m =    95033  m
(iv) 15 cm 20 mm =    170  mm
3. Blades and the axle of fan are rotating about a fixed axis
which remains stationary.
4. When a body moves to and fro about a fixed point, it
is said to be in oscillatory motion. The motion which
repeats itself after a fixed period of time is called a
periodic motion. The earth completes its every rotation in
a time period of 24 hours, so it shows periodic motion but
it does not show oscillatory motion. While the pendulum
of a clock completes each oscillation in 1 second shows
oscillatory as well as periodic motion.
Skill Based Questions
1. Motion of the earth is a combination of
motions.
2. (I) Curvilinear motion
(II) Random motion
(III) Periodic motion
(IV) Rectilinear motion
(V)   Oscillatory and periodic motion
A. 1. (c)  2.  (c)  3.  (d)  4.  (i)  (c)  (ii)  (a)
B. 1. Shadow; an opaque, light, screen
2. A big; Two regions; Umbra; Penumbra
3. Screen          4.  Straight line
5. Opposite; Light source 6.  Light
C. 1. Objects which emit –  Luminous
light of their own
2. Objects which allow –  Transparent
light to pass through
3. Bouncing back of light  –  Reflection
4. Natural source of light  –  Sun
D. 1. Penumbra 2. Lateral inversion
3. Moon 4.  Transparent object
5. Light 6.  Eclipse
E. 1. TUBELIGHT 2.  SUN
3. STAR 4.  MOON
5. CFL 6.  MIRROR
7. LIGHT 8.  BULB
9. TORCH
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. False  – Mirror are non luminous and good reflectors
of light.
2. True
3. False  – As we move the object away from the light
source, the shadow of the object becomes
smaller.
4.­ True
5.­ False  – Only shiny surface reflect light like a mirror.
6. False  – Reflection is possible from all the surfaces.

3. Motion B. 1. Reflection – Except reflection all other are caused

by shadow.
2. Image –  Image is formed by reflection.
Non periodic Periodic Rotation 3. Earth – All other are natural sources of light.
4. Clear water – It is transparent in nature.
Movement Movement Movement C. 1. Transparent –  II, IV
does not repeated around own   Opaque –  I, III
repeat itself after a fixed axis or a   Translucent –  V, VI
at regular interval of fixed centre
interval of time. 2.
(b)  NOITCELFER
time.
Image formed by plane mirror is laterally inverted.
3. I. Natural source of light
II. Artificial source of light

Science Class-6 25
 Luminous object : Sun, Fireflies, Bulb, Lamp, HOTS Questions
Candle
1. The shadow will be shorter and opposite to the sun.
Non-luminous object : Moon
2. No, Avinash would not be able to see the flame because
4. (i) T
 he flame is seen only when the holes are light travels in a straight line.
exactly in a straight line because light travels in a
3. Yes, an object can form two or more shadows if there are
straight line.
two or more light sources.
(ii) The device is pinhole camera.
Pinhole camera
4. A boy should sit at position I so that he could save
himself from sun burn because the shadow of the tree
Paper with will form at position I.
pinhole
Skill Based Questions
Roll of chart Tissue paper Tin
paper 1. The best answer is (b).
D. 1. Light travels in a straight line. When light falls on 2. The shadow formed is always black in colour.
window it is obstructed by the window, and the light 3. (Sun) (Bulb) (Star) (Wood)
which passes through the gap is seen by us. Natural Artificial Luminous Non-Luminous
2.
Plastic scale is a translucent object, so light passes
through it partially. Hence, it is difficult to see through it.
3. If the distance between the object and the screen Source Object
keeps on increasing, then a stage is reached when
we do not see any shadow at all. However, shadow When blocked
are formed when the aeroplane and flying birds by an is a form
Shadow Light Energy
come close to the screen, i.e., ground on which their opaque of
shadow is formed. object casts
4. ‘AMBULANCE’ is written as ’ECNALUBMA‘ because
4. The room which has window made of clear glass is
when the reflected light from this incident on the
brightest because it can pass the light through it.
surface of mirrors of other vehicles, the mirrors reflect
that light and laterally inverted image is formed on
the mirror of the other vehicle. Worksheet No. 2
5. Shadow Image
Knowledge Based Questions
a. It is formed when a. The image of an
light from a source object is formed A. 1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (d)
is obstructed by an when light from the
opaque object. object reaches to our B. 1. Reflector 2. Rectilinear propagation
eyes after reflection 3. Bigger, smaller 4. Earth, moon
from the surface. 5. The Sun
6. Bounce back, regular/smooth
b. It is black in colour b. We can see details of
and we can not object in the image. C. 1. Tracing paper –  Translucent
accurately see the 2. Pinhole camera – A simple camera without any
details of object in lens
the shadow. 3. Mirror –  Reflection
4. Firefly –  Source of light

A
 pplication Based Questions
A. 1. X – Umbra Y – Penumbra
2. At III 3. At I
OPAQUE
4. is the correct image because mirror and
cardboard are at right angle.
B. 1. (d) 2. (b)
D. 1. Reflection 2.  Transparent
3. Moon 4.  Plane mirror
Z – Umbra 5. Shadow 6.  Regular surface
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. True
2. False  – The wider the light source, the less sharp
the shadow becomes.

26 Science Class-6
 3. False  – The shadow of an object seen in the west at
8 a.m. and in the east at 6 p.m.
4. False  – Surface of river is not an example of
luminous object.
5. True
6. False  – Sundials can be used to tell time when it is
a sunny day.
B. 1. Luminous  –  It is a type of source of light and others
are type of objects.
2. Body of a candle – All others are shiny objects.
3. Black paper  –  It is an opaque object.
4. Rear view  –  The images formed in plane mirror do
not give rear view of the object.
C. 1. I, A, T and U
2. We can not see in the dark because light gives us
sensation of vision. When light falls on an object, it
gets reflected and this reflected light enters our eyes,
hence we can see the object. In the dark room there
is no light so we can not see.
3. Mirror is an opaque object, i.e., it does not allow light
to pass through it.
C. 1.  III would be a transparent material because it will
pass all the light falling on it.
2. Yes, because shadow of the moving car is formed
when the light obstructed by the car on a sunny day.
D. (a)
HOTS Questions
1. Multiple images of the object are produced.
2. She observes that shadows formed by the sticks will be
different in size.
3. The instrument is periscope. Reflection on two mirror
makes easy for Asha to see the other side of wall. When
light coming from the object incident on the above mirror
is reflected and those reflected rays are again reflected
by the mirror at the bottom form image of the view of
other side of the wall.
Skill Based Questions
1. Eyepiece

4. In this situation, no shadow is formed because

transparent sheet can not act as screen. Card board
tube
5. Shadow is the smallest in size and in opposite
direction of the Sun.
6. As the distance between the object and the screen Mirrors
increases, the shadow on the screen becomes
End cap
larger.
7. It is not safe to see the sun directly because it emits 2.
harmful rays which can damage our eyes.
8. An image is formed in a mirror when the light coming
from an illuminated object is reflected by the surface
of the mirror.
D. Light
E. (i)   Transparent (ii)  Reflection
(iii)  Opaque (iv) Eclipse
F. (a)
3. Glass filled with coffee is opaque in nature because
Application Based Questions coffee has a brown colour which absorbs the most of the
light coming from the torch and form a dark shadow.
A. Transparent Translucent Opaque
AIR, SMOKE, WOOD, WINDOW,
GLASS, TISSUE MIRROR, STICK, Chapter 12 : Electricity and Circuits
WATER PAPER, CARDBOARD,
POLYTHENE BOOK, WALL, Worksheet No. 1
METAL, CAMERA
Knowledge Based Questions
B. (a) A. 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)
B. 1.  Generator 2.  Negative
3.  Dry 4.  Insulator
5. 
Electrical energy 6.  Tungsten

Science Class-6 27
C. 1. Rechargeable cell – Secondary cell C. 1. K1 and K2 switches should be closed in the circuit so
2. A source of energy which contains – Battery that only bulb A glows.
two or more electrical cells 2. N
 o, a piece of glass is used to connect the circuit
3. A point of connection for closing – Terminal is an insulator and current does not allow to pass
an electric circuit through it. So, the bulb will not glow.
4. Metallic element used to make – Tungsten
electric bulb filament D. (c)

D. 1. Electric circuit 2. Conductors

3. Switch 4. Filament
HOTS Questions
5. Cable 6. Positive terminal 1. M
 egha can connect positive terminal of the battery with
negative terminal of another battery in series through
Understanding Based Questions connecting wires in given manner as shown in figure.
A. 1. True
2. False  – Air is a bad conductor of electricity.
3. False  – Current cannot flow through a bulb with a + + +
broken filament.
4. True 5.  True 6.  True – – –
B. 1. Distilled water – It is an insulator.
2. Water – It is a conductor. 2. 
The bulb will not glow, because thread is an insulator, so
3. Generator – It is a circuit itself. electric current cannot pass through it.
C. 1. T
 he most common reason due to which bulb gets
fused is the breaking of the filament.
Skill Based Question
2. H
 uman body is a good conductor of electricity. This A  : Bulb – Gives light
is the reason we experience an electric shock when B  :  Cells – Provide electricity
we touch current carrying conductors.
C  : Slide switch – Control flow of current
3. In given circuit, the bulb does not glow because
D  : Reflector – To reflect and converge light
the key is open and hence, the electric circuit is not
complete. E  : Twisted metal wire – Facilitate flow of current and grip
to the cell
4. S
 ilver is a good conductor but it is not preferred for
making electric wires because it costs too much to The torch is not working because cells are not connected
the user. So copper and aluminium wires are used properly. Positive-positive terminals and negative-negative
instead. terminals of two batteries are connected with each other.
We can reverse the terminals of second cell to correct the
5.  Bakelite Metal
defect.
a. It is an insulating a. It is a conducting
material. material.
Worksheet No. 2
b. It is used to coat b. It is used to create
conducting substances path for electric current
to prevent electric to flow.
Knowledge Based Questions
shock. A. 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (d)
6. T
 o warn people of danger, writing “CAUTION” is not B. 1. Bejamin Franklin
enough as people do not give much attention on 2. An electric circuit
written signs. Also some people may not be able to 3. The metallic case, the metallic tip
read the message. Therefore a symbol of skull and 4. Aluminium, copper, bakellite
bones is used to warn people of the danger. 5. Opposite
6. Switches
Application Based Questions C. 1. A complete circuit with the
switch on – Closed circuit
A. Insulator –  Wood, Plastic, Mica, Door, Radio, 2. A complete circuit with the
Leather, Oil switch off –  Open circuit
Conductor – Aluminium, silver, Moist air, Coin, 3. A bulb that is not glowing –  Fused
Acid, Lead, Steel, Iron, Earth.
4. A conductor of electricity –  Graphite

28 Science Class-6
D. 1. Negative terminal  2. Electric cell
3. P  rimary battery 4. Button cells
5. Holder 6. Insulators
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. True
2. False  – We use AC power supply for voltage in our
houses to operate domestic appliances.
3. False  – Electric battery provides DC power supply
or DC voltage.
4. True
5. False  – The filament of a bulb is kept in vacuum
inside the bulb.
6. True
B. 1. Mercury battery – It is a primary battery.
2. Toy car – Button cells are not used in toy
car.
3. Brass – It is the conductor.
C. 1. T
 he glass chamber is evacuated which means that
it has vacuum inside, because if it is not done the
filament would simply burn on reacting with oxygen
in air.
2. An electrician uses gloves while working to avoid
an electric shock. Rubber gloves are made up of
insulating materials and do not allow the current to
pass through the electrician’s body.
3. B
 ulb (a) will glow because bulb has a filament with
no breakage.
4. A tap water contains some impurities due to which
it conducts electricity whereas distilled water is the
pure form of water and does not contain any free
electrons to conduct electricity.
5. P
 art B, it is the only part which glows on heating by
electric current. If this part has fault then the bulb will
not glow.
6. N
 o, a cell used in calculators can not give us an
electric shock because it uses button cells which are
very small source of electricity.
Application Based Questions
A. Across Down
4. ELECTRICITY 1. METAL
5. FILAMENT 2. SILVER
6. DRY CELL 3. ELECTRIC
B. 1. If S1 is closed, only bulb B will glow because current
will pass through the bulb B only and the circuit is
complete. For bulb A, circuit is incomplete so current
will not pass through it. Hence it will not glow.
2. (a) – insulator (b) – conductor
(c) – insulator (d) – conductor
(e) – insulator (f) – conductor
Science Class-6
(g) – insulator (h) – insulator
(i) – insulator (j) – insulator
(k) – insulator (l) – insulator
C. 1. (c)   2. (a)
HOTS Questions
1. Yes, bulb will glow. Because banana is a conductor as it
contains potassium in it and it also contains some liquid.
2. No, he will not get an electric shock because wires are
made of conductors but coated with insulated materials.
He will not get an electric shock until unless the wire has
a cut.
Skill Based Questions
A. 1. Wires 2.  Insulators 3.  Current
4. Metal 5. Aluminium 6.  Conductors
7. Current 8. Electric shock
9. Insulating materials 10.  Bakelite
B. A solar cell converts solar energy into
electricity.
Chapter 13 : Fun With Magnets
Worksheet No. 1
Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (b)
B. 1. Magnetite 2.  North, South
3. Magnetic compass 4.  Repulsion
5. Repel 6.  Not attracted
C. 1. A magnetic material –  Nickel
2. The ends of a magnet –  Poles
3. The property of magnets –  Magnetisation
4. North pole to north pole –  Repulsion
D. 1. Magnet 2. Poles
3. Magnetic field 4.  Compass
5.  Maglev trains 6. 
Natural magnets
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. False  – If a bar magnet is broken into two pieces
then each piece is a magnet.
2. True
3. False  – Magnets can pull or push objects that enter
their magnetic field.
4. False  – All the conductors are not magnetic
substances.
5. True
6. False  – A comb does not attracted by a magnet.
B. 1. Copper  – It is not magnetic substance.
2. Lodestone  – It is natural magnet.
29
C. 1. The two poles of a magnet, i.e., north and south Skill Based Questions
poles, always exist together. It means that a magnet
cannot have a single pole. The two poles cannot be 1. Safety pin Metal scale
separated by any means. So no matter how many
times we divide a magnet, it will always have a north Needle Thumbtacks
pole and a south pole. Hence, two poles of a magnet
cannot be isolated as they exist in pairs. Nails Iron ring
2. There are four north poles and four south poles.
Staples Steel plate
3. Magnet B will move in anti-clockwise direction.
4. Pair (B) of magnets will attract each other because Steel screw Nickel coin
unlike poles attract each other.
5. Magnets tend to become weaker after some time if
their poles are left free. To avoid this, bar magnets
are kept in keepers.
D. (i) Lodestone (ii)      Magnetism 2. Attraction of unlike poles
(iii) Needle (iv)  Repulsion S N
S
Application Based Questions

Repulsion of like poles N S N
A. Magnetic  –  Iron, Coin, Steel, Nickel
N S S N N S
Non-magnetic  – Matchstick, Copper, Silver,
Aluminium, Silk, Paper
Worksheet No. 2
B. S N S N S N
S
N Knowledge Based Questions
Bar magnet Cylindrical Dumbbell - Rectangular
magnetic shaped magnet magnet
A. 1.  (d) 2.  (c) 3.  (d) 4.  (c) 5.  (d) 6.  (a)
S N B. 1. Cannot 2.  South, North
N S S
N 3. Electromagnets 4.  Temporary
Ring - shaped magnet U - shaped magnet Horse - shoe magnet
5. North-South 6.  Opposite, same
C. 1. Yes, the nail will behave as a magnet. This kind of C. 1. Core of the earth – A giant magnet
magnet is known as electromagnet. This can be 2. Direction of the compass –  North-South
seen by placing a compass or a few iron nails near 3. Permanent magnet – Steel
the nail.
4. Have magnet inside – Door bell
2. S
 he can bring the magnet near the heap of wood
shavings. The nails will attract towards the magnet D. 1. Magnetic force 2. Magnetic compass
even if the magnet is at a small distance from the 3. Single touch method 4. Electromagnets
nails. She can separate the nails quickly and easily 5. Keepers 6.  Demagnetisation
from the wood shavings.
3. A floppy disk contains magnet. When a bar magnet is Understanding Based Questions
kept near a floppy disk then its working gets affected
and it starts malfunctioning. A. 1. False  – A horse-shoe or U-shaped magnet need
only one keeper to preserve its strength.
HOTS Questions 2. False  –  The effect of magnet works through solid,
air and water.
1. 
As the rectangular piece is attracted by both north and 3. True
south poles of the magnet then it must be a magnetic
4. False  –  One should store magnets in a closed
material. Magnetic substances (except magnets) do not
containers.
have poles.
5. False  –  Magnetic strength of a magnet is not
2. 
Ravi observed that the bar magnet will first move towards
uniform throughout the body of the magnet.
steel object (magnetic substance) and then align itself in
a north-sourth direction. This happens because a freely 6. True
suspended magnet always align itself with geographic
B. 1. Camera –  It has non-magnetic substance.
north-south direction.
2. Computer –  It has magnet in it.

30 Science Class-6
C. 1. Because attraction can occur between unlike poles 2. There are several methods of making magnets from iron
and also between magnetic substances and magnet pieces. The simplest method is single touch method.
but repulsion occurs between two magnets only. Himanshi can take a piece of iron
2. Place two rods (A and B) as shown and place it on a plastic piece and
in figure. If they attract, B is a magnet B then stroke it about 30 times with N
and A is not. If there is no attraction, A one pole of a bar magnet in one S
Iron
is a magnet and B is not, as magnets direction as shown in figure. She
have zero strength at the centre and has to move it along the length Plastic
A
maximum strength at poles. of the iron piece till the other end
3. If two bar magnets are not stored with their unlike without lifting the bar magnet.
poles pointing in the same direction, then each pole
will destroy the other by induction. Skill Based Question
4. The correct way for keeping the magnet (i) In set up (a), the magnetic force is larger because the
A is the (iv). i.e., because a horse - distance between magnet and a metal paper clip is
shoe magnet is stored with one keeper lesser in it as compare to set up (b).
across its poles. (Piece of iron is called
keepers.) (ii) If a sheet of paper is placed between magnet and metal
Iron
paper clips then also they are attracted by the magnets
5. Yes, because there is a region around in both the set ups. Because the effect of magnet works
the magnet where its magnetic influence can be felt. through solid, air and water.
This region is the magnetic field of the magnet. The
influence reduces as object goes further away from
the magnet.
Chapter 14 : Water
6. Temporary magnet Permanent magnet 
a. Magnets which a. Magnets which keep Worksheet No. 1
do not keep their their magnetism for a
magnetism for a long long time. Knowledge Based Questions
time.
b. Electromagnet is a b. Bar magnet is A. 1.  (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c)
temporary magnet. permanent magnet. B. 1. Three-fourth 2.  Condensation
3. Heating 4.  Reduces 5.  Floods
Application Based Questions
C. 1. The cluster of tiny water droplets floating in air is
A.
Across
Down
called cloud.
2. EARTH 1.  AGNETIC INDUCTION
M 2. Abnormally long period of insufficient or no rainfall is
3. LIKE POLES 5. MAGNETIC called drought.
4. IRON 6. HORSESHOE 3. In cold weather, water drops freeze and fall in the
8. REPULSION 7. MAGNET form of solid. This is called snow.
9. NORTH POLE 4. Water vapour rises up and condenses on dust
particles to form clouds. This process is called
B. 1. Magnet B will attract towards the magnet C because
condensation.
south pole of magnet B is attracted by north pole of
5. The process of collecting and storing rain water for
magnet C. Magnets A and B have like poles facing
future productive use is called rainwater harvesting.
each other, so both magnets will repel each other. So
6. Large water bodies with large quantities of salts
magnet B will move in anticlockwise direction.
dissolved in it are called oceans.
2. Nail, coin
D. 1. Water cycle – Cyclic movement of water
3. Magnet X will be repelled by the magnet Y because
in nature
like poles repel each other.
2. Rain water harvesting – Collection and storage of
4. (c)
rainwater
3.  Surface water – Lakes rivers and ponds
HOTS Questions
4.  Ocean – Salty water
1. 
If the north and south poles are known for the bar 5.  Flood – Causes soil erosion
magnet then she can bring one end of the horse shoe
6.  Drought – Soil becomes dry
magnet near to the north pole of the bar magnet. If they
attract then that end will be south pole. If they repel then
that end will be north pole.

Science Class-6 31
Understanding Based Questions Application Based Questions
A. 1. False  – Some water is released in the form of water A. 1. It is because of the large amount of salt dissolved in
vapour through transpiration. it.
2. False  – Rain water is collected in this process. 2. It happens due to evaporation of water.
3. False  – Water in our homes comes directly from 3. As the level of ground water goes down in such
underground through tubewells or from areas whereas lot of hand pumps and tube wells are
government supply. present so we need to dig deeper to obtain water at
the deeper levels.
4. True   5.  True
B. Across Down
B. 1. P
 hotosynthesis  –  This process is not a part of water 1. DROUGHT 2. TRANSPIRATION
cycle, while others are its part. 3. HANDPUMP 4. DEW
2. V
 apour  –  It is formed through evaporation, while 7. IRRIGATION 5. HUMIDITY
others are formed from precipitation. 8. MELTING 6. MONSOON
10. GROUND WATER 9. EROSION
3. W
 ell  –  Groundwater is its source, while rainwater is
11. CLOUDS 12. SALTY
the source of others.
C. 1. Evaporation : It is the process in which water
C. 1.  Surface water Ground water
changes into water vapour upon heating.
a. Rain water that is a. Water that seeps
found on the surface through the soil and 2. W
 ater level is reduced more in set-up II because the
of the Earth is called collects above the surface area of water exposed to sunlight is more in
surface water. non-porous rocks set-up II, which allows more evaporation then in set-
deep under the ground up I.
is called ground water. 3. L
 ess evaporation will take place in both set-ups
b. Pond, lake, river, etc., b. Well and springs I & II, If kept in a dark room for same time period.
are surface water. provide ground water. And among set-up I and II comparatively more
evaporation will take place in set-up II than set-up I.
2.  Hail Snow
HOTS Questions
It is a form of Snow is crystallized
precipitation that con- water in the 1. S
 alty water from oceans gets evaporated due to heat
sists of hard spheres of atmosphere that comes of sun and changes to water vapour. This water vapour
ice that range from 0.2 down as fall. does not contain salts in it as salt cannot evaporate. It
to 6 inches in diameter. settles down in the atmosphere and condenses to form
water droplets by forming clouds. These water droplets
D. 1. 9
 7% of water present on earth is present in seas comes down in the form of rain.
and oceans as salt water. This water is too salty to In this way salty water changes to saltless form.
be used for drinking, irrigation and other purposes.
Hence, only 3% is fresh water which becomes 2. T
 he graph shows that with time the number of trees are
dry during summers due to sun’s heat. Thus we increasing and with the increase of trees the amount of
sometimes face scarcity of water. rainfall also increases in that area.
This strategy is not applicable in drought affected area
2. F
 our methods of water conservation at individual
level are : as plant will not grow due to low water table, low minerals
availability in the soil and sand do not provide support for
(a) R
 ain water harvesting – Collecting rain water
holding the roots in the soil.
for various household purposes.
(b) D
 o not leave tap open while brushing teeth,
washing, clothes and utensils, etc.
Worksheet No. 2
(c) T
 aking bucket of water for bath, instead of taking Knowledge Based Questions
shower.
A. 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d)
(d) Using a wet cloth to clean a car instead of a
hose pipe. B. Water cycle, water vapour, water, hail storm, snow, water

3. W
 et clothes dry up much faster when kept under
a fan because evaporation takes place at all
temperatures, but when a cloth is kept under a fan,
the blowing wind increases the rate of evaporation
from the cloth, and it dries faster as compared to
when not kept under a fan.
C. 1.  DROUGHT 2.  WATER
3.  GROUND WATER 4. SNOW
5. TRANSPIRATION 6. INFILTRATION
D. 1.  Condensation 2. Water vapour
3.  Tubewell 4.  Melting
5. Evaporation 6. Flood

32 Science Class-6
Understanding Based Questions and domestic animals and can cause death by
drowning.
A. 1. False  –  They are fit for use by human beings.
e. There are increased chances of the outbreak of
2.  False  – They cannot be used for irrigation as they epidemics, diseases, diarrhoea, malaria, etc.
contain salt.
f. Collapse of houses, buildings, bridges, banks
3.  False  – Excessive rainfall results in floods. and other structures leads to a lot of financial
4.  True   5.  True loss.
B. 1.  Acute water crisis can have the following effects :
Evaporation Transpiration
a. T
 he soil dries up completely, becomes hard and
a. The process by a. Giving off of excess
begins to crack and gradually becomes infertile.
which water changes water by plants in
into water vapour is the form of water b. T
 he water table goes down i.e., groundwater
called evaporation vapour is called become scarce.
transpiration. c. T
 he water level in wells and ponds, etc. also
b. Evaporation can take b. Transpiration takes goes down.
place from any place place only in leaves. d. Drought leads to vegetation loss.
containing water.
e. D
 rought leads to shortage of food, increase in
2.  Flood Drought poverty, reduced health and poor quality of life.
a. Condition when the a. The abnormal long f. Many humans as well as animals die of
ground becomes period of insufficient dehydration and thirst.
submerged under or no rainfall is called g. Absence of rain for a long period of time disturbs
water due to heavy drought. the water cycle, which results in lowering of
rain and overflowing water table.
of rivers is called
flood. D. 1. DROUGHT – Ground water becomes scarce
b. It is due to excess b. It is due to no rain. 2. RIVER – A source of fresh water
rain. 3. CONDENSATION – Leads to the formation of clouds
4. WATER – essential for life
C. 1. W
 hen the temperature of air increases, it expands
(i.e., its particles move away from one another). This 5. HEATING – Changes water into vapour
make the air lighter and it rises in the atmosphere, 6. OCEAN – Contains 97% of the total
taking water vapour with it. As the air rises, it begins water on earth
to cool. The water vapour condenses on dust
particles present in the atmosphere to form millions Application Based Questions
of tiny droplets. Tiny ice crystals will be formed
instead if it is very cold. This cluster of tiny water A. 1. D
 uring summers a lot of water evaporates to form
droplets floating in air is what we call a cloud. water vapour and settles in the atmosphere. These
water vapour condenses to form water droplets
2. Giving off of excess water by plants in the form of
which comes down as rain during rainy season.
water vapour is called transpiration.
Significance of transpiration in plants are : 2. D
 uring drought there is unusual scarcity of rain. Due
a. Transpiration has a cooling effect on plant body. to this the soil becomes dry, hard and begins to crack
b. It helps in the gaseous exchange. and gradually becomes infertile.
c. Transpiration creates a pull which helps in the 3. T
 he rain water that falls on ground as surface water
suction of water and minerals. flows towards the ocean. The water in rivers which is
d. More absorption of water and more transpiration aided with rain water also flows towards the ocean.
results in better growth of plants. B. 1. (a) In the given figure water cycle is being depicted.
3. Flood can have the following effects : Water cycle is the cyclic movement of water
a. R
 apidly running water washes away the top from atmosphere to the earth and back to the
layer of the soil. atmosphere through various processes.

b. If water rushes into fields and go downs, it P – is transpiration, it is the giving off of water
destroys the crop and the stored food material. vapour by plants through their leaves.

c. It leads to acute shortage of food, clean drinking Q – is evaporation, it is conversion of water into
water, etc. water vapour.

d. H
 eavy rains and sudden rush of water carry away R – is condensation, it is the conversion of water
human beings, their houses, other belongings vapour into tiny droplets to form clouds.

Science Class-6 33
 S – is precipitation, it is the falling of water on B. 1. Atmosphere 2.  Oxygen 3.  Humidity
earth from clouds in the form of rain, snow 4. Respiration 5.  78
and hail. C. 1. Atmosphere 2.  Carbon dioxide
(b) P, Q 3. Oxygen 4.  Photosynthesis
(c) R 5. Nitrogen 6.  Ozone

2. (a) T
 he process depicted in the figure is D. 1. Respiration is a set of reactions and processes that
condensation. It is the process in which water releases energy from food.
vapour cools down and settles down as tiny 2. Moving or blowing of air in a particular direction is
water droplets. called wind.
(b) In water cycle the evaporated water through 3.  Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make
evaporation, and transpiration rises up and their food using carbon dioxide and water in the
condenses on dust particles to form clouds. This presence of sunlight and release oxygen.
stored water in clouds reaches the earth in the
form of rain, snow, etc. E. 1. Moisture content in air – Humidity
2.  Oxygen – 21% of air
HOTS Questions 3.  Nitrogen – 78% of air
1. The states of India like Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Kerala, 4.  Carbon dioxide – Consumed by plants
Assam, etc. are more prone to flood because they are during day
rich with rivers. Sometimes these rivers receive a lot 5.  Smoke – Contains gases and dust
of water due to rain. Hence, the water level increases
drastically which results in flood. Understanding Based Questions
States like Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Andhra
A. 1. False  – The balance of oxygen in a atmosphere is
Pradesh, Maharashtra and Telangana are facing
maintained through photosynthesis in plants
scarcity of water. They receive less rainfall also. Hence,
and respiration in animals.
sometimes they face the problem of droughts.
2. False  – Animals living in soil use the trapped air
2. Due to flood the drainage system is affected. Sometime
between the soil particles.
people are forced to drink dirty water infected with
germs. This leads to various water-borne diseases such 3. True 4.  True
as diarrhoea, dysentery, malaria, etc. The germs are 5. False  – Presence of dust particles in air is harmful
transmitted mainly through water. for human beings.
3. If trees are cut, then no transpiration will take place. B. 1.  Combustion Respiration
It will affect the rainfall of that area. Due to less or no
rainfall the level of groundwater will go down. In this way a. It is an uncontrolled a. It is controlled
water table will get depleted. chemical process. biological process.
b. It takes place with b. It takes place at
Skill Based Question high temperature. normal temperature.

A. In this method if water is used in the way of drip irrigation 2.  Nitrogen Oxygen
or sprinkler irrigation then water loss could be prevented. a. Nitrogen constitutes a. Oxygen constitute
B. 
While brushing teeth, the tap must be closed. This can 78% of the air. 21% of the air.
prevent a lot of wastage of water. b. It is not required b. It is required for
C. Cleaning car through a hose pipe wastes a lot of water for respiration and respiration and
unnecessarily. Cleaning car with wet cloth can save a lot does not support support combustion.
of water. combustion.

C. 1. P
 lants and animals depend on each other in
Chapter 15 : Air Around Us many ways. Plants require carbon dioxide for
photosynthesis and give out oxygen whereas animals
require oxygen to carry out respiration and give out
Worksheet No. 1 carbon dioxide, which is again taken up by plants
for photosynthesis. This is how plants and animals
Knowledge Based Questions are interdependent on each other and oxygen and
carbon dioxide balance in nature is maintained.
A. 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c)
2. If we take some soil in a beaker and put water into
4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) it, we will notice some bubbles coming out of the

34 Science Class-6
 soil which was trapped between the space of soil
particles. This shows that air is present in soil.
If we take some water in a transparent glass bowl
and heat it slowly, we will observe tiny bubbles on the
inner surface of the glass bowl. This is the dissolved
air which escapes on heating. This shows that air is
present in water.
Application Based Questions
A. 1. W
 ith increase in altitude, the atmosphere gets
thinner and the supply of oxygen is reduced. This
causes difficulty at breathing at hill stations and
mountains. This is why mountaineers carry oxygen
cylinders with them while climbing high mountains.
2 W
 hen we breathe through our nose, the fine hair and
mucus present in our nose prevent dust particles
from entering the respiratory tract. But if we breathe
through our mouth, these harmful dust particles
enter our body which is harmful for us. Hence, we
should always breathe through our nose.
3. P
 lants get the carbon dioxide required for
photosynthesis from air. Air also helps in the seed
dispersal of few plants. Hence air plays an important
role in the life cycle of most of the plants.
The property of air that it has mass has been
B. 
demonstrated in the above activity. In fig. A, when both
the balloon we inflated equally, the balance was straight,
which shows that the weights are equal. But in fig. B,
when one balloon is deflated, it is seen that the balance
inclines towards the balloon which is still inflated. This
shows that air has mass, as the balance inclines towards
the air filled balloon and not towards the deflated balloon.
A. Across Down
4. OZONE 1. NOSTRILS
5. OXYGEN 2. RESPIRATION
7. WINDMILLS 3. LUNGS
9. ATMOSPHERE 6. NITROGEN
10. CARBON DIOXIDE 8. MUCUS
11. SMOKE
HOTS Questions
1. The amount of water vapour present in the air of Mumbai
and Rajasthan will be different. Mumbai is near the
sea, so water vapour in the air will be more, whereas
Rajasthan is a desert area hence the climate will be hot
and dry with less water vapour in air.
2. P
 lants cannot absorb nitrogen directly from atmosphere.
There are some bacteria found in the soil and in the
roots of certain plants like pea, that convert nitrogen into
the form that can be used by plants. Lightning can also
bring about this conversion.
Science Class-6
3. It is not advisable to sleep under a tree during night
because plants take in oxygen and give out carbon
dioxide like us. So if we sleep under a tree during night
we will not get proper amount of oxygen and may feel
suffocated.
4. When we blow air on the mirror, water droplets appear
on it. They come from the air we blow. The air we breathe
out contains a lot of water vapour which condenses on
the mirror surface and form water droplets.
Skill Based Question
A. Here it is shown that air is present everywhere and it
occupies space.
When an empty glass is inserted holding it vertically into
a trough the water did not enter the glass because air
was present. But when the glass was tilted, the air inside
the glass escapes in the form of bubbles from the sides
and makes place for the water to enter. This shows that
air occupies space.
B. In this activity it is shown that when a lump of soil is
taken into a beaker and water is poured on to it, we will
see bubbles of air coming out. This shows that air is
present in the soil.
C. In this activity, a small candle is fixed in the middle of a
container containing water. The candle is lit and covered
with a inverted glass. When most of the oxygen is used
up by the burning of candle it can no longer burn and
blows off. The space which was occupies by the oxygen
inside the glass becomes empty and the water rises up
to fill or occupy this space. It demonstrates that oxygen
is required for burning.
Worksheet No. 2
Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a)
4. (c) 5. (c)
B. Increase, thinner, reduced, breathing, oxygen
C. 1. NITROGEN 2. ATMOSPHERE
3. WINNOWING 4. SMOKE
5. COMBUSTION 6. TRANSPARENT
D. 1. It tells us the direction in which air is blowing.
2. It is a chemical process in which substances combine
with the oxygen in the air to produce heat and light.
3. W
 hen fuels burn, smoke is produced, smoke consists
of a few gases and fine dust particles. These are
harmful for living organisms.
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. False  – Animals living in soil take in oxygen present
in soil.
35
 2. True the absence of plants there will be no oxygen supply
3. False  – Burning of fuels occur in the presence of which will eventually cause death of the fish.
oxygen. 2. If we remove the fish from the aquarium and keep
4. True the aquarium in a dark place we will see that the
5. False  – Aquatic animals are able to breathe in the plants have died. Because plants need sunlight and
oxygen dissolved in water. carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. When it is kept
in dark it would not get sunlight and since fish are
B. 1. Carbon dioxide 2. 21%
also removed, hence there is no source of carbon
dioxide for them to carry out photosynthesis. Hence,
C. 1. Photosynthesis Respiration
the plants will die.
a. It is the process by a. Living organisms
which green plants need energy to live, 3. Plants and animals are interdependent on each
make their food and respiration is a other. They need each other to maintain the balance
using carbon dioxide set of reactions that of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
and water in the release energy from Plants need animals for carbon dioxide and animals
presence of sunlight food. need plants for oxygen.
and release oxygen. C. 1. In this experiment, it is demonstrated that air
b. Sunlight is essential b. Sunlight is not (oxygen) is needed for burning or combustion.
for this. essential. 2. After a few hours the water levels inside the inverted
c. Oxygen is released c. Oxygen is used vessel will rise, because the oxygen which is present
during this process. during this process. inside the vessel will be used up for the burning
d. Carbon dioxide is d. Carbon dioxide is candle after few hours. So, to fill up that empty space
used during this released during this the water will rise up and the level will increase inside
process. process. the inverted vessel.

D. 1. The atmosphere around the Earth is a protective HOTS Questions

layer. It maintains the optimum temperature of
the Earth and always keeps it supportive for living
beings. The atmosphere prevents the harmful rays to
reach the surface of the Earth. Therefore, it acts as a
protective blanket around the Earth.
2. Air is also present in water and soil. The aquatic
animals like fish use the dissolved air in water for
their survival. Underwater plants utilise oxygen
dissolved in the water. Similarly, living organisms like
earthworm live in the soil and breathe the air trapped
in the soil. Roots of plants like Mangrove growing
in water logged areas bend and grow upwards and
come out of the surface of the soil to take in air.
Application Based Questions
A. 1. Factories have long chimneys through which harmful
smoke and other waste gases from the factories are
released high in the atmosphere to save us from the
harmful effects of it.
2. When it rains, the trapped air escapes out of the soil
causing earthworms and other organisms that live in
the soil to come out to breathe.
3. Traffic policemen always wear mask while regulating
the traffic to avoid exposure to the harmful exhaust of
vehicles. The mask prevents harmful dust particles
from entering the body.
B. 1. If we remove the plants from the aquarium the fish
will die, because fish needs oxygen for respiration
and plants give out oxygen during photosynthesis. In
1. Weathercock or windsocks are used by airport staff to
indicate the direction and strength of the wind to pilots.
At many airport, windsocks are lighted at night either by
flood lights on top surrounding it or with one mounted on
the pole shining inside it. It helps them while landing and
taking off.
2. Large number of windmills are present at the coastal
areas because coastal areas have a lot of open space
for the wind to flow. Usually the winds in coastal areas
are strong and steady which helps the wind turbines to
run fast and generate more electricity.
3. The plants will die after a few days because of water
logging. There will be insufficient air supply near the root
area and due to insufficient air supply, the root will not be
able to breathe and eventually they will die.
4. In a crowded place there are so many people breathing
at the same time, this reduces amount of oxygen in the
surrounding air and increases carbon dioxide. When
carbon dioxide increases in the air, people suffocate and
it becomes difficult to breathe at a crowded place.
Skill Based Question
W – Nitrogen – It is the main component of amino acids
which make proteins. Which is essential for animals.
Few plants convert nitrogen into nitrogen compounds
with the help of bacteria.
X – Oxygen – It is required by plants and animals for
respiration. It is also required for combustion.

36 Science Class-6
Y – Carbon dioxide – It is required for photosynthesis by 2. Reusing Recycling
green plants.
a. Certain things can be a. The process by which
Z – Water vapour – It adds humidity to the air. It is important used more than once waste materials are
to run water cycle and support both plant and animals. for many purpose, it is used to make new
called reusing. products is called
b. It does not involve recycling.
Chapter 16 : Garbage In, processing of b. It involves processing
Garbage Out material. of material.

3. Biodegradable Non-biodegradable
Worksheet No. 1
waste waste
Knowledge Based Questions a. The waste that can be a. Waste that do not get
decomposed naturally decomposed naturally
A. 1.  (c) 2.  (a) 3.  (b) 4.  (c) 5.  (b)
are by the action of or by the action of
B. Microorganisms, manure, redworm, vermicomposting, microorganisms are microorganisms
moderate, humid, one, vermicompositing, chemical called biodegradable are called non-
fertiliser waste. biodegradable waste.
C. 1. Landfill 2. Composting 3. Redworm b. Manure is produced b. Glass, plastic and
4. Gizzard 5. Biodegradable 6. Recycling from biodegradable metals which are
waste. non-biodegradable are
D. 1. Biodegradable – Tea leaves recycled.
2. Compost – Rich in nutrients
3. Glass – Blue dustbin C. 1. T
 he conversion of solid waste into manure is called
4. Paper – Biodegradable and can be composting. When composting is done with the
recycled help of earthworms, it is called vermicomposting.
5. Plastic waste – Burning causes diseases like A particular type of earthworm called red worm is
cancer used for this purpose. Waste materials like fruit,
6. Landfill – Converted into park or play ground vegetable peels, waste food, tea leaves dry leave,
etc., are acted upon by red worm in the presence of
Understanding Based Questions little water to produce loose soil like material in the
pit. This is called vermicompost and the process is
A. 1. False  – As paper is made from trees, so to save called vermicomposting.
them we should recycle it.
2. True 2. S
 ome methods which can minimise the overuse
3. False  – Redworms can not survive in very hot or of plastics and deal with increasing amounts of
very cold conditions. garbage is to practice the three R’s – reduce, reuse
4.­ False  – Blue and green coloured dustbin collect and recycle.
recyclable and biodegradable garbage (a) Reduce – Reduce the production of wastes by
respectively. consumption of less waste producing materials.
5.­ True (b) Reuse – Items which can be used more than
B. 1. once should be used many times.
   Composting     Landfill method
(c) R
 ecycle – Useful things can be produce by
a. Composting is a a. Landfills are large recycling no-biodegradable waste.
biological process in areas used for solid
which microorganisms waste disposal, 3. Manure is more beneficial to environment because :
convert degradable where a large (a) They are organic in nature and do not harm other
organic waste into amount of waste organisms.
humus like substances is dumped. Later (b) Fertiliser are chemicals, hence their quantity
called manure. the area can be should be less while applying, it as it can harm
converted into a park the environment. But manures does not have
or playground. any such obligation. They can be used in any
b. Decomposition takes b. Decomposition takes quantity.
place by the action of place naturally.
microorganisms. Application Based Questions
c. It takes few weeks. c. It takes around 20 A. 1. P
 lastic waste should not be burned because they are
years of time. non-biodegradable and release harmful gases upon

Science Class-6 37
 burning. They should be recycled as per government
laid guidelines to reduce pollution.
2. P
 owdered egg shells or sea shells are mixed with
wastes fed to red worms because it help them to
grind their food.
3. R
 ags pickers help us in keeping our environment
clean by picking plastics, glasses, empty cans,
newspapers, etc. from our homes and take next step
to recycle them accordingly. In this way, they help us
to dispose off garbage and waste in most educate
way.
B.    Across   Down
1.  Gizzard 2.  Recycling
3.  Composting 4.  Biodegradable
5.  Landfill 7.  Blue
6.  Garbage 9.  Vermicompost
8.  Manure
C. 1. O
 bject ‘R’ can not be used for compositing because
the weight of that object after a month is same
as before, which means that the object is non-
biodegradable.
2. O
 bject ‘S’ and ‘T’ are best suited for composting
because they have degraded the most in one month
of time than other object, as their weight has reduced.
Some of the object that could be used in composting
are leaves and stalks of plants, vegetable peels, egg
shells, husk, newspaper and cardboard pieces.
HOTS Questions
1. It is said that plants can make their own manure because
many plants like vegetables wastes, peels of fruits,
green leaves, dried stalks of plants, husk, etc., are used
to make manure. When there plant parts get degraded
by microorganisms they get converted into manure,
hence plants do not need any external source for their
nutrition.
2. Recycling of non-biodegradable waste has become
so essential in today’s time because the amount of
non-biodegradable waste has increased very much.
Recycling helps in circulating the already present
things again and again in the environment. It helps in
maintaining the amount of waste generated constant up
to a certain level.
Skill Based Question
Dustbin P – Broken glass jar, old newspaper, pepsi can,
water bottle, paper bag, polythene bag, wire mesh.
Dustbin Q – Bread, a piece of cloth, pencil shavings, old jute
bag, flower, leather shoes, rotten eggs, banana peels, meat,
tea leaves.
38
Worksheet No. 2
Knowledge Based Questions
A. 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)
B. 1. Gizzard 2.  Papier-mache    3.  Plastic
4. Cancer 5.  Green
C. 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6. 
Understanding Based Questions
A. 1. False – A piece of plastic, buried in the soil will not
decay after few days.
2. True
3. True
4. False – Red worms require moisture to survive.
5.  True
B. 1. GARBAGE      2. VERMICOMPOSTING
3. RECYCLING      4. MANURE
C. 1. P
 lastic bags are harmful to both animals and human
being in the following ways :
a. Food stuff packed in plastic bags is harmful to
health.
b. Burning of plastic bags produces harmful gases,
which may cause cancer.
c. Stray animals might eat the food thrown in plastic
bag, along with the plastic bag, which may lead
to their death.
2. T
 o recycle paper, we need to cut the waste paper into
small pieces and put then in a tub of warm water for a
day. Make a thick paste out of it. Now spread the wet
paste on the wire mesh such that the paste is spread
uniformly on it. Let the water drain off, then take out
the parts and spread it on a smooth surface in the
sun. Let it dry. This is how paper is recycled.
3. T
 here is a need to segregate two types of wastes
because the two kinds of waste require different
methods of disposal. Blue garbage bin for garbage
that can be recycled and green garbage bin for
garbage that is biodegradable.
Application Based Questions
A. 1. L
 andfill contain both useful and non-useful
components. To deal with some of the useful
components of garbage, compost making areas are
developed near the landfill.
2. R
 ed worm should not be given milk and milk products
or food in the compost pit because disease causing
small organisms start growing in the pit.
3. Instead of burning dried leaves, husk and crop parts
left in the field they should be converted into compost
because if they are burnt, they will produce smoke
and gases, which are harmful to our health.
Science Class-6
B. Biodegradable Non-biodegradable
waste waste
Leather bags, Plastic, meal, pen,
vegetable, leaves, pickle
dung, paper, fruit
C. 1. S
 ince material ‘X’ is separated with the help of magnet
it evident that material ‘X’ is iron. Its separation is
required because it is non non-biodegradable, it
can only be recycled. Other substances in garbage
may be biodegradable which is degraded by micro-
organisms.
2. M
 etal ‘X’ can be recycled by sending it to recycling
industry, where it is crushed, melted and purified.
Then it is put into different moulds and cooled to give
proper shapes. Thus a new item is made out of the
scrape collected from garbage.
HOTS Questions
1. Excessive use of paper bags is both good and bad
for environment. As paper bags are biodegradable
and can be decomposed very easily they are good for
environment.
On the other hand paper bags are made from wood
pulp, which is obtained from trees. Hence, excessive
use of paper bags lead to cutting of more trees, which is
bad for the environment.
2. Yes, the ban on plastic bags imposed by various states
is justified because plastic is a non-biodegradable thing
which can not be decomposed. Moreover, if it is burnt it
cause cancer and other deadly diseases. It also causes
death of stray animals if they swallow plastic bags along
Science Class-6
with the food. Plastic bags which fall into the drains also
clog them. So it is justified to ban plastic bags imposed
by various states.
3. No, Burning is not a correct method of disposal for
dried leaves found on the sides of roads, because it
produces smoke and other gases which are harmful
for the environment. Instead of burning, they can be
decomposed with the help of various micro-organisms
and worms. It helps to prepare manure from the dried
leaves, which are biodegradable. Manure can be used
for plants as a source of nutrients.
Skill Based Question
House B is more conscious towards the environment
because they have thrown four types of garbage in four
separate bags. It makes easy to process different kinds of
garbage in different ways, like metal glass thrown in one bag
can be sent for recycling, plastic bottles thrown in one bag
can be reused or recycled. Kitchen waste thrown in one bag
can be decomposed and newspaper thrown in another bag
can be recycled.
On the other hand, house A is not conscious towards
environment as they have thrown metal + glass + plastic
bottles together, which needs further separation materials.
Also they have thrown kitchen waste, which is biodegradable
and polythene bags, which is non-biodegradable together.
It needs further separation to process them separately as
they can not be processed together. House B have also
produced more newspaper waste which can be reduced by
reusing. They should reduce it and they should maintain two
separate bins for kitchen waste, polythene bags and plastic
bottles. It would help to process different types of garbage
properly in different ways.
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