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Design Requirements
Lifting capacity of draw works.
Drillstring capacities
Limitations:
The rig must be able to handle the heaviest casing string required during the field life with
a safety margin.
The derrick must be able to hole the entire drillstring required to drill to TD and still be able
to run the heaviest casing string.
Lifting capacity of draw works : Calculations enclosed illustrate that a 3000Hp draw works working at
85% mechanical efficiency will provide sufficient lifting capacity to take an over pull of 150,000lbs on the
heaviest stuck casing or drillstring. In this case the heaviest string is the 9 5/8” casing. (see figures
enclosed.)
BOP sizes and ratings : 18 ¾” 5000 BOP’s, 3000psi annulars. Annular, Blind/shear ram, two sets of
pipe rams. (choke and kill lines located below shear rams.)
Component Connection Length Cum length Air wt (lbs) Buoyed wt Cum buoyed Overpull
(lbs) wt (lbs)
(pa-Cum Bw)
Drill pipe 1 19.50 “G” 6000ft 2148m 131K 109K 187K 166K
NC-50 (1828m)
Drill pipe 2 19.50 “S” 2795ft 3000m 61K 51K 238K 217K
NC-50 (852m)
Component Connection Length Cum length Air wt (lbs) Buoyed wt Cum buoyed Overpull
(lbs) wt (lbs)
(pa-Cum Bw)
Drill pipe 1 19.50 “G” 6000ft 2148m 131K 109K 163K 190K
NC-50 (1828m)
Drill pipe 2 19.50 “S” 7060ft 4300m 159K 132K 295K 160K
NC-50 (2152m)
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Summary (continued.)
Mud pump output and pressure / power ratings. Mud pumps rates to 4500psi, providing 3000hp
(i.e. sufficient to drill at 4350psi @ 950GPM at 12 ¼” section TD, at 85% mechanical efficiency and
95% volumetric efficiency.) See summaries in appendix 3.
Mud pit capacity : Minimum of 3000bls required. This however is unlikely to be accommodated on a
platform rig design due to loading conditions. (Note: In reality, Platform design may only allow approx.
2000bbls that add constraints to many operational aspects.)
Shale shakers to handle circulation volumes 1100-1200GPM, with redundancy for one shakers to be
taken out of service using as fine as screens as possible maintaining high solids removal efficiency.
E.g. High capacity , fine screen shale shakers such as thule VSM 100’s)
Built in scalping screen, quick change screen facility, easy to operate and maintin, repairable screens.
Shallow header tanks entry to shakers and proper flowline division to ensure flow can be equally
controlled and divided to each shakers as required.
Vacuum de-gasser to be able to handle max. operating rate of charge pumps i.e. 1200GPM.
Flowline access platform for fitting and maintaining flow shows, gas detectors etc.
References:
Halliburton red-book.
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Platform rig design
Design assumptions
Well data.
The well data provided represents the TWFH-13 well that is currently under planning. This well is the
most demanding well to be drilled from the Daisy field platform. TWFH-13 Well data will hence be used
for the platform design criteria.
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Preliminary design calculations.
2.) Burst : No pressure tests to be conducted before cementing, burst loads not
considered.
Note: Worst case (total evacuation) has been used in collapse for platform design i.e. heaviest casing
strings. In reality based on platform experience, lost circulation aspects etc, total evacuation not likely to
be used in design.
Note: Surface equipment, BOP equipment, casing and drillstring component requirements would be
based upon likely maximum injection pressure into the reservoir of 4335psi. This may have to executed
5000psi equipment would therefore be chosen and selected if it can fulfill other
requirements. I.e Drilling (Pumping /pressure) requirements.
Choke manifold. SWP of 5000psi valves before chokes. SWP of 3000psi valves downstream
of chokes. (one remote and one manual choke.)
Standpipe manifold. : SWP of 5000psi for all valves, lines and fitments.
BOP’s : SWP : 3000psi annular, SWP : 5000psi rams, kill and choke line valves, HCR valve
fitted as first outlet v/v on choke line.
Rams : Solid ram block consisting of Pipe ram, Shear ram, and two pipe rams . Kill and choke
lines fitted below shear rams. Rams fitted with variables from 3 ½” to 5” and 4 ½ “ to 7”.
IBOP eqpt. : All kellycocks, IBOP’s , Grey valves etc rated to SWP of 5000psi.
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Casing selection
Casing selection
Casing was selected for burst and collapse criteria based on maximum anticipated
pressures given on the previous pages. Note: A premium gas tight connection would have
to be chosen for the 9 5/8” casing and 7” liner e.g. Vam
Casing weights
Based on casing weight above, the highest casing load would be running the 9 5/8”
casing. Note: All tension calculations assume that the casing is hanging vertically and in
air. For high angle wells, this would be accounted as too conservative in design. A design
factor of 1.2 has been for hole angle and wellbore profile to be taken into account. In this
design, a value of 150,000lbs over-pull has also been used to account for casing being
stuck prior to landing at TD.
The critical BHA for design is in the 12 ¼” section. Here higher WOB will be required to
drill anticipated formations during tangent and build sections. Build section would incur
highest combine loads and worst case stress conditions.
It is envisaged that worst case conditions, i.e max WOB, likely buckling conditions would
exists at start of section (i.e 32degrees).
Drill collar, BHA, and drillstring component lengths have been determined as follows:
Length of Drill collars + BHA components required to drill with max 45000lbs WOB in 12 ¼
@ section.
Wob × Df
Wdc × Kb × Cosθ
45,000 ×1.1
151× 0.83 × Cos32
= 465 ft
(142m)
Based on the above 12 drill collars would be required in addition to other BHA
components, e.g. mud motor, MWD collar, stabilisers etc. that would make up the
additional length required.
The operator prefers however in the directional sections of the well, to run a DS1, BHA
type 3. I.e. utilising HWDP for available WOB. This is to minimise BHA handling time,
reduce stuck pipe likeliness, and run drill collars required for directional control and BHA
design.
Based on a drill collar and BHA component length of 120m, the following calculation determines the
amount of HWDP required for 35,000WOB (Upper limit of 12 ¼ “ PDC), at an angle of 60degrees (i.e.
where cos.θ = 0.5). Note: A t higher angles BHA has a diminishing effect for WOB requirements.
Wob × Df
Kb × cosθ ⋅ (Ldc ÷ Wdc ) W ( hwdp )
1
35000 × 1.1 1
0.83 × cos 60 ⋅ (120m × 3.281 × 148) 53.7
= [92,771 − 58,270]
1
53.7
= 642 ft (21 jts.)
If buckling was the limiting factor appendix 4 illustrates that at 60degrees, drill-pipe could also be used
to apply WOB up to 53,000lbs before buckling would occur. (available weight from BHA components is
only 31,000lbs at 60degrees inclination.)
HWDP dimensions: 5” OD x 3” ID
*Adjusted weights.
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Drillstring design
ABC oil companies require that drill strings have at least a quality of API inspection " Premium " grade
for the drill string and depth of well required and that drill string are inspected to a minimum DS1 class 4
standard.
Note : For a specification of the various API inspection classifications see API standard 7 : ‘Rotary
Drilling Equipment’ or the recently released DS-1 ‘Drill stem Design and Inspection specification’.
During normal drilling operations, the drillstring is subjected to constantly changing individual and
combined tension, torsion, bending, and pressure loads. During any drillstring design it is important to
note in the design and operating stag. In reality worst case individual and combined conditions and
make compensation for any assumptions used or as the case may be for conditions that may change
or not be accounted and/or applied for.
It is generally accepted that the most damaging combined loads occur under the following conditions:
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Notes :
1.) Von Mises triaxial equation, fatigue and jar placement considerations are not considered in design
2.) Due to the complexities involved vibrational analysis is not considered and accounted for in this
brief.
3.) Corrosion and erosion are not loads, but they both reduce the strength of tubulars. Accounting for a
measure of wall thickness (e.g. 80%) to account for anticipated erosion and corrosion is considered
acceptable in this case. e.g. A long extended reach well where drillpipe wear may be severe.
The fundamental approach to drill string design is to calculate the loads individually to determine if the
strength of the drill string is exceeded by each individual load. Then combine all loads in the Von Mises
general stress and fatigue endurance equations to ascertain if general or fatigue failure will occur. (see
appendix2)
The first considerations to be made regarding designing a drillstring for tension applied is to select a
maximum working load that would never be exceeded during normal drilling operations.
In the case of drillpipe this working load is based on a stress of 85% of the yield strength of the pipe , as
recommended in strength and dimensions tables provided.
The second consideration in tension string design is to determine the maximum allowable static load.
This is the hook load when the drillstring ( including the drill collars, BHA components, etc. ) are hanging
free in the wellbore and are equal to the string weight in air multiplied by the buoyancy factor for the
weight of the drilling fluid in use.
Three general methods are used to determine the Maximum allowable static load, they are
• Design factor.
• Margin of overpull.
• Safety factor for slip crushing.
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TWFH-13 drillstring design requirements :
1.) calculate the lengths of various 5" 19.50 lbs/ft G105 and S135 drillstrings for drilling the hole.
2.) Using maximum lengths of all drillstrings , what is the maximum depth obtainable.
3.) Design the strings to account for slip crushing, safety factor for accelerating loads.
Margin of over pull allowed = 120,000 lbs.
Depth of along hole depths required = 12 ¼” section 9843ft (3000m.), 8 ½ “section 14,108ft
(4300m)
Use maximum lengths for G and S.
Drill collars = 8" x 2.813" x 120m, 200m HWDP, 5” x 3”
6” x 2.813” x 120m in 8 ½ @ hole.
Mud in use = 10.8ppg.
= 5" 19.50 lbs/ft G = 553,833 lbs, minimum yield strength., S = 712,070 lbs
a.) "G" pipe Maximum allowable static load ( for acceleration forces )
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For "G" pipe the max. allowable static load = 203,953 lbs.
= 4544ft.
12 ¼” section 3000m (9843ft) & 8 ½” section TD 4300m (14,108ft) a combination of G and S would
be required. Maximum depth we can drill to with G & S pipe.
=13,483t + 120m (drill collars) + 200m HWDP = 14,532ft (TD of well is 4300m (14,108ft.)
For additional safety 6000ft of “G” will be run with the remainder “S”. Summary sheets and
spreadsheet calculations have been based on these figures.
A design spreadsheet was run (courtesy of Mitchell engineering) to ensure all design criteria are
met. ( See Appendix 2.)
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Stiffness ratio’s
SR = Z below / Z above
SR = Z below / Z above
SR = Z below / Z above
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Drillstring summary for 12 ¼” section.
Drill pipe 1 19.50 “G” 6000ft 2148m 131K 109K 187K 166K
NC-50 (1828m)
Drill pipe 2 19.50 “S” 2795ft 3000m 61K 51K 238K 217K
NC-50 (852m)
Drill pipe 1 19.50 “G” 6000ft 2148m 131K 109K 163K 190K
NC-50 (1828m)
Drill pipe 2 19.50 “S” 7060ft 4300m 159K 132K 295K 160K
NC-50 (2152m)
Note: In reality as inclinations increase, less BHA components are required and more drillpipe can be
used for WOB before buckling will occur. (see appendix 4)
To permit drillstring to slide, HWDP may have to be placed in the build section, drags and buckling
would have to be determined using a torque and drag simulator.
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Derrick loading
1.) Worst case would be running heaviest casing string (95/8” casing 463K), getting stuck
at section TD and applying maximum overpull i.e. 150,000lbs.
No account taken for other equipment and fixtures in derrick. E.g. Pipe handling
system.
Pipe in derrick
5” drillpipe required for well 1828m x 21.8 lbs/ft x 3.281 130,749lbs
2152m x 22.50 x 3.281 158,866lbs
120m BHA (Dc’s + BHA) 120m x 99lbs/ft x 3.281 58,270lbs
21 joints of HWDP 200m x 53.7lbs/ft x 3.281 35,238lbs
1.) Pipe weight in derrick 383,123lbs set back load.
1 3/8” Extra improved plough steel block line has a breaking strength of 192,000lbs.
Safety factor on maximum fast line load (75,000lbs) from previous page.
Sf = (192,000lbs / 75,000lbs)
The operator would like to trip with a minimum speed of 90ft/min at the highest loading
conditions.
A 3000hp draw works would therefore be most suited for the Daisy platform.
Hydraulics calculations for the two critical hole cleaning sections i.e. the 17 ½” and 12 ¼”
sections is provided in appendix 3.
Based on a maximum section depth operating pressure of 4350psi and 950GPM in the
12 ¼” section.
The horsepower required for the mud pumps, assuming a 95% volumetric and 0.85%
efficiency factors =
= 2986HHP.
Three pumps would be preferred to provide operational redundancy if one pump requires
repair.
Largest volumes required are in the 17 ½” section and would be displacing hole to
mud at section TD.
Requirements.
Built in scalping screen, quick change screen facility, easy to operate and maintain,
repairable screens.
Shallow header tanks entry to shakers and proper flowline division to ensure flow can
be equally controlled and divided to each shakers as required.
Vacuum de-gasser to be able to handle max. operating rate of charge pumps i.e.
1200GPM.
Flowline access platform for fitting and maintaining flowshows, gas detectors etc.
Large diameter piping, with as direct feed and discharge as possible with minimum
bends to reduce pressure losses ( 6” or 8” pipe.) with minimum fluid velocity of
10ft/sec.
Centrifugal mix pumps 6” x 8”. Desirable to mix and treat mud in large quantities in
the shortest possible time.
Shearing device for mixing polymers, (ABC Oil policy to use WBM exclusively for
wells.)
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Appendix 3