Cardiovascular Diseases Hypertension Heart Attack

Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the
heart is blocked, most often by a build-up of fat,
Normal blood pressure is 120 over 80 mm of mercury
cholesterol and other substances, which form a plaque
(mmHg), but hypertension is higher than 130 over 80
in the arteries that feed the heart (coronary arteries).
mmHg
The interrupted blood flow can damage or destroy part
Causes of the heart muscle.

Acute causes of high blood pressure include stress, but

it can happen on its own, or it can result from an
underlying condition, such as kidney disease.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class

of diseases that involve the heart or blood Causes
vessels. A heart attack occurs when one or more of your
coronary arteries become blocked.

Effects

Discomfort, pressure, heaviness or pain in the chest,

arm or below the breast bone.
Effects
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to stroke
by damaging and weakening your brain's blood vessels,
Name Jordon Durloo
causing them to narrow, rupture or leak. High blood
Class 4 Green pressure can also cause blood clots to form in the
arteries leading to your brain, blocking blood flow and
Teacher Ms Forbes potentially causing a stroke.
Stroke
Causes
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood
flow to the brain results in cell death and may be caused
by a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or the leaking or
bursting of a blood vessel (haemorrhagic stroke).
Strokes result in part of the brain not functioning
properly.
Effects
If the stroke occurs in the left side of the brain, the
right side of the body will be affected, producing some
or all of the following: Paralysis on the right side of the
body. Speech/language problems. Slow, cautious
behavioural style.
Coronary Thrombosis Atherosclerosis
A blockage of the flow of blood to the heart, caused by Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up
a blood clot in a coronary artery. inside your arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry
oxygen-rich blood to your heart and other parts of
your body. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol,
calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over
time, plaque hardens and narrows your arteries.
Causes
 High blood pressure.
 High cholesterol.
 High triglycerides, a type of fat (lipid) in your blood.
 Smoking and other sources of tobacco.
 Insulin resistance, obesity or diabetes.
 Inflammation from diseases, such as arthritis, lupus or
infections, or inflammation of unknown cause.
Causes
Coronary thrombosis is caused by atherosclerosis. This
is when there is build-up of cholesterol and fats in the
artery walls. The blood will clot because there is not
enough room for it to flow. The main causes of
coronary thrombosis are high LDL cholesterol,
smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and hypertension.
Effects
Effects
If a blood clot develops in one of these arteries, the
Effects develop very gradually, and often, there are no
blood supply to that area of the heart muscle will stop.
symptoms in the early stage of the disease. The
This is known as a heart attack, or in medical terms a
development of this disease is complex, and there are
coronary thrombosis or myocardial infarction. A heart
many different factors involved in the hardening of
attack will cause severe chest pains behind the breast
arteries and the build-up of plaque deposits.
bone, often radiating towards the left arm.