TUTORIAL 8.

0:
RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY

PART A: OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

.1. Manufacturing recombinant DNA molecules involves cutting a gene from its normal location, inserting it into
a circular piece of DNA from a bacterial cell, and then transferring the circle of DNA to cells of another
species. Which of the tools below is used to cut the gene from its normal location?
A. Bacteriophage B. Vector
C. Restriction enzyme D. Plasmid

2. Palindromic sequences in DNA

A. Reflect the same sequence on two opposite sides
B. Are not useful in recombinant DNA experiments.
C. Form "blunt" ends when cut by restriction enzymes
D. All of the above.

3. Which of the following organisms produce restriction enzymes?

A. Yeast B. Bacteria C. Retrovirus D.Bacteriophage

4. Which of the following sequences can form a palindrome?

A. GGCATC B. GGGCCC C. GGCCGG D. GGCTAA

5. Restriction enzyme cleave DNA by cutting

A. The covalent bond in the nitrogenous base
B. The hydrogen bond between the nitrogenous base pair
C. The glycosidic bond between the deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous base
D. The phosphodiester bond between the deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group

6. Which of the following statements about the use of plasmid as a vector in recombinant DNA technology are
TRUE?
I Has the ability to self replicate inside the host cell
II Usually carries the code for antibiotic resistance.
III Enter bacteria through the transformation process
IV Has one or more restriction sites recognized by restriction enzymes
A. I, II, and III B. I, II, and IV C. II, III, and IV D. I, II, III and IV

7. A DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads -ATTCG will bind with another DNA fragment with a sticky end
that reads
A. GCCTA- B. TAAGC- C. ATTGC- D. UAAGC-

8. An ampicillin-sensitive culture of E. coli is transformed with a plasmid that contains the gene of interest plus
an ampicillin-resistance gene. If it is then plated on an ampicillin-containing growth medium:
A. All bacteria will grow
B. No bacteria will grow
C. Only the bacteria with the plasmid will grow
D. Only the ampicilin sensitive bacteria will grow

9. Which of the following is true regarding screening using X – gal?

I Antibiotics will prevent the growth of bacteria without plasmids.
II Bacterial cells with recombinant plasmids are resistant to antibiotics and are unable to hydrolyse X
– gal
III Bacterial cells which contain non – recombinant plasmids are resistant to antibiotics and are
able to hydrolyse X-gal
A. I only B. I and II C. III only D. I, II and III

10. The enzyme used in polymerase chain reaction is

 A. RNA replicase B. DNA polymerase
C. Restriction enzyme D. Reverse transcriptase

11. You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How
can you use this drop of blood to make the association?
A. You can use the sample to check for the presence of the Rhesus factor.
B. You can use the sample to determine the individual's ABO blood group.
C. You can use gel electrophoresis to determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.
D. You can use PCR to increase the amount of DNA available for restriction fragment
analysis.

12. The PCR required this process except:

A. Denaturing B. Annealing C. Extension D. Screening

13. The polymerase chain reaction is a technique that

A. Selectively replicates RNA B. Probes DNA
C. Amplified DNA molecules in a test tube D. Probes and selectively replicates DNA

14. How are single strands of DNA produced in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
A. By heating the DNA from cells
B. By adding enzyme Taq polymerase
C. By adding the free DNA nucleotides
D. By isolating the solution contain DNA

15. Which of the following best defines the term transgenic animal?
A. An animal containing genes from three or more species
B. An animal that is the first of its kind to bear a particular allele
C. Introduce a gene from one animal into the genome of another animal
D. An animal containing a gene from another species
 TUTORIAL 8.1:
RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY

PART A: OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following is the best definition for recombinant DNA?

A. DNA that results from bacterial conjugation
B. DNA that carries genes from different organisms
C. DNA that is produced as a result of crossing over
D. An alternate form of DNA that is the product of a mutation

2. The process of making multiple copies of a gene by inserting it into a host genome and culturing the host is
called
A. Gene cloning B. Gene magnification
C. Gene amplification D. Industrial genetic engineering

3. DNA fragments that have matching sticky ends are joined by bonds formed by the action of
A. DNA polymerase B. DNA ligase
C. DNA helicase D. A restriction enzyme

4. Which of these can act as a vector to introduce new genes into a cell?
A. Plasmids B. GMO C. PCR D. Clones

5. To make restriction fragments, the DNA sample is treated with

A. DNA ligase B. Restriction enzymes
C. DNA polymerase D. Gel electrophoresis

6. Recombinant DNA technology, or molecular cloning, requires a vector. Which of the following are necessary
characteristics for a cloning vector?
A. Sticky ends B. Disease sensitivity
C. Single stranded D. Self-replicating

7. When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein, the

A. Plasmids are inserted into the main bacterial chromosome
B. Plasmids multiply and produce the protein outside of the bacterium.
C. Desired gene is inserted into the plasmid and the plasmid is taken up by the bacterium.
D. Bacterial genome and plasmid are inserted into the genome of the cell containing the desired gene
(perhaps the cell of a plant or animal).

8. Bacteria containing recombinant plasmids are often identified by which process?

A. Using radioactive tracers to locate the plasmids
B. Exposing the bacteria to an antibiotic that kills the cells lacking the plasmid
C. Removing the DNA of all cells in a culture to see which cells have plasmids
D. Producing antibodies specific for each bacterium containing a recombinant plasmid

9. Restriction enzyme are used to produce fragments of double-stranded DNA that are joined to carriers or
vectors. Which of the following pieces of DNA would be a part of a double strand that could be cleaved by a
restriction enzyme?
A. AAAGGG B. CAGCAG C. CCCTTT D. GAATTC

10. Plasmids have

A. An origin of replication B. Antibiotic resistance genes as markers
C. A and B D. Only one unique restriction site
11. Which of the following tools of recombinant DNA technology is correctly paired with its use?
A. Vector – the sticky end of a DNA fragment
B. DNA ligase – enzyme that cuts DNA sequences in the polymerase chain reaction
C. Host cell – a cell which is able to accept foreign DNA, and allow the vector to multiply
D. Restriction endonucleases – recombine any two DNA molecules to form recombinant DNA
molecules

12. A restriction enzyme breaks the bond between the

A. Base pairs of a DNA molecule
B. Base pairs of DNA – RNA hybrid
C. Exons and introns of a DNA molecule
D. Sugar and phosphate components of a nucleic acid molecule

13. Transformation is a process whereby

A. Bacteria are transferred into viral cells
B. Viruses are transferred into bacterial cells
C. Bacteria are transferred into bacterial cells
D. Plasmids are transferred into bacterial cells

14. You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. You add radioactively labeled nucleotides to the
PCR machine. After 3 replication cycles, how many double - stranded DNA molecules do you have?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16

15. The process by which small amount of DNA can be multiplied into billions of copies over several hours
through cycles of heating and cooling is called
A. DNA profiling B. Gene cloning
C. DNA fingerprinting D. Polymerase chain reaction

16. An enzyme that makes DNA from an RNA template is called

A. cDNA B. Ligase
C. Reverse transcriptase D. Restriction enzyme

17. What is the advantage of being able to clone the gene for human insulin?
A. Cow, pig, or horse insulin cannot keep a diabetic alive for more than three months.
B. Human insulin is less likely to provoke an allergic reaction than cow, pig, or horse insulin.
C. Using human insulin increases the probability that, in the future, the diabetic can be weaned from a
dependence on insulin.
D. Human insulin is more variable than other sources of insulin, so cloning would provide a greater chance
of obtaining a form that can be used by the diabetic’s muscles.

18. Transgenic plants are

I Plants that contain foreign DNA
II Plants that are genetically modified
III Plants that are not treated with herbicides
IV Plant that grow using tissue culture method

A. I and II
B. II, III and IV
C. I, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

19. Which of the following are the examples of transgenic organism?

I Soybean that resistant to herbicides
II Sheep that produces milk with human growth hormone
III Pseudomonas bacteria strain that can break down hydrocarbon
IV Rhizobium bacteria in root nodules that have the ability to fix nitrogen
 A. I, II and III B. I, II and IV C. II, III and IV D. I, II, III and IV

20. In genetic engineering, plants are easily manipulated compared to animals because
A. Plants genes do not have introns
B. Recombinant genes can be inserted into plants through micro injection
C. Many vectors can be used to transmit DNA recombinants into plant cells
D. Transformed somatic cells in plants can divide and differentiate to form new plants