ABSTRACT

Smart cities are a future reality for municipalities around the world.

Healthcare services play a vital role in the transformation of traditional cities into

smart cities .Recognition of white blood cells (WBCs) is the first step to diagnose

some particular diseases such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome,

leukemia, and other blood-related diseases that are usually done by pathologists

using an optical microscope. Analysis of leukocytes provides valuable

information to medical specialists, helping them in diagnosing different

important hematic diseases such blood cancer (Leukemia). For this purpose, we

present a novel combination of thresholding, k-means clustering, and modified

watershed algorithms in three stages including segmentation of WBCs from a

microscopic image, extraction of nuclei from cell’s image, and separation of

overlapping cells and nuclei An automatic detection and classification of WBC

images can enhance the accuracy and speed up the detection of WBCs. In this

paper, we propose an efficient framework for localization of WBCs within

microscopic blood smear images using a multi-class ensemble classification

mechanism. In the proposed framework, the nuclei are first segmented, followed

by extraction of features such as texture, statistical, and wavelet features. Finally,

the detected WBCs are classified into five classes including basophil, eosinophil,

neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte. Experimental results on a natural (non-

synthetic) benchmark database validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the

proposed system in contrast.