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When does Seeta read? 'Seeta kadaa pathati? (सससस ससस सससस)
Seeta reads at half past three. 'Seetaa saardha trivaadane pathati (सससस
सससससससससससससस सससस)
When do they play? ' taaha kada kreedanti? (ससस ससस ससससससससस)?'
They play at 8 o'clock. ' taaha ashtavaadane kreedanti (ससस ससससससससस
ससससससससस)'
When does he write? ' saha kada likhati? (सस ससस ससससस)?'
He writes in the evening. 'saha saayankaale likhati (सस ससससससससस
ससससस)
That's about different situations where you can ask question using the word
'kada (ससस)' In addition to that you have also learned how to refer the time
at different instances.
And I am sure you have also noticed masculine and feminine forms of the
pronoun you, changing bhavan (ससससस) andbhavatyaha(ससससससस). Now,
that is a good start. Try to make as many sentences as you would like using
these new words that you have learned. Play with the words and I am sure
you will find it fun.
Some simple sentences -3
We often use in our sentences words like today, tomorrow and day after
tomorrow whenever we referring to a day. So, let us try to learn such kind of
words in Sanskrit.
Let us start with simple ones. Let us say you want to say, today is friday.
That would be in Sanskrit 'adya shukravaasarahaसससस सससससससससस'
where, adya (सससस) means today and shukravaasarha (सससससससससस)
means Friday.
By the way, we haven't learned yet how to refer yesterday yet, have we?
'Who' is 'kaha' (सस) in masculine form and kaa (सस) in feminine form.
Let us now try to use this words in simple sentences. It really is very simple.
You just add the respective words together. That's all.
Who is he (this one)? 'eshaha kaha? ससस सस?'
Alright. Let us now learn few more simple words and how to use them in
simple sentences.
The word etat (सससस) means, 'this or it'. And, tat (ससस) means, 'that'. The
word kim (सससस) means 'what'.
Let us say, you answer to these by saying this is book. That would be 'etat
pustakam'. सससस ससससससससस
Please note that the words 'kim' (सससस) and 'pustakam' (सससससससस)
ending with the same suffix '-m'.
You will later learn in detail why so, under the section of Grammar.
Some simple sentences -5
We have learned before that the word na (स) is used for negation. Let us say,
you would like to say 'Alex is not there'. In that case, we use the
word naasti (सससससस) which is the combination of the word na (स)
and asti (ससससस). You would say, alexaha tatra naasti. (ससससससस सससस
सससससस). Further, you can also say alexaha tatra naasti (ससससससस सससस
सससससस); saha anyatra asti (सस ससससससस ससससस). This means 'Alex is
not there; He is somewhere'. The word anyatra ( ससससससस) is used to
translate the word 'somewhere' from English to Sanskrit.
The word vaa (सस) is usually used at the end of the sentence in order to
make that sentence nearly a question. For example 'Alex is there, isn't he'?
can be translated in Sanskrit to alexaha tatra asti vaa? (ससससससस सससस
ससससस सस)? you can answer this question by saying aam alexaha tatra
asti (ससस ससससससस सससस ससससस) if Alex is there. The word aam is
an affirmative word used in the beginning of the sentence.
My name is...
My name is Sita. That would be in Sanskrit. mama naama seetaa (सस ससस
सससस).
Seeta : Aren't you Alex? When Seeta wants to ask the same in Sanskrit, that
goes like this: Seeta - bhavaan alexaha khalu?(सससस - ससससस ससससससस
ससस?)
Alex: Yes. You are Sita. Aren't you? And if Alex wants the coneversation to be
in Sanskrit he would ansewer like this: Alex:
Satyam. Bhavatee Seeta vaa? (ससससससस - सससससस, सससस सससस सस?)
Seeta: Sure, I am. Where are you nowadays? Seeta: Aam! aham seeta eva.
Bhavaan idaaneem kutra asti? (सससस - ससस ससस सससस सससससससस
सससससस ससससस सससससस)
Alex: I am based in Bangalore now a days. Alexaha: aham idaaneem
bengalooru nagare asmi. (ससससससस - सससस सससससस ससससससससस
सससस सससससस)
Seeta: What do you do for living there? Seeta: tatra kim kaaryam
kurvan asti? (सससस - सससस ससस सससससस ससससससस ससससस?)
Alex: I am an administrator of an organization, over there. Alex: tatra aham
ekasyaaha samsthaayaaha prashaasakaha asmi. (ससससससस - सससस
सससस ससससससस ससससससससस सससससससस सससससस)
Alex: Seeta, what do you do now a days? Alex: seeta, bhavatee idaaneem kim
kurvantee asti. (ससससससस - सससस, सससस सससससस ससस ससससससससस
सससससस)
Seeta: I am into a director job of an organization as well. Seeta: ahamapi
ekasyaam samsthyaayaam nirdeshikaa roopena kaaryam kurvantee
asmi. (सससस - ससससस ससससससस ससससससससस सससससससससस ससससस
सससससस ससससससससस सससससस)
Alex: Everyone at your home are well, aren't they? Alex: bhavatyaaha grahe
sarve kushalinaha vaa? (ससससससस - ससससससस सससस ससससस ससससससस
सस?)
Seeta: Hm, Everyone is fine. Seeta: aam, sarve kushalinaha santi. (सससस -
ससससससससस ससससससस सससससस)
Seeta: Mm, After I had written, I had kept it on the top of bag. But now that it
can not be seen at all! सससस - ससस, ससस सससससससस सससससस सस
सससससससस सससस सस ससससससससससस सससससस सससससस स ससससससस
ससस Seeta: aam, aham likhitvaa atraiva mama syootasya upari eva
sthaapitavatee. Parantu idaaneem na drashyate eva.
[ससस = Mm, ससस = I, सससससससस = written, सससससस = just here, सस =
my, सससससससस = bag's, सससस सस = on the top of, सससससससससस = had
kept (feminine), सससससस = but, सससससस = now, स ससससससस सस = can't
be seen at all!] Again in this sentence, you can see how the word eva has
been used twice in different contexts. When she says 'na drashyate eva' she
stresses the fact that she can not see her pen at all.
And the word 'eva' together with 'atra' becomes 'atraiva'. In this case, Seeta
wants to stress point that she had kept her pen right there! You now know
that, when you want to say something strongly how 'eva' can be used in
addition.
Reeta: Seeta, ask your younger brother once. सससस - सससस, ससससससस
ससससस सससससस सससससससस Reeta: bhavatee, bhavatyaaha anujam
ekavaaram prachchatu.
[सससस = you (feminine), ससससससस = your (feminine) ससससस = younger
brother, सससससस = once, ससससससस = do ask]. You can see that this
sentence start with the word 'bhavati'. When you are talking to a girl/woman
you can sometimes use this word safely rather than calling their names! It
means that you are referring to a girl/woman.
Seeta: I have asked my younger brother too. He said he has not taken it.
सससस - ससस सस सससससस ससस ससससससससस सस स ससससससससससस
ससस ससससससससस Seeta: aham mama anujam api prashtavatee. Saha na
sveekratavaan iti uktavaan.
[ससस = I, सस = my, सससससस = younger brother, ससस = too, सससससससस =
asked (feminine), सस = he स ससससससससससस = hasn't taken (masculine) ,
ससस = that, सससससससस = said (masculine)]
Reeta: Seeta, have you seen inside your bag well? सससस - सससस, ससससससस
सससससससस ससससस सससससस सससससससस सस? Reeta: bhavatee,
bhavatyaaha syootasya ante samyak drashtavatee vaa?
[सससस = you (feminine), ससससससस = your (feminine), सससससससस = bag's,
ससससस = inside, सससससस = well, सससससससस सस = have you seen
(feminine)?]
Seeta: Right. I will see inside my bag. सससस - सससससस, ससस सससससससस
ससससस ससस ससससससससस Seeta: satyam, aham syootasya ante api
drashtavatee.
[ सससससस = right, ससस = I, सससससससस = bag's, ससससस = inside, ससस =
too, सससससससस = seen (feminine)]
Reeta: Then, where did the pen go? सससस - ससससस ससससस ससससस
ससस? Reeta: tarhi lekhanee kutra gataa.
[ससससस = then, ससससस = pen, ससससस = where, ससस = did go?]
Seeta: Wait, I will ask my father once. सससस - ससससससस ससससससस ससस
सस ससससस ससससससससस Seeta: tishthatu ekavaaram aham mama pitaram
prachchaami.
[ससससससस = wait, ससससससस = once, ससस = I, सस = my , ससससस = to
father सससससससस = will ask] Here, for example the word 'tishthatu' literally
means stand up! But Seeta does not mean that Reeta had to stand up.
Because Reeta was trying to help finding Seeta's pen, she says, Hey wait! I
will ask my father as that sudden though occurs to her.
Seeta: Reeta!! I found my pen! My father told that he had taken it to write a
telephone number! सससस - सससस! सस ससससस सससससससस सससस
सससससससससस ससससससस ससससससस ससससससससससस ससस
ससससससससस. Seeta: Reeta! Mama lekhanee labdhaa. Mama pitaa
doorabhaashaayaaha sankhyaam lekhitum sveekratavaan iti uktavaan!
[सससस! = Reeta!, सस = my, ससससस = pen, ससससस = got, सस = my, सससस =
father, सससससससससस = telephone's, ससससससस = to number, ससससससस =
to write, ससससससससससस = taken (masculine), ससस = it is, सससससससस =
said (masculine)]
The word 'iti' means kind of 'so it is/that's what it is' and is often used in
conversations where you are are trying to sum up something or just want to
indicate the other person that it's your turn to talk!
Conversation - Me and My brother
Here comes the conversation between me and my brother. It's a very simple
conversation where we refer time in different contexts.
My brother: I think he leaves around 1.45 pm. Because he has his train
around 2.30 pm. सससससस ससससससससस ससससस ससससससससस सस
ससससससस सससससससससससससससस ससससस ससससससससस सससस
ससससससससससस सससससस praayaha paadonadvivaadane saha gachchati.
Kimarthamityukte sardha dvivaadane tasya dhoomashakatayaanam asti.
[सससससस = might, ससससस ससससससससस = 1.45 hours, सस = he, सससससस
= goes, सससससससससससससससस = because, ससससस ससससससससस = 2.30
hours, सससस= his, ससससस = vehicle ससससस = is (in the context that it is
present) ]
Alright, Let us learn how to count numbers. Learning numbers is not only
fun it is important. Look at the certain numbers like three and nine which
is threeni and nava respectively. They sound very similar, aren't they? It
makes it easy to remeber!
1. One सससस (ekam)
9. Nine सस (nava)
After the number Ten, you see that the numbers till Nineteen the
suffix dasha, in a way similar to the siffix -teen in English!
You have already learned till Fifty! Bravo! Yes, I know that you have already
got the drift and telling it is no big deal learning numbers. Still, for the sake
of completeness, lets us finish counting.
Let us learn how to say numbers starting from sixty one to 80 in Sanskrit.
Again, the same rule follows. We know that Sixty is shashtihi and further
numbers would be just adding prefixes one- two- ( ekam- dve- ) and so on.
Last twenty numbers before we reach one hundred. We know that Eighty
is ekaasheetihi and it is all about just adding the prefixes.
And here! Ninety is navatihi and we keep adding the prefixes till hundred.
Good Manners
Punaha milaamaha (सससस सससससस) means 'see you again'. Astu (ससससस)
means 'Okay'. For example when I say punaha milaamaha(सससस सससससस)
you would say astu punaha milaamaha (ससससस सससस सससससस).
Afternoon
Evening
Excuse me
good manners
Good morning
Madam
Namaste
Night night
OK
Please
sanskrit
Sir
Thank you
Hello world!
Let us try to learn how to use simple words, by using them in simple
sentences.
What is bhavata
your सससस ससस
your ha kim=w
सससस (masculi bhavataha सससस?(ससससससस
name? naama hat
ne) सससससससस)
(Masculi kim?
ne)
What is
ससससससस ससस bhavaty
your your
सससस bhavatyah सससस?(सससससससस aha
(feminin name?
ससस a सससससससस) naama
e) (Feminin
kim?
e)