10/10/2010

ROPES AND FLAT BELTS

Weight W is held in static equilibrium by a

rope that passes over a peg.

peg If peg is frictionless: P = W to maintain static

equilibrium
Chapter 7(Cont’n)
Belt Friction

ROPES AND FLAT BELTS

D•

Weight W is held in static equilibrium by a

C • 50N rope that passes over a peg.

peg If peg is frictionless: P = W

B• If the contact surface between the peg and

Determine the weight W the rope has friction : P  W to maintain
to maintain equilibrium if equilibrium. There is a possibility that P < W
pulleys are frictionless: and still maintain equilibrium
A• W = 400N

Analysis of Belt Friction 7.64

When motion is impending: The 30N weight is attached to a rope that runs over a fixed
cylinder. The coefficient of static friction between the rope and the
Thin, flat belt cylinder is 0.3. Determine the range of the force P for which the
s T2  T1es system will be at rest.

Where: s T2  T1es

T1= tension in the slack side

CW motion: P  30e0.3 P  77N
T2= tension in the tight side

T2 > T 1 CCW motion: 30  Pe0.3 P  11.7N

S= coefficient of static friction
System is at rest if:
 = angle of wrap
= radians 11.7N  P  77N
( radians = 180 deg.)

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7.59
The rope is wrapped 1 and ½ times
How many turns of rope around the capstan are needed for the 60-
around a circular peg. What is ?
N force to resist the 9000-N pull of a docked ship? The coefficient
of friction between the capstan and the rope is 0.2.
  1.5( 2)

  3

or:

  n( 2)

n = no. of turns

2 radians = 1 revolution
= 360 deg. Capstan – a device for fastening a ship to the dock.

7.59
Other Applications of Belt Friction:
s=0.2
Capstan – a device for fastening a ship to the dock. T2  T1es

Belt Drives – the friction between the belt and the pulleys 9000  60e0.2
enables power to be transmitted between rotating shafts.
Solving:   25.05 radians

Band Brakes – use friction between a band (belt) and a   n( 2)

cylindrical drum to reduce the speed of a rotating
machinery. 25.05  n( 2)

n  3.98 or 4 turns

4 turns are required to hold the ship.

Problem s=0.15

The rope running over two fixed cylinders carries the 4-kg mass at A
one end. Determine the force P that must be applied to the other • T
end to initiate motion. The coefficient of friction between the rope T B
and the cylinders is 0.15. •

s=0.15
s=0.15 s=0.15 4(9.81)

A B
• T •
Cylinder A: Cylinder B:
40o

T2  T1es T2  T1es

T  4(9.81)e0.15A P  Te 0.15B

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Determination of : Determination of A and B

1. 2. 3.
 
 90o  40o
• • • • • 90o 40o
• T
T
•
      
  180o  o    90o 
40o
o 
40o
 180   180 
 
    
  90o    
o 
4(9.81)
 180 
2
   
 A  90o  40o  
o 
 
  
B  40o  o 
   180   180 
•   
      o  130
 180  A  B 
40
 180o 180o


7.62 s=0.15

A
• T
T B
•

s=0.15
4(9.81)

Cylinder A: Cylinder B:

 s
T2  T1e T2  T1es FIN.

0.15A 0.15B
T  4(9.81)e P  Te
 130   40 
0.15  0.15 
 180 
T  4(9.81)e  180  P  55.15e

T  55.15N P  61.24N