Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Eighth Week
Heat Transfer 1
The report has to be submit to the tutor staff before tutor class on 11 October 2018
Solve all problems. Each group has to submit one report. The report is covered with a page cover
consisting of homework number, group member included with signature of each member.
1. A flaked cereal is of thickness 2L = 1.2 mm. The density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of
the flake are = 710 kg/m3, cp =
2390 J/kg K, and k = 0.35 W/m K,
respectively. The product is to be
baked by increasing its
temperature from Ti = 20oC to Tf
= 220oC in a convection oven,
through which the product is
carried on a conveyor. If the
oven is Lo = 2.85 m long and the
convection heat transfer
coefficient at the product
surface and oven air
temperature are h = 55 W/m2 K and T= 300oC, respectively, determine the required conveyor
velocity, V. An engineer suggests that if the flake thickness is reduced to 2L = 1.0 mm the conveyor
velocity can be increased, resulting in higher productivity. Determine the required conveyor velocity
for the thinner flake.
2. Batch processes are often used in chemical and pharmaceutical operations to achieve a desired
chemical composition for the final product and typically involve a transient heating operation to
take the product from room
temperature to the desired process
temperature. Consider a situation for
which a chemical of density = 1185
kg/m3 and specific heat c = 2185 J/kg K
occupies a volume of V = 2.40 m3 in an
insulated vessel. The chemical is to be
heated from room temperature, Ti =
300 K, to a process temperature of T =
450 K by passing saturated steam at Th =
500 K through a coiled, thin‐walled, 20‐
mm‐diameter tube in the vessel. Steam
condensation within the tube maintains
an interior convection coefficient of hi = 9,500 W/m2 K, while the highly agitated liquid in the stirred
vessel maintains an outside convection coefficient of ho = 2000 W/m2 K. If the chemical is to be
heated from 300 to 450 K in 60 min, what is the required length L of the submerged tubing?
3. A long wire of diameter D = 1.1 mm is submerged in an oil bath of temperature T = 25oC. The wire
has an electrical resistance per unit length of Re’ = 0.01 /m. If a current of I = 110 A flows through
the wire and the convection coefficient is h = 520 W/m2 K, what is the steady‐state temperature of
the wire? From the time the current is applied, how long does it take for the wire to reach a
temperature that is within 1oC of the steadystate value? The properties of the wire are = 8000
kg/m3, c = 500 J/kg K, and k = 20 W/m K.
4. A long plastic rod of 30‐mm diameter (k = 0.32 W/mK and cp = 1045 kJ/m3 K) is uniformly heated in
an oven as preparation for a pressing operation. For best results, the temperature in the rod should
not be less than 200oC. To what uniform temperature should the rod be heated in the oven if, for
the worst case, the rod sits on a conveyor for 3 min while exposed to convection cooling with
ambient air at 25oC and with a convection coefficient of 7.5 W/m2 K? A further condition for good
results is a maximum–minimum temperature difference of less than 10oC. Is this condition satisfied?
If not, what could you do to satisfy it?
5. Consider an acrylic sheet of thickness L = 5 mm that is used to coat a hot, isothermal metal substrate
at Th = 300oC. The properties of the acrylic are = 1990 kg/m3, c = 1470 J/kg K, and k = 0.21 W/m K.
Neglecting the thermal contact resistance between the acrylic and the metal substrate, determine
how long it will take for the insulated back side of the acrylic to reach its softening temperature, Tsoft
= 90oC. The initial acrylic temperature is Ti = 20oC.
Good Luck