Early Nationalist Organization PDF

8/1/2018----Indian National Movement Early Nationalist Organization, Central Mohammadan National Association, and Moderates- Translation in Hindi,
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Indian National Movement-Early Nationalist Organization,

Central Mohammadan National Association, and Moderates
Early Nationalist Organization
In 1837, Land Holders' Society was founded in Calcutta
The main purpose of the society was to safeguard their rights under the Permanent
Settlement.
Its initial name was Zamindari Association but later its name was changed to Land Holders'
Society. British Indian Society- 1839
This society was founded in Lojidoji
The free traders formed this association to draw the attention to the despotic and medieval
character of the company's administration. Bengal British India Association - 1843
It was founded on the advice of George Thomas.
George Thomas was the Secretary of British Indian Society
It was the first political association of India
It was founded by William Adam on the advice of George Thomas
British India Association-1851

Founders:
1. Radha Kant Dev
2. Devendra Nath Tagore
3. Prasana Kumar Bombay Association and Madras Native
Association-1852
Founders:
1. Jagannath
2. Shanker Seth
3. Dadabhai Naoroji
4. Fadunji
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5. Bhaudaji
Central Mohammadan National Association

It was founded in 1878 at Calcutta.
It was founded by Sayyid Amir Ah.
Bombay Presidency Association-1885

Founders:
1. l. K.T.Tailang
2. Feroz Shah Mehta
3. Badruddin Tayal Ji.
Indian Union-1884
Founded by A.O.Hume.
Its first Conference held at Poona
Indian National Congress-1885
Founded at Gokul Das Tejpal Sanskrit College at Bombay, by A.O.Hume
Other important founding members were:
Dadabhai Naoroji
Feroz Shah Mehta
Badruddin Tayalji
WC.Banerjee.
The word 'Indian National Congress' was given by Dadabhai Naoroji
'Congress' means an assembly of some people, it is derived from American history.
The entire period of Congress can be divided into 3 parts:
1. Moderates- 1885-1905
2. Extremists- 1905-1916
3. Gandhian Phase - 1916-1947
Objectives:
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Fusion into one national whole of all the different and discordant elements that constituted
the population of India.
Gradual regeneration along all lines- mental, moral, social and political lines of the nation,
thus declared.
Consolidation of union between England and India.
Improvement and consolidation of feeling of national unity, irrespective of caste, religion and
province.
Indian National Social Conference-1840
Founded by M.G Ranade and Raghunath
Moderates
Demands
1. No taxation without representation.
2. Demand for swaraj (Calcutta,1906).
3. Greater Indianization of I.C.S.
4. Simultaneous examination of I.C.S.
5. They were against the attack on Burma and Afghanistan.
6. They popularised swadeshi.
7. They were against the abandonment of tariff on imports.
8. They were against the imposition of cotton excise dutv. ;
9. Agairist drain of wealth.
10. They demanded the separation of power between Judiciary and Executive.
11. To repeal the Arms Act.
12. Reduction in Military expenditure.
13. Appointment of Indians above the rank of 2nd Lieutenant in Indian Army.
Achievements
1. The Indian Council Act, 1892 was the result of their demand.
2. The concept of Swaraj which was highlighted in Banaras and Calcutta session in l905 and
l906, continued to be a guiding factor of Congress upto 1929, Lahore session.
3. Webley Commission was constituted to assess the revenue expenditure.
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4. The Military expenditure reduced considerably.
5. Swadeshi considerably affects the import patterns.
6. The Drain Theory exposed the character of British exploitation.
Leaders
1. l. K. T. Telang
2. Gopal Krishna Gokhle.
3. Feroz Shah Mehta.
4. R.M.Sawhney.
5. 5.A M Dharmsi.
6. Badruddin Tayabji.
7. W.C.Banerjee.
8. Dada Bhai Naoroji
9. George Yule
10. Anand Charlu
11. Alferd Web
12. S.N.Banerjee
13. Rahmat Ullah Sayani
14. C.Shankaran Aiyar.
15. Anand Mohan Bose
16. N.G.Chakravarty
17. D.E.Wacha
18. Lal Mohan Ghosh
19. Henry Cotton. "'
Extremists
1. Mode of Struggle Non-Cooperation Movement
2. Passive resistance
3. The concept of passive resistance was given by Aurobindo Ghosh
4. Mass Agitation
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5. Self-reliance
6. The concept of Atma Shakti (self-reliance) was given by Rabindranath Tagore
7. Self-respect (this concept was given by Swami Vivekanand)
8. Causes for the rise of Extremists
9. Due to the mendicancy of the moderates
10. The international influence:
a. The defeat of Russia by Japan in 1904-05:
b. In 1896, Ethiopia defeated Italy;
c. Influence of the. Russian nihilism
11. The emergence of radical leaders:
a. Aurobindo Ghosh
i. He started a systematic critic of moderate politics.
ii. He published an article called New Lamps for Old and this article created new
awareness among the new generation
b. Ashwini Kumar Dutt
Said about 1897 at Amrauti session that it is a three-days Tamasha
c. Lala Lajpat Rai
He regarded the Congress session 'it is factuous annual festival of British educated
elites'.
d. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
i. He started patriotic cum historical cult as the central symbol of nationalism;
ii. In 1894, he started Ganpati Shivaii festival;
iii. In 1896, he started no revenue campaign;
iv. In 1896, he boycotted against the Cotton Excise Tax and therefore he gave the
concept of swadeshi;
v. A historian called Vincent Chirol said 'he is the father of Indian unrest'.
e. Rabindra Nath Tagore
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i. Through his poems he at-tacked the Congress mendicancy and repeated call
for Atma Shakti. by establishing swadeshi industries;
ii. He pleaded melas for mass contact;
iii. Therefore, he may be regarded as the 'father of mass agitation'.
f. Harkishan Lai
i. He was an Arva Samajist:
ii. In 1901, he wrote two articles in a journal Kayasth in which he exposed the
moderates;
12. Curzon's reactionary policy of mission, omission and commission.
13. Partition of Bengal in 1905.
14. The impact of Drain Theory was on :
a. M.G. Ranade- The Essays in Indian Economics,
b. R.C. Putt - Economic History of India,
c. Dadabhai Naoroji - Poverty and Un-British Rule in India
Extremists Leaders
1. K.K. Mitra
2. Brahma Bandhav Upadhyay
3. Satish Chandra Mukherjee
4. Pulin Das
5. B.C. Pal
6. Ras Bihari Bose
7. Apurva Kumar Ghosh
8. Rajnikant Sen
9. Ashwini Kumar Dutt
10. Kharpade
Revolutionary Terrorism
Terrorist Activity abroad
I. Home Rule Society

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it is known as India House
its head quarter was Lon-don.
it was founded in 1905.
they published their own journal called Indian Sociologists
it was founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma.
Other leaders:
Hardayal -V.D. Savarkar
M.L. Dhingra
It was suppressed and they left to Paris with Madam Kama.
II. Indian Independence Committee:

Head quarter at Berlin
Founder was Virendra Nath Chattopadhyay
Works :
Sent mission to Baghdad, Istanbul, Persia and Kabul
Raja Mahendra Pratap was sent to Kabul
Maulana Barkatullah and Maulana Obeidullah Sindhi formed a provinsional government

of India.
III. Indian National Party

Head quarter was at Zurich
Founder was Champak Raman Pillai
Other members:
Hardayal
Taraknath
Barakutullah
Chandrakant Chakravorty
Harambha Lal
IV. Paris Indian Society
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Head quarter was at Paris
Founder was Madam Bhikaji Kama
Members:
S.S. Rana
M.P.T. Acharya
K.R. Kotwal
V. Pan Islamic Party:

Founded by Mahendra Pratap
Headquarter was at Kabul
Important members :
Barakutullah
Maulana Obeidullah
VI. Gadar Party:

Headquarter was at Yugantar Ashram, San Fransisco (USA);
Founded by Lala Hardayal (and Sohan Singh Bhakna)
Sohan Singh Bhakna was the President
Hardayal was the General Secy.
Pandit Kashi Ram was the treasurer
The old name of the Gadar Party was Hindi Association
which was set up in Port Land in May 1913.
Important Members:
Bhai Parmanand
Ram Chandra -Gadar's weekly journal was called Hindustan Gadar and the front page of
this journal contained the article Angrezi Raj Ka Kachcha Chittha
Methods of Gadar Party:
To murder the loyal subjects and officials
Hoisting the revolutionary flag
Breaking of thejail
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Looting treasury and thana
Propagating through literature
Commission of rlacoits
The procurement of the anns
Manufacture of bombs
Formation of secret societies
Destruction of railways and telegraph
To publish paper in four languages : Hindi, Urdu, Gurumukhi and English
Hardayal was later arrested and thereafter, he was released on hail and then he escaped
safely to Geneva and edited a paper called Vande Matram.
In America, his disciple Ram Chandra headed the Gadar Party
The Gadar Party became quite active during World War-I (WW-I)
On 29th August, 1914, the Gadar Party sent 60 revolutionaries in India in S.S. Korea ship;
they were detained at HongKong.
But, a lot of revolutionaries escaped and reached to India and they did a lot of terrorist
activities in India.
Komagata Maru Incident

Baba Gurdit Singly a Sikh of Amritsar, chartered a Japanese ship called Koma Gata Maru,
early in 1914 to carry large number of Punjabis to Canada but they were not al-lowed to land
in Canada and the ship returned to India.
The British government thought that they are all revolutionary of Gadar Party.
They were compelled to take a train from Calcutta en route to Punjab.
Only 60 passengers agreed and the rest wanted to go to Calcutta and refused to get into
Punjab train.
Police attacked them and 18 Sikhs were killed, 29 disappeared and rest were arrested.
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8/1/2018----Indian National Movement Early Nationalist Organization, Central Mohammadan National Association, and Moderates- Translation in Hindi,

Indian National Movement-Early Nationalist Organization,

This society was founded in Lojidoji

It was founded on the advice of George Thomas.

George Thomas was the Secretary of British Indian Society

It was the first political association of India

It was founded by William Adam on the advice of George Thomas

British India Association-1851

2. Devendra Nath Tagore

3. Prasana Kumar Bombay Association and Madras Native

Central Mohammadan National Association

It was founded by Sayyid Amir Ah.

Bombay Presidency Association-1885

2. Feroz Shah Mehta

3. Badruddin Tayal Ji.

Its first Conference held at Poona

Indian National Congress-1885

Founded at Gokul Das Tejpal Sanskrit College at Bombay, by A.O.Hume

Other important founding members were:

Feroz Shah Mehta

The word 'Indian National Congress' was given by Dadabhai Naoroji

'Congress' means an assembly of some people, it is derived from American history.

The entire period of Congress can be divided into 3 parts:

3. Gandhian Phase - 1916-1947

Consolidation of union between England and India.

Indian National Social Conference-1840

Founded by M.G Ranade and Raghunath

2. Demand for swaraj (Calcutta,1906).

3. Greater Indianization of I.C.S.

4. Simultaneous examination of I.C.S.

5. They were against the attack on Burma and Afghanistan.

6. They popularised swadeshi.

7. They were against the abandonment of tariff on imports.

8. They were against the imposition of cotton excise dutv. ;

9. Agairist drain of wealth.

11. To repeal the Arms Act.

12. Reduction in Military expenditure.

3. Webley Commission was constituted to assess the revenue expenditure.

5. Swadeshi considerably affects the import patterns.

6. The Drain Theory exposed the character of British exploitation.

2. Gopal Krishna Gokhle.

3. Feroz Shah Mehta.

8. Dada Bhai Naoroji

10. Anand Charlu

11. Alferd Web

13. Rahmat Ullah Sayani

14. C.Shankaran Aiyar.

15. Anand Mohan Bose

18. Lal Mohan Ghosh

19. Henry Cotton. "'

3. The concept of passive resistance was given by Aurobindo Ghosh

6. The concept of Atma Shakti (self-reliance) was given by Rabindranath Tagore

7. Self-respect (this concept was given by Swami Vivekanand)

8. Causes for the rise of Extremists

9. Due to the mendicancy of the moderates

10. The international influence:

a. The defeat of Russia by Japan in 1904-05:

b. In 1896, Ethiopia defeated Italy;

c. Influence of the. Russian nihilism

11. The emergence of radical leaders:

i. He started a systematic critic of moderate politics.

b. Ashwini Kumar Dutt

Said about 1897 at Amrauti session that it is a three-days Tamasha