Substance

Abuse Treatment
WHAT IS SUBSTANCE ABUSE?

Alcohol abuse Illicit drug use Prescription

drug misuse

DRUG AND ALCOHOL ADDICTION

disease with a high fatality rate.
Addiction is a complex brain

Alcohol GHB Meth Morphine Bath Salts Stimulants

Xanax Weed Cocaine Fentanyl Spice Inhalants

Percocet MDMA Heroin Opioids Hallucinogens Club drugs

Oxycodone Ecstasy Kratom Sedatives Khat

Addiction hijacks the brain and destroys

essential regions in the brain.

Mesolimbic
Reward and
Dopamine
Pleasure
System

Decision- Prefrontal
making Cortex

Frontal
Loss of Cortex
Control Inactivity

SUBSTANCE ABUSE STATISTICS

2014
30-60%
of people with substance use
disorder met the criteria for
comorbid PTSD.

21.2 MILLION 7 MILLION

ages 12 and older living with co-occurring
needed substance addiction and mental illness.
abuse treatment.

9 in 10
people with alcohol addiction
didn’t receive needed treatment.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL ADDICTION

Each year, substance abuse costs the U.S. $440 BILLION in health care, crime
and lost work productivity.

$193 BILLION $249 BILLION $78.5 BILLION

illicit drug costs alcohol costs prescription opioid costs
in 2007. in 2010. in 2013.
$

$
$
$

$
$
$

$ $ $
$
$

$ $
$

$ $ $ $
$

$ $ $ $

SIGNS OF DRUG USE

Signs associated with drug use are based on the primary substance of abuse.

EYES OTHER
Bloodshot Changes in weight Criminal involvement

Glazed Increased irritability Lack of priorities

Dilated Aggression Different habits

Pinpoint Mood swings Shift in social life

Personality changes Lethargy
Depression Bruises
Financial issues Infections

SIGNS OF ALCOHOL ABUSE

Severe alcohol dependence and addiction is known as Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD).

Interferes with
Developed tolerance
responsibilities

Most time is spent Withdrawal symptoms

drinking

Drinking despite
consequences Experiencing cravings

Black out drinking Interpersonal issues

patterns

SUBSTANCE ABUSE & DRUG DETOX

Detox involves mild, moderate and severe withdrawal symptoms.

Anxiety Insomnia

Depression Sweating

Vomiting Restlessness

Nausea Shakes

Seizures Tremors

MEDICAL DETOX
Medical assisted detoxification is the first stage of substance abuse treatment.

Safe Manages
Process Withdrawal

SAMHSA GUIDELINES
Detox is comprised of three essential and consecutive elements.

Evaluation Stabilization Treatment

preparation

All three elements are vital and must be incorporated for a complete detox.

AT-HOME DETOX
At home detox is not always appropriate and potential complications are dangerous.

MENTAL HEALTH

Anger
Anxiety
Delusions
Depression

Hallucinations
Hopelessness
Paranoia
Suicidal thoughts

PHYSICAL HEALTH

Alcohol Benzodiazepines Opioid

withdrawal without medical assistance can lead to death.

Psychosis High Fever Seizures Convulsions

Delirium tremens Blood Pressure Heart palpitations Respiratory

Incline Failure

MEDICATION-ASSISTED TREATMENT
Medication assisted treatment (MAT) uses FDA approved medications to
aid treatment.

Individualized Counseling Behavioral therapy

MAT is proven effective for those with opioid and alcohol use disorders.

OPIOID TREATMENT
Methadone

Buprenorphine

Naltrexone

ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL MEDICATION

Disulfiram

Acamprosate

Naltrexone

SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT

1 in 10
people with a substance addiction
receive specialized treatment.

Comprehensive treatment must address the whole person and be tailored

to meet individual needs.

• Assessment Medical
• Evidence-based methods Mental health
SERVICES

• Substance use exam Education

• Case management Vocational
• Clinical supervision Legal
• Recovery support Family
• Continued care HIV/AIDS

TREATMENT SERVICES

COUNSELING

Individual Group Family

THERAPY

Family Behavior Cognitive Motivational Life Skills

Behavioral Enhancement

INPATIENT TREATMENT

SHORT-TERM PROGRAMS
Detoxification

Intensive therapy
FOCUS

28-30 60-90 Social integration

days days preparation

Post treatment
Residential care

long-TERM PROGRAMS
Resocialization

Personal accountability
FOCUS

24
hour 6-12 Responsibility
care days
Social productivity

Non-hospital Self-examination
communities

• Individualized • Intensive therapy

BENEFITS

• Strong support • Vocational services

• High structure • Low relapse risk

• Comprehensive

OUTPATIENT TREATMENT
Outpatient is effective for mild substance abuse problems and inpatient
discharge plans.

10+ week
duration Flexible schedule Low intensity Structured
commitment

Intensive Partial Individual

Outpatient Hospitalization Therapy
IOP PHP

6
3-4 days 3-4 days 1-2 days
hours
a week a week a week

12 STEP PROGRAMS
12-step program attendance has increased steadily for over four decades.

Effective Free Accessible

On average, AA ONE-THIRD
and NA members of 12-step members
have 5 + years of have 1-5 YEARS in
abstinence. continuous recovery.

In the U.S., 12-step

Participation while in 60%
involvement is mandated
treatment is connected treatment programs
or encouraged by most
to greater outcomes. use a 12-step model
addiction treatment
approach.
programs.

ADDICTION RECOVERY
Recovery is a changing process that improves health, wellness and self-direction.

SAMHSA’s WORKING DEFINITION OF RECOVERY

HEALTH HOME PURPOSE COMMUNITY

Abstinence Stability Work Relationships
Self-care Safety School Social networks
Psychological Volunteerism Support
Emotional Independence Friendship
Physical Income Love
Spiritual Family Hope
Interdependence

(877) 322-2450 FIND REHAB CENTERS

FINDREHABCENTERS.ORG

Resources:
https://addiction.surgeongeneral.gov/sites/default/files/chapter-5-recovery.pdf
https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/10/biology-addiction
https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/Treatment/treatment.htm
https://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content//SMA08-4126/SMA08-4126.pdf
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/treatment-recovery
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-drug-abuse-addiction-basics
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/drug-addiction-treatment-in-united
-states/types-treatment-programs
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/teaching-packets/understanding-drug-abuse-addiction/section-iii/7-medical-detoxification
https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/rrcomorbidity.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64119/#A85332
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5193234/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/substance-use-and-mental-health/index.shtml
https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-FRR1-2014/NSDUH-FRR1-2014.pdf
https://www.samhsa.gov/medication-assisted-treatment/treatment#medications-used-in-mat
https://www.samhsa.gov/treatment/substance-use-disorders