Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Karen Huacasi
Heartland Health is a primary care practice that is looking to transition from paper
charting to an electronic health record (EHR). This organization seeks to qualify for Medicare
EHR system that will help Heartland Health meet the requirements for meaningful use stage two
and three. It includes features such as electronic prescribing, clinical decision support, e-learning,
and a patient portal. In addition, CureMD is found to be the most affordable when compared to
Heartland Health’s mission is to continue the healing ministry of Christ by serving the
underprivileged community and providing high quality, effective, and holistic care. Heartland
Health’s vision is to be the number one provider of primary care services in the community
within the next five years. The results of a situational analysis showed that longevity of clinicians
and geographic distribution are two strengths that Heartland Health possesses. Two weaknesses
were identified as paper charting and staff resistance to change. Opportunities include a new
company bringing many jobs to town and the median resident age. However, Heartland Health is
threatened by the new HMO opening in a nearby town and by the possibility that Medicare might
Heartland Health’s two primary care offices are made up of 12 staff members. The
leadership team provides guidance for these staff members. The physician leader holds the
official leadership role at this organization. Under the physician leader, the office is divided into
clinical services and the front office. The healthcare technician oversees the front office. At
Heartland Health, the physician leader communicates closely with the health care technician.
Strategic Business Proposal 3
During weekly meetings the leaders review and approve product service proposals. However, the
physician leader is the only person that can sign off on a proposal.
A three-year financial prospectus was created for the adoption of CureMD at Heartland
Health. In the first year, RVUs are forecast to increase by 1,200 with additional revenue of
$54,000. The first year’s operating expense for the EMR installation is $44,200. The operating
margin is 18.1%. The cost per unit for Year 1 is 36.8. A capital cash purchase of $9,000 is
The entire healthcare team at Heartland Health is expected to benefit from the
implementation of the new EHR system. The practice will profit from the adoption of CureMD
through increased revenue and averted costs. This EHR system will have the capability to
provide patients with appointment reminders, allow for electronic medication prescription, and
decrease adverse effects of drug interactions through its computerized decision support features.
The health information technician and nurse practitioner have been selected to be CureMD
Customer feedback regarding the new EHR system will be collected and analyzed before
and after the implementation of CureMD. Surveys, testimonials, focus groups, and semi-
structured interviews will be held so that customer concerns can be addressed and resolved in a
timely manner. Heartland Health will track results of using using two different methods.
Heartland Health will track profitability by reviewing the number of RVU’s generated before and
after the implementation of EHR system. Meaningful use goals will be tracked through the use of
the Meaningful Use Dashboard. The implementation of CureMD will play an essential role in
helping Heartland Health participate in the EHR incentive program, improve patient outcomes,
and ultimately help realize the mission and vision of this organization.
Strategic Business Proposal 4
Historically, cost reimbursement by Medicare was the main form of payment in hospitals
and for other institutional providers the United States. These institutions were paid based off of
reasonable cost and apportionment (Cleverley & Cleverley, 2018). This form of payment was
Later on, diagnosis-related group payments (DRG) were introduced. DRG’s “take all
possible diagnoses… and classifies them into 25 major diagnostic categories…these categories
are then further broken down into distinct medically meaningful groupings or DRG’s” (Cleverley
& Cleverley, 2018). Hospitals are then paid based off of these groupings.
A historic payment reduction was the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA). According to
Wu & Shen, this was the most significant Medicare payment reduction in decades (2011). So
significant, that these cuts could possibly still affect hospitals today. The BBA “reduced DRG
payment levels between 1998 and 2002 and permanently altered the formula for special add-on
payments” (Wu & Shen, 2011). Wu and Shen found evidence that Medicare payment cuts that
resulted from the BBA possibly had a long-term effect on patient outcomes (2011).
The United States experienced a recession from 2007 to 2009 that had a strong impact on
American hospitals (Bazzoli, Fareed, & Waters, 2014). Different groups of hospitals experienced
fianancial challenges during this recession. Both financially weak hospitals and financially
strong hospitals experienced a drop in total margin. However, weak hospitals were almost in the
same financial situation during the recession as they were before it. According to findings by
Bazzoli et. al, the recession did not have a large permanent effect on vulnerable hospitals (2014).
However, vulnerable hospitals do have weaknesses that make it difficult for them to respond to
new changes within the healthcare delivery system (Bazzoli et. al, 2014).
Strategic Business Proposal 5
Current
In today’s economic climate, solo primary care physicians (PCP’s) are more likely than
salaried PCP’s to be concerned about providing high quality care, likely because reimbursement
is based on the quality of care provided (Baek, Xirasagar, Stoskpf, & Seidman, 2012). This is
largely because of the Affordable Care Act. For this reason, quality linked financial incentives
are often used to motivate providers to provide high-quality care in the primary care setting.
A form of reimbursement that exists today is the bundled payment. Bundled payments
allow the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services to transfer risk to providers by
“determining a target price for clinical episodes and holding providers financially accountable if
the provision of services within the episode is higher than the target” (Cleverley & Cleverley,
2018). When Medicare pays hospitals for bundled services, it is referred to as Prospective
Payment Systems. This payment system provides one “comprehensive all-inclusive payment” to
the hospital. The hospital then uses this large payment to pay for the services provided and to pay
Reimbursement varies according to location in today’s economic climate. States with the
highest physicians’ annual wages are Nebraska, Kansas, Indiana, Mississippi, and Michigan
(Riley, Withy, Rogers, DuBose-Morris, & Kurozawa, 2017). States with the lowest physician’s
annual wages are District of Columbia, New York, Vermont, Connecticut, and Hawaii (Riley et
al., 2017). Lower reimbursement makes it more challenging to hire and maintain physicians in
these states, especially where cost of living is high. To combat this issue, Medicare is “currently
revising its payment methodologies through the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act
of 2015” (Riley et al., 2017). This change will focus on value-based payments, which will
Heartland Health is a primary care practice made up of two offices. Four primary care
providers are employed at these two offices. Heartland Health is looking to transition from paper
charting to an electronic health record (EHR) in order to receive Medicare reimbursement for
Heartland Health seeks to adopt an EHR because it will improve efficiency and quality of care
Product Description
Providers who use technology to meet a set of requirements for “meaningful use” are
financially incentivized as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
(Wheatley, 2013). Some of these requirements include protecting patient health information,
clinical decision support, electronic prescribing, health information exchange, patient specific
education, and patient electronic access (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, n.d.).
Heartland Health reviewed various products and services in order to find the vendor that best
suited its needs. Three vendors were selected; Cure MD, eClinicalWorks and NextGen, A
competitive analysis was used to compare Cure MD to eClinicalWorks and NextGen with a
Price attractiveness is a criterion that was analyzed during the decision-making period.
The cost for the CureMD EHR suite is $295 per month per provider, the most affordable option
out of the three vendors that were considered (CureMD, n.d.). Because our practice has four
providers, the cost per month would come out to $1,180. eClinicalWorks charges $449 per month
per provider and offers comparable features. NextGen only provides quote-based pricing, which
Strategic Business Proposal 7
is notoriously high (Parker, n.d.). CureMD meets requirements for the EHR incentive program
Ease of use was also considered in the competitive analysis. When compared to
eClinicalWorks and NextGen, CureMD was found to be the most easy to use. For example,
CureMD has an inbuilt E&M code calculator that allows the provider to generate the correct
level of visit at the click of a button (Parker, n.d.). The suite offer workflow automation and
After completion of the competitive analysis, Heartland Health settled on the CureMD
EHR system because it scored high in price attractiveness and ease of use. CureMD is 2015
edition ONC certified and meets requirements for meaningful use stage two and three. It is
HIPAA5010 Certified and is well known for being easy to use, reliable, and high performing. It
features electronic prescribing, electronic labs, patient portal, e-learning, clinical decision
Competitive Analysis
Table 1
Competitive Analysis
CureM eClinical
NextGen
D Works
Price attractiveness H M L
Ease of use H M L
There are four annual cost assumptions that can be made about Heartland Health. The
first is related to providers. Four providers are employed at Heartland Health. One is a medical
director, one is a physician, and two are nurse practitioners. The medical director is paid
$250,000 a year and the physician is paid $200,000 a year. The nurse practitioners are each paid
$120,000 a year. Altogether, $690,000 is spent annually on provider’s time. The second annual
cost assumption is related to technology. Two electrocardiogram machines, two copiers, eight
computers, two ultrasound machines, and two electronic scales come out to $33,000. The third
annual cost assumption involves supplies such as paper, tongue depressors, bathroom supplies,
and exam room supplies. $25,000 is spent on the listed supplies. The final assumption is indirect
costs. A part-time information technologist will be paid $60,000. A biller will receive $40,000.
Two receptionists will each make $30,000. Four medical assistants will each receive $30,000.
The lease is $6,000 per month for two office suites, which comes out to $72,000 annually.
Utilities cost $500 every month for both offices, resulting in a total of $6,000. In the end, the
total annual expense for the indirect cost category is $358,000. The total annual expense for
Office visits are 15 minutes long. This basic unit of service is used to calculate relative
value scale (RVU). Taking the total hours providers have available to charge and multiplying it
by four, because there are four 15-minute intervals per hour, calculates RVU’s. A 15-minute
patient visit would cost $39.51. The most costly component of the visit is the provider’s time.
The average expense for provider time per RVU is $24.65 per month. The least costly component
of the visit is the “supplies” category, which is only $0.89 per month.
Strategic Business Proposal 9
Heartland Health has produced its one-month expense budget. Upon examination, it was
decided that the “provider’s time” cost category had a favorable variance. Heartland Health
budgeted $57,602 and actually spent $56,000, leaving $1,602 leftover. This favorable variance
may be because the providers did not take sick days, vacation days, or overtime pay this month.
Technological cost variances were unfavorable this month. Heartland Health budgeted $2,753
this month and ended up spending $3,000 on technology. This means they spent $247 more than
they had planned in the technology cost category. Perhaps a technological device broke down
unexpectedly this month, and a new one had to be purchased. Supply cost variances were also
unfavorable this month. The budget for supplies was set at $2,076, and the actual cost came out
to $2,588. Supply cost might have gone $512 over budget because more patients came through
the office than usual. More patient’s usually means more supplies in use. Indirect costs had a
favorable variance. $29,839 was budgeted and only $28,965 was used. This resulted in $874 left
over. The total one-month budget variance was favorable because $1,717 was left over from
what was budgeted for monthly expenses at Heartland Health this month.
Heartland Health has created a one-month productivity report. This month, productivity
at Heartland South had an unfavorable variance. Heartland Health budgeted 1,166 RVU’s and
only produced 1,111. This results in an unfavorable variance of 55 RVU’s. Perhaps more patients
than usual did not show up to their appointments or cancelled at the last minute. Productivity at
Heartland North also had unfavorable variance. 1166 RVU’s were used but Heartland Health
budgeted 1167 RVU’s. This resulted in a 1 RVU variance. This slight variance may again be due
to patient’s that did not show up to their scheduled appointments or cancelled very late.
Strategic Business Proposal 10
Heartland Health
Costs and RVU Development
RVUs calculations
Assumptions:
The basic unit of service is a 15-minute office visit, a relative value scale (RVU)
Costs:
a. Provider
A provider works 40 hours per week less 1 hour for lunch = 35 hours/wk. Each provider has 2
weeks vacation/yr. There are 50 remaining weeks x 35 hours = 1,750 hours a year. For monthly,
it is 1750 hours divided by 12 = 145.83 hours per month per provider. With 4 providers there are
There are 4 15-minute relative value scale (RVU) used for fee-for-service rate reimbursement.
$57,500. $57,500 divided by 2333 RVU = $24.64 Average expense for provider time per RVU is
$24.64/month
b.Technology $33,000 per year divided by 12 = $2750 per month. Average expense for
technology is 2750 divided by 2333 RVUs per month = $1.18 per RVU
c. Supplies $25,000 per year divided by 12 - $2750=$2083.33 per month; 2083.33 divided by
Heartland Health
One-month Expense Budget
s Time
Technolo $1.18 3000 $2753 (247)
gy Cost
Supply $.89 2588 $2076 (512)
Cost
Indirect $12.79 28,965 $29,839 874
costs
Total $39.51 90553 $92,270 1717
Heartland Health
One Month Productivity Report
Extra Credit:
Provider’s Time Budget should be $57,500. Favorable variance should then be $1,500.
Technology Cost budget should be $2,750. Unfavorable variance should then be $250. Supply
cost budget should be $2,083.33. Unfavorable variance should be $504.67. Indirect cost budget
should be $29,833.33. Favorable variance should be $868.33. Total budget should be 92,166.67.
Leadership
Heartland Health has a clearly organized leadership team. The physician leader is at the
top of the organization chart. He holds the official leadership role at this organization. Under the
physician leader, the office is divided into two sections, the clinical services and the front office.
The operational leader of clinical services role is an unofficial role held by one of the nurse
practitioners at the second clinic site. This unofficial role consists partially of overseeing the
medical assistants at the site. The leader of the front office is the health information technician
who oversees the two receptionists and the part time biller.
At Heartland Health, the physician leader communicates closely with the informal
operational leader and with the health care technician. The health care technician and informal
operation leader report directly to the physician leader. All members of the clinic team
communicate frequently with their respective leaders and the physician leader. When any party
has a concern or suggestion, they all come together to have a formal discussion. Due to the fact
that there are two formal and one informal leadership roles, the leaders meet once a week to
review and approve product service proposals. Each person in the meeting reviews it, but the one
person that signs off on the proposal is the physician leader. Implementing CureMD will not
require hiring another person. However we will need a consultant for eight weeks.
Heartland Health’s mission is to continue the healing ministry of Christ by serving the
underprivileged community and providing high quality, effective, and holistic care.
Heartland Health’s vision is to be the number one provider of primary care services in the
A situational analysis of Heartland Health was performed using the strength, weakness,
opportunity, and threat format. One strength of Heartland Health is the longevity of their
clinicians. Between them, they have over 27 years of experience. A second strength is the
geographic distribution of the two clinics across the community. The clinics are fourteen miles
apart but remain in the same clinic. Because both clinics are located on a busy strip mall, the
public can more easily discover and access them. One weakness of this clinic needs to confront
is the fact that they are still using paper charting. Paper charting takes up a tremendous amount
of space. It has become very inconvenient, time consuming. A frequent com plaint is that billing
constantly has to search for a particular patients paper chart behind the receptionists desk, on
providers desks, and on the medical assistant’s desks. A second weakness is that one physician, a
nurse practitioner, and both medical assistants are resistant to change. The last time a new
technology was introduced, these individuals voiced that they were unhappy with the change and
According to the situational analysis, a new opportunity is that Yamaha Industries bring
3,000 full-time jobs to town, and fifty percent of its employees will be relocating to town from
other parts of the country. A second opportunity is that the median resident age is 35.9 years.
This provides Heartland Health with the hope that most patients will be able to manage their own
care and adjust to the changes and added patient features that accompanies a switch to an
electronic health system. One threat to Heartland Health is that clinic connected with a popular
and successful HMO is opening in a nearby town. A second threat is that Medicare readjustment
might be adjusted downward if Heartland Health cannot demonstrate meaningful use of certified
Expense Assumptions
5. Salaries and wages--Training and productivity loss; 4 providers 40 hours training each x
$200/hr. = $32000. 6 receptionists/medical assistants 40 hours training x $15 = $3600. 1 biller 40
hours training x $15 = $600. $32000+$3600 +$600=$36,200 Informatics technician training
required—No additional.
6. Materials and supplies required—no additional
7. Technology—contract services annually--support for computerized technology is $8000
8. Depreciation and Amortization—none {use when recording the depreciation of an asset [e.g.
land, building or equipment (computer)] reducing their historical cost by accumulated
depreciation (refer to page 264 in textbook for more details) Amortization schedule records the
principal and interest contained in each payment.}
9. Interest—none (use when loan is involved and cost of interest must be considered)
10. Total expense— sum of lines 5-9
Expenses
5.Salaries and Wages 36,200 -- --
6. Material and Supplies -- -- --
7. Contract Services and Fees 8,000 8,000 8,000
(technology)
8. Depreciation and Amortization -- -- --
9. Interest -- -- --
10. Total Expense 44,200 8,000 8,000
Cash Flow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sources
12.Net Income 9,800 35,200 35,200
13.Depreciation -- -- --
14.Borrowing -- -- --
15.Total sources 9,800 35,200 35,200
Uses
16.Capital purchasing 9,000 -- --
17.Working capital --
18.Total uses 9,000 -- --
Volume
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
22. RVU (Volume statistic) 1200 960 960
23. Cost per unit 36.8 8.3 8.3
Strategic Business Proposal 17
Financial Summary
electronic medical record (EMR) in the offices of Heartland Health (Table 1). In the first year,
RVUs are forecast to increase by __1200___ with an additional revenue of ___$54,000___. The
first year’s operating expense of for the EMR installation is ___$44,200___. The operating
margin is ___18.1%___. The cost per unit for Year 1 is ___$36.80___. A capital cash purchase
Marketing
The entire healthcare team will benefit from the implementation of CureMD. Physicians
can be expected to perceive benefits from the use of clinical decision support (Gans, Kralewski,
Hammons & Dowd, 2005). Nurse practitioners will benefit from improved drug refill capabilities.
Medical assistants will enjoy the ease of access to vital signs trends and laboratory results. The
biller will benefit from improved accuracy for coding evaluation and management procedures
and improved charge capture (Gans, Kralewski, Hammons & Dowd, 2005). The receptionist may
perceive a benefit from the scheduling and appointment reminder features. Finally, patients will
benefit from the ease of communication made available through the patient portal.
Heartland Health will profit from the adoption of CureMD through increased revenue and
averted costs. CureMD is the most affordable option out of the three vendors that were
considered. It scored high in the price attractiveness category of the competitive analysis.
Heartland Health will profit from the use of this EHR system through the appointment reminders
feature. When patients are notified that they have an upcoming appointment, they are more likely
to attend, which reduces the number of no shows. The ability to electronically prescribe
medications will decrease the adverse effects of drug interactions, and thus avert costs (Oreilly,
Tarride, Goeree, Lokker & Mckibbon, 2012). Computerized decision support that provides
clinical recommendations that are followed by physicians will result in improved patient
A champion for CureMD has been selected for each clinic site. The health information
technician has been selected because she is someone that knows the staff well enough to hold
them accountable for completing their training requirements. She will also be working closely
with the vendor throughout the project. The nurse practitioner leader is to be the champion at the
Strategic Business Proposal 19
second site. She is highly respected at her clinic and is well known for her ability to inspire the
Heartland Health plans to collect and analyze customer feedback before and after the
implementation of CureMD. Surveys will be conducted before the implementation to assess how
patients and staff members feel about the current state and flow of the clinic (D'Andrea, n.d.).
Survey will be conducted after implementation of CureMD to request testimonials that will help
uncover the praise or concerns customers have about the product (D'Andrea, n.d.). Focus groups
and semi-structured interviews will also be held so that these items can be discussed face to face
Heartland Health will use two different methods to track the results of using CureMD.
First it will track profitability. The number of RVU’s generated three months after
implementation of CureMD will be reviewed and compared the number of RVU’s generated
when paper charts were still in use. The health information technician will do so by visiting the
physician’s office and requesting a printed report of the RVU’s and or ICD 10 codes from the
biller. Heartland Health will use the Meaningful Use Dashboard on the first day of every month
The various features CureMD has to offer will attract and retain patient customers. It will
attract customer through its patient portal and education features. Patients will enjoy the ability
to communication their needs to their providers online, such as requesting medication refills.
They will also enjoy the ability to review their clinical information online and access patient
education. CureMD’s appointment reminders feature will help retain patient customers. The ease
of being able to pick up a prescription at the pharmacy without having to first pick up a physical
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