Professional Documents
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MATEMATIK
TAHUN 4
(EDISI BAHASA INGGERIS)
STANDARD DOCUMENT
MATHEMATICS
YEAR FOUR
i
Copyright © 2008 Curriculum Development Centre
Copyright reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilisation of this work in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, and recording is forbidden without the
prior written permission from the Director of the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia, Level 4-8,
Block E9, Parcel E, Kompleks Kerajaan Parcel E,Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, 62604 Putrajaya
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CONTENTS
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RUKUN NEGARA
BAHAWASANYA negara kita Malaysia mendukung cita-
cita untuk mencapai perpaduan yang lebih erat
dalam kalangan seluruh masyarakatnya; memelihara
satu cara hidup demokratik; mencipta masyarakat
yang adil bagi kemakmuran negara yang akan
dapat dinikmati bersama secara adil dan saksama;
menjamin satu cara yang liberal terhadap tradisi-
tradisi kebudayaannya yang kaya dan berbagai-
bagai corak; membina satu masyarakat progresif
yang akan menggunakan sains dan teknologi
moden;
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RUKUNEGARA
DECLARATION
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Pendidikan di Malaysia adalah suatu usaha
berterusan ke arah memperkembangkan lagi
potensi individu secara menyeluruh dan
bersepadu untuk mewujudkan insan yang
seimbang dan harmonis dari segi intelek,
rohani, emosi dan jasmani berdasarkan
kepercayaan dan kepatuhan kepada Tuhan.
Usaha ini adalah bagi melahirkan rakyat
Malaysia yang berilmu pengetahuan,
berketerampilan, berakhlak mulia,
bertanggungjawab dan berkeupayaan
mencapai kesejahteraan diri serta
memberikan sumbangan terhadap
keharmonian dan kemakmuran keluarga,
masyarakat dan negara.
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INTRODUCTION
THE RATIONALE OF MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
“Sekolah Unggul Penjana Generasi Terbilang” (“Ideal Schools
Generating an Illustrious Generation”) is the vision of the Malaysian Mathematics is the best platform to develop individual intellectual
Ministry of Education. The education purpose in Malaysia is to proficiency in making logical reasoning, space visualization, abstract
develop individual potential through quality education by preparing thinking skills and analyzing. Pupils develop numeracy skills,
committed citizens and a generation that has the ability to think. reasoning, thinking and problem solving ways of thinking through
Ministry Of Education continuously reviews the curriculum to ensure learning and application of mathematics.
that the implementation of the curriculum in schools equips pupils
with knowledge, skills and values to face current and future Mathematics provides opportunities for students to perform creative
challenges. tasks and experience the fun and excitement of learning something
new. Such experiences increase interest and are the driving forces
Mathematics is a discipline that trains the mind to think logically and for students to learn mathematics outside the classroom and at the
systematically in problem solving and decision making. Inherently, higher level of education.
mathematical nature promotes meaningful learning and challenge the
mind. Due to this, mathematics is one of the most important
disciplines in any endeavor for human development. Based on the AIMS
National Philosophy of Education and to ensure the relevancy of the
curriculum, the Primary School Standard Curriculum for Mathematics The Aim of the Primary School Standard Curriculum for Mathematics
is adapted and restructured. This restructuring takes into account the is to develop pupils’ understanding on the concept of numbers, basic
ongoing continuity to the next level. Measures taken are consistent calculation skills, understanding simple mathematical ideas and are
with the need to provide the knowledge and mathematical skills to competent in applying mathematical knowledge and skills effectively
pupils from various backgrounds and abilities. With the knowledge and responsibly in everyday life.
and skills, they are able to explore the knowledge, make adaptations,
modifications and innovations in managing changes and dealing with
future challenges.
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FOCUS .
Mathematical teaching and learning process gives priority to mastering knowledge and understanding to enable pupils to apply concepts,
principles and the mathematical processes they have learned. Emphasis on the development of mathematical thinking is built and
developed through the teaching and learning in the classroom based on the following principles, which are, problem solving,
communication, reasoning, making connections, making representations and the application of technology in mathematics. .
NATIONAL CURRICULUM’S
FRAMEWORK
The Standard curriculum is based on six pillars, namely
Communication; Spiritual, Attitudes and Values;
Humanity; Physical Development and Aesthetic; .
Personal Experience; and Science and
Technology. The six pillars are the main domain that
supports each other and are integrated with critical
thinking, creative and innovative thinking. This
integration aims to develop balanced, knowledgeable
and competent human capital as shown in the adjacent
figure.
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PRIMARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS EDUCATION Communicate using mathematical ideas clearly and use correct
STRUCTURE symbols and terminologies.
Use mathematical knowledge and skills to be applied and
Each pupil in Malaysia has the opportunity to go through at adapted to various strategies to solve problems.
least six years of basic education in schools. This Think, reason, and explore mathematically in daily life.
includes three years of Level I studies and three years of Level II Use various representations to deliver mathematical ideas and
studies. Subsequently, pupils can pursue education at a associations.
higher level of education. Appreciate and internalise the beauty of mathematics.
Use various mathematical instruments effectively including ICT to
build conceptual understanding and apply mathematical
LEVEL AIMS knowledge.
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MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM DESIGN CONTENT ORGANISATION
Numbers and Operations
Measurement and Geometry The Mathematics Curriculum encompasses four learning areas:
Relationship and Algebra Numbers and Operations
Statistics and Probability Measurement and Geometry
Relationship and Algebra
Statistics and Probability
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Pupils should develop and explore mathematical ideas in depth • Using correct standard mathematical language and applying
through various learning opportunities and experiences. Awareness logical reasoning.
should be fostered and developed among pupils that mathematical • Stating mathematical ideas concisely.
ideas are intertwined, and mathematics is comprehensive; not
• Creating, testing, and proving conjecture.
isolated bits of knowledge. With such awareness and understanding,
comprehending of mathematical ideas become more meaningful, and • Extracting meaning from a mathematical writing.
thus can enhance the capability of pupils to apply mathematics. • Using mathematics to explain physical world.
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Research Skills PROCESS
Research skills refer to the following abilities:
• Refering to notes, textbooks and other sources. Communicating
• Accessing books in the library. Communication about mathematical ideas can help pupils clarify and
• Using database. strengthen the understanding of mathematics. By sharing the
• Gaining information from various individuals. understanding of mathematics in writing and orally with classmates,
• Thinking. teachers and parents, pupils will be able to increase their confidence
and facilitate their teachers in monitoring the progress of their
Communication Skills mathematics skills.
Communication skills referring to the following abilities: Communication plays a vital role in ensuring the meaningful learning
• Listening effectively. of mathematics. Through communication, mathematical ideas can be
• Writing mathematical ideas clearly and precisely. expressed and understood better. Mathematical communication,
whether oral, written, in symbols and visual representations (using
• Writing essays and reports.
charts, graphs, diagrams etc), can help pupils understand and apply
• Doing presentations. mathematics more effectively.
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manipulatives, calculators, computers and others. Pupils should be and justify all mathematic activities. In addition, teachers need to
able to use the various different media to explain mathematical ideas provide space and opportunities for the discussion of mathematics
and solve mathematical problems. which is not only engaging but also allows each pupil to be involved
well.
Effective communication requires a sensitive environment towards
the pupils’ needs to feel comfortable in a conversation, ask questions, Reasoning can be done inductively through mathematical activities
answer questions and explain the statements to classmates and that involve the identification of mathematical patterns and making
teachers. Pupils should be given the opportunity to communicate conclusions based on the patterns.
actively in various situations, for example communicating during
activities in pairs, groups or providing explanations to the entire class. Reasoning element in teaching and learning prevents pupils from
assuming mathematics as only one set of procedures or algorithms
Assessment of the ability of pupils to communicate in mathematics that need to be followed to obtain a solution, without actually
effectively should show evidence that they are able to generate, understanding the true concepts of mathematics. Reasoning does not
explain and share their mathematical ideas through various forms of only change the paradigm of pupils from just learning to thinking, but
communication in various environments. Pupils, who are always also gives an intellectual empowerment when pupils are guided and
given opportunities and encouragement to speak, read, write and trained to make a conjecture, prove the conjecture, provide a logical
listen during the teaching and learning of mathematics will be able to explanation, analyse, evaluate and justifiy all mathematic activities.
communicate to learn mathematics and learn to communicate This training will produce pupils who are self-confident and resilient in
mathematically. line with the aspiration to mould mathematics thinkers with high
capabilities.
Reasoning
Relating
Reasoning is fundamental in understanding mathematics more
effectively and making the delineation of mathematics more In implementing the mathematics curriculum, the opportunities for
meaningful. The development of mathematical reasoning is closely making connections need to be established so that pupils can link
related to intellectual development and communication of the pupils. conceptual and procedural knowledge and also able to relate topics
Reasoning has the ability to expand not only the capacity of logical in mathematics particularly and mathematics in other areas in
thinking but also increase the capacity of critical thinking, which is general. This will enhance the pupils’ understanding of
also the basis for a deeper and meaningful and in-depth mathematics and makes mathematics clearer, more meaningful and
understanding of mathematics. To achieve this objective, pupils interesting to them.
should be trained and guided to make a conjecture, prove the
conjecture, give a logical explanation, analyse, consider, evaluate,
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Mathematics curriculum generally consists of several discrete areas The various uses of general strategies in problem solving including
such as calculation, geometry, algebra, measurement and problem steps in solving need to be expanded more in the use of this subject.
solving. Without relating these areas, pupils will have to learn and In carrying out learning activities to build problem solving skills,
remember too many concepts and skills separately. Instead, problems based on human activities should be introdued. Through
recognizing how the concepts or skills in different fields relate to each these activities, pupils can use mathematics when facing new
other, mathematics will be seen and studied as a disciplined and situations and reinforce themselves in dealing with various challenges
comprehensive knowledge and can be easily understood. every day. Some of the problems solving strategies that can be
considered are:
When these mathematical ideas are related with everyday experience
inside and outside the school, pupils will be more aware of the use, 1. Try an easier problem;
importance, strength and beauty of mathematics. In addition, pupils 2. Try and error;
have the opportunity to use mathematics contextually in 3. Draw a diagram;
other fields and in their daily lives. Mathematical models are used to
4. Identifying patterns
describe real life situations mathematically. Pupils will find this
method can be used to find solutions to problems or to predict the 5. Create a table, chart or a systematic list;
likelihood of a situation based on the mathematical model. 6. Simulation;
7. Using analogy;
8. Work backwards;
Problem Solving 9. Logically reasoning; and
10. Using algebra
Problem solving is the main focus in the teaching and learning of
mathematics. Thus, teaching and learning need to involve problem
solving skills comprehensively and across the whole curriculum. The
Representing
development of problem solving skills needs to be given due
emphasis so that pupils are able to solve various problems Mathematics is often used to represent the world that we live in.
effectively. These skills involve the following steps: Therefore, there must be similarities between aspects of the
Understanding and interpreting problems; represented world and aspects that are represented by the world.
Planning the strategy; The abstract relationship between these two worlds can be depicted
Carrying out the strategy; and as follows:
Checking the solutions.
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Representation is necessary for pupils’ understanding in
mathematical conceptual relationship. It allows pupils to communicate
approaches, debates and understanding of mathematics to
themselves and others. It also allows pupils to recognize the
relationships between related concepts and apply mathematics to
realistic problems.
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In mathematics, attitudes and values need to be mould through CONTENT STANDARD AND LEARNING STANDARD
appropriate context. Attitudes in mathematics refer to the affective
aspects of mathematical learning that covers, among others: Primary School Mathematics Standard Curriculum is formulated with
• positive response towards mathematics and the usefulness emphasis on Content Standards and Learning Standards should
of mathematics be known and can be done by pupils. This standard is presented
• Interest and joy in learning mathematics. in modular form divided into topics based on areas of learning.
• Appreciation of the beauty and mathematical ability.
• Confidence in using and applying mathematics. Content Standard
• Steadfast and perseverance in solving problems related to
General statements of the cognitive domain (knowledge) and
mathematics.
affective (attitudes and values) can be achieved by pupils through a
subtopic.
Personal values refer to the values that are related with the formation
of individual traits and personality such as honesty, systematic,
Learning Standard
perserverence, hardworking and steadfast, creative, confidence,
conscientious, good time managers, independent, trustworthy, Specific statement of what pupils should know and do in terms of
efficient, responsible, patience and dedication. knowledge or concepts and the ability in order to show their
proficiency in measureable knowledge acquisition, skills and values.
Interaction values are related with the instillation of good behavior in
the classroom context. The value refers to theemphasized values in Learning Standard does not show the steps of teaching and
the interaction during mathematical activities such as appreciation learning. It gives teachers space and opportunity to prepare a
for mathematics, teamwork, discussion and sharing of ideas, condusive learning environment creatively. Thus, pupils are able to
tolerance, fair, open minded, and respect. form concepts and develop skills, attitudes and values in
mathematics.
Procedural values associated with specific activities in mathematics
such as reasoning, making representations, solving problems,
communication, making connection, and using technology. STRATEGIES IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
Intrinsic values associated with the formation of mathematical Mathematical thoughtful learning is transferred into teaching and
content and its discipline such as the epistemology, cultural learning practices. Teaching and learning is guided by the principle of
and historical values. mastery learning and the learning occurs in access and self-
directed and in accordance with its own pace.
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Teaching and learning strategies should be pupil-centred to enable HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS)
them to interact and master the learning skills through their own
experience. Pupils-centered inquiry or discovery approach with the
The National Curriculum aims to produce pupils who are well
aid of appropriate technology is comprehensively and
balance, resilient, curious, principled, informed and patriotism with
effectively used to make the experience of learning
thinking skills, communication skills and teamwork. 21st century skills
mathematics fun, meaningful, useful and challenging.
in line with the six aspirations required by each pupils to be able to
compete at a global level outlined in the National Education Blueprint
Teaching and learning of primary school mathematics encourage the
that every pupils will have leadership skills, bilingual proficiency,
use of diverse methods. Teachers can choose appropriate teaching
ethics and spiritual, social identity, knowledge and thinking skills.
and learning approach and methods depending on pupils’
abilities. The effectiveness of teaching and learning depends on the
Thinking skills were emphasized in the curriculum since 1994 to
processing techniques and the use of teaching aids and technology
introduce Critical and Creative Thinking Skills (CCTS). This thinking
that can stimulate and encourage pupils to think critically
skills focuses from lower level to higher level of thinking. Beginning in
and creatively, innovative, communicate, and interact.
2011 the Standard Curriculum for Primary School (KSSR) has
emphasis on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).
The inculcation of attitudes and values should be considered when
planning the teaching and learning of a distinctive skill. Moral values
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is the ability to apply knowledge,
could be instilled appropriately according to the well planned lesson.
skills and value in creating reasoning and reflection to solve
problems, make decisions, innovate and create something. HOTS is
Elements of history, patriotism, environmental and science can be
referring to applying skills, analyze, evaluate and create as the
applied accordingly to the appropriate topics to allow pupils to
following table.
appreciate mathematics and encourage their interest on a particular
topic. Elements of this history can be a specific event about a
mathematician or a brief history of a concept or symbol.
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before. Routine problem solving emphasize the use of a set of
HOTS Description prosedures known or determine to solve the problem.
Application Using knowledge, skills and values in different The non-routine problem requires analysis and mathematical
situations to complete a piece of work. reasoning; many non-routine problem can be solve by more than one
Analysis Ability to break down information into smaller solution.
parts in order to understand and make
connections between these parts. The balance of mathematical problem solving should be implemented
for both type of questions to ensure that every pupils can complete
Evaluation Ability to consider, make decisions using well and effectively.
knowledge, experience, skills, and values and
justify decisions made. Routine and non-routine problems can be explained as follows:
Creation Produce an idea or product using creative and
innovative methods. ROUTINE QUESTION NON-ROUTINE QUESTION
Proficiency is written explicitly in the curriculum of each subject. • Does not require • Requires higher order thinking skills
students to use • Improves reasoning skills
HOTS can be applied in the classroom through activities in the form higher order • Responses and procedures to be used are
of reasoning, inquiry learning, problem solving and projects. Teachers not immediately obvious
thinking skills.
and pupils have to use their thinking tools such as thinking maps, • Encourages more than one solution and
mind maps and Thingking Hats and high level of questioning inside • Operation that
strategy
should be used is
and outside of the classroom to encourage pupils to think. • There is more than one answer
clear
• More challenges
Higher order questions promote learning because it requires pupils to • Capable of producing pupils who are
apply, analyze, synthesize and evaluate information not merely creative and innovative
memorizing facts. • Solution requires more than just making
decisions and choosing mathematical
There are two kinds of questions in mathematics that is the routine operations
and the non-routine questions. • Need more time to resolve
• Encourage group discussion in finding
Routine questions are problems that can be solve with methods that solution
are commonly used by pupils by replicating the steps that are learned
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21st CENTURY SKILLS; Values: Is the guideline for students to become individuals that have
noble characters and are capable of making decisions and actions
A student must be equipped with skills, knowledge and values that
like carrying out responsibilities to family, society and country
need to be mastered to survive in life and career of the 21st century.
encompass:
The Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) has identified the skills Spirituality
and values that each student needs to have to face the 21st century. Humanity
Skills and values are split into 3 aspects: Patriotism
Integrity
Thinking skills: Prepares pupils to face life that is becoming more Responsibility
challenging as well as the current working environment. The skills Oneness
are:
Creativity
STUDENT PROFILE
Critical thinking
Reasoning The critical factor that contributes to social growth, culture and
Innovative economy of a country is the development of model individuals that
Problem solving are innovative and highly skilled. With that, each student that is
Making decisions produced must be balanced physically, emotionally, spiritually and
intellectually as is stated in the National Education Philosophy.
Career and Life Skills: Needs more than thinking skills and
knowledge. Students develop life and career skills to face life that is MOE has outlined 10 Student Profiles that each student needs to
complex and working environment in a world that is becoming more have to compete at a global stage. Student Profiles are
challenging. These are: characteristics that each student has:
Communication Skills
Information and Communication Technology Balanced: They are balanced physically, emotionally, spiritually and
Cooperation intellectually to achieve personal satisfaction, as well as show
Entrepreneurship empathy, compassion, and respect for others. Able to contribute
Leadership towards the harmony of family, community and country.
Lifelong learning
Flexibility Thinker: They think critically, creatively and innovatively; able to
Ability to Adapt handle complex problems and make ethical decisions. They think
Initiative and Self-direction about learning and themselves as students. They come up with
questions and are open to perspective, values and individual
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traditions and societal traditions. They are confident and creative in Attentive: They are committed to the country and ensure the
handling new learning fields. sustainability of nature.
Resistant: They are able to face and overcome difficulties, Patriotism: They portray love, support and respect towards the
challenges with wisdom, confidence, tolerance and empathy. country.
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ASSESSMENT SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT
Assessment is an integral part of the teaching and learning process. School Based Assessment (SBA) is a major component of the
It has to be well-planned and carried out continuously as part of learning process (T&L) that it served to enhance student
classroom activities. By focusing on a broad range of mathematical learning,improve teaching and be able to give valid information about
activities, the strengths and weaknesses of pupils can be assessed. what has been done or archieved in aprocess of (T&L) .SBA carried
Different methods of assessment can be conducted using various out by the teacher and the school completely starting from the
assessment techniques including oral and written work as well as planning, construction items and instruments.
demonstrations. These may be carried out in the form of interviews,
open-ended questions, observations and research. Based on the SBA carried out by the teacher and the school completely starting
results, teachers can rectify the pupils’ misconception and from the planning, construction items and assessment
weaknesses and at the same time improve their teaching skills. As instruments,administration,inspection or scoring,recording and
such, teachers can take subsequent effective measures in conducting reporting.
remedial and enrichment activities to upgrade pupils’ performance.
SBA is important to determine the effectiveness of teachers and
schools in an effort to produce a balanced and harmonious
human.SBA is an ongoing activity that charge high commitment and
clear direction from the teacher and the school for each student to
develop potential to its maximum.
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SBA can be carried out:- PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Formative assessment carried out in line with (T&L)process.
Sumative assessment conducted at the end of the laerning Performance standard is a statement of the level of development of
unit,semester or year. pupil’s learning as measured based on the standard and indicates the
position of the pupil in the development or progression of learning.
STANDARD ASSESSMENT REFERENCE Developments in the standard is divided into two, that is, horizontal
development (construct) and vertical development (performance
Standard Assessment Reference was introduced, namely the level). The performance of pupil is indicated by one or more qualifiers
Standard Performance to see the progress and growth of learning using the words or phrases that correctly describe the standards in
and pupil’s achievement. It is the process of obtaning information the form of the learning outcomes.
about the extent of student’s knowing,understanding and can do or
mastered what is learned based on the performance standards PERFORMANCE STANDARD FRAMEWORK
established in accordance with the stages in achievement in standard
based curriculum and assessment document. PERFORMANCE
DESCRIPTOR
LEVEL
Standard Assessment Reference does not compare the performance 1 Know
of a student by another student but reports student’s performance in
2 Know and understand
learning and to highlight the progress and growth of students in
3 Know,understand and able to do.
learning refers to the standard statement.
Know,understand and able to do with good
4
manner.
Students are assessed fairly and equitably as individuals in society Know,understand and able to do with admirable
5
based on ability, capability, talent, skills and potential without manner.
comparison to others.The school was able to obtain a complete Know,understand and able to do with exemplery
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response in the form of qualitative and quantitative data that covers manner.
all aspects of a person’s pupils to enable those responsible to
identify, understand,appreciate, recognize and honour the students Performance level is a label used to indicate benchmarks which are
as individuals who are useful,important and has the potential to arranged in a hierarchy used for individual report purposes.
contribute to national development and nation according to their
respective capabilities and abilities. Standard is a statement about a domain which refers to specific
benchmarks and is generic in nature to provide a holistic picture of
the individual .
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THE GENERAL DESCRIPTOR OF PERFORMANCE LEVEL INTERPRETATION OF PERFORMANCE FOR
MATHEMATICS
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Note:
There are 12 titles in year six. Each title has designed its own level of 2. MATHEMATICAL SKILLS AND PROCESS
interpretation.The instructions below designed as example guide for
each title of group knowledge. a. Problem Solving
INDICATOR: Performance
Learning Area DESCRIPTOR
Learning Year Level
Topic Performance Standard
Able to state the steps of problem solving
1
without performing the process.
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b. Reasoning c. Relationship
Performance Performance
DESCRIPTOR DESCRIPTOR
Level Level
Able to give justification for mathematics activity Able to relate skills learnt in other topics and
1 1
logically and with guidance. daily life with guidance.
Able to give justification for mathematics activity Able to relate skills learnt in other topics and
2 2
logically without guidance. daily life without guidance.
Able to show the correct justification for Able to relate concept and procedure to solve
3 3
mathematics activity involving one calculation. mathematical sentence.
Able to show the correct justification for Able to relate concept and procedure to solve
4
4 mathematics activity involving more than one daily routine problems.
calculation.
Able to relate concept and procedure to solve
5
Able to show the correct justification for daily routine problems using various strategies.
5 mathematics activity involving routine problem
solving. Able to relate concept and procedure to solve
6 daily non routine problems creatively and
Able to explain the correct justification for innovatively.
6 mathematics activity involving non routine
problem solving creatively and innovatively.
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d. Representation e. Communication
Performance Performance
DESCRIPTOR DESCRIPTOR
Level Level
1 Able to use representation with guidance. Able to state mathematical idea verbally or in
1 written using mathematical symbol or visual
Able to use representation to show representation.
2
mathematical understanding without guidance.
Able to explain mathematical idea verbally or in
2 written using mathematical symbol or visual
Able to explain mathematical concept and
3 representation.
prosedures using representation.
Able to use correct mathematical language,
3
Use representation to solve daily routine symbol or visual representation.
4
problems.
Able to explain mathematical idea systematically
4 using correct mathematical language, symbol or
Use various representation to solve daily routine
5 visual representation.
problems in various strategy.
Able to explain mathematical idea systematically
Use representation to solve daily non routine 5 using correct mathematical language, symbol or
6
problems creatively and innovatively. visual representation to solve routine problems.
Able to explain mathematical idea systematically
using correct mathematical language, symbol or
6
visual representation to solve non routine
problems creatively and innovatively.
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f. Thinking Skills g. Soft skills
Performance Performance
DESCRIPTOR DESCRIPTOR
Level
Level
Able to state mathematical knowledge and
1 1 Show interest and want to learn
skills.
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3. Attitude and Value in Mathematics
h. Skills in using technologies Attitude and Values
Performance Performance
DESCRIPTOR DESCRIPTOR
Level Level
1 Know and can state mathematical tools. Pupils able to state one of the items of attitude and
1
values in Mathematics with teacher’s guidance.
Ability to use and handle basic mathematical Pupils able to explain one of the items of attitude and
2
tools. 2 values in Mathematics by giving reasonable
example.
Ability to use and handle basic mathematical
3 tools, establish and understand mathematical Pupils able to show attitude and values in
concepts and explore mathematical ideas. 3 Mathematics for a given situation with teacher’s
guidance.
Able to use mathematical tools to solve daily Pupils able to demonstrate attitude and values
4 4
routine problems. related to mathematics in various situation.
Pupils always practice attitude and values related to
Able to use mathematical tools to solve routine 5
5 mathematics in teaching and learning process.
problems using variety of strategies. Pupils always practice attitude and values related to
6 mathematics in daily life and become adviser and
Able to use mathematical tools to solve non- example to other peers.
6
routine problems creatively and innovatively.
Every mathematic teacher should implement a (T&L) process with
reference to the content standard and standard learning content.
Teachers’ wisdom is needed to determine (T&L) process
implemented effectively and appropriately. In a similar situation,
teachers should access students’ ability to determine the level and
ability by a list of performance standards which have been prepared
in accordance with topics of learning. Teachers should provide
opportunities for every pupil to be able to achieve a better ability to
carry out the guidance and strengthening process.
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NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
1. WHOLE NUMBERS UP TO 100 000 Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
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NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
Year 4
2. ADDITION UP TO 100 000
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
2.1 Addition of any (i) Add any two, three and four
two up to four numbers up to five digits with the 1 Identify unknown and write number sentences.
numbers. total up to 100 000 including making
estimation.
Add any two up to four numbers up to five digits without
2
regrouping.
2.2 Problem solving. (i) Solve daily problems involving
addition up to three numbers. Add any two up to four numbers up to five digits with
3
regrouping.
2.3 Usage of (i) Identify an unknown involving Solve daily routine problems involving addition up to three
unknown in addition of two numbers. 4
numbers.
addition. (ii) Form number sentences involving
addition of two numbers.
Solve daily routine problems involving addition using
5
various strategies.
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NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
3. SUBTRACTION UP TO 100 000 Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
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NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS Year 4
4. MULTIPLICATION UP TO 100 000
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
4.1 Multiplication of (i) Multiply any numbers up to four Multiply any numbers up to four digits with one-digit number
two numbers. digits by one-digit number, and the 1
without regrouping.
product up to 100 000.
(ii) Multiply any numbers up to three
digits by two-digit number, and the Multiply any numbers up to four digits with one-digit number
2
product up to 100 000. with regrouping.
(iii) Multiply any numbers with 100 and
1000, and the product up to Multiply any numbers up to three digits with two-digit
3
100 000. number, 100 and 1000.
(iv) Multiply any numbers with numbers
up to two-digit, 100 and 1000, and
Solve daily routine problems involving multiplication of two
the product up to 100 000 including 4
numbers.
making estimations.
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NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS Year 4
5. DIVISION UP TO 100 000
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
5.1 Division of two (i) Divide any number up to 100 000 by Divide any numbers up to 100 000 with one-digit number
1
numbers. one-digit number, two-digit number, without remainder.
100, and 1000.
Divide any numbers up to 100 000 with one-digit number with
2
remainder.
5.2 Problem solving. (i) Solve daily problems involving
division of two numbers. Divide any numbers up to 100 000 with two-digit number,
3
100 and 1000.
29
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
6. MIXED OPERATIONS Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
Do mixed operations involving addition and subtraction
6.1 Addition and (i) Add and subtract any numbers
without regrouping, multiplication and division of any
subtraction. within 100 000. 1
numbers by one-digit number without remainder within 100
000.
6.2 Multiplication (i) Multiply and divide any number by
and division. one-digit number and two digit Do mixed operations involving addition and subtraction with
number within 100 000. 2 regrouping, multiplication and division of any numbers with
one-digit number with remainder within 100 000.
6.3 Problem solving. (i) Solve daily problems involving Do mixed operations involving addition and subtraction
addition and subtraction. without and with regrouping, and division of any numbers
3
(ii) Solve daily problems involving with numbers up to two-digit without and with remainders
multiplication and division. within 100 000.
30
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
Year 4
7. FRACTIONS
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
31
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
8. DECIMALS Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
32
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
8. DECIMALS Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
33
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
9. PERCENTAGE Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
9.1 Value of (i) Convert decimals up to two decimal State the decimals and percentage based on concrete materials
1 and diagrams.
percentage. places to percentage and vice-versa.
.
2 Convert percentage to decimals.
34
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
10. MONEY UP TO RM100 000 Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
10.3 Subtraction of (i) Subtract up to two values of money a) Do addition of money up to three values with the sum up
money. from one value of money up to to RM 100 000,
RM100 000. b) Do subtraction up to two values from one value of
money up to RM 100 000,
10.4 Addition and (i) Add and subtract values of money 3 c) Do multiplication and division of money by numbers up to
subtraction of up to RM100 000. two digits, 100 and 1000,
money. d) Do mixed operations involving addition and subtraction
up to RM100 000.
10.5 Multiplication of (i) Multiply values of money by
money. numbers up to two-digit, 100 and Solve daily routine problems involving addition, subtraction,
1000 up to RM100 000. 4
multiplication and divison of money.
35
NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
10. MONEY UP TO RM100 000 Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
36
MESUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
11. TIME Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
37
MESUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
11. TIME Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
38
MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
12. LENGTH Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
39
MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
12. LENGTH Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
40
MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
13. MASS Year 4
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD
LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
41
MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
14. VOLUME OF LIQUID Year 4
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD
LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
42
MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY
15. SPACE Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
43
RELATIONSHIP AND ALGEBRA
16. COORDINATES Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
44
RELATIONSHIP AND ALGEBRA
17. RATIO AND PROPORTION Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
45
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
18. DATA HANDLING Year 4
CONTENT PERFORMANCE STANDARD
LEARNING STANDARD
STANDARD LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
46
Terbitan:
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN MALAYSIA