-- rl g

e\r-Q " "O

s = ia.ol
Physics4C
Spring2012

Celebrution#2: Optics
Short Answer Questions(6 points each)
1) An initially unpolarizedbeamof light is sentthrougha stackof four polarizing sheets,oriented
so that the anglebetweenthe polarizationdirectionsof adjacentsheetsis 0. What is 0 ifthe
intensityof light transmittedthroughall four polarizing sheetsis I = 0.340Io?
-r
'l t/ l J+ o
J t=
Jr= (o.sqoJ,) = ,/^I,,r-at'6
I/^7" tac"o
J^=
tabe = D.tn j-
Jo='/>r""orqo /wo = (o,ag),/o

Ir= lrL'^'o 6zue = O.q3g ) 9 = |o.3"

2) A penguinbrillia:rtly disguisedasa tumip sits beforea thin converginglens,outsidethe focal
pbint of the lens.The lensis filled with a transparentgel so that it is flexible; by squeezingits
endstowardthe center(asindicatedin figure a beiow), you canincreasethe curvatureof its front
andrear sides.(a) Whenyou squeezet}relens,doesthe imageof the tumip movetowardor away
from the lens?(b) Doesthe lateralheight ofthe imageincreaseor decrease? (c) Supposethat you
mustkeepthe imageon a cardat a certaindistancebehindthe lens(seefigure b below) while
you movethe turnip awayfrom the lens.Must you increaseor decreaseyour squeezeon the lens
durins the move.

{Sgueeze /s=6-')(+-+,)
=) aa ,.2.eu-a.6+e*go'1/" Stta;
I rl + ra X)' a*^Ma *" 5
I
\a) +&*"^d&cl

--+ '/+-
iq) /i = /r .a f ,,l-a^*ru1, i g.&.n**"L0a

(b) --A n =
';/f
o.a [ ]o*rt,-a-et, rn d-a,cne.o-'oa
.i_-..i--
A" p ?.)to}"g€r., f ,*"J 1A);zs-
(. )
/------
J,.t,rc,.r^oo
,1; = /ri h :*a t c-oru)"^.'t
3) A Young's two-slit experimentproducesan interferencepattemon a distantscreen.Then,a
transparentqaterial of thicknessL andindex of refractionnr is placedover the top slit and
a transparentmaterialof thicknessL andindex ofrefraction n2is placedover the bottom slit. If
the interferencepattemshifts downward,is n1greaterthan,lessthan,or equalto n2?Explain
your reasoning-

0, ( D*
qu^tr.[^€N= ?s.= LVy
*\
-/ A aJrlfi-,0\ri^x lr =f\ +q)ov

m-o n=o /xr4A*Wt l^4\r*rilh-^,"1

' 6l,,+$0,\!".-
e*'l^sr1 :t- ,. r n
fttd,i.9J'n0 A,o /rra .11,r,]qT /ru 0a > O,
Srt u:ar:rn^eetaL AL=o

4) Ar EM wavewith a wavelengthof 450.0nm in water (n = 1.33)passesinto glasswith an

index of refractionof n - 1.50.What is the wavelengthandfrequencyof the EM wavein the
glass?
,-) A ^\ nF-c,urrtrl

\=.,X.. (l'3a)(a5en..)= s11nr"

trn=M-
9I = c/. = 3.o*1p3'7, F.ol,(lo', Hz --> fue - f-^ nJtc,u,lr/r\ o1 w)
lA
611x ldlr o\i.-H .\r.4^9La.qY

An= A/n = 599no

l'5o
,
l\;5,!
5) The figure below showsraysof monochromaticlight passingthroughmaterials4 b, and c.
-- ff* 4t\O\
fl , -l,rr.rO,

4 n* 7 fl' Oa < 6' ,!.'2f*Jra^Ja-b'r"&z"r'*4

4 n" < or , Or> 6, gird )r*Jt r *g{".n""a."*1

-->+..a'1m
+^?r^':
Du(flo I 0.rooj o^)e. -a-
(a) In which material!s lhe speedof light the greatest?
\-)", > 0c > It)b -ao

(b) In which materialis the speedof light the least? c/v

Vo ( Vc ( Vr, &v\^t l>
rcnabui, q
 Problems (10 points each)

Problem 1
A 10.0cm tall objectplaced20.0 cm from a sphericalmirror producesan inverted imagethat is
3.00 cm high. How far shouldthe objectbe movedto producean upright imagethat is 25.0 cm
hish?

[ = ]o.6 c.o l*l--h/n= ffi = D.3o

= )o.ocr"r
7 m = lo.zo
f,,/= 3.ooe^
I i"-e Nr"",q;* r-*lal ) fn < o

fn = - D.3o ='tL -----> i = o.3oc

_::=- --=:=:-

t/
/i*
lt
/p= /+
lt __ |
olol
t_J__ yt = ',/S
p O.4? o.7oP

=
---->r'aof- o.3og---+
*f, /+ f=ffir
l= (ffi)(eo.o. ) ----) l= 4,t-.,

h.=to'o,"'" = 3..S
lrnl= l'/tr= s;fl
f r z= \ S . D c n
tl,r"o.. m= !x-5 --
f = ,ai*^';i -"y"\rr h)o

Y=? p--% -) ,:,

/t-ly='/+ ' --- -x.51
^:-*=/"---+
P I JE-/. 'r
a.rf
1..sp = /.51 ---+ = l.:-f = l-5(et.6".)
f , n= = 1rL
Y - 1.tt"
a.S ,a.5
\ E P ".
,t D&1tJ At^rd B.*-'^eA Ao,o.rr - A.?6-D = | 7,3...
 Problem 2
Whenwhite light in air is incidentnormally on a soapfikn (n: 1.33)in air, the reflectedrays
interfereconstructivelyfor L1: 500.0nm and 1,2= 796.6o- but for no othervisible
wavelengths.(a) What is the thicknessof the fikn? @) If the fikn thicknesswere doubled,
would the 500.0nm refleotedrays interfereconstructively,destructively,or neither?Justifyyour
answer.

D,=l-s
n t \--? /n6 pAr"-444t
0r=1.33 . \- \-^
f.z'vrffi,r+rllu')oyrryIh^t i

n a= ,'1o (nn+v>)\
L= m:o)r)r)..,
}-r)r

Xr = 5oo.* --) 7: : (rn+[) (Sooo-) = (r'r"'Zr; (tff"-) rrr-o7)y),..-

Xi.r"+e)
m:o fn--l m-\ r.t.g ft!.t
9 { orr, }.8} nn"r4
, ? o n r . r ,{ " 5 g n r n , 7 F i n r . , ,. , .
:-

4,1 = Tooorq ---- f = (rq*rA)('loo.,-) = (.,r+'/r) (ruao*) m >or))?, , .-

a(r.:>)

7:"'q
EllO n=l r.,. \ r.t = 3
L = l Z t - s n r r , 3 ? 1 . 5 n , " , 6, 5 5 n m . ,Q l o n , . . ,
",.
-t'-"---'

q x = or l; t, , -" ,Jp-nht^+h";o

x = 3<jr x:7
Soo.r,"t

e\qfiuab'w Ait"$r^r"-,
 Problem 3
In the figure lelow, light initially in material I refractsinto material2, crossesthat material,and
is then incidentat the critical angleoa the interfacebetweenmaterials2 and 3. The indexesof
reftactionaren1: 1.60,nz: 1.40,andn3: 1.20.(a) Whatis angle0? (b) IfO is increased, is
thererefractionof light into material3?Justifuyour answer.

/c,,rt;r A " ^* $rfr"\ /t^E4;fa ?..* 3 :

,ri^A - ts,/^
/ ll gt
= t.)o = o,g5?
l.1D

O" = jinn-'(o.lsl)

c = 5?.o"

> *\r'\ }hl ^J^a{a-rr.lOa = ?D.o'- 59.D'= 3l.o'

=r-

Or' l . b o 0,a,,un€lr' ha rt,ga

gr= o-?
|\.
ll l' l..lo
I '=( +i ) .u.e. = (#)
-o.rm a,,,"r
3).o'
t2r - 3 l . o ' -aam9=D"L/5 ---->
I = J.4"8'

\ O",,. lr ^r,r"^ed) F\ Igio o, €la ,F.f "p^Xrd-*'& Er" )^b,&-

-0fir{t" .,.euUa a --J 3 ;^90 iA &4",-"rf, .

-A)vtutl O*ru ( O., irr>,re7q.Ij&-lrs/t4lre'f o1

g";rrr,,,ft ..offio? g
 Problem4
The figure below showsa plot of intensityI vs. angle0 for a double-slitinterferenceexperiment
with slits of width a: 2.60 x 10- m. The frst minimum in the diffraction pattemfrom either slit
occursat an angleof 0 : 12.0o.(a) What is the wavelengthof light usedin the experiment?
(b) What is the separationbetweenthe slits? (c) How manybright fringestotal aremissing from
the interferencepattern?(d) A 4.50 m wide screenis placed2.0 m from the two slits (and
centeredon the slits). How manybright fringestotal areon the screen?

e = A,Ao '. lD-br"r

-8*t 6(u^Lt' *l
qU+hr.4,htq ^'"/^'wi"u'm 9 = )a"o"

;q = { -bal4l***"+'* ^s^^'A

(o) \ -- a-t,r"r0
J'-'-e
o, -a,rrrlg* rct \ n
fcl (r)

\ = S.{ lx ldl^ 5!t I nrn

( U) ,A-l,i,ce fq = 4 -g,u{At -!^.liqS- ,ra 4r.rA&vr.€ : J/o=n

=:=:

d = Llq -----> J= I.Otl * | 0-J r.'

(c) -t/"d &J !o"{,J ^rt{'u*a*l * *- nIo^+r"r"p or^a,A,ir'a;

l,O 4 x lr;5 r.r
m(% -'--t Ta< m { lg.a.
5.{l * lo-?r"t

g .ffinl ",*
+r"-f" "t'rirlrrtg
(+) D=,t",.,-'
(+*) ., O - 4t."1'
?..trsn]

^Sri;-^^r'a o,,elet4@ pA4t r8 Bv

/4"U4.!/\
 P""bl"t 4 -.--'Jra-")
-z:

t(r)
da;o=r"r) ) m= d:rtr^e
X
\q = (t.o,t, tdt^)a;.e gt.'t" -+ m = lLI,Ll
.::::
5'{t'to-?,",

+ fq = l{ t* b":n,alv* o-.',14&r"rg lrta.}-e& n}}w.op'*n

tq --o
nn = I r ar3, 5, 6)2 )1) to, ll)13) lq p.,
".,Iq"_arln

JlI9^4 e,.r }3 W"y*" l*A *\ W -tor.t"a

t
 Problem5
The figure beJow(not drawnto scale)showsa thin converginglens(n = 1.50)for which the radii
of curvature11and12eachhavea magnitudeof 10.0cm. The lensis 20 cm in front ofa concave
sphericalminor with a focal lengthof 4.00 cm. An object is placed5.00 cm to the left of the
lens.(a) Find the location of the final imagerelative to the miror. (b) What is the magnification
ofthe final image?(c) Is the final imagereal or virtual, upright or inverted,andenlargedor
reduced?

+er -ar^^:
[ =(n-';(t-+;)
t/+= (r.B-,)(--t-._- _;;")

f = 1o.o"n)
::-=---
= lD.ocm
f ,

D , = 5-oo <-f')
I'
,l".,..agAb-^ty^i'"
+, =Yf,- /y,
t/i,' _)- J- - lO.Oc-
lO.b c'ro L r- m
5.oocr.1

? )6t A"-+ +'^\frtt;0*v,.0 r-o /o-Ec- } fq" -0-$ *9u lr^- pal*,Q .,.a
"d
!b"ocr. E)ru-t-&l .}}o.{rt^o?
"d i ^A^"$-, i1= 3a.oc.

f, = {.oo.- 'ft,-
/t^= \^= _L- z1-oo"..,
_.t '= O.a l1
".n-r
= 3o.o c."t 5o. o. c-'
fe
i"=? I
La= 4.t"?. crn aa ?,t"1c",LrL1"i"-$ A..r^^at
"&

(b) M = t\,*' = (-'/r,)(-')4,)

,./ \ 'ra/ = / ro'o" \7-1'r'r"^\
\ E;"'., ,_"; /\ )
l'1= -o.at
(.)
Ar,"',* it>o, -|-- M;4rr.j;;Il
-^,^,Y\.r f4(O) *,4/".41 in\$40,lA
U

Jo./v{vu lM | 1t ,,x*-l,,txnzW ,,td

 Problem6
Thereare35Q0rulings (slits) per centimeterin a diffraction gratingthat is usedwith light whose
wavelengthis 400.0nm. A flat obsewationscreenis locatedat a distanceof 0.750m from the
grating.(a) What is the minimum width that the screenmusthaveso that all of the maximafrom
the diffraction gratingfall .onthe screen?(b) If only 11 of the maximame seenbecausesomeof
the maximaarecoincidentwith minima of the single-slitdiffraction envelope,what is the
(maximum)slit width a of eachruline?

N = 3soo ? J=-,/*,
* l.b,.lo-rr.\ =
= -=- l,.glo*ld6*
) /t\
r-cr-- l.occ"' = ['6x1$?sr ) 35oo

+ "Fjtl-"a A-n,Ato '"df,d.ot&4 m : *ryd < a

4;f"
mt%--* r-\: A,tb*l,db"'
fD < ?, Irl fn =? ro
4 o o , ox 1 6 1 6

) n*+ pl "'."4* *,r t -n.

,.L\"1D=hX ---) -A,,vnI = C?X4oo.o"16;1^) *- o- g'79

()..25*te'")

g _ ?0.5.
------

) +"*f!g go+ y 4-..n =7 *^nya* 6=?s-I"d,J -lr,./r)4";t

't/= D)*"""9 = (o.?EoD)i"nf3.)o=2!2.s)

A^J^nrir{!^Ml/J,t^ri\ url\}ft = ?. }O,.,

( b) )ll9\"c^r* ftr.La-[r!"3 ..fi\,ovhlr^6t j ]r" / r"".al .AA I 5 4hr,/,i/,nA g,..r"-Jtt

( rrr=o o,"*l \ =)rf,r...r"7 r"a-s;UnAr;tr)

=) i n-^dr^" "^"^'trl^rng ,W.r.{lat.?>t |o=3 * m=t At^U

4 "\ztfrr4

J/o=t .--> q= a/z- a.tbx lo*6fr q = q-53^ld7n"r

?

*gi '" Ee^,,ro[ ^^,"" A]A dr-

/q.
- 1.5)o.'75 \.. .
"rtAo
 Problem 7
Two isotropiqpoint sourcesoflight (Sr andSz)areseparated by a distanceof 3.35x 10-6m
alongthe y axis as shownin the figure below. The sourcesarein phaseandcanemit visible light
(400- 700 nm) of any wavelength.(a) Which wavelengthsofvisible light would undergo
constructiveinterference
at pointP, a distanceof 3.00x I 0-om from sourceSI alongthex axis.
(b) Which wavelengthswould undergodestructiveinterferenceat any point alongthe y axis?
\ y>o
'#-
r
cl 3.35 * ld"r"r
El
ln 3.oo. 1o-o.."1
Y
tr+Y

c-= { f,tor)t
-::
4.5o" lo
o c.,,

("') ai- po+",tP : AL= c.=-f, = !.5o*ldbr., - 3.oo" lO t t

LL = /-5o' ldk"l -- /5oo nm

-A,vr.'q JJ.o\/-aaJa o{^{ l.l.\ Mr a.q : r-zn,ffilu/.h;p ^S"gai,t"t'o A L = m ) f n - - O )) ) ? ) . , -

x- AL
6
^--;.X = / 5oDi'm
fr)
|rr=Ol\r)r.--

rh=l m"\ rn=3

= /5oo$14) J5onr.r, 5oD oryl 3?5 n"",, .
A , ",

( b) o.r*1u"lP\r\adQt"AYu,ttr -a*,c : bL - 3.35*lD-erD - 335o^1"1

d&fiU\4fue y1]!^g4^r"".n AL= (*t-7r) I n =orlrl, " "-

AL 335Dorq gq=Olly?,...
(vn*'ir) (* nYr)

tq=D tr= 3 m-.1

x= r'r=l D=\
( ? o O n m , 7 , a a 3 n r o ,l 3 9 D n ^ , ?5?n'o-, 71..|nb, (oD9n'n,
lu= Z aq=8'
5 t 5n,"r,
m=5 m--6

zJ?r"n"r,394 nm
X= 44On'.,,5t5nvn,
+ 6olorq