Table 1: Molecular weight for every component

Component Chemical formula Molecular weight

Ethylene C2H4 54.09 g/mol
Ethanol C2H5OH 62.07 g/mol
Water H2O 18.015 g/mol
Diethyl ether (C2H5)2O 116.16 g/mol
2.0 BALANCE ON REACTOR CRV-100

Function: Conversion reactor to react ethylene and water to produce ethanol. The mass ratio
of ethylene to water entering reactor is specified to be 1: 0.6. Total conversion of
is 60%.

Reaction: There are 2 simultaneous reactions in occur in this reactor:

C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH 𝜉̇ 1 [2.0-1]
2 C4H6 (C2H5)2O 𝜉̇ 2 [2.0-2]

1 3
̇ 1 kg ethylene/hr

𝑚̇2 kg water/hr

Mass of E in, 𝑚̇1 10000 × 2.44 = 24400 kg E/hr

Mass of N in, 𝑚̇2 7.85% ×24400 = 1915.40 kg N/hr
Mass of W in, 𝑚̇3 3% (24400+1915.4+𝑚̇1) = 𝑚̇1 = 78.95 kg W/hr
Conversion of mass to molar flow:

Component Mass flow Molecular Weight Moles flow

(kg/hr) (kg/kmol) (kmol/hr)
C4H6 (B) 10000 54.09 184.877
C2H6O2 (E) 24400 62.07 393.105
H2O (W) 78.95 18.015 4.382
n-C6H12O2 (N) 1915.400 116.16 16.489

3 8
393.105 kmol E/hr 𝑛̇ 1 kmol B/hr
4.382 kmol W/hr 𝑛̇ 2 kmol E/hr
16.489 kmol N/hr 𝑛̇ 3 kmol W/hr
5 𝑛̇ 4 kmol S/hr
184.877 kmol B/hr 𝑛̇ 5 kmol N/hr
𝑛̇ 6 kmol O/hr

Input + generation = output + consumption

Stream 3 + Stream 5 = Stream 8

Therefore,
𝑛̇ 1 = 184.877– 𝜉̇ 1 - 𝜉̇ 2 -2 𝜉̇ 3 [2.2-4]
𝑛̇ 2 = 393.105 – 𝜉̇ 1 - 𝜉̇ 2 - 𝜉̇3 [2.2-5]
𝑛̇ 3 = 4.382 [2.2-6]
𝑛̇ 4 = 𝜉̇ 2 [2.2-7]
𝑛̇ 5 = 16.489 + 𝜉̇ 1 [2.2-8]
𝑛̇ 6 = 𝜉̇ 3 [2.2-9]

From 2.2-6 𝑛̇ 3 = 4.382 kmol W/hr

For Equation 2.2-1 35.68% B = 65.970 kmol B

So, 65.970 C4H6 + 65.970 C2H6O2  65.970 n-C6H12O2
𝜉̇ 1 = 65.970 kmol
Then, from 2.2-8 𝑛̇ 5 = 82.459 kmol N/hr

For Equation 2.2-2 37.41% B = 44.483 kmol B

 So, 44.483 C4H6 + 44.483 C2H6O2  44.483 sec-C6H12O2
𝜉̇ 2 = 44.483 kmol
Then from 2.2-7 𝑛̇ 4 = 44.483 kmol S/hr
For Equation 2.2-3 6.907% B = 5.141 kmol B
So, 5.141 C4H6 + 2.570 C2H6O2  2.570 C10H18O2
𝜉̇ 3 = 2.570 kmol
Then from 2.2-9 𝑛̇ 6 = 2.570 kmol O/hr

So, from 2.2-4 𝑛̇ 1 = 69.284 kmol B/hr

And from 2.2-5 𝑛̇ 2 = 280.082 kmol E/hr

Conversion molar flow to mass flow:

Component Moles flow Molecular Weight Mass flow (kg/hr)
(kmol/hr) (kg/kmol)
B 𝑛̇ 1 = 69.284 54.09 𝑚̇4 = 3747.557
E 𝑛̇ 2 = 280.082 62.07 𝑚̇5 = 17384.662
W 𝑛̇ 3 = 4.382 18.015 𝑚̇6 = 78.950
S 𝑛̇ 4 = 44.483 116.16 𝑚̇7 = 5167.103
N 𝑛̇ 5 = 82.459 116.16 𝑚̇8 = 9578.481
O 𝑛̇ 6 = 2.570 170.2487 𝑚̇9 = 437.594

Table 2.2: Summary of CRV-100 mass balance

Mass Mass flow Molar Molar flow

Stream Component
flow frac flow frac
3 B 24400.000 0.924 393.105 0.950
W 78.950 0.003 4.382 0.011
N 1915.400 0.073 16.489 0.040
Total 26394.350 1.000 413.976 1.000

5 B 10000.000 1 184.8771 1

8 B 3747.557 0.103 69.284 0.143

E 17384.662 0.478 280.082 0.580
W 78.950 0.002 4.382 0.009
S 5167.103 0.142 44.483 0.092
N 9578.481 0.263 82.459 0.171
O 437.594 0.012 2.570 0.005
Total 36394.347 1.000 483.260 1.000
TOTAL FLOW IN 36394.35 kg/hr
TOTAL FLOW OUT 36394.35 kg/hr