Name of School : DAPA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Address : DAPA, SURIGAO DEL NORTE

Teacher : JOAN MARIE C. PELIAS
Subject : SCIENCE 8
Section : 8 - Jenner
Time Schedule : 12:00 – 12:50 PM
Date : June 14 - 15, 2018
Time Frame : 2 days

I. Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

 investigate and describe that the more mass an object has, the less effect a given force will have on the
object's motion;
 explain how mass affects force and acceleration.;
 identify and utilize the formula for calculating the average acceleration of an object in given scenarios.

I. Subject Matter:

Lesson: Newton’s Second Law of Motion ( Law of Acceleration)

References: Grade 8 LM, TG, Science book
Materials: Visual aids, Activity Sheet

II. Lesson Development:

Learning Activities (Motivation)

Review from 1st Law, introduce 2nd Law:

In which of these cases do we have balanced forces? Explain why.

 A cat is moving with constant velocity towards his date.
 A car is moving with constant acceleration to pick up more physics homework.
 A cow is at rest, taking a nap.
 An apple is hanging from a tree.
Share out and discuss. Bridge the transition between Newton’s First Law and the idea of net force into Newton’s
Second Law.

A. ACTIVITY

 The students will perform …

Activity 4 – Force and Acceleration

B. ANALYSIS
1. How does mass affect acceleration?
2. How does mass affect force?
3. How does force affect acceleration?

Tape Chart Analysis

Q12. We notice that the length of the strips in all the tape charts are in increasing order.
 In terms of the difference, we noticed that the amount of change in length of the strips differs among the tape
charts. It is greatest in F=4 units.
Q13. The increase in lengths of the strips suggests that the average velocity of the cart at equal time interval increases.
 The cart is accelerating. This is also true to all other tape.
Q14. The increase in length of each strip from one strip to another is of equal size.
 This indicates equal changes in the velocity of the cart at equal periods of time when the force acting on it is
constant.
Q15. The increase in length of the strips varies among the four tape charts. The amount of change increases as the units of
force increases.
Q16. When the dots on top of the strips are connected, a straight line was formed.

Quantitative Analysis.
Q17. The computed values of Vave are increasing. The cart is accelerating.
Q18. The computed values of ∆v are equal (or almost equal or very close).
 This means that the cart is accelerating uniformly or its acceleration is constant.
 Q19. The computed values of acceleration are equal (or almost equal).
Q20. The acceleration of the increase with the net or unbalanced force applied on it. Or as the amount of force applied on the
cart increases, the acceleration of the cart also increases.

C. ABSTRACTION
Newton’s Second Law of Motion (Law of Acceleration)

Force and Acceleration

 Force is a push or a pull. Acceleration is when the motion of an object changes. Examples: Speed up Slow down
Changes direction. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

 In this equation, a is the acceleration, m is the mass, and Fnet is the net force.
 If both sides of the above equation are multiplied by the mass, the equation can be written this way:

Formula Practice A book with a mass of 2.0kg is pushed along a table. If the net force on the book is 1.0N, what is the book’s
acceleration? Answer: .5m/s2

 Units of Force = Newtons (N)

SI units for mass is kg
SI Units for acceleration is m/s2
1 Newton (N) = 1kg * m/s2

Gravity & Weight

 Gravity is the force of attraction that exists between any two objects that have mass.
 The force of gravity depends on the mass of the objects and the distance between them.
 Weight is a force, like the push of your hand is a force, and is measured in Newtons. The force of gravity causes all
objects near Earth’s surface to fall with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s². Your weight on Earth is the gravitational force
between you and Earth.

How are weight and mass different?

 Weight is a force, like the push of your hand is a force, and is measured in newtons. Mass is the amount of matter in an
object, and doesn’t depend on location. Weight will vary with location, but mass will remain constant.
Newton’s Second Law states: “an object acted upon by an unbalanced force will accelerate in the direction of the force. •
If you kick the ball, it starts moving.”

 The ball accelerates only while your foot is in contact with the ball.
 2nd Law The net force of an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration, or F=ma.
 Newton’s second law of motion can be used to calculate acceleration.
 For example, suppose you pull a 10-kg sled so that the net force on the sled is 5 N.

The acceleration can be found as follows:

If mass remains constant, doubling the acceleration, doubles the force. If force remains constant, doubling the mass,
halves the acceleration.

 Newton’s 2nd Law proves that different masses accelerate to the earth at the same rate, but with different forces. We
know that objects with different masses accelerate to the ground at the same rate.

C. APPLICATION

Some example application of second law of acceleration

If you use the same force to push a truck and push a car, the car will have more acceleration than the truck, because
the car has less mass.
It is easier to push an empty shopping cart than a full one, because the full shopping cart has more mass than the
empty one. This means that more force is required to push the full shopping cart.

E. Evaluation
Solve the following problems:
 1. An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until is finally lifts off the ground. Determine
the distance traveled before takeoff.
Answer: d = 1720 m
2. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 5.21 seconds for a distance of 110 m.
Determine the acceleration of the car.
Answer: a = 8.10 m/s/s
3. A race car accelerates uniformly from 18.5 m/s to 46.1 m/s in 2.47 seconds. Determine the acceleration of the
car and the distance traveled.
Answer: a = 11.2 m/s/s and d = 79.8 m
4. A bike accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 7.10 m/s over a distance of 35.4 m. Determine the
acceleration of the bike.
Answer: a = 0.712 m/s/s
5. A dragster accelerates to a speed of 112 m/s over a distance of 398 m. Determine the acceleration (assume
uniform) of the dragster.
Answer: a = 15.8 m/s/s

III. ASSIGNMENT

Study in advance the third law of motion.

Remarks:

 June 15, 2018 – Holiday

 The lesson was carried.

Prepared by:

JOAN MARIE C. PELIAS

Subject Teacher

Checked by:

MARIETTA C. ASIGNAR, HT - III

Department Head